Scholarly P

My research focus as Family Nurse Practitioner is on reducing the proportion of adults with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) from moderate to mild anxiety in Plainfield, Illinois, so I’m considering the following variables:

• Independent Variable: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) intervention.
• Dependent Variable: Anxiety severity level (measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 [GAD-7] scale).

Discuss the windshield assessment assignment from attached paper. Create the Capstone Project Introduction, and the PICOT Statement based on Healthy People 2023 related to the 3 needs identified , in this assignment the literature review will be completed. Literature review of the topic (summarize at least 5 articles related to the topic). 5 pages apa 7th edition 6 references within 5 years.

PICOT question is a structured way to formulate a clinical research question, using the acronym Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and sometimes Time.

Literature review is a comprehensive summary and critical analysis of existing research on a specific topic, demonstrating your understanding of the field and justifying your research question or thesis.

· Name

Sum23 Major Paper Rubric 100 points

· Description

This rubric will be used to grade your scholarly major paper.

 

· Rubric Detail

	Levels of Achievement
Criteria	Excellent	Good	Fair	Poor
Content  Epidemiology Definition Pathophysiology 15 pts	14 -15 points Identifies the issue and why the topic is important to explore. –Topic interesting, of appropriate breadth for length of paper & an appropriate topic for research. –Support for thesis complex, complete, & in-depth. –Writer involved with subject, not merely doing an assignment. –Clear and appropriate organization, with effective transitions, introduction, and conclusion.	12 – 14 points Topic somewhat broad or narrow for length of paper and /or a questionable topic for research. Support for thesis sufficient, but lacking in depth or complexity. –Organization, transitions, introduction, and conclusion slightly lacking clarity and/or appropriateness.	10-12 points Topic too broad or narrow for length of paper. –Support for thesis is not substantially sufficient. –Organization, transitions, introduction, and conclusion are inconsistent, lacking clarity and depth	0 to 9 points Topic too broad or narrow for length of paper and/or a poor topic for research. –Support for thesis barely sufficient, and/or. –Organization, transitions, introduction, and conclusion lacking clarity and/or appropriateness. Poor transitions, introduction and/or conclusion.
Determinants of Health 10 points	9 to 10 points Determinants of health covered in detail and supported by research. (Political, social, economic and health)	7- 8 points Determinants of health addressed but minimally supported.	5-6 points Determinants of health cited do not support thesis topic or not addressed in any depth.	0 to 4 points Determinants of health not addressed, or are not specific to the topic and are not addressed in any depth.
Quality of Research/Review of Literature 10 pts	9-10 points All components of the paper covered in-depth. Research in depth and beyond the obvious revealing new insights	7-8 points All components of the paper are addressed. Research is evidenced based but reveals few new insights.	5-6 points Components of the paper are incomplete or not addressed in depth or breadth. Majority of research is not evidenced based.	0 to 4 points Review of literature does not directly address research topic. No depth or breadth to the review of literature.
Diagnoses 20 pts	19 -20 points Diagnoses are based on the determinants of health and pathophysiology of the paper’s topic.	17 -18 points Diagnoses are marginally based on the premise of the paper’s topic.	15 – 16 points Diagnoses are generalized and not based on data in the paper but are evidenced based.	0 to 14 points Diagnoses are not specific in nature to the topic of the paper and are not supported in evidenced based literature.
Plan of Care/Interventions 20 pts	19-20 points Management and patient education are evidenced based and specific to the topic of the paper.	17-18 points The majority of management strategies and patient education are evidenced based and related to the topic of the paper.	15-16 points Few management strategies and patient education are evidenced based or are not related to the specific topic of the paper	0 to 14 points Strategies are generic and not specifically related to the content presented in the paper.
Role of the FNP related to the topic chosen 10 pts	9-10 points Synthesizes the role of the FNP into the chosen topic based upon ANCC core competencies. EBP guidelines provide the basis for management	7-8 points Describes the role characteristics of the FNP in relation to the chosen topic. General management strategies identified.	5-6 points Role of FNP addressed but related tangentially to the chosen topic. Management strategies identified but not specific to the topic or referenced from EBP documents.	0 to 4 points Role of FNP superficially addressed, incomplete or inappropriate management strategies addressed. Poor documentation of strategies. No EBP documentation.
Grammar/ Mechanics 5 pts	5 points 2 or less errors in format or punctuation or capitalization. –Consistent and appropriate voice. — Sophisticated and precise word choice. Paragraph size appropriate –No spelling errors. No slang. –No errors in agreement, pronouns/antecedents, or tense.	4 points 4 or less errors in format, punctuation or capitalization. — Voice mostly consistent and appropriate. Lengthy paragraphs — Fairly effective word choice. –No more than 2 spelling errors. –Fewer than 1 errors in agreement, pronouns/antecedents, or tense. —	3 points 6 or less errors in format, punctuation or capitalization. Voice somewhat consistent and appropriate. Lengthy paragraphs. More than 5 spelling errors. –More than 2 errors in agreement, pronouns/antecedents, or tense.	0 points Many errors in format, punctuation or capitalization. Paper fails to flow in a logical sequence. Errors distract from readability.
Bibliography 5pts	4.5-5 points Sources reliable and properly cited. A minimum of 10 references (>6 EBP journal articles. All references correctly cited in the paper and the bibliography. All information relevant to topic.	4-4.5points Sources reliable and properly cited but has secondary references. A minimum of 10 references (<6 EBP journal articles. All references correctly cited in the paper and the bibliography. Information relevant to topic.	3 -3.35 points Sources reliable and properly cited. Articles do not substantially support your topic. 10 references (>6 EBP journal articles. All information relevant to topic.	0 to 2 points Second hand sources and incorrectly cited. Does not have a minimum of 10 references and/ or have less than 6 EBP journal articles. All information relevant to topic.

