Science EOG Presentation

SCIENCE EOG TOP 5 SLIDESHOWHow Your Slides Should Look!
1) Decorative Intro Slide With Your Name
2) Answers for Unit 1: Chemistry – Labeled Periodic Table of Elements
3) Answers for Unit 2: Earth’s History/Evolution/Genetics
4) Answers for Unit 3: Molecular Biology & Food/ Microbiology & Pathogens
5) Answers for Unit 4: Biotechnology/Ecology/Energy (3 smaller units combined)
6) Answers for Unit 5: Hydrosphere
Directions:
● This is an extremely important review project and it will count as a PERFORM project grade!
● Use the “See 3 Before Me” Method…as in use your notes, the online textbook, research online, and
even your peers before you tell the teacher you can’t find the answer!
● You will complete EVERY question on the review guide! Do them in order, and number them clearly!
● You will work on your slides in class & at home if needed!
● Plagiarism is not acceptable and will result in a 50%.
Due Date: The Day Chromebooks are picked up, May 13th
LATE OR INCOMPLETE FOR ANY REASON = AUTOMATIC 79%
Maximum Grade and will not be accepted after the 23rd of May.
Weight Distribution of Questions on the Science EOG (65 Questions):
Matter: Properties and Change – 14–16%
Energy Conservation and Transfer – 10–12%
Earth Systems, Structures, and Processes – 13–15%
Earth History – 11–13%
Structure and Function of Living Organisms – 19–23%
Ecosystems – 9–11%
Evolution and Genetics – 11–13%
Molecular Biology – 8–10%
Unit 1: Chemistry:
1) Define what an atom is. Then draw/create an atom and label its parts and the charge for each of those parts.
(Bohr structure)
● Proton
● Electron
● Neutron
2) What is the difference between an element, compound, mixture & solution? Give an example of each.
3) Use the Element Oxygen for the next two bullet points.
● Draw/create the element box for oxygen as it appears on the Periodic Table. Label and explain what
information each of the following gives you: Atomic Number, Atomic Mass, and Element Symbol
● Now draw/create the Bohr diagram of oxygen
4) Get a copy of the Periodic Table from online (ask if you need help), and then complete the following:
● Color the 3 main sections: Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals and create a key for the colors you use
● Label each of the following groups at the top of the column that they are in: Alkali metals, Alkaline Earth
Metals, Transition metals, Halogens, Noble gasses
● List the main properties of each of the following: Metals, Nonmetals, Metalloids
● List the main properties of each of the following major groups/families: Alkali metals, Alkaline Earth
metals, Transition metals, Halogens, Noble gasses
● If elements are in the same group (column) what does that tell you about them?
● If elements are in the same period (row) what does that tell you about them?
5) Write a short explanation about the way to find the # of valence electrons an element has, and what valence
electrons have to do with elements bonding?
● Contrast an ionic bond and a covalent bond (There are 2 main differences)
6) Remember: The Law of Conservation of Matter/Mass is the key to balancing chemical equations. It states
that “matter/mass cannot be created or destroyed”…more simply stated, “what goes in, must come out.”
● How will you know when an EOG question is testing your knowledge of this law? Make up a SPECIFIC
example of how this question might be worded. (If you cannot make one up, then research online to find
one.)
7) Each element on the Periodic Table has its own unique set of properties. Copy or remake the following chart
into your slides and then fill in the blank columns.
Property
Specific Heat
Density
Malleability
Solubility
Electrical Conductivity
Chemical Reactivity
Flammability
Boiling Point
Melting Point
Physical or Chemical
Definition
8) How do you know when a chemical reaction (chemical change) has occurred? List the pieces of evidence we
used in class as confirmation that a chemical change had happened over a physical change.
9) Chemical reactions occur at different rates. What effect do the following have on the rate of a reaction?
●
●
●
●
Concentration of the reactants:
Temperature:
Surface area of solids:
Catalyst:
Extra Credit: Some chemicals are natural and some are synthetic, what is the difference?
