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The trial judge denied BMW’s post-trial motion, holding, inter alia,that the award was not excessive. On appeal, the Alabama Supreme Court also rejected BMW’s claim that the award exceeded the constitutionally permissible amount. The court’s excessiveness inquiry applied the factors articulated inGreen Oil Co. v. Hornsbyand approved in Pacific Mut. Based on its analysis, the court concluded that BMW’s conduct was “reprehensible”; the nondisclosure was profitable for the company; the judgment “would not have a substantial impact upon [BMW’s] financial position”; the litigation had been expensive; no criminal sanctions had been imposed on BMW for the same conduct; the award of nopunitive damages in Yates reflected “the inherent uncertainty of the trial process”; and the punitive award bore a “reasonable relationship” to “the harm that was likely to occur from [BMW’s] conduct as well as . . . the harm that actually occurred

The Alabama Supreme Court did, however, rule in BMW’s favor on one critical point: The court found that the jury improperly computed the amount of punitive damages by multiplying Dr. Gore’s compensatory damages by the number of similar sales in other jurisdictions. Having found the verdict tainted, the court held that “a constitutionally reasonable punitive damages award in this case is $2,000,000and therefore ordered a remittitur in that amount. The court’s discussion of the amount of its remitted award expressly disclaimed any reliance on “acts that occurred in other jurisdictions”; instead, the court explained that it had used a “comparative analysis” that considered Alabama cases, “along with cases from other jurisdictions, involving the sale of an automobile where the seller misrepresented the condition of the vehicle and the jury awarded punitive damages to the purchaser