Week 5 FInal Paper for Crj

Prior to beginning work on this assignment, reflect upon your journey here at Ashford University. Think about your entrance into our school, your previous educational and professional experiences, and review how your knowledge and opinions of social and criminal justice have changed over time. Refer back to your own notes, classwork, and feedback from professors to be ready to evaluate your program of study and share your ideas with classmates and your instructor for this class. The focus of the Capstone Paper is to propose a resolution to a contemporary social and criminal justice issue through the application of information from a variety of related fields, which may include sociology, law, psychology, and ethics. A good place to look for topic ideas is in your previous coursework, including coursework uploaded into your portfolio on Portfolium. Specifically, you may find topic ideas from issues you became aware of in courses such as CRJ301: Juvenile Justice, CRJ303: Corrections, CRJ306: Criminal Law and Procedure, and CRJ308: Psychology of Criminal Behavior. You may find your topic anywhere; however, your undergraduate coursework is an excellent resource to help you generate ideas.

In developing a proposed solution to a modern social and criminal justice issue, you are encouraged to use the

Scholarly, Peer-Reviewed, and Other Credible Sources (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

table to identify and devise a workable plan. A good way to approach this paper is to consider it a detailed and thorough scholarly piece on a single, yet important, social and criminal justice issue. That is, by the end of the paper, you will be an expert on what the current research says about your chosen topic.

In your paper,

• Create a clear thesis statement that identifies your social and criminal justice issue.
• Summarize your chosen social and criminal justice issue in approximately one to two pages. Describe what makes this an issue.Provide data to show how this issue has made an impact on society.Explain which social justice principles need to be addressed and why.Detail the cultural and diversity issues present in your chosen social and criminal justice problem.Describe how addressing your chosen issue contributes to the goal of a more just society.
• Analyze the empirical research on your chosen topic. You may use your Week 1 Annotated Bibliography to complete this section of the paper. Please ensure that the instructor feedback is incorporated within this section. Incorporating peer feedback is optional.
• Propose a possible resolution to your chosen social and criminal justice issue. Evaluate which branches of the criminal justice system are impacted/involved and how they either help or hinder the issue.Analyze how the criminal and social justice theories (in relation to the United States Constitution) and landmark U.S. Supreme Court decisions impact your chosen issue and support your resolution.Examine how the judiciary, corrections, and law enforcement systems address social equality, solidarity, human rights, and overall fairness for all and how these essential concepts impact your issue and resolution.Evaluate how poverty, racism, religion and other sociocultural variables may apply to contemporary social and criminal justice by drawing information among the fields of, but not limited to, criminology, law, philosophy, psychology, science, and sociology.

The Solution Proposal Capstone Paper

• Must be 15 double-spaced pages in length (not including title and references pages and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center’s APA Style (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
• Must include a separate title page with the following: Title of paperStudent’s nameCourse name and numberInstructor’s nameDate submitted

For further assistance with the formatting and the title page, refer to

APA Formatting for Word 2013 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

.

• Must utilize academic voice. See the Academic Voice (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. resource for additional guidance.
• Must include an introduction and conclusion paragraph. Your introduction paragraph needs to end with a clear thesis statement that indicates the purpose of your paper. For assistance on writing Introductions & Conclusions (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. as well as Writing a Thesis Statement (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site., refer to the Ashford Writing Center resources.
• Must use at least 10 scholarly and/or credible sources, at least four of which must be found in the Ashford Library, in addition to the course text. You may consider referencing documentaries, contemporary news reports, multimedia, and interviews with professionals in the field. Cite your sources within the text of your paper and on the reference page. The Scholarly, Peer-Reviewed, and Other Credible Sources (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. table offers additional guidance on appropriate source types. If you have questions about whether a specific source is appropriate for this assignment, please contact your instructor. Your instructor has the final say about the appropriateness of a specific source for a particular assignment.
• Must document any information used from sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center’s Citing Within Your Paper (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
• Must include a separate references page that is formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. See the Formatting Your References List (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. resource in the Ashford Writing Center for specifications.