Unit 2: Earth’s History/Evolution/Genetics:
1) Draw/Create a diagram to show the Law of Superposition that includes both layers and fossils:
● Label the layers from youngest to oldest
● Explain, using the fossils or layers in your diagram, both absolute & relative age
2) Draw a labeled picture of the 4 main layers of Earth:
● Explain what caused the Earth’s interior to be separated into 4 main layers.
3) How do ice cores, tree rings & index fossils provide valuable information about the past?
4) Analyze the diagram above (Copy the diagram above into your slides):
● Identify the letter that represents each of the following features:
– Intrusion:
– Unconformity:
– Fault:
● Explain what effect these physical features would have on interpreting the events of the Geologic Time
Scale.
5) Draw a 4-square diagram with the definition and an example for each of the 4 Principles of Natural Selection
● Overproduction, Variation, Adaptation, Selection
6) Describe how each of the following is Evidence for Evolution:
● Fossils, Comparative Anatomy (homologous, analogous, vestigial organs), embryology, genetic similarity
(DNA)
● What is the difference between phenotype and genotype? How can they both be used to determine how
related organisms are?
7) Re-write (literally just copy) the following statement that describes the root cause of evolution, and then
answer the 2 questions that follow:
● Environmental change leads to adaptation 🡪 genes mutate causing variations 🡪 those with the best
variations of traits are selected to survive and produce offspring again with the new adaptations 🡪
populations evolve
● 7A Based on the statement you just wrote, expand it to include what speciation is and how it occurs.
● 7B What are genetic errors called? Explain how they can be an advantage or disadvantage.
Extra Credit: What is the science of biological classification called?
● What are the levels of classification (in order) for all living things on Earth
● How can comparing the biological classifications of 2 organisms tell you how related they are?
Unit 3: Microbiology/Food Energy/Pathogens:
1) List 5 of characteristics of living things.
2) What is the difference between a unicellular and multicellular organism? What is the difference between a
eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell? Which usually goes with which, but what is the exception?
3) Create and complete the chart (example below) with each of the organelles (nucleus, cell membrane,
mitochondria, chloroplasts, vacuole, cell wall).
Name of Organelle
Nucleus
Function of Organelle
Controls the cell and contains its
genetic material (DNA)
4) Advanced cellular processes can be referred to as STERNGRR – identify the process each letter represents,
and then explain the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
5) Complete the following table about the different categories of nutrients.
Type of Nutrient
Carbohydrate
Protein
Fat
Vitamin
Mineral
Fiber
What does your body use this
for?
Types of food it is commonly found in
Water
6) What is a pathogen?
● Copy/remake and complete the chart below for the 4 types of pathogens.
Pathogen:
Diseases it causes:
(at least 2 examples!)
Characteristics:
Treatment
Fungi
Virus
Bacteria
Parasite
7) What does it mean when pathogens are referred to as contagions? What about mutagens?
8) What is the difference between a vector and a carrier?
9) What is the difference between an epidemic & pandemic?
● Can you give an example of each from any point in history?
Extra Credit: List at least 5 factors that make a place more vulnerable to a disease outbreak.
Unit 4: Biotechnology/Ecology/Energy:
1) Give a definition and short example of each of the following biotechnology terms (You don’t have to use the
table below, it is just an example):
Biotechnology Term
Definition
Example
Genetically Modified Organism (GMO)
Artificial Selection (Selective Breeding)
Cloning
Genetic Testing
2)
Give an example for each of how biotechnology is used in the fields of Microbiology, Medicine & Agriculture.
3) What are some pros and cons (at least 2 of each) in the GMO debate?
Choose a specific ecosystem to focus on (examples: rainforest, ocean, desert, etc) and answer all of the
following questions with that ecosystem in mind:
4) Draw an energy pyramid for your ecosystem, and include a few examples of organisms at each level of the
pyramid:
● Label each level of the pyramid as producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, tertiary
consumers.