Community Assessment Windshield Survey

The community window assignment has two parts: Part A and Part B. Make sure you complete both sections.

Part A:

Community Name

What is the name of your community?
Why did you select the above community?

My community is Plainfield, Illinois. I selected Plainfield because I plan to work as a nurse practitioner there, and my clinical practicum for this semester is located there.

Boundaries

Are the boundaries geographical, political, or economic?
Do neighborhoods have names?
Are there sub-communities?
How are these identified?

The boundaries of Plainfield are primarily geographical, marked by natural features and town borders. Political boundaries include the incorporation lines of the Village of Plainfield, while economic boundaries are less defined but influenced by housing and commercial development variations. Plainfield contains neighborhoods with names, such as Downtown Plainfield and the Lakewood Falls area, and sub-communities identified by distinct zoning and housing patterns.

Housing and Zoning

What is the age of the buildings? Are the residences single-family or multifamily dwellings?

The buildings in Plainfield range in age, with a mix of historic structures from the late 19th century and newer residential developments. The housing includes single-family homes, multi-family dwellings, suburban-style neighborhoods, and apartment complexes around commercial hubs.

Signs of Decay

Is the area well-maintained or in disrepair? Is there garbage strewn? Are there trashed/abandoned cars, places for rodents or other wildlife to hide, and vacant lots?

Plainfield is well-maintained, with minimal signs of decay. Most areas are clean and orderly, with little visible garbage. No notable abandoned cars or vacant lots suggest good upkeep, though some older structures show minor wear and tear.

Parks and Recreational Areas

Are there play areas for children and adults? Are they safe and maintained? Is there a Community Center? Who uses them?

Numerous parks, playgrounds, and sports fields are available for community use. These areas, such as Settlers’ Park, are well-maintained and offer safe spaces for children and adults alike. A Community Center provides services and recreational opportunities for all residents, fostering a sense of community.

Common Areas

Where do people gather for social gatherings? Where do they “hang out”? Are they for particular groups, or are they open to all? Are there signs posted?

People gather in common areas like Settlers’ Park, Downtown Plainfield, and various cafes. These areas are open to everyone and often have signs for events, especially around community festivals and markets, creating an inclusive space for social interaction.

Stores

What stores (grocery, retail, drug, dry cleaning, etc.) are in the area? How do residents travel to them?

Plainfield has a variety of stores, including grocery stores, retail outlets, and pharmacies. Residents typically drive to these stores, though some are accessible by biking or walking. Key shopping areas include Downtown Plainfield and Route 59.

Transportation

How do most people get around the area? Is there public transportation? If so, what kind, and does it appear to be used? Who uses it? What is the condition of the streets, roads, and highways?

Most people travel by car, though some public bus transportation is available. Roads and highways, including Route 59 and I-55, are in good condition and heavily used, especially by commuting residents.

Communication

Is there evidence of local and national newspapers reaching out to other media? Are there informational posters on streets, buses, billboards, etc.?

Local and national newspapers, as well as community billboards, are available, providing residents with updates. Community bulletin boards and social media are commonly used to share local information.

Service Centers

What services are available in the community – health care, social services, schools, employment offices, etc.?

Healthcare, educational, and social services are accessible, with several clinics, schools, and social service offices in the area to meet residents’ diverse needs.

People in the Community

Who is in the area during the day? What evidence is there a particular “classes” of people – upper, middle, working, lower?

Plainfield has a mix of middle- and upper-middle-class residents. During the day, one can observe various people, including working professionals, students, and families.