Carefully review the

Grading Rubric (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.

Running head: YOUTH VIOLENCE
1
Youth Violence
Darien R. Greene
CRJ 422 Criminal Capstone
Professor Robinson
April 29, 2019
Youth Violence
Center For Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Violence and Homicide among Youth.
Retrieved from
https://www.cdc.gov/healthcommunication/toolstemplates/entertainmented/tips/Violence
Youth.html
The source highlights the prevalence of youth violence in the United States and the
impact it has on their well-being. Violence is a significant issue due to the impact it has
on well-being and health of the youth. According to data youth violence is the number
one cause of death and injury to young individuals of the age 15 to 24 years. Fatal and
nonfatal violence is considerably greater in young people than any other age group.
Young people that constitute to 4,678 were victims of homicide in 2010, which makes up
to thirteen young people per day. Impact of youth violence include decrease property
value, increased health care costs, disruption of social services, and threats to the
sustainability of businesses. Total costs of lost productivity and medical care that is
brought by youth violence constitutes $17.5 billion.
Bushman, B. J., Newman, K., Calvert, S. L., Downey, G., Dredze, M., Gottfredson, M., … &
Romer, D. (2016). Youth violence: What we know and what we need to know. American
Psychologist, 71(1), 17. Retrieved from
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/cd57/95c60475ef2acca558fd66d1670d2458b079.pdf
In this source types of youth gun violence are described which are school rampage
shootings and street shootings. School rampage shootings happen at a low rate and
include shootings in movie theaters, supermarkets and shopping malls. Such shootings
are random and devastating and finding preventions is a challenge. Street shootings occur
in densely populated areas with high crime rates. Bushman et al. (2016), address various
issues concerning the cause of gun violence in the youth. Access to guns is one reason
that youth gun violence is so prevalent. Data from state prisons indicate that individuals
that were incarcerated at ages below eighteen identified the black market or the streets as
the source of guns (47%). Others identified that they got guns from friends or family
members (38%). Because provide a juvenile with a fire arm is illegal and 13 percent of
youth claimed that they stole guns a majority of young gun holders get their guns from
illegal transactions.
National Research Council. (2013). Contagion of Violence: Workshop Summary. National
Academies Press. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK207242/
It is important to understand the relationship of incarceration of the youth and the
elevated cases of violence that is associated by the group. As highlighted in the book
citizens of United States and the justice system accept that the accepted form of
punishment that is fit for individuals that commit acts of violence is punishment through
incarceration. Out the total incarcerations that happened in 2011 about 75,000 juveniles
were incarcerated either in adult or juvenile facilities. From the year 2000 to 2008 there
has been an estimated 60 percent growth in number of violent offenders that have been
incarcerated in the United States correctional facilities. The national research council
(2013) tries to identify the increase in youth violence due to the exposure of young
offenders to violence while in the correctional facilities both in adult and juvenile.
Jannetta, J., & Okeke, C. (2017). Strategies for Reducing Criminal and Juvenile Justice
Involvement. Building Ladders of Opportunity for Young People in the Great Lakes
States, brief, 4. Retrieved from
https://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/publication/94516/strategies-for-reducingcriminal-and-juvenile-justice-involvement.pdf_0.pdf
Jannetta and Okeke highlight the role justice system, victimization and crime play in the
well-being and productivity of the youth. By focusing on the Great Lakes Cities Jannetta
and Okeke (2017) identify economicand racial segregation, seoarate low-income and
vulnerable individuals from opportunities and expose them to stress and eventually crime.
By addressing the socio economic issues that affect the youth and lead them to crime,
youth violence can be drastically reduced. Several aspects are included in the study and
identify how and why the youth end up in the violence and criminal lifestyle. Jannette
and Okeke (2017), claim that the involvement of criminal justice affects the development
of the youth and interferes with desistence, which is the process in which the youth that
were involved with criminal life stop offending. Structural inequities increases exposure
of the youth to crime. Crime is highly concentrated in areas with social disorganization
and increased levels of crime. Remedies are provided on how to tackle the youth violence
and crimes.
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. National youth violence prevention
