hi

2 pages please without questions

TECH393 – Technology in World Civilization

Department of Engineering and Design

Eastern Washington University

Winter Quarter 2013

Project 2 (55Points)

For this project, please pick either Option A or Option B.

Write your answers to the following questions in Short Essay Format. Be sure to include reasons and facts as required to support your answers. Total length of response for this assignment needs to be a minimum of 2 full pages; maximum response is 3 pages. Use MS Word or its equivalent.

Option A.

Background:

The “computer revolution” is here. The changes these machines are bringing to society are profound, if not revolutionary. Moreover, like many previous revolutions, the computer revolution is happening very quickly. The computer as defined today did not exist in 1950. Before World War II, the word computer meant a human being who worked at a desk with a calculating machine, or something built by a physics professor to solve a particular problem, used once or twice, and then retired to a basement storeroom. Modern computers – machines that do a wide variety of things, many having little to do with mathematics or physics – emerged after World War II from the work of a dozen or so individuals in England, Germany, and the United States. The “revolution,” however one may define it, began only when their work became better known and appreciated.

These perceptions, which lay behind the widely held belief that computers would never find more than a limited (though important) market in the industrialized world, came mainly from looking at the new invention strictly in the context of what it was replacing: calculating machines and their human operators. That context was what limited the pioneers’ vision.

Whenever a new technology is born, few see its ultimate place in society. The inventors of radio did not foresee its use for broadcasting entertainment, sports, and news; they saw it as a telegraph without wires. The early builders of automobiles did not see an age of “automobiles”; they saw a “horseless carriage.” Likewise, the computer’s inventors perceived its role in future society in terms of the functions it was specifically replacing in contemporary society. The predictions that they made about potential applications for the new invention had to come from the context of “computing” as they knew of. Though they recognized the electronic computer’s novelty, they did not see how it would permit operations fundamentally different from those performed by human computers.

Assignment: Your challenge is to imagine the dynamics of an emerging technology.

First, pick a current emerging high technology trend (innovation, invention, or gadget) that would utilize some new application of knowledge or scientific discovery. Then discuss, using your own opinion, what the ultimate uses of that technology might be? How will the impact of that technology affect civilization and life as we know it? What differences will it make? How might the evolution of that technology change social, political, and economic conditions? What beneficial effects or harmful effects will result? Look into the future and imagine the changes that might result from the use of that new technology.

Option B.

Background:

Historically when we talk about the effects of technology upon society, we speak of the golden spike, Kitty Hawk, UNIVAC, the horseless carriage, The Bomb – events somewhat removed from our personal knowledge and experience. But during the 19th century and early 20th century important interactions between technology and society took place closer to home, indeed in the home, at play, and where we work. This technological revolution, transformed our daily lives in a myriad of ways, new ideas led to new inventions, new technologies and to new products and gadgets.

“Everything that can be invented has been invented.” proclaimed Charles Duell, director of the U.S. Patent office, arguing in 1899 for the closure of his department. It seems he was wrong. The U.S. Patent Office is still busy, in fact busier than ever. (There still seems to be plenty of new ideas.)

Assignment: Answer the following two questions. Here is your opportunity to be creative and invent:

1. Innovation is nothing more than finding a better way to do something. Choose an everyday job that you dislike, but must perform, and be innovative in discovering a new way to accomplish the same task.

2. If you had the resources and the time, what innovation, invention (technology) or gadget would you create? Why?

Formatting:

Text Size: All of the text in this assignment needs to be set in 12-point size. Please resist the temptation to mix and match point sizes. If you doubt your applications intentions, just select all of your text and insure that it is in 12-point size.

Double Spacing: For this class select all of your text and set it for double spacing. This includes the name block, title and body of your work. This allows space for marking up or making notes while I am reviewing what you have written.

Margins: One-inch margins mean one (1”) on all sides. The only text that ends up on the outside of the one-inch margin is the page number.

