create a discussion: The purpose of this application is to provide the student an opportunity to reflect on selected DNP competencies acquired through the DNP7000 course.

READ CAREFULLY The FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS, use scholarly reference s no older than 5 years old. on APA 7 format..

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Create a discussion of minimun 500 words The purpose of this application is to provide the student an opportunity to reflect on selected DNP competencies acquired through the DNP7000 course.   

5. APA format is required with both a title page and reference page. Use the required components of the review as Level 1 headings (upper and lower case, centered, boldface): 

Note: Introduction – Write an introduction but do not use “Introduction” as a heading in accordance with the rules put forth in the Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (2010, p. 63).

a. Self-Assessment 

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b. Conclusion: Based on your self-assessment, to what extent do you feel that you are prepared to meet the three pertinent DNP competencies for this course?

COMMUNICATION

KNOWLEDGE

LEADERSHIP

PROFESSIONALISM

BUSINESS SKILLS

Nurse Executive
Competencies

2 AONL NURSE EXECUTIVE COMPETENCIES ©2015 AONE, AONL

Suggested APA Citation: AONE, AONL. (2015).

  • AONL Nurse Executive Competencies
  • . Chicago, IL: AONE, AONL.

    Accessed at: www.aonl.org

    Accessible at: www.aonl.org/competencies

    Contact: aonl@aha.org or (312) 422-2800

    © 2015 American Organization of Nurse Executives (AONE), American Organization for Nursing Leadership (AONL). All materials contained in
    this publication are available to anyone for download on www.aonl.org, for personal, non-commercial use only. No part of this publication may
    be reproduced and distributed in any form without permission of AONL, except in the case of brief quotations followed by the above suggested
    citation. To request permission to reproduce this material, please email aonl@aha.org.

    http://www.aonl.org

    http://www.aonl.org/competencies

    mailto:aonl%40aha.org?subject=

    http://www.aonl.org

    mailto:aonl%40aha.org?subject=

    3 AONL NURSE EXECUTIVE COMPETENCIES ©2015 AONE, AONL

    Nurse Leaders in executive practice set

    the vision for nursing practice in the

    delivery of safe, timely, efficient, equitable

    and patient-centered care. Working within

    a collaborative and interprofessional

    environment, the nurse in executive

    practice is influential in improving the

    patient experience of care (including quality

    and satisfaction), improving the health of

    populations and reducing the per capita cost

    of health care.

    The AONL Nurse Executive Competencies

    detail the skills knowledge and abilities that

    guide the practice of nurse leaders in executive

    practice regardless of their educational

    level, title or setting. The competencies are

    captured in a model developed in 2004 by the

    Healthcare Leadership Alliance1 that identify

    the common core set of competency domains

    for health care leadership: communication

    and relationship management; knowledge

    of the health care environment; leadership;

    professionalism; business skills and principles.

    OVERVIEW

    1 Members include the American Organization for Nursing Leadership, The American College of Healthcare Executives, American Association for
    Physician Leadership, Healthcare Financial Management Association, Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society, and Medical
    Group Management Association.

    Reliability and validity for the AONL Nurse Executive Competencies is established by periodic job analysis/role delineation studies. These
    competencies are based on A National Practice Analysis Study of the Nurse Executive (2014).

    4 AONL NURSE EXECUTIVE COMPETENCIES ©2015 AONE, AONL

    A. EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

    � Make oral presentations to diverse
    audiences on:

    » Nursing

    » Health care topics

    » Organizational issues

    � Produce written materials for diverse
    audiences on:

    » Nursing

    » Health care topics

    » Organizational issues

    � Facilitate group discussions

    � Demonstrate skill in interpersonal
    communication

    B. RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT

    � Build collaborative relationships

    � Exhibit effective conflict resolution skills

    � Create a trusting environment by:

    » Following through on promises and
    concerns

    » Establishing mechanisms to follow-up on
    commitments

    » Balancing the concerns of individuals with
    organizational goals and objectives

    » Engaging staff and others in decision-
    making

    » Communicating in a way as to maintain
    credibility and relationships

    C. INFLUENCING BEHAVIORS

    � Assert views in non-threatening, non-
    judgmental ways

    � Create a shared vision

    � Facilitate consensus building

    � Inspire desired behaviors and manage
    undesired behaviors

    � Achieve outcomes through engagement of
    stakeholders

    � Promote decisions that are patient-centered

    � Apply situational leadership skills

    D. DIVERSITY

    � Establish an environment that values
    diversity (e.g. age, gender, race, religion,
    ethnicity, sexual orientation, culture)

