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Research Outline: Paying College Athletes is a Mistake

By: Katie Lewis

I. Introduction: Thesis

A current debate in the college football and basketball world today is whether or not college athletes should be paid to play or not. From the extensive research conducted on this issue; college athletes should not be paid to play due to the amateur nature presented throughout young college athletes, and the several issues it poses to smaller colleges.

II. First Issue: Scandals within the colleges and the threat to smaller colleges
A. Scandals within the college football and basketball leagues present to show the amateur nature within these young players and even some coaches.
“Scandals abound, from recruiting violations to paying players to the cover-up of criminal offenses at Penn State University (McClatchy, pp.5-6).”

B. One alternative suggested to pay players is allowing an extra stipend for their playing abilities. This would in no doubt harm the smaller named colleges.
“The biggest issue for the big five conferences is paying players a small stipend in addition to room, board and tuition. The larger schools favor the idea, but haven’t been able to get it approved by the NCAA because of opposition by smaller schools, which argue they can’t afford the additional cost (McClatchy, pp. 5-6).”

III. Second Issue: Creating a minor league for college sports
A. Breaking apart college sports into minor league’s would not only be detrimental to the smaller colleges, but the big name colleges as well due to players not receiving a college education leading to layoffs of professors.
“One of the ideas I’ve come to champion is the establishment of a kind of superleague, consisting of marquee names like Kentucky, Alabama, Notre Dame, Michigan, U.C.L.A. and the like: maybe 72 or so football teams and 100-plus basketball teams. These teams would openly serve as the minor leagues for professional football and basketball. The players would get wages. They could get an education if they chose — and that would be a good thing, of course — but there would be no more pretending that football players were actually students first. I know that education purists hate this idea, but it has the benefit of dealing with reality — a reality that is unlikely to change given the immense popularity of college sports (Nocera, pp.3).”
B. Creating a minor league would also cause a massive shift in the football tiers.
“If the big five conferences break away, the impact will be felt throughout college sports. It would force some schools that currently field teams in the top tier of college football to drop to the second tier. It could also mean less revenue-sharing money for some of the smaller schools. There are also smaller schools in the top five conferences that might have difficulty competing financially with the bigger schools (McClatchy, pp.10).”

IV. Third Issue: College Education
A. Receiving a college education is more important in today’s economy verses worrying about paying college athletes to play sports.
. “Only a tiny minority will ever make a living competing in professional sports. The four major sports employ fewer than 5,000 people at the major league level. According to the National Football League Players Association, the average NFL career is now 3.3 years. Moreover, most of these college athletes will end up working in a career unrelated to their athletic prowess or requiring substantial additional skills. The truth is most Division I athletes are fortunate that they received their degree or made substantial progress toward it while competing athletically. (Florida Times Union, pp. 29-32).”
B. College athletes receive more than enough accommodations and are not over worked or underpaid in any shape or form.
“Neither is university scholarship athletes “overworked” or “underpaid.” Despite some abuses and irregularities, scholarship programs benefit both students and universities. The students receive substantial financial rewards to be used for educational expenses, enhancing their growth and development. Universities enrich their campus life through athletic discipline, achievement and esprit de corps (Florida Times Union, pp. 35-38).”

Conclusion
Overall, college athletes receive more than their fair share of “free” money for their playing and hard work, and to pay them would only lead the players to false hopes and failure.

References
Allen Sack Christian, S. M. (2008, Mar 16). College athletes are students first and should not be paid. Deseret News. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/docview/351615303?accountid=13931.
Boren, C. (2013, Aug 06). Johnny manziel accepted money for autographs, report says (posted 2013-08-06 02:46:08). The Washington Post. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/docview/1417787896?accountid=13931.
College athletes need fair treatment. (2013, Aug 06). Bozeman Daily Chronicle. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/docview/1417958274?accountid=13931.
EDITORIAL: Should college athletes get paid? (2011, Sep 21). McClatchy – Tribune Business News. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/docview/893136457?accountid=13931.
EDITORIAL: College sports have their own pay-to-play issue. (2013, Aug 04). McClatchy – Tribune Business News. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/docview/1417339398?accountid=13931.
Kenneth, J. C. (2011). Should college athletes be paid to play? Diverse Issues in Higher Education, 28(10), 12-13. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/docview/874652804?accountid=13931.
March madness – should college athletes get paid? (2013, Mar 26). PR Newswire. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/docview/1319493943?accountid=13931.
Nocera, J. (2013, Aug 06). The plot to rule college sports. New York Times. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/docview/1417816171?accountid=13931.
PRO & CON. (2013, Jul 02). Florida Times Union. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/docview/1376140979?accountid=13931.

By Jessica Carter

Drug Testing for Welfare

I. Thesis Statement/ Introduction
Should welfare applicants be drug tested before receiving assistance? Some think it’s a good idea and saves money, while other people think this is not the case.

II. Main Point: Against Drug Testing
It wastes more money than it saves.
It gets paid for by the applicants; if they pass they get reimbursed.
Most applicants pass.

II. Main Point: Against Drug Testing cont.
The drug testing is supposed to reduce the number of drug users.

II. Main Point: Against Drug Testing cont.
C. The drug testing bills are causing lawsuits.
Some claim it is stereotyping to have welfare applicants get drug tested.
Some claim it violates the Fourth amendment.