update 2010–2016. Retrieved from https://www.ojjdp.gov/pubs/250083.pdf
In this source, three goals have been developed Prevention which are eliminating gang
and youth violence as an issue of national importance, increasing involvement of
communities to reduce youth and gang violence and sustaining systems and progress
change through assessment, alignment and engagement. Using this source efforts that are
being carried out to reduce the occurrence and the effects of youth and gang violence
amongst the youth will be highlighted. Efforts include various agencies and multiple
disciplines such as the United States Department of Justice, Health and Human Service,
Housing and Urban and Education Labor. Efforts established are focused on identifying
the root causes that are leading to the occurrence of youth violence.
References
Center For Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Violence and Homicide among Youth.
Retrieved from
https://www.cdc.gov/healthcommunication/toolstemplates/entertainmented/tips/Violence
Youth.html
Bushman, B. J., Newman, K., Calvert, S. L., Downey, G., Dredze, M., Gottfredson, M., … &
Romer, D. (2016). Youth violence: What we know and what we need to know. American
Psychologist, 71(1), 17. Retrieved from
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/cd57/95c60475ef2acca558fd66d1670d2458b079.pdf
National Research Council. (2013). Contagion of Violence: Workshop Summary. National
Academies Press. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK207242/
Jannetta, J., & Okeke, C. (2017). Strategies for Reducing Criminal and Juvenile Justice
Involvement. Building Ladders of Opportunity for Young People in the Great Lakes
States, brief, 4. Retrieved from
https://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/publication/94516/strategies-for-reducingcriminal-and-juvenile-justice-involvement.pdf_0.pdf
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. National youth violence prevention
update 2010–2016. Retrieved from https://www.ojjdp.gov/pubs/250083.pdf
Running head: YOUTH VIOLENCE
1
Youth Violence
Darien R. Greene
CRJ 422 Criminal Capstone
Professor Robinson
April 29, 2019
Youth Violence
Center For Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Violence and Homicide among Youth.
Retrieved from
https://www.cdc.gov/healthcommunication/toolstemplates/entertainmented/tips/Violence
Youth.html
The source highlights the prevalence of youth violence in the United States and the
impact it has on their well-being. Violence is a significant issue due to the impact it has
on well-being and health of the youth. According to data youth violence is the number
one cause of death and injury to young individuals of the age 15 to 24 years. Fatal and
nonfatal violence is considerably greater in young people than any other age group.
Young people that constitute to 4,678 were victims of homicide in 2010, which makes up
to thirteen young people per day. Impact of youth violence include decrease property
value, increased health care costs, disruption of social services, and threats to the
sustainability of businesses. Total costs of lost productivity and medical care that is
brought by youth violence constitutes $17.5 billion.
Bushman, B. J., Newman, K., Calvert, S. L., Downey, G., Dredze, M., Gottfredson, M., … &
Romer, D. (2016). Youth violence: What we know and what we need to know. American
Psychologist, 71(1), 17. Retrieved from
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/cd57/95c60475ef2acca558fd66d1670d2458b079.pdf
In this source types of youth gun violence are described which are school rampage
shootings and street shootings. School rampage shootings happen at a low rate and
include shootings in movie theaters, supermarkets and shopping malls. Such shootings
are random and devastating and finding preventions is a challenge. Street shootings occur
in densely populated areas with high crime rates. Bushman et al. (2016), address various
issues concerning the cause of gun violence in the youth. Access to guns is one reason
that youth gun violence is so prevalent. Data from state prisons indicate that individuals
that were incarcerated at ages below eighteen identified the black market or the streets as
the source of guns (47%). Others identified that they got guns from friends or family
members (38%). Because provide a juvenile with a fire arm is illegal and 13 percent of
youth claimed that they stole guns a majority of young gun holders get their guns from
illegal transactions.
National Research Council. (2013). Contagion of Violence: Workshop Summary. National
Academies Press. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK207242/
It is important to understand the relationship of incarceration of the youth and the
elevated cases of violence that is associated by the group. As highlighted in the book
citizens of United States and the justice system accept that the accepted form of
punishment that is fit for individuals that commit acts of violence is punishment through
incarceration. Out the total incarcerations that happened in 2011 about 75,000 juveniles
were incarcerated either in adult or juvenile facilities. From the year 2000 to 2008 there
