Health Policy stakeholdera

stake▪holder (stâk’hô­l’dər), noun

1. One who is entrusted with the stakes of bettors in a wager
2. One that has a share or an interest in a venture, business, or movement
3. One who is involved in or affected by a course of action

Health  policy stakeholders can be defined in many ways. Depending on your  individual perspective, one might use each of the definitions given  above to describe the role of a stakeholder to health care policy.
 

As  one of the largest sectors of the U.S. economy, as well as one of the  single largest line items in federal and state budgets, health care is a  huge financial concern for the citizenry. The future of many of the  nation’s most popular social programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid,  along with the health of millions, hangs in the balance as government  agencies, private industry, political organizations, think tanks,  coalitions, and individuals grapple with health policy issues.
 

To prepare  for this Discussion, consider this week’s Learning Resources. Select a  health care stakeholder from the Health Policy Stakeholder Table located  in the Learning Resources area. {The Health Policy stakeholder has been attached as a document so you can select one }.
 

By Day 4, post a comprehensive response to the following: 300-400 words

• Briefly describe the health policy stakeholder that you selected.
• Expand on the role of the stakeholder you selected by explaining their specific interests.
• Describe how they can influence policy.
• Explain the specific focus of their policy efforts.

List of website to finds resources as instructed by the instructor

1. http://www.ihi.org/Pages/default.aspx

2. https://www.healthaffairs.org/topics

3. https://www.kff.org/

4. https://www.rwjf.org/

Health Policy Stakeholder Table

Stakeholder	Role
Consumer	Receiver of services/care
Provider	Organizations, facilities and individual practitioners who provide health services
Employer	Private and government employers who purchase health insurance and benefits coverage for their employees and dependents
Insurer	Companies licensed to do business as a health insurer or managed care company that arranges for and pays for services, in whole or part, to covered individuals
Government (as payer)	Provide health services coverage for certain categories of individuals ( beneficiaries ) such as Medicare, Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Programs
Government (as regulator)	Review facilities and individual practitioners to determine conformance with federal and state laws, and issue licenses; develops and implements rules and regulations to implement law; provides information to inform public
Accrediting Body	Organizations that review and accredit health facilities and health insurance plans, such as Joint Commission and NCQA
Professional Association/Special interest Group	Organizations that advocate for and represent the interests of its members, such as American Medical Association, American Association of Retired Persons
Pharmaceutical Company	Research, develop and distribute medications and prescription drugs
Medical supplier and medical equipment firm	Manufacture and distribute materials, supplies and medical equipment
Legislative Entity	State and federal legislative bodies, such as Congress and state Assemblies and legislatures, who pass laws

BLOG POST | NOVEMBER 15, 2017 AT 11:15 AM | BY

Senate leaders’ new version of their tax bill adds a provision repealing the Affordable Care Act’s individual
mandate, the requirement that most people enroll in health insurance coverage or pay a penalty. The revised
Senate bill also sunsets most of its individual income tax cuts after 2025, to comply with Senate rules that
prohibit bills considered under fast-track “reconciliation” procedures from increasing long-term budget
deGcits. But the revised bill maintains a permanent cut in the corporate tax rate, from 35 percent to 20
percent. The savings from individual mandate repeal would pay for about one-third of that permanent rate
cut, Joint Committee on Taxation (JCT) estimates show.

Eliminating the individual mandate would:

Increase the number of Americans without health insurance by millions starting in 2019, when the
individual mandate would be repealed, and by 13 million in 2027, according to recent Congressional
Budget OTce (CBO) estimates. That would increase the uninsured rate for non-elderly Americans from
about 11 percent to about 16 percent.

Increase individual market premiums by about 10 percent, according to CBO. That amounts to a
premium increase of hundreds of dollars per year for about 7 million mostly middle-income consumers
— and over $1,000 per year for many older people.

Create further instability for the individual market, especially in the near term. Substantial declines in
enrollment and much greater uncertainty and confusion would make it harder for insurers to forecast
their risk pools. Some might opt to exit the market altogether. 

As we’ve explained, the savings from eliminating the mandate would come entirely from reducing health
coverage. For example, the federal government would spend less on premium tax credits because fewer
people would sign up for marketplace coverage, less on Medicaid because fewer people would enroll, and
less on the tax exclusion for employer-sponsored health insurance because fewer employees would enroll in
job-based coverage.

Senate Tax Bill Would Add 13 Million to Uninsured to Pay
for Tax Cuts of Nearly $100,000 Per Year for the Top 0.1
Percent

AVIVA ARON-DINE

Senate Tax Bill Would Add 13 Million to Uninsured to Pay for Tax … https://www.cbpp.org/blog/senate-tax-bill-would-add-13-million-to-…

1 of 2 1/10/18, 11:25 AM

TOPICS: Federal Tax, Health, Health Reform

These savings are what let Senate leaders make their full corporate rate cut permanent. Without repeal of the
individual mandate, the long-term costs of the corporate rate cut ($171 billion in 2027 alone) would have
exceeded the savings from the bill’s offsetting revenue raisers, even after Senate Republicans modiGed their
bill to have its individual income tax cuts expire after 2025. This math problem seems to have been a key part
of the motivation for adding individual mandate repeal to the bill. With savings of $53 billion in 2027, the
provision pays for making about one-third (about 4.7 percentage points) of the corporate rate cut permanent.
Other provisions in the bill would cover the rest of the cost.

The beneGts of corporate rate cuts go overwhelmingly to high-income households. Based on Tax Policy
Center estimates (which are similar to those from the Treasury Department and JCT), we estimate that by
2027 a 4.7-percentage-point corporate rate cut would provide annual tax cuts worth an average of:

$14,890 for households with incomes over $1 million; and

$94,540 for households in the top 0.1 percent (those with incomes over $3.1 million in 2017).

By contrast, a 4.7-percentage-point cut in the corporate rate would be worth an average of just $120 for
households in the middle Gfth of the income distribution. Individual income tax provisions meant to beneGt
middle-class families would expire after 2025 in the revised Senate bill, even as the corporate rate cut,
individual mandate repeal, and an individual income tax change that increases taxes across the income
distribution, including for middle-class families, would be permanent.

The congressional tax bills’ tradeoffs were already stark: deGcit-Gnanced tax cuts sharply skewed to the
highest-income households would ultimately have to be paid for with budget cuts or tax increases likely to
harm low- and middle-income households. But these tradeoffs are now even clearer: 13 million Americans
would become uninsured to Gnance tax cuts of nearly $100,000 for those at the very top of the income scale.

Senate Tax Bill Would Add 13 Million to Uninsured to Pay for Tax … https://www.cbpp.org/blog/senate-tax-bill-would-add-13-million-to-…

2 of 2 1/10/18, 11:25 AM