read then solve

Please examine the accompanying Hominid Form and Function PowerPoint. Download and complete the accompanying exercise

Name:
ANTH-A 103: Human Origins and Prehistory
September 22nd, 2022
Exercise #2: Primate Form and Function
Question 1: Look at the skeletal images provided. Note how the postcranial (body) of primates
and non-primates differ. Think about what you already know about their locomotion and
behavior for clues about how they move and the differences you may see on their skeleton.
Record general observations in the table below.
Non-Primates
Primates
Hands and feet
(Pig and Gorilla)
Claws or nails
(Dog and Lemur)
Clavicle
(Cat and Human)
Pelvis
(Deer and Chimpanzee)
How do the above characteristics suggest the locomotion and posture of primates differ from
non-primates?
Question 2: Mammals typically have four different kinds of teeth: incisors, canines, premolars,
and molars. Examine the teeth of the primates (monkey and human) and non-primates (cow or
pig and dog). Record general observations in the table below.
Non-Primates
Primates
Distinguishing features
of the teeth
(Wolf and Human)
Probable diet
While they all have a mixture of incisors, canines, premolars, and molars, what differences do
you see between the species? (Number of teeth? Shape? Cusp pattern/shape?) What might these
features tell us about their function?
Question 3: The orbit is the bony structure that protects the eye. All living primates have a
complete bony ring around the eye, but the orbit can be either open (postorbital bar) or closed
(postorbital plate) in the back. Examine the orbits and their orientation. What differences do you
see? Look at the foramen magnum: What does this tell you about the typical posture of the
animal? Finally, look at the nasal region. Does this tell you about what senses they use most?
Non-Primates
Eye orbit structure and
orientation
(Cow and Monkey)
Foramen magnum
position
(Human, Chimp, Wolf)
Size and complexity of
nasal region
(Primate and Bear)
Rely more on vision or
smell?
(Primate and Bear)
Primates