has been an estimated 60 percent growth in number of violent offenders that have been
incarcerated in the United States correctional facilities. The national research council
(2013) tries to identify the increase in youth violence due to the exposure of young
offenders to violence while in the correctional facilities both in adult and juvenile.
Jannetta, J., & Okeke, C. (2017). Strategies for Reducing Criminal and Juvenile Justice
Involvement. Building Ladders of Opportunity for Young People in the Great Lakes
States, brief, 4. Retrieved from
https://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/publication/94516/strategies-for-reducingcriminal-and-juvenile-justice-involvement.pdf_0.pdf
Jannetta and Okeke highlight the role justice system, victimization and crime play in the
well-being and productivity of the youth. By focusing on the Great Lakes Cities Jannetta
and Okeke (2017) identify economicand racial segregation, seoarate low-income and
vulnerable individuals from opportunities and expose them to stress and eventually crime.
By addressing the socio economic issues that affect the youth and lead them to crime,
youth violence can be drastically reduced. Several aspects are included in the study and
identify how and why the youth end up in the violence and criminal lifestyle. Jannette
and Okeke (2017), claim that the involvement of criminal justice affects the development
of the youth and interferes with desistence, which is the process in which the youth that
were involved with criminal life stop offending. Structural inequities increases exposure
of the youth to crime. Crime is highly concentrated in areas with social disorganization
and increased levels of crime. Remedies are provided on how to tackle the youth violence
and crimes.
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. National youth violence prevention
update 2010–2016. Retrieved from https://www.ojjdp.gov/pubs/250083.pdf
In this source, three goals have been developed Prevention which are eliminating gang
and youth violence as an issue of national importance, increasing involvement of
communities to reduce youth and gang violence and sustaining systems and progress
change through assessment, alignment and engagement. Using this source efforts that are
being carried out to reduce the occurrence and the effects of youth and gang violence
amongst the youth will be highlighted. Efforts include various agencies and multiple
disciplines such as the United States Department of Justice, Health and Human Service,
Housing and Urban and Education Labor. Efforts established are focused on identifying
the root causes that are leading to the occurrence of youth violence.
References
Center For Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Violence and Homicide among Youth.
Retrieved from
https://www.cdc.gov/healthcommunication/toolstemplates/entertainmented/tips/Violence
Youth.html
Bushman, B. J., Newman, K., Calvert, S. L., Downey, G., Dredze, M., Gottfredson, M., … &
Romer, D. (2016). Youth violence: What we know and what we need to know. American
Psychologist, 71(1), 17. Retrieved from
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/cd57/95c60475ef2acca558fd66d1670d2458b079.pdf
National Research Council. (2013). Contagion of Violence: Workshop Summary. National
Academies Press. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK207242/
Jannetta, J., & Okeke, C. (2017). Strategies for Reducing Criminal and Juvenile Justice
Involvement. Building Ladders of Opportunity for Young People in the Great Lakes
States, brief, 4. Retrieved from
https://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/publication/94516/strategies-for-reducingcriminal-and-juvenile-justice-involvement.pdf_0.pdf
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. National youth violence prevention
update 2010–2016. Retrieved from https://www.ojjdp.gov/pubs/250083.pdf
Running head: YOUTH VIOLENCE
1
Youth Violence
Name
Institution
Youth Violence
Social and criminal justice issues have existed in society and will continue to be a
challenge to the well-being of the citizens of the United States. The youth will play a key role in
in the future of the United States, and it is important that the whole community and government
agencies address issues that affect their well-being. One significant issue that is affecting the
American people is the association of youth and violence. Youth violence is highly associated
with crime, but there are cases that it is associated with other factors. Violence is an activity that
includes physical force to kill, damage or hurt another individual. Violence can be self-motivated
or can be motivated by an external factor that includes peers. Youth violence is documented do
have many adverse effects on society that includes increased medical cost, reduced property
value, and disruption of social services. Society needs to understand the impacts of youth
violence and the efforts that are taking place to tackle the issue. In the discussion of this
capstone, paper discussions shall focus on youth violence and its prevalence, gun violence, the
