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Final
Paper: Research Proposal
Review the Example Research Proposal provided in the course materials. Design a research study on the topic of the study selected in Week One and critiqued in Week Three. Your design should seek to resolve the limitations you identified in the study you critiqued. Your paper must address all of the components required in the “Methods” section of a research proposal:
State the research question and/or hypothesis.
Specify the approach (qualitative or quantitative), research design, sampling strategy, data collection procedures, and data analysis techniques to be used.
If the design is quantitative, also describe the variables, measures, and statistical tests you would use.
Analyze ethical issues that may arise and explain how you would handle these issues.
Your Final Paper must be six to eight pages in length (excluding title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford
Writing Center.
Utilize a minimum of six peer-reviewed sources that were published within the last 10 years, in addition to the textbook, that are documented in APA style as outlined in the Ashford
Writing Center. The sources should consist of the following:
One source should be the article you critiqued in the Week Three assignment.
At least two sources should be about the research methodology you have chosen for your study.
At least one source should be on ethical issues in research.
The remaining sources may be about anything pertinent to your study. In accordance with APA style, all references listed must be cited in the body of the paper.
Required Sections and Subsections (use these headings in your paper)
Introduction – Introduce the research topic, explain why it is important, and present your research question and/or hypothesis.
Literature Review – Summarize the current state of knowledge on your topic, making reference to the findings of previous research studies (including the one you critiqued in Week Three). Briefly analyze and critique these studies and mention the research methods that have previously been used to study the topic. State whether your proposed study is a replication of a previous study or a new approach using methods that have not been used before. Be sure to properly cite all of your sources in APA style.
Methods
Design – Indicate whether your proposed study is qualitative or quantitative in approach. Identify the specific research design, using one of the designs we have studied in Weeks Three through Five, and indicate whether it is experimental or non-experimental. Evaluate your chosen design and explain why you believe this design is appropriate for the topic and how it will provide the information you need to answer the research question. Cite sources on research methodology to support your choices.
Participants – Identify and describe the sampling strategy you would use to recruit participants for your study. Estimate the number of participants you would need and explain why your sampling method is appropriate for your research design and approach.
Procedure/Measures – Apply the scientific method by describing the steps you would use in carrying out your study. Indicate whether you will use any kind of test, questionnaire, or measurement instrument. If using an existing published instrument, provide a brief description and cite your source. If you are creating a questionnaire, survey, or test, describe the types of information you will gather and explain how you would establish the validity and reliability. If you are not using such an instrument, describe how you would collect the data.
Data Analysis – Describe the statistical techniques (if quantitative) or the analysis procedure (if qualitative) you plan to use to analyze the data. Cite at least one source on the chosen analysis technique (from your Week Two assignment).
Ethical Issues – Analyze the impact of ethical concerns on your proposed study, such as confidentiality, deception, informed consent, potential harm to participants, conflict of interest, IRB approval, etc. After analyzing the ethical issues that apply to your research proposal, indicate what you would do to handle these concerns.
Conclusion – Briefly summarize the major points from your paper and reiterate why your proposed study is needed. Writing the Final Paper
The Final Paper:
Must be six to eight double-spaced pages in length, and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Must include a title page with the following:
Title of paper
Student’s name
Course name and number
Instructor’s name
Date submitted
Must begin with an introductory paragraph that has a succinct thesis statement.
Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.
Must end with a conclusion that reaffirms your thesis.
Must use at least six peer-reviewed sources that were published within the last 10 years, in addition to the textbook.
Must document all sources in APA style, as outlined in the Ashford
Writing Center.
Must include a separate reference page, formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Carefully review the Grading Rubric for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.
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Waypoint Assignment Submission
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Click on the Assignment Submission button below. The Waypoint “Student
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Browse for your assignment.
Click Upload.
Confirm that your assignment was successfully submitted by viewing the appropriate week’s assignment tab in Waypoint.
For more detailed instructions, refer to the Waypoint Tutorial.
THESELF MANAGEMENT OF LONGER TERM DEPRESSION 1
Topic: Research Article Identification
Student’s name: Pamela Jackson
Professor’s name: Mirella Brooks
Course title: PSY 325
Institution: Ashford University
Date: 12/18/17
The Self-management of longer term depression: learning from the patient, a qualitative study by Eleni Chambers, Sarah Cook, Anna Thake, Alexis Foster, Sue Shaw, Rebecca Hutten, Glenys Parry and Tom Ricketts
This is a qualitative survey carried out by several authors with the intention of comprehending the manner in which individuals with longer haul depression deal with the sickness, the manner in which services can best back up self-administration and if the standards along with conceptions of the recuperation strategy would be beneficial. The study is making an effort to address the questions on how individuals encountered depression along with what assisted them to self administer (Chambers, Cook, Thake, Foster, Shaw, Hutten, Parry & Ricketts, 2015). This study on the self-management of longer term depression can be associated with biological psychology as a research area in psychology. This is due to the fact that the study entails looking in depth the lives of individuals with continuing depression and how they help themselves to live with it. This is to say that to some extent the study looks into physiological psychology along with health psychology. These two aspects are connected to biological psychology thus making it possible to associate the two.
