For this paper, you will write a dialogue between you and an imaginary Socrates. You will debate the question of free will versus determinism. Remember that the Socratic Method involves asking a series of questions to clarify key words and ideas. In your dialogue, the imaginary Socrates should be asking clarifying questions, and you will be answering them. Please refer to the excerpt from Plato’s Meno as an example (below). This paper should be 4–6 pages.
Your dialogue should address the following questions:
- What is the definition of determinism?
- What is the definition of free will?
- Do you agree that every event has an explanatory cause?
- How do you define event?
- How do you define explanatory cause?
- Do you agree that every human choice or event has an explanatory cause?
- How do you define human choice? How do you definite human event? Are they different?
- Do you agree that to have an explanatory cause is to not be free?
- How do you define free?
- Do you think that free will and determinism can coexist in any way?
- Is it possible to have external determinism and internal free will?
To have cohesion and reach solid conclusions, your imaginary Socrates will probably ask you more questions than the ones listed above. Be sure to include all of the above ideas in your dialogue.
Your dialogue should also include all of the following:
- Use of the Socratic Method to form all conclusions (this will be achieved by the question and answer dialogue between you and the imaginary Socrates)
- Clear and concise language, using proper spelling, grammar, and punctuation
- Correct definitions of free will and determinism
- Logical explanations and valid reasoning for each conclusion
- Clear answers to each question with a definite stance or positionYou must reach a conclusive answer to each question
- 4–6 pages in length
The following is an excerpt from Plato’s Meno (Soccio, 1995):
Socrates: …Do not all men…desire the good?Meno: I think not.Socrates: There are some who desire evil?Meno: Yes.Socrates: Do you mean that they think the evils which they desire, to be good; or do they know that they are evil and yet desire them?Meno: Both, I think.Socrates: And do you really imagine, Meno, that a man knows evils to be evils and desires them notwithstanding?Meno: Certainly I do.Socrates: And desire is [for] possession?Meno: Yes, [for] possession…Socrates: Well, and do those who, as they say, desire evils, and think that evils are hurtful to the possessor of them, know that they will be hurt by them?Meno: They must know it.Socrates: And must they not suppose that those who are hurt are miserable in proportion to the hurt which is inflicted upon them?Meno: How can it be otherwise?Socrates: But are not the miserable ill-fated?Meno: Yes, indeed.Socrates: And does any one desire to be miserable and ill-fated?Meno: I should say not, Socrates.Socrates: But if there is no one who desires to be miserable, there is no one, Meno, who desires evil; for what is misery but the desire and possession of evil?Meno: That appears to be the truth, Socrates, and I admit that nobody desires evil Here is what I have so far.Socrates: What is the definition of determinism?me: The belief that a person’s actions are dependent on their environment orcircumstances. There is no freedom.Socrates: What is the definition of free will?me: The ability of a person to choose from different options.Socrates: Do you agree that every event has an explanatory cause?me: SometimesSocrates:me:Socrates: How do you define event?me: Things that happen.Socrates: Are things that happen free will?me:Socrates: How do you define explanatory cause?me: That there is a cause for all events.Socrates: Do you believe that all events have causes?me: Yes.Socrates:Socrates: Do you agree that every human choice or event has an explanatory cause?me: No.Socrates: Socrates: How do you define human choice? How do you definite human event? Are theydifferent?me: A human choice is when a person has options and chooses one of them. A humanevent is a something that happens in a human’s life. Yes.Socrates: Do you agree that to have an explanatory cause is to not be free?me: No.Socrates:Socrates: How do you define free?me: Having the freedom to make choices in one’s life.Socrates: Do you think that free will and determinism can coexist in any way?me: Yes.Socrates:me:Socrates: Is it possible to have external determinism and internal free will?me: Yes.
Question 1 |
The trial balance columns of the worksheet for Cajon Company at June 30, 2014, are as follows.