Name Block: Place the name block in the
upper right
corner of the page. In this class, the name block only needs to be on the first page. Put your
name first
, then the
class title
and then the
date
. Example:

Your Name

TECH 393 Technology in World Civilization

February 7, 2013

Title: All homework assignments have a title. Please place the title just below the name block. The title
for this
assignment is “Project 2, Option A or Option B”. Please don’t make me guess which option you chose.

Spelling/Grammar Checking: Remember to do your spelling and grammar checking before turning your assignments in. When doing the spelling/grammar checking keep in mind that some words such as mush and must, woods and words, or here and cow, will not be caught by either check. To correct these problems, you will need to proofread your work.

Paragraphs: The first word of the first sentence in a paragraph needs to be indented. At the end of a paragraph, do not insert an extra blank line. The indentation serves as the visual clue that there is a new paragraph.

Page Numbers: Any homework that has more than one page, needs to have page numbers on it. Please place your page numbers on the bottom of the page. In MS Word, use the footer selection and place the page number
in
the
bottom

center
or
bottom right
of the page.

Content:

Opinion: When a question asks for your opinion, its answer is exactly that –
your opinion
. Feel free to use
your own
opinion.

Stating the Question before Answering It: While some reports require that you state the question before your answer, please refrain from this in
this class
.

Short Essay Format

Short essay format is a format that requires at least 2 paragraphs for each answer. Please remember that a paragraph is not just one, two, or three sentences in length.

Saving & Naming Your File for Blackboard:

When you save your file, make sure that your name and the project number are included in it. Due time for blackboard turn in is 11:59 PM on the due date.

Example: YourName393Proj2

Because of problems with Blackboard, please use only letters and numbers in the file name.

Due Date: February 7, 2013.

Revised 1/15/2013 EC Day, 11:00 AM Page 1

Revised
1
/
15
/201
3

EC

Day, 1
1
:00 A
M

Page
1

TECH 393
–

Technology in World Civilization

Department of Engineering and Design

Eastern Washington University

W
inter

Quarter 201
3

Project

2

(
55
Points)

For this project, please pick either
Option A

or
Option B
.

Write your answers to the following questions in
Short Essay Format
. Be sure to include
reasons and facts as required to support your answers
.

Total length of response for this
assignment needs to be a
minimum of 2
full
pages
;
maximum

response is
3

pages
.

Use
MS
Word or its equivalent.

Option A.

Background:

The “
computer revolution
”

is here. The changes these machines are bringing to society are
profound, if not revo
lutionary. Moreover, like many previous revolutions, the computer
revolution is hap
penin
g very quickly. The computer as defined today did not exist in
1950.
Before World War II, the word
computer
meant a human being who worked at a desk with a
calculating machine, or something built by a physics professor to solve a particular problem,
used o
nce or twice, and then retired to a basement store
room. Modern computers
–

machines that
do a wide variety of things, many having little to do with mathematics or physics
–

emerged after
World War II from the work of a dozen or so individuals in England,
Germany, and the United
States. The “revolution,” however one may define it, began only when their work became better
known and appreciated.

These perceptions, which lay behind the widely held belief that computers would never find
more than a limited (th
ough important) market in the industri
alized world, came mainly from
looking at the new invention strictly in the con
text of what it was replacing: calculating machines
and their human operators. That context was what limited the pioneers’ vision.

Whene
ver a new technology is born, few see its ultimate place in society. The inventors of radio
did not foresee its use for broadcasting entertainment, sports, and news; they saw it as a telegraph
without wires. The early builders of auto
mobiles did not see a
n age of ”
automobiles
“; they saw a
“horseless carriage.” Likewise, the computer’s inventors perceived its role in future society in
terms of

the functions it was specifically replacing in contemporary society. The predic
tions that
they made about potentia
l applications for the new invention had to come from the context of
“computing”
as

they knew

of
. Though they recognized the electronic computer’s novelty, they
did not see how it would per
mit opera
tions fundamentally di
fferent from those performed by
hum
an computers.