● Label where the most energy vs. the least energy is found based on the “Rule of 10”
5) Provide examples of the following within your ecosystem:
Biotic factorAbiotic factorAutotrophHeterotrophPopulationNiche of a specific organismDensity-dependent limiting factorDensity-independent limiting factorPredator/prey relationshipCooperationCompetitionParasitismMutualismCommensalismExample of a connection between an aquatic & terrestrial food chain6) How does energy move through an ecosystem vs. how matter moves through an ecosystem?
7) Create a T-chart that gives examples of renewable vs. non-renewable resources
8) List one pro and one con for each of the following energy sources: fossil fuels, hydroelectric, biomass, nuclear,
wind & solar. Focus on important pros and cons like how efficient they are or how they affect the environment
etc.
Extra Credit:
Draw and label the steps of the nitrogen cycle with a brief explanation of each step.
Draw and label the steps of the carbon cycle with a brief explanation of each step.
Unit 5: Hydrosphere:
1) Draw/Create a pie chart to show what percentage of Earth is saltwater and what percentage of Earth is fresh
water.
● Where is MOST of the freshwater on Earth found?
● Draw/create a diagram of the water cycle and include the following things labeled: precipitation,
condensation, transpiration, evaporation, run-off, accumulation, percolation, groundwater,
water table, aquifer, spring, well.
2) Draw and label something that is permeable and something that is impermeable.
● Why is permeable rock necessary for an aquifer to form?
3) Make a vocabulary table for the following properties of water: cohesion, adhesion, polarity, buoyancy,
universal solvent, salinity. (Example of how to create the table below.)
Word
Definition
Picture or Example
4) Create a Venn Diagram for point source pollution and nonpoint source pollution.
● Give at least 2 facts/examples of each type of water pollution on each side of the Venn Diagram.
5) Draw/create the 5 life zones in the ocean and include:
● Paste pictures from online of examples of life forms found in each zone.
● Based on what they are, how do upwelling and downwelling affect ocean life in these zones?
6) Copy the following sentences into your slides and fill in the blanks:
● An _______________ is when salt water from the ocean mixes with __________________ from a
river.
● The 3 main gasses found dissolved in the ocean are _________, _________ & ________.
● Sunlight only penetrates so far through the water, so some organisms use the process of
_____________________ rather than photosynthesis to make energy.
7) What 3 things happen the deeper you go into the ocean?
● How do we use technology to overcome these challenges?
● What have we gained by using technology to explore the ocean?
8) Explain the process of eutrophication – what causes it, what happens during the process & what is the
outcome?
9) Match the following water quality indicators with the correct definition AND copy the indicators and their
definitions into your book:
_____ 1. Temperature
a. The amount of dissolved oxygen in the water
_____ 2. Turbidity
b. An element that can be found in the water that is toxic to humans when they eat contaminated fish
_____ 3. Bio-indicators
c. Tells you how acidic the water is
_____ 4. pH
d. If the water is too hot or too cold, it will harm or kill the living things in the water
_____ 5. Nutrients
e. This indicator is usually good but if there is too much in the water it can become toxic
_____ 6. Dissolved Oxygen
f. The measure of how cloudy the water is due to stuff in it
_____ 7. Mercury
g. These are specific animals that live in the water that can indicate if the water is healthy or not
_____ 8. Coliform bacteria
h. Indicates the presence of fecal matter (poop)
10) How is turbidity related to temperature and dissolved oxygen?
Extra Credit: Describe the steps our wastewater goes through to be cleaned.
● The agency that is in charge of protecting our water, establishing water treatment standards and ensuring
the quality of our drinking water is the
_________________________________________________________. An amendment written by this
agency in the 1970’s called the ____________________________________ specifically helps protect
surface waters by making point source pollution illegal. Doing our part to take care of Earth is known as
________________________.