University of Maryland Global Campus Form of Passive Immunity MCQs

Q#1 The LEAST common clinical presentation of COVID-19 infection is:
A- Severe
B- Mildly symptomatic without pneumonia
C- Mildly symptomatic with pneumonia
D- Moderately symptomatic with pneumonia
E- Critical
Q#2 A hospitalized individual with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection is infused with a cocktail of
two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to SARS-CoV-2. Unfortunately, the patient remains very
sick and is not helped by the monoclonal antibodies. What might account for this lack of
response?
A- The patient has depressed (low) levels of B cells in circulation and in germinal centers
B- The patient has low levels of IL-6 production in response to the infusion
C- The virus has mutated and no longer expresses the epitopes targeted by the MAbs
D- The patient makes a good IgM response to the infused MAbs but fails to make IgG and IgA
E- The patient has a deficient presentation of viral antigen by dendritic cells to CD4 T cells
Q#3 Which of the following responses is associated with poor viral clearance and severe and
fatal COVID-19?
A- Immediate NK cell activation
B- Early T cell activation
C- Delayed T cell activation
D- Early B cell activation E Early antibody production
Q#4 Most journals generally require the following person(s) to file a disclosure with respect
to a manuscript submitted for review and possible publication:
A- The editor-in chief.
B- The editor tasked with the manuscript.
C- The persons selected to do the peer review.
D- The student author(s).
E- All persons cited in the acknowledgements.
Q#5 What is an ISG in terms of an interferon response?
A- It is an interferon stimulated gene
B- It usually has antiviral functions
C- It may promote virus replication by novel unconventional mechanisms
D- Only A and B are correct
E- A. B and C are correct
Q#6 Are type-I interferons (IFNs) protective or detrimental during SARS-CoV-2 infection?
(Select the BEST answer)
A- Type-I IFNs can be protective when produce early (before the peak of virus load)
B- Type-I IFNs never act as antiviral cytokines
C- Type-I IFNs do not cause tissue damage
D- Type-I IFNs can be detrimental when produced late (after the peak of virus load)
E- A and D are correct
Q#7 Reports that led to the closure of the Huanan Seafood Market (HSM) on 1Jan2020 were
of the:
A- Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in animals in the HSM
B- Isolation of SARS-CoV-2 from workers at the HSM
C- Isolation of a SARS-CoV-2-like virus in animals like those sold at the HSM
D- Observation of pneumonia-like cases in people linked to the HSM
E- Observation of sick and dying animals in the HSM
Q#8 Multiple health disparities have been identified in COVID-19 infection. During the initial
waves of infection, which communities were disproportionately affected?
A- Recent immigrants
B- Residents of the developing world
C- Communities of color in the USA
D- Children E Healthcare workers
Q#9 One reason why SARS-CoV-2 replicates efficiently in cells is because:
A- SARS-COV-2 only infects cells that have a defective interferon (IFN) antiviral pathway
B- SARS-COV-2 infects only cells that do NOT express the ACE2 receptor
C- Many SARS-CoV-2 proteins can act as antagonists of the IFN response
D- SARS-CoV-2 infection does not induce IFN transcription
E- IFNs are degraded by one of the SARS-CoV-2 proteases
Q#10 A protective adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2 following infection or
vaccination would be due to:
A- Presence of SARS-CoV-2-specific NKT memory cells
B- Presence of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM antibodies
C- Presence high levels of systemic interferon-y
D- Presence of SARS-CoV-2-specific T and B memory cells
E- Presence of anti-inflammatory cytokines
Q#11 The SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural protein nsp1 helps protect the virus from interferon by
acting at the level of
A- antibody binding
B- interferon signaling
C- protein stability
D- transcription E translation
Q#12 In lecture it was stressed that the most important reason to utilize an “intention to
treat” analysis, rather than only an analysis of those who fully complied with and completed
therapy, is:
A- Increased study power due to the inclusion of a larger number of subjects.
B- Adequacy of the randomization procedure can only be checked in this approach.
C- Poor outcomes among study drop-outs are included, reducing a potential source of bias.
D- Study costs are reduced.
E- Impact of full dose treatment is directly and readily observed.
Q#13 An acceptable rationale to perform a one-tailed (one-sided) test for statistical
significance is:
A- The one-tailed hypothesis test is proposed during study design, and well justified.
B- There are inadequate funds or resources to do a study large enough to be powered for 2tailed testing.
C- A need to examine multiple secondary hypotheses.
D- During the study design phase, examination of sub-strata was proposed.
E- The study’s Data Safety Monitoring Board demands this analytic approach.
Q#14 Concerning the COVID-19 pandemic, which of the following is correct? (Give the BEST
answer)
A- Surgical masks provide better or equal protection than an N95 mask.
B- A distance of 3 feet or less from an infected person provides a high degree of protection
from acquisition of infection.
C- Droplet nuclei can remain suspended for an extended period of time.
D- A and B
E- B and C
Q#15 Regarding a paired t-test, which is the BEST (most true) statement?
A- It usually gives the same result as performing an unpaired t-test on the same data.
B- Controls are matched to cases.
C- It is useful when comparing numeric pre- and post-intervention assessment on a set of
subjects.
D- It requires data to be consistent with the “binomial” distribution.
E- Logarithmic transformation usually invalidates the statistic.
Q#16 You have a cohort of older subjects who were all immunized for SARS-CoV-2 using
either the Moderna or Pfizer vaccines, but their status with respect to actually having been
infected with the virus is not clear. Which of the following would suggest that the individual
had a history of COVID-19 infection?
A- The presence of IgG in the serum that is specific for the Spike protein
B- The presence of IgA in the nasal secretion that is specific for Spike protein
C- The ability of the NK cells from the patient to kill target cells infected with SARS-CoV-2
D- The presence of memory T cells that are specific for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid peptides
E- The ability of neutrophils from the patient to make extracellular NETs
Q#17 Which of the following statements about neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 is
FALSE? They:
A- Inhibit binding of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE-2 receptor
B- Are specific for the receptor-binding domain of Spike protein
C- Are not produced in hybrid immunity
D- Are produced following natural infection
E- Are associated with a protective response
Q#18 Which one of the following would most strengthen the theory that COVID-19 is a
zoonotic disease?
A- Discovery of a precedent for coronavirus infection of humans
B- Evidence of a previous epidemic caused by air-borne infection of humans with an animal
virus C- Documentation of the association between SARS-CoV-2 and the live-animal trade
D- The detection of SARS-CoV-2 in animal samples taken before the pandemic
E- The finding of SARS-CoV-2-related viruses in raccoon dogs
Q#19 Bi-directional SARS-CoV-2 transmission has been reported between humans and:
A- Bats
B- Cats
C- Dogs
D- Hamsters
E- Palm civets
Q#20 A characteristic feature of acute infection with SARS-CoV-2 is marked lymphopenia.
Which of the following cells are dramatically reduced?
A- B cells
B- T cells
C- Eosinophils
D- Epithelial cells
E- Granulocytes
Q#21 The BEST most recent estimates for routes of transmission of the original (Wuhan)
strain of SARS-CoV-2 are closest to:
A- >90% by touching surfaces/fomites and 75% by touching surfaces/fomites and