Industries

What are the major industries located in the area? What types of occupations are evident?

Significant industries include retail, education, and healthcare, with many residents commuting to nearby cities for work in these sectors.

Protective Services

Where are fire and police stations located? Is there evidence of police and fire protection in the area?

Plainfield has well-distributed fire and police stations, with visible evidence of active patrols, indicating protective solid services.

Religion

What churches and church-run schools are in the area (denomination)? How many are there in each denomination?

Various churches represent Christian denominations, including Catholic, Lutheran, and Baptist congregations, each with a dedicated space for worship and community events.

Health and Morbidity

Is there evidence of any health problems such as drug/alcohol abuse, communicable or chronic diseases, mental illness (etc.)?

There is some evidence of mental health depression and anxiety, among residents, with healthcare services focusing on prevention and management programs.

Ethnicity

What is the predominant ethnic group? Are there residents from various ethnic backgrounds, or is the community mostly one group? Which one? Are there stores, restaurants, churches, schools, or languages that indicate a particular ethnic group(s)?

Plainfield has a predominantly White population, but there is growing diversity, with residents from Latino, Asian, and African American backgrounds, reflected in some bilingual signage and ethnic restaurants.

Politics

Is there evidence of political activity? Are there any signs that indicate a predominant political party (parties)or concern(s)?

The community shows moderate political activity, with some signs and campaign materials during election periods, reflecting a mix of political leanings without a strong predominance of any single party.

1. Identified Community Needs

1a. Social Need: Transportation

Another social concern identified in Plainfield is the lack of transport. Although most of the community’s inhabitants rely on private cars, the absence of an efficient and integrated public transport system creates hurdles, especially for those with no access to personal automobiles. Lack of access to public transportation hinders the capacity of the residents to get essential services, employment, and health facilities (Wolfe, McDonald & Holmes,

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020). The increase in transport access would benefit the community members who use the public systems as it offers them equal opportunities to access social services.

1b. Economic Need: Employment and Job Opportunities

Plainfield is generally characterized by stable and middle-level income; however, some residents need help finding employment. Thus, such sectors as retail, healthcare, and education generate employment, but there is little local demand for high-skill occupations, causing many workers to travel to other cities for work. Enhancing investment in various economic sectors in Plainfield can help with this need, decreasing reliance on lengthy travel time and promoting the economic growth of Plainfield.

1c. Health Need: Mental Health Depression and Anxiety Management

Some of the common health concerns associated with this establishment include mental health depression and anxiety, which are common among Plainfield residents as they are all over the country. Few individuals in the region interact with mental health specialists when these conditions worsen, which adds to the difficulties experienced in managing them effectively (Damarell, Morgan & Tieman, 2020). Expanding access to mental health services within communities could improve early diagnosis and effective management of these conditions, thereby reducing the severity of complications among affected individuals.

2. Health People 2030 Objectives Related to Chronic Disease Management

In Mental Health, two of the health objectives of Healthy People 2030 are MHMD-02, which seeks to increase the proportion of people with depression who receive treatment, and MHMD-04, which aims to reduce the proportion of adults who report symptoms of anxiety that occur often. These objectives are relevant to the existing need to attend to Plainfield’s mental health needs and offer a solid groundwork for any FNP capstone project. Adopting such interventions could help enhance the positive goals of the community’s mental health and its overall well-being in the future.

3. Social Determinants of Health Impacting Identified Needs

Certain factors known as social determinants of health (SDOH) significantly influence the identified community needs in Plainfield. As for transport, the “neighborhood and built environment” determinant influences the ability to travel to receive healthcare, work, or access other services (Pratt et al., 2022). The lack of a publicly funded transport system means that people who cannot afford a car cannot get a job or access health care. The determinant known as ‘economic stability’ affects employment, as few local jobs put financial pressure on commuters, affecting health (Thorpe et al., 2022). Lastly, the determinant ‘health and healthcare’ for mental health management is a makeup of ‘access to effective health care’ ensuring that residents experiencing depression and anxiety receive timely and appropriate treatment, thus influencing the long-term health of residents, promoting better management of these conditions, and reducing the risk of complications or chronic mental health issues.

4. APRN Roles to Address Community Needs

To improve clinical practice and address the identified community needs, the APRN can adopt the following roles:

Provider

By providing health care services, the APRN would directly impact mental health conditions by providing preventive and curative services. It was determined that highly effective practices for these conditions, including early diagnosis and evidence-based treatments, can make a significant difference for vulnerable communities. The APRN can offer screenings, educate patients about lifestyle changes, and implement care plans. By proactively intervening to assess and manage any mental health conditions before they advance to the extent that the individual cannot manage them, the APRN can gradually decrease the prevalence of unmanaged depression and anxiety among residents in Plainfield, fostering overall community well-being.