II. Main Point: Against Drug Testing cont.
D. To pass a bill, there needs to be more study done.
What is done about the people who fail the drug tests?
What happens to the children of people who fail the drug tests?

III. Main Point: For Drug Testing
“Welfare is a privilege, not a right.” (Yee, 2012)

III. Main Point: For Drug Testing cont.
By not drug testing, we are condoning illegal behavior.

III. Main Point: For Drug Testing cont.
If people seeking jobs get drug tested, so should people seeking government assistance.

Conclusion
Drug testing welfare applicants sounds like a good idea, but more consideration needs to be take before passing any laws.

References
Alvarez, L. (April 18, 2012). No savings are found from welfare drug tests. New York Times. Retrieved from http://sks.sirs.com.xy4gz9ms3x.useaccesscontrol.com/cgi-bin/hst-article-display?id=SSERSOL-0-8492&artno=0000340649&type=ART&shfilter=U&key=&title=No%20Savings%20Are%20Found%20from%20Welfare%20Drug%20Tests&res=Y&ren=Y&gov=Y&lnk=Y&ic=Y
Evansville Courier and Press. (May 6, 2013). Welfare/ Drug test bill needs further study. Retrieved from http://elibrary.bigchalk.com.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/elibweb/elib/do/document?set=search&dictionaryClick=&secondaryNav=&groupid=1&requestid=lib_standard&resultid=8&edition=&ts=84A91B230E26C7F90B14FDE16B14E8A7_1375811720302&start=1&publicationId=&urn=urn%3Abigchalk%3AUS%3BBCLib%3Bdocument%3B216093758
Higgins, J. (February 3, 2013). Welfare drug test results trickle in; Township numbers high. Evansville Courier and Press. Retrieved from http://elibrary.bigchalk.com.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/elibweb/elib/do/document?set=search&dictionaryClick=&secondaryNav=&groupid=1&requestid=lib_standard&resultid=2&edition=&ts=DC164271670463E3925BBBD3B5A9B3EA_1375554605351&start=1&publicationId=&urn=urn%3Abigchalk%3AUS%3BBCLib%3Bdocument%3B212914750

References cont.
Kam, D. (February 27, 2013). Welfare drug testing to high court?. Palm Beach Post. Retrieved from http://sks.sirs.com.xy4gz9ms3x.useaccesscontrol.com/cgi-bin/hst-article-display?id=SSERSOL-0-8492&artno=0000350214&type=ART&shfilter=U&key=&title=Welfare%20Drug%20Testing%20to%20High%20Court%3F&res=Y&ren=Y&gov=Y&lnk=Y&ic=Y
Khalek, R. (September, 2009). New drug tests target the poor. In These Times. Retrieved from http://sks.sirs.com.xy4gz9ms3x.useaccesscontrol.com/cgi-bin/hst-article-display?id=SSERSOL-0-8492&artno=0000317157&type=ART&shfilter=U&key=&title=New%20Drug%20Tests%20Target%20the%20Poor&res=Y&ren=Y&gov=Y&lnk=Y&ic=Y
McKitrick, C. (July 11, 2013). $26,000 spent to check welfare seekers for drugs. The Salt Lake Tribune. Retrieved from http://elibrary.bigchalk.com.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/elibweb/elib/do/document?set=search&dictionaryClick=&secondaryNav=&groupid=1&requestid=lib_standard&resultid=21&edition=&ts=DC164271670463E3925BBBD3B5A9B3EA_1375554605351&start=1&publicationId=&urn=urn%3Abigchalk%3AUS%3BBCLib%3Bdocument%3B217867883

References cont.
USA Today. (March 19, 2012). Drug tests for welfare applicants produce less than meets the eye. Retrieved from http://sks.sirs.com.xy4gz9ms3x.useaccesscontrol.com/cgi-bin/hst-article-display?id=SSERSOL-0-8492&artno=0000340322&type=ART&shfilter=U&key=&title=Drug%20Tests%20for%20Welfare%20Applicants%20Produce%20Less%20Than%20Meets%20the%20Eye&res=Y&ren=Y&gov=Y&lnk=Y&ic=Y
Yee, K. (March 19, 2012). No drug test, no welfare. USA Today. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/docview/928954333/fulltext?accountid=13931

ENG2001 Composition III

Evaluation Criteria for Preliminary Powerpoint

Includes a title slide that lists the author’s name, a second slide that briefly introduces the topic and thesis, several slides that provide support for the thesis,

and, at the end, a slide that concisely states the conclusion.

Each slide illustrates a single point or idea.

Title slide contains five or fewer words (excluding the author’s name).

Message slides have no more than seven lines with seven or fewer words per line and, if bullets are used, there are no more than 3 to 5 one-line bullets on a slide.

Data slides are not crowded and if they use a black and white color scheme, the font is white on a black background.

The color scheme is simple and consistent, with light colors, such as white and yellow, on a dark background.

The font is large and legible. Text uses 32-point font. Headings use all caps and

40-point font.

Spaces between lines are at least the height of an upper case letter.

Graphics, if used, have an obvious connection to the text and contribute to achieving the author’s objectives. There are no “bells and whistles” or other distractions.

Slides are free of spelling and grammatical errors.

Information is accurate and meets the criteria used to include or exclude content in persuasive essays.

A reference slide formatted to APA standard is included after the Conclusion slide.