Ethical issues are unavoidable in the course of carrying out a research, it is therefore advisable that psychologists look into the different ethical issues and considerations that might come up prior to, in the course of and after a research. This study addressed several ethical issues, they comprise of; informed consent; the study team enlightened participants about the survey and what they were aiming to address and giving them the chance to decide whether or not to take part in the study. The second principle was do not harm; this principle was dealt with by the survey team making use of abilities to reduce any probable discomfort or stress in the course of the interview procedure. This is to show that they had the participants’ wellbeing in mind. There was also respect for anonymity and privacy; this ethical issue is highly linked to the privileged of do not harm, esteem for dignity along with honesty. The researchers made this issue achievable by making certain that participants were not forced into giving out their personal details. On top of this, the study team gave room such that the interviews along with audio recording could be halted on the participant’s request. This is a clear indication that they did not want to go against or violate any person’s rights in the course of this survey (Chambers, Cook, Thake, Foster, Shaw, Hutten, Parry & Ricketts, 2015).
I discern that vulnerable groups of people are an ethical issue that applies but was not discussed. Individuals who are known to have been suffering from disconsolation for long periods of time are clearly are known to be vulnerable. This means that they are somehow to some extent not in a position to safeguard their personal privileges along with wellbeing. It also means that they are not capable of giving an informed consent as they can be easily manipulated. The research team ought to have addressed this ethical issue due to the fact that it was dealing with and studying a vulnerable set of individuals.
Another ethical issue that I discern should have been mentioned in the study is; the abilities of the researcher. The surveyors ought to have introduced themselves before the participants and stated their different skills as researchers. This would have acted as a way of assuring the participants that they were dealing with professional researchers and that they were safe in their hands.
Reference
Chambers, E., Cook, S., Thake, A., Foster, A., Shaw, S., Hutten, R., Parry, G., & Ricketts, T. (2015). The self-management of longer-term depression: Learning from the patient, A qualitative study. BMC Psychiatry, 15, 172. doi:10.1186/s12888-015-0550-6
Running Head:
RESEARCH CRITIQUE
1
RESEARCH CRITIQUE 5
Student’s Name: Pamela Jackson
Institutional Affiliations: Ashford University
Course Name: PSY 326
Date: 1/16/18
RESEARCH CRITIQUE
Introduction
According to Taylor (2015), a well-prepared introduction is the first part for the readers to have a better understanding of the background details of the research in the paper. The research paper, The Self-management of longer-term depression: learning from the patient, a qualitative study by Eleni Chambers, Sarah Cook, Anna Thake, Alexis Foster, Sue Shaw, Rebecca Hutten, Glenys Parry and Tom Ricketts includes the majority of this aspects in its introduction though some are not dealt with comprehensively. The work seeks to tackle the following: how patients handle long-haul depression, ways to improve the current services and also look into whether the current standards and conceptions of recovery are helpful.
Additionally, the authors seek to investigate how patient’s role in dealing with long-haul depression. In the first paragraph, the authors had successfully set the stage of the entire paper and generate huge attraction to the readers to read the paper. According to Creswell (2013), a well-structured introduction needs to create the interest to attract the readers in the chosen topic. The four types of the literature review are categorized into instrumental, evaluative exploratory and systematic review result (Adam et al, 2007).
The authors of this work aimed to investigate various issues pertaining the topic of long-haul depression and it is considered as the second type which is evaluative. According to Randolph (2009), the essence of conducting a literature review is to demonstrate the knowledge of an author about a specific area of study which the authors of the above-mentioned work did too little. They should have completely exploited this particular section to make the work perfect. However, the authors take credit for there is no element of bias in their work. This is worth commenting of the authors if the work since eliminating bias in any form of work makes the work give more accurate results and thus help meet the purpose of the research.
Methods
In a study, the methods used in the study determine how effective the results obtained are. Therefore, the methods used in the process of the research should be very appropriate so as to help to ensure that results obtained from the research are more accurate. Theory, paradigm, qualitative method and quantitative method are the major concepts used in research methods but a combination of these concepts provides more accurate, credible and comprehensive information to the problem (Creswell, 2013). The authors of this work, however, used only one design which is the non-experimental design which is preferable for real-life situations and the qualitative approach. They should have been more inclusive in their research designs as this would eventually help produce better and more accurate results.