relationship with incarceration and efforts that are being taken to tackle the issue.
Running head: YOUYTH VIOLENCE
1
Youth Violence
Darien Greene
CRJ 422
Instructor: Mr. Robinson
May 5, 2019
YOUYTH VIOLEMCE
2
Youth Violence
Young people make up an important part of any society. Governments have always made
an effort to make as much investment in the welfare of the young generation primarily due to the
potential impacts of such investment on the future of a particular economy. As long as the young
people are capable of accessing descent employment and holding on to their jobs, then there are
always chances that they would be in a position to facilitate economic activities in the future. For
instance, the American economy’s labor market is in a transition phase, with the older baby boomer
generation no facing retirement, leaving the positions to the younger X generation. However, the
younger generation would only be capable of steering different organizations and workplaces to
success if they are well equipped with social and academic skills for success in the various sectors.
Social challenges such as youth violence as exemplified by the large number of young people in
American correctional facilities due to issues such as easy access to weapons such as guns
extensively derail the chances of success of the young population.
Notably, youth violence affects the young generation more than it affects the older
members of society, largely because the it robs the young people off their years of productivity.
For instance, the National Research Council (2013) confirms that about 75000 juveniles were
incarcerated either in adult or juvenile facilities in 2011). Considering that this is a population of
young people, the levels of incarceration imply that the country’s available skilled labor force for
2020 could have reduced by about 75,000, and about just as many families may have lost a
potential source of support if the young people graduated and earned a significant income to
support their extended as well as nuclear families. Consequently, the issue is of significant impact
to society considering the implications that arresting and committing a young person to prison
could have on his and his family’s welfare.
YOUYTH VIOLEMCE
3
Consequently, it is pivotal that research addresses social justice issues in the criminal
justice system that increase the chances of young people finding their way to pison. According to
Jannetta and Okeke (2017), economic and racial injustices are some of the key issues that have to
some extent contributed to the high number of young people that lose the chance of having the life
they may have dreamed of as children. In particular, the lack of opportunities and resources in
some of the communities designated as poor results to limited motivation and effort among the
young people to engage in activities that would otherwise have significant positive consequences
on their welfare. Therefore, the young people in such communities are often likely to engage in
misdemeanors that in some cases end up with them spending some time in prison. Consequently,
cultural issues such as gang cultures, and disenfranchisement are some of the critical social
challenges whose solution could ultimately improve the welfare of the young generation.
In particular, addressing such issues would increase the chances that the young people in
question would find a descent lifestyle as opposed to one which only leads to crime and
imprisonment. For instance, take the case of an initiative that provides the best education facilities
in a poor neighborhood in addition to alternative opportunities such as arts schools for people who
may be talented in the arts and not sciences. Consequences, the lack of racial discrimination and
existence of such opportunities would lead to young people choosing to join an art school if they
failed to perform as well in the sciences, ultimately providing an opportunity for success in the
arts. However, the situation is currently different, in which case those that do not succeed in
academics or athletics end up with no safety nets if their parents are not capable enough to pay for
their education in the art schools common in affluent neighborhoods. Therefore, addressing the
issues as highlighted above could present a solution to the prevalence of youth violence by
presenting them with an alternative lifestyle.
YOUYTH VIOLEMCE
4
Notably, these efforts are particularly important based on the available information from
research focusing on violence among young people. According to Bushman et al. (2016), access
to guns forms one of the reasons for the prevalence of youth violence, with data from state prisons
indicating that young people in prisons highlight the black market as a primary source of the guns.
However, the young people would have limited time to go out seeking for such weapons if they
were busy enough and engaged at work or academic activities. However, lack of employment and
poor performance in schools due to proper resources for education in some of the poor