Educator

Through community health promotion and education, the APRN, as an educator, can convey important information critical information about mental health conditions such as depression and anxiety. Workshops could be organized to provide residents with knowledge about recognizing symptoms, managing stress, and understanding the role of lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, and medication adherence in maintaining mental wellness (Ambelu & Teferi, 2023). Education initiatives could also encompass areas such as available transport and local employment opportunities and, in the process, influence residents’ health by eliminating anxiety and establishing financial security. In this way, the APRN can facilitate people’s improved health literacy and, thus, promote health-creating lifestyles and preventive measures.

Advocate

An advocate is needed to coordinate policy and funding for transportation and employment. The APRN can work with local government, community leaders, and other stakeholders to advocate for an enhanced public transport system. This is an effective means of advocating for improved availability of healthcare facilities and the community’s job market. Advocacy could also refer to establishing incentives for creating Plainfield-based business establishments, thus creating local employment. Therefore, APRNs can provide input to policymakers to advance changes that would enhance the social and economic context influencing health.

Interdisciplinary Consultant

As an interdisciplinary specialist, the APRN can cooperate with other healthcare workers, social services, and community-based organizations to devise a comprehensive care plan for the population’s health (Fedel & Pennington, 2021). For instance, partnering with counseling centers, fitness programs, and nutrition experts while providing the public with accessible resources for managing depression and anxiety can significantly enhance the community’s mental health and overall well-being. By collaborating with specialists and community stakeholders, the APRN will involve specialists to develop inclusive, integrated care strategies that promote mental health resilience and improve the quality of life for residents.

Researcher

The researcher’s role allows the APRN to participate in advancing research and knowledge-based practices regarding prevalent mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety, and identifying disparities in Plainfield’s service delivery. For example, assessing the effectiveness of current mental health programs can reveal gaps in early diagnosis, treatment accessibility, and support services. Findings can help craft respective interventions that the APRN can submit to stakeholders and appropriately address mental health needs particular to the community.

Administrator

In an administrative capacity, the APRN can coordinate health care or community-based health programs that touch on mental health conditions and transport and economic support programs. For example, the APRN could collaborate with the local health departments at non-profit organizations to conduct and develop programs based on community requirements. Several administrative positions also enable the APRN to assign resources, organize services, and evaluate the results of the implemented plan to reflect the community needs of the interventions.

Conclusion

Plainfield’s abovementioned community needs incorporate general health and socioeconomic concerns such as transportation, employment, and managing mental health conditions. In the context of Healthy People 2030 objectives, utilizing the APRN roles of provider, educator, and advocate can bring about positive change. These needs must, therefore, be met through assertive care, counseling, legal reform support, and cooperation from other providers, all critical elements of health promotion activities in any community of Plainfield. Therefore, the APRN has an opportunity to foster a healthy society whose members are strong enough to withstand adverse incidents.

References

Ambelu, T., & Teferi, G. (2023). The impact of exercise modalities on blood glucose, blood pressure and body composition in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 
BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 
15(1), 153.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13102-023-00762-9

Damarell, R. A., Morgan, D. D., & Tieman, J. J. (2020). General practitioner strategies for managing patients with multimorbidity: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative research. 
BMC Family Practice, 
21, 1-23.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12875-020-01197-8

Fedel, P. R., & Pennington, G. (2021). Clinical nurse specialist collaboration with a community-based palliative care program: an evidence-based practice project. 
Clinical Nurse Specialist, 
35(2), 88-95.

https://journals.lww.com/cns-journal/abstract/2021/03000/clinical_nurse_specialist_collaboration_with_a.9.aspx

Pratt, K. J., Blalock, J., Breslin, L., Kiser, H., Hanks, A., Focht, B. C., … & Needleman, B. (2022). Patient access, utilization, and perceptions of neighborhood and built environment resources. 
Obesity Surgery, 1-12.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11695-021-05788-x

Thorpe, L. E., Chunara, R., Roberts, T., Pantaleo, N., Irvine, C., Conderino, S., … & Spoer, B. (2022). Building public health surveillance 3.0: emerging timely measures of physical, economic, and social environmental conditions affecting health. 
American journal of public health, 
112(10), 1436-1445.

https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/full/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306917

Wolfe, M. K., McDonald, N. C., & Holmes, G. M. (2020). Transportation barriers to health care in the United States: findings from the national health interview survey, 1997–2017. 
American journal of public health, 
110(6), 815-822.

https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/abs/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305579

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