The authors obtained information through sampling though the number of respondents is not stated. The number of respondents is very important in analyzing the results. They should have therefore included the number of respondents in their work so as to ensure that it is used to calculate and analyze the results for more accuracy. They conducted interviews but were not keen to give the constraints considered, for instance, the respondents must have been in mental state sober enough to identify privacy limits. The results for qualitative method needs advanced skills in the management of data collection and text-driven creativity at the time of write up and analysis (Taylor et al, 2015). According to Fowler (2013), every single part of a survey must be detailed to ensure the accuracy, precision, and credibility but the authors have not precisely arranged the various components of their research methodology. I would suggest that the authors give detailed information on the data collection criteria.
Additionally, a questionnaire with clear instructions will let the participants feel more easy to complete (Cohen et al,2013). Thus, a research method with concise description will get a better answer. In order to overcome the bias of the result findings, researchers should create the survey approaches such as coding and data screening though the authors of this particular work have not touched on (Loomis, 2014). The authors of this particular work should have actually included these survey approaches of coding and data screening to make the work even better.
Ethical Aspects
Ethics is the code guiding the manner in which various tasks are carried out. Ethical aspects are evident everywhere and this work exception. The authors in the second paragraph stated various ethical aspects they consider in order to safeguard the privacy of the respondents. Since the respondents are basically patients suffering from psychological conditions which could compromise their responses and decision-making abilities, the authors addressed issues about consent, the comfort of respondents and conducive environment, respect for confidentiality and anonymity and freedom of expression of the respondents. Though the authors haven’t acknowledged using any approved process in handling the issues there are no breaches of the ethical code. The code of ethics has been commendably been adhered to.
Adhering to the code of ethics must have contributed to a more efficient, effective and reliable research despite some other issues here and there. If the code of ethics had not been adhered to, then the results of the research would have been negatively affected due to bias. This is because if the code of ethics is not adhered to, then bias pops in.The researchers allowed even room for interruption of an audio recording if the respondent got to a point that they felt uneasy participating in the study.
Results
According to Fisher et al (2016), the results or findings section is a place to presents the collected data to the reader but not a place for discussion of the collected data. The authors of the article divert from topic and fail to the results obtained after their research.
Discussion and Conclusion
There must be a purpose for discussion which is to provide the answers for the questions that are mentioned in the introduction and it must be based on the collected data in the results section (Schwabe et al ,2016). Diverting from the collected data will eventually lead to a wrong discussion. This, It is critically important that the discussion section give proper answers to the questions mentioned in the introduction as well as ensure that it is based on collected data in the results section. However, the authors of this piece of work have hardly discussed any findings regarding the initial problem of how patients manage to live with long-haul depression. They should have ensured that they included this information in their discussion section. It would help find the solution for this particular issue.
Besides that, a well-structured discussion should present the limitations, unexpected findings, weaknesses, discrepancies and interpretations of the finding results (Labani et al, 2017). The authors of the article successfully point out limitations such as encounters with some of the vulnerable groups. Additionally, the authors within this area should also indicate any gaps observed during the study. The authors of this article, point various areas especially on the side of ethical issues such as dealing with people with various vulnerabilities. This is important for the next research which should pay attention to how patients deal with depression and the self-administration measures and with the aforementioned issues the research is bound to be more informed. Additionally, in this future study, it is important for the authors to arrange the work systematically for easier understanding.
References
Cohen, L., Manion, L., and Morrison, K., 2013. Research methods in education. Routledge, pp.269-270.
Creswell, J.W., 2013. Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approach. Sage publications, p.108.
Davies, M.B., and Hughes, N., 2014. Doing a successful research project: Using qualitative or quantitative methods. Palgrave Macmillan, p.24.
Fisher, J.P., Jansen, J.A., Johnson, P.C. and Mikos, A.G., 2016. Guidelines for writing a research paper for publication. Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Accessed on, pp.18-10.
Fowler Jr, F.J., 2013. Survey research methods. Sage publications, p.1.
Labani, S., Wadhwa, K. and Asthana, S., 2017. Basic Approach to Data Analysis and Writing of Results and Discussion Sections. MAMC Journal of Medical Sciences, 3(1), p.6.
Schwabe, L., López‐Bendito, G. and Ribeiro, C., 2016. Getting published: how to write a successful neuroscience paper. European Journal of Neuroscience, 43(8), pp.992- 996.
Loomis, J.B., 2014. Strategies for overcoming hypothetical bias in stated preference surveys. Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 39(1), pp.34-46.
Cohen, L., Manion, L., and Morrison, K., 2013. Research methods in education. Routledge, pp.269-270.
Taylor, S.J., Bogdan, R. and DeVault, M., 2015. Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley & Sons, p.3.
