Nursing informatics

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Case Study, Chapter

, Introduction to Nursing Informatics: Managing Healthcare Information

As a nurse practicing in today’s healthcare delivery systems, Martha knows she must recognize the role played by informatics and understand the importance of acquiring and utilizing the skills required of nursing and its role in the management of healthcare information. Martha is asked to explain to a new nurse, Richard, the need for all nurses to have basic skills in informatics (Learning Objectives: 2 and 4).

a. What definition of informatics should Martha provide to Richard, and how should she describe the role informatics plays in nursing healthcare delivery?

b. How should Martha explain to Richard the skills the nurse must possess and implement in order to manage healthcare information using informatics?

Chapter 1:
Introduction to Nursing
Informatics: Managing Healthcare Information

Dr. Bridget A. Leonard DNP
NUR 2120- Nursing Informatics
January 10, 2018

Informatics
Use of information technology in healthcare.
Focus on information management, not computers.
Information management is a part of nursing.
Historically: recording and keeping information on paper chart.
Today: well-designed information systems.
Two roles: informatics specialist; clinician who must use health information technology.

Strategic Plan for Health Information Technology
Inform clinical practice with use of electronic health records (EHR).
Interconnect clinicians so that they can exchange health information using advanced and secure electronic communication.
Personalize care with consumer-based health records and better information for consumers.
Improve public health through advanced biosurveillance methods and streamlining the collection of data for quality measurement and research.

Health Informatics
Umbrella term: capture, retrieval, storage, presentation sharing, and use of biomedical information, data, and knowledge for providing care, solving problems, and making decisions
Purpose: improve use of healthcare data, information, and knowledge in supporting patient care, research, and education
Focus: subject and information, not the tool (computer)
Subspecialties (e.g., nursing informatics)

Nursing Informatics
Subspecialty of nursing recognized by the ANA
Focus: information management related to nursing
Acquisition, manipulation, storage, presentation, and use of information
Goals: user-friendly data input; information presented that is timely and useful for clinical nurse
Definition difficult; initial definitions with technology focus; continually evolving definitions
Current practice: capturing data at the point of care and presenting it to facilitate care of an individual patient
Considerations for secondary data; aggregated data

Question
Is the following statement true or false?
Health informatics is a subspecialty under nursing informatics.

Answer
False
Rationale: Health informatics is the umbrella term under which nursing informatics is a subspecialty.

Driving Forces
National forces
Creation of ONC (Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology)and groups to study standardizing terminology
IOM (Institute of Medicine) reports: informatics as a core competency for all healthcare professionals
Nursing forces
National Center for Nursing Research program goals
National Informatics Agenda for Education and Practice
AACN’s (American Assn of Critical-Care Nurses) list of core competencies
ANA (American Nurses Association)
Nursing shortage
TIGER (Technology Informatics Guiding Education Reform) initiative

Driving Forces (cont.)
Other forces
Patient safety
Safety databases
Barcoding for medication administration
QSEN (Quality and Safety Education for Nurses)
Costs
Leapfrog Group

Information Management Tool: Computers
First computerized information management task: numeric manipulation
Use of computers beginning in late 1950s and early 1960s to manage financial information; then a few computerized patient care applications
Early healthcare informatics systems
PROMIS (with POMR: Problem oriented medical record)- Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Systems
Help Evaluation through Logical Processing (HELP) System
System progression
Initially process oriented; now introduction of data standards in terminology and protocols; aggregated data

Benefits of Informatics: Healthcare in General
Improve patient outcomes:
Creating and using aggregated data, preventing errors, easing work conditions, and providing better documentation.
Buried data now usable: provide information about problems, show patterns
Improved communication among all healthcare providers
Easy, quick storage, and retrieval of healthcare records
Saving of time and money with computerization of tasks; easier method for recording charges (no lost charges)

Question
Is the following statement true or false?
Health informatics today is process oriented.

Answer
False
Rationale: Historically, health informatics was process oriented, but today, it focuses on data standards in areas such as terminology and protocols.

Benefits of Informatics: Nursing
Enhances practice and allows nursing science to develop
Improves documentation; decreases time spent on documentation
Uses data for quality control and research due to complete documentation
Builds evidence-based nursing knowledge
Five components to provide evidence-based care
Formulate an answerable question
Find the best available evidence
Appraise the evidence
Implement the evidence
Evaluate the Outcome

Competencies
Four levels of informatics competencies
Beginning nurse has basic information management and computer technology skills.
Experienced nurse is highly skilled at using information management and computer technology to support major area of practice.
Nursing informatics specialist is able to meet information needs of practicing nurses by integrating and applying information, computer, and nursing science.
Informatics innovator conducts informatics research and generates informatics theory.

Competencies (cont.)
Computer fluency
Graphical interfaces
Application programs (word processing, spreadsheets, databases, presentation programs)
Information literacy
Ability to know when information is needed and how to locate, evaluate, and use it effectively
Critical thinking and problem solving
Part of foundation for evidence-based practice

Question
Which of the following would a nurse identify as a benefit of informatics to nursing?
A. Less data to review for quality control
B. More time to permit complete documentation
C. Less communication needed among providers
D. Easier retrieval of healthcare information

Answer
D. Easier retrieval of healthcare information
Rationale: Benefits include easier retrieval of healthcare information, improved documentation with less time spent on documentation, more complete data that can be used for quality control and research, and improved communication among all healthcare providers.

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