CAJON COMPANY |
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Trial Balance |
||||||||
Account Titles |
Dr. |
Cr. |
||||||
Cash |
$ 4,020 |
|||||||
Accounts Receivable |
2,440 |
|||||||
Supplies |
1,900 |
|||||||
Accounts Payable |
$ 1,120 |
|||||||
Unearned Service Revenue |
240 |
|||||||
Common Stock |
5,000 |
|||||||
Service Revenue |
3,100 |
|||||||
Salaries and Wages Expense |
860 |
|||||||
Miscellaneous Expense |
||||||||
$ 9,460 |
Other data:
1. |
A physical count reveals $500 of supplies on hand. |
2. |
$100 of the unearned revenue is still unearned at month-end. |
3. |
Accrued salaries are $250. |
Complete the worksheet.
CAJON COMPANY |
||||
Adjustments |
Adj. Trial Balance |
Income Statement |
Balance Sheet |
|
Dr |
||||
4,020 | ||||
1,120 | ||||
Totals |
9,460 | |||
Supplies Expense |
||||
Salaries and Wages Payable |
||||
Net Income |
||||
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Question 2 Lanza Company had the following adjusted trial balance. LANZA COMPANY Adjusted Trial Balance Account Titles Debit Credit Cash $3,712 Accounts Receivable 3,904 Supplies 480 Accounts Payable $1,556 Unearned Service Revenue 160 Common Stock 4,000 Retained Earnings 1,760 Dividends 600 Service Revenue 4,300 Salaries and Wages Expense 1,344 Miscellaneous Expense 180 Supplies Expense 1,900 Salaries and Wages Payable
344
$12,120 $12,120 |
(a) Prepare closing entries at June 30, 2014. No. Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit 1. (To close revenue account.) 2. (To close expense accounts) 3. (To close net income / (loss).) 4. (To close dividends) |
Question 4 Excelsior Amusement Park has a fiscal year ending on September 30. Selected data from the September 30 worksheet are presented below. Excelsior Amusement Park Trial Balance Adjusted Trial Balance Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Cash 34,400 34,400 Supplies 18,600 2,200 Prepaid Insurance 29,900 10,900 Land 80,000 80,000 Equipment 120,000 120,000 Accumulated Depreciation-Equip. 36,200 42,200 Accounts Payable 14,600 14,600 Unearned Ticket Revenue 3,900 1,000 Mortgage Payable 50,000 50,000 Common Stock 60,000 60,000 Retained Earnings 36,100 36,100 Dividends 14,000 14,000 Ticket Revenue 277,900 280,800 Salaries and Wages Expense 98,000 98,000 Maintenance and Repairs Expense 30,500 30,500 Advertising Expense 9,400 9,400 Utilities Expense 16,900 16,900 Property Tax Expense 21,000 24,000 Interest Expense 6,000
8,000 Totals 478,700 478,700 Insurance Expense 19,000 Supplies Expense 16,400 Interest Payable 2,000 Depreciation Expense 6,000 Property Taxes Payable
3,000 Totals 489,700 489,700 |
(a) Prepare a complete worksheet. EXCELSIOR AMUSEMENT PARK Trial Balance Adjustments Adjusted Trial Balance Income Statement Balance Sheet Account Titles Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Cash 34,400
Supplies 18,600
Prepaid Insurance 29,900
Land 80,000
Equipment 120,000
Accumulated Depreciation-Equip. 36,200 Accounts Payable 14,600 Unearned Ticket Revenue 3,900 Mortgage Payable 50,000 Common Stock 60,000 Retained Earnings
36,100
Dividends 14,000
Ticket Revenue 277,900 Salaries and Wages Expense 98,000
Maintenance and Repairs Expense 30,500
Advertising Expense 9,400
Utilities Expense 16,900
Property Tax Expense 21,000
Interest Expense 6,000
Totals 478,700 478,700 Insurance Expense
Supplies Expense
Interest Payable
Depreciation Expense
Property Taxes Payable
Totals
Net Income
Totals
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