neighborhoods present a challenge for the young people, ultimately directing the towards joining
groups that are often likely to land them in prisons. Alternatively, as the CDC notes, they are likely
to end up as victims of other young people’s access to guns as determined from prevalence of cases
of homicide involving young Americans.
According to the Office of Juvenile and Delinquency prevention, the department of Justice
makes up one of the most critical departments involved in dealing with the young people’s
engagement in violent activities. Notably, the OJD is a pivotal branch of the Department of Justice
with a significant role to play in helping reduce the prevalence of youth violence in the United
States. As long as young people are treated different from adults in the American constitution and
the court systems, then it is critical that the DOJ makes an effort to address the prevalence of
challenges that continuously leave correctional facilities with increasing numbers of young people.
In particular, the law enforcement agencies should make efforts to not only arrest young
people caught violating the law, but try and understand the environments of these young
delinquents for possible solutions to some of the possible factors that increase their susceptibility
to involvement in violent activities. Ultimately, efforts to address such issues could end up in
YOUYTH VIOLEMCE
5
higher solidarity between the law enforcement and young people as opposed to the suspicious
relationship that has always characterized the two parties.
Notably, issues such as poverty and racism form the primary sociocultural factors that have
always influenced the chances that young people will engage in delinquent behavior. As long as
the low income communities have limited access to facilities such as education institutions, then
the young people therein may have limited access to factors that could otherwise draw them away
from engaging in violence. They spend too much time idle, they will always be involved in
excursions that culminate in areas where they can easily access weapons for use in various cases
of youth violence. Ultimately, their arrest for involvement in the violent activities ends in
imprisonment.
YOUYTH VIOLEMCE
6
References
Jannetta, J., & Okeke, C. (2017). Strategies for Reducing Criminal and Juvenile Justice
Involvement. Building Ladders of Opportunity for Young People in the Great Lakes
States, brief, 4. Retrieved from
https://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/publication/94516/strategies-for-reducingcriminal-and-juvenile-justice-involvement.pdf_0.pdf
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. National youth violence prevention
update 2010–2016. Retrieved from https://www.ojjdp.gov/pubs/250083.pdf
Center For Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Violence and Homicide among Youth.
Retrieved from
https://www.cdc.gov/healthcommunication/toolstemplates/entertainmented/tips/Violence
Youth.html
Bushman, B. J., Newman, K., Calvert, S. L., Downey, G., Dredze, M., Gottfredson, M., … &
Romer, D. (2016). Youth violence: What we know and what we need to know. American
Psychologist, 71(1), 17. Retrieved from
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/cd57/95c60475ef2acca558fd66d1670d2458b079.pdf
National Research Council. (2013). Contagion of Violence: Workshop Summary. National
Academies Press. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK207242/
Running Head: FREEDOM OF SPEECH
1
Freedom of Speech
Darien R. Greene
POL 303
Thomas Kelly
January 6, 2019
FREEDOM OF SPEECH
2
Introduction
There is a common misconception that all types of speech will fall under the
protection of the First Amendment, which focuses on the right to free speech when in reality
not all types of speech will fall under the protection of the Constitution. Free speech will only
be applicable in certain situations which may or may not provide various implications for the
person’s civil rights, civil liberties, and federalism. The relationship between the four aspects
is highly significant since the knowledge of the elements will help one to understand better
the type of speech which will fall under the protection of the Constitution, the type of speech
which will not be protected and the implications as a result of the speech. The assurance of
the right to free speech which is present in the First Amendment has given voices to
Americans who have the privilege of speaking freely, but the right will focus on the type of
free speech which will be expressed by the same individuals.
Main Point 1: Implications for Federalism and Free Speech
Federalism has managed to have some positive impacts when it comes to free speech
since the right which is contained in the First Amendment has managed to promote
democracy where any speech which focuses on the different aspects of the government will
highly be welcomed. One of the notable quotes can be found in the article, “5 Essential Pros
and Cons of Freedom of Speech,” where the author compares the right to freedom as a
fundamental right which is quite significant when it comes to democracy, its health, and wellbeing (Editor, 2015).
