Hum 130

Judaism

Christianity

Islam

Countries of origin

· Canaan

(currently corresponding to Palestine and some areas of Israel, Jordan, and Lebanon)

· Levant

(currently corresponding to Palestine and some areas of Palestine, Israel, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Cyprus, and Turkey

· Arabian Peninsula (Saudi Arabia)

Historical figures and events

Abraham, Hebrews, Moses, King Saul, King Solomon, King David.

· Abraham and the Covenant

· Migration to Egypt

· The Passover, Parting of the Red Sea

· Establishment of the nation of Israel at Mt. Sinai

· Moses and the Covenant, the Law or Commandments

· Building of the Temple Mount

· Destruction of the Temple Mount and Building of Second temple

· The Crusades

· The Holocaust

Jesus Christ and His 12 Disciples, St. Paul and the Apostles, Virgin Mary and St. Joseph, the Three Kings, Constantine the Great

· The Immaculate Conception and birth of Jesus

· The Nativity

· The Miracles of Jesus

· The persecution, crucifixion, death, resurrection, and the ascension of Jesus to heaven

· The Descent of the Holy Spirit

· The Assumption of Virgin Mary.

Prophet Muhammad and the Caliphates.

· -Prophet Ibrahim’s building of the stone altar (Kabbah)

· Hagars’ plight in Saffa and Marwa and the formation of the fountain that became the source of the zamzam water.

· Revelation from God through angel Gabriel

· The Prophets’ emigration to Medina, the triumphant return to Mecca, and the stay in Muzdalifah.

· Pilgrimage to Mecca.

Central beliefs

· Belief in single all powerful God, the creator and ruler of Universe and the source of moral law of humanity

· Belief in God’s Commandments

· Belief in the Covenant with God

· Belief in the Coming of the Messiah

· Belief in one and only God

· Belief in Holy Trinity – One God in three Persons (God the Father, God the Son, God the Holy Spirit)

· Belief in Jesus as the Human and Divine Messiah, the Savior of the world.

· Belief in the Words of God.

· Belief in the Day of Judgment and the Second Coming of the Messiah

· Belief on absolute unity of God – Allah

· Belief in angels

· Belief in lines of God’s prophets and Prophet Muhammad is the last.

· Belief on Holy Book – Quran

· Belief in the Final Judgment

Nature of God

· One strong, omnipotent, incorporeal God

· Three persons in One God – God the Father, God the Son- Jesus Christ, and God the Holy spirit

· There is only One God – Allah assigned with 99 names.

Texts

· Tanakh

· Talmud

· The Holy Bible – the Old Testaments and the New Testaments

· Holy Quran

· Sunnah

Ritual and practice

· Celebration of High Festivals

· Pilgrimage festivals

· Hanukkah, Purim, Shavuot, Sukkot

· Shabbat or rest day

· Worship and prayer recitation

· Attending synagogues

· Brit Millah

· Bar/Bat Mitzvah

· Age passage rituals and female ritual bath

· Marriage, death, and mourning rites

· Ritual slaughtering and eating Kosher (permissible) foods

· The Holy Sacraments

(Baptism, Confirmation, Confession, Eucharist or Holy Communion, Matrimony, Anointing of the sick)

· Church and Holy Mass attendance.

· Holy Rosary, angelus, novena prayers.

· Evangelization, prayer meeting, social ministry

· Daily Prayers (5 times)

· Friday congregational prayers

· Fasting during Ramadan and other days

· Paying zakkah (taxes)

· Visiting Black stone (Kabbah) in Mecca and the mosque of the Prophet in Medina (trip called Umra)

· Eating Halal (permissible) foods and drinks.

· Avoiding haram (forbidden) things and activities.

· Going to Mosques

· Compulsory male circumcision

· Wearing Hijab or head scarf (women)

Ethics and morality

· Full and humble submission to God.

· Acting according to God’s moral law of humanity.

· Living life with Christ as example

· Living a moral life guided by the God’s Commandment.

· Respect in the sanctity of life.

· Ethics is based on articles of faith.

· Morality is influenced by an impulse to do good.

· Behavior guided by principle of virtuous deeds

· Legal and moral system guided by Islamic principles

· Upholds piety and humility.