Federalism has also managed to have some adverse impacts on the freedom of
speech, with one of the adverse implications focusing on the imposing restrictions which
have been imposed by the government and will focus on the violation of the rights or not
based on the type of speech which will be protected in the Constitution. In “Criminal
FREEDOM OF SPEECH
3
Threats,” the author goes on to provide that there are certain situations where the speech will
be regarded as a crime (Theoharis, 2016).
The author further goes on to establish in his quote that a criminal threat, for example,
a terrorist threat, shall be regarded as a crime since the individual may wish to harm another
individual. The evidence provided above shows the positive and negative impacts of free
speech on federalism since it will not only promote democracy but will also include types of
speech which will be regarded as a crime. The evidence provided support the topic sentences
since the evidence shows how the impact on federalism will not only promote democracy but
will also lead to the criminalization of certain types of speech.
Main Point 2: Implications for Civil Rights and Free Speech
Free speech which is present in the First Amendment has had a positive impact on
civil rights since it helped the Civil Rights Movement during the 1950s and 1960s to express
their grievances, through the use of demonstrations, protests, and marches, which were highly
focused on social change. In the article, “Civil Rights & First Amendment,” the author
managed to provide in his quote the significance of the First Amendment by stating that free
speech played a crucial role in the Civil Right Movements which were held during the fifties
and sixties with the aim of promoting social change in the country (Hudson, 2002).
The negative impact of free speech on civil rights will revolve around distaste which
will highly be expressed by the extremists who are of the belief that free speech or certain
types of free speech violate their civil rights when that may not be the case. One quote which
can be found in the article, “US Hate Group Rise in 2015,” provides information that there
has been a rise in the number of hate groups currently in the united states which has further
led to the increase in extremist activities that violate the civil rights of the victims of the hate
groups (Kaplan, 2016).
FREEDOM OF SPEECH
4
The evidence which has been provided in both situations focuses on when free speech
was used to promote social change and when free speech was used to fight the “belief” that
there had been a violation of civil rights. The evidence provided is quite significant since the
negative impact of free speech portrays the types of speech which will not be protected by the
Constitution.
Main Point 3: Implications for Civil Liberties and Free Speech
Freedom of speech which has further contributed to the freedom of expression is one
of the most significant civil liberties in America due to its impact on the social environment
since it also promotes social change and democracy in the country. “The First Amendment to
the Constitution protects five basic freedoms: freedom of religion, freedom of speech…These
civil liberties are the cornerstone of our democracy.”
One adverse impact free speech will have on civil liberties will focus on the freedom
which will be limited in the social environment by the government since some speech will
not fall under the protection of the First Amendment. One quote can be found in the
“Freedom of Expression” and focuses on one of the feminists, Margaret Sanger who was
arrested back in 1912 because she had given a lecture where the lecture focused on the use of
birth control (American Civil Liberties Union, 2016). The first example shows the
significance of free speech which is regarded as a civil liberty and will not only promote
social change, but it will also promote democracy. The negative impact manages to show that
not all types of speech will be under the protection of the Constitution since people will have
different beliefs and standpoints than those who are expressing themselves. The evidence
provided is quite significant and is in line with the topic sentence since it offers evidence to
support the thesis being discussed in this outline.
FREEDOM OF SPEECH
5
Conclusion
The assurance of the right to free speech which is present in the First Amendment has
given voices to Americans who have the privilege of speaking freely, but the right will focus
on the type of free speech which will be expressed by the same individuals. Freedom of
speech has contributed to the positive and negative implications which can be seen in
federalism, civil rights, and civil liberties since some speech will not be under the protection
of the Constitution. The argument being raised is quite significant since it will help raise
awareness on the types of speech protected in the First Amendment due to the common
misconception that all types of speech will be acceptable because Americans have freedom of
speech.
FREEDOM OF SPEECH
6
References
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