    � Establish cultural competency in the
    workforce

    � Incorporate cultural beliefs into care delivery

    � Provide an environment conducive to
    opinion sharing, exploration of ideas and
    achievement of outcomes

    E. COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT

    � Represent the organization to non-health
    care constituents within the community

    � Serve as a resource to community and
    business leaders regarding nursing and
    health care

    � Represent the community perspective in
    the decision-making process within the
    organization/system

    � Represent nursing to the media

    � Serve on community-based boards, advisory
    groups, and task forces

    F. MEDICAL/STAFF RELATIONSHIPS

    � Build credibility with physicians as a
    champion for patient care, quality and the
    professional practice of nursing

    � Confront and address inappropriate or
    disruptive behavior towards patients
    and staff

    � Represent nursing at medical executive
    committee and other department/medical
    staff committees

    COMMUNICATION AND
    RELATIONSHIP BUILDING1

    5 AONL NURSE EXECUTIVE COMPETENCIES ©2015 AONE, AONL

    � Collaborate with medical staff leaders and
    other disciplines in determining needed
    patient care service lines

    � Collaborate with physicians and other
    disciplines to develop patient care protocols,
    policies and procedures

    � Collaborate to determine patient care
    equipment and facility needs

    � Use medical staff mechanisms to address
    physician clinical performance issues

    � Address and model appropriate conflict
    resolution

    � Create opportunities for physicians and
    nurses to engage in professional dialogue

    G. ACADEMIC RELATIONSHIPS

    � Determine current and future supply and
    demand for nurses to meet the care delivery
    needs

    � Identify educational needs of existing and
    potential nursing staff

    � Collaborate with nursing programs to
    provide required resources

    � Collaborate with nursing programs in
    evaluating quality of graduating clinicians
    and develop mechanisms to enhance this
    quality

    � Serve on academic advisory councils

    � Collaborate in nursing research and translate
    evidence into practice

    � Collaborate to investigate care delivery
    models across the continuum

    � Create academic partnerships to ensure a
    qualified workforce for the future

    COMMUNICATION AND RELATIONSHIP BUILDING1

    6 AONL NURSE EXECUTIVE COMPETENCIES ©2015 AONE, AONL

    A. CLINICAL PRACTICE KNOWLEDGE

    � Demonstrate knowledge of current nursing
    practice and the roles and functions of
    patient care team members

    � Communicate patient care standards as
    established by accreditation, regulatory and
    quality agencies

    � Ensure compliance with the State Nurse
    Practice Act, State Board of Nursing
    regulations, state and federal regulatory
    agency standards, federal labor standards
    and policies of the organization

    � Adhere to professional association
    standards of nursing practice

    � Ensure that written organizational clinical
    policies and procedures are reviewed and
    updated in accordance with evidence-based
    practice

    � Integrate bioethical and legal dimensions
    into clinical and management
    decision-making

    � Ensure protection of human subject rights
    and safety in clinical research

    B. DELIVERY MODELS / WORK DESIGN

    � Demonstrate current knowledge of patient
    care delivery systems across the continuum

    � Describe various delivery systems and age-
    appropriate patient care models and the
    advantages/disadvantages of each

    � Assess the effectiveness of delivery models

    � Develop new delivery models

    � Participate in the design of facilities

    C. HEALTH CARE ECONOMICS AND POLICY

    � Understand regulation and payment issues
    that affect an organization’s finances

    � Describe individual organization’s payer mix,
    CMI and benchmark database

    � Align care delivery models and staff
    performance with key safety and economic
    drivers (e.g., value-based purchasing,
    bundled payment)

    � Take action when opportunities exist to
    adjust operations to respond effectively
    to environmental changes in economic
    elements

    � Use knowledge of federal and state laws
    and regulations that affect the provision of
    patient care (e.g., tort reform, malpractice/
    negligence, reimbursement)

    � Participate in legislative process on health
    care issues through such mechanisms as
    membership in professional organization
    and personal contact with officials

    � Educate patient care team members on the
    legislative process, the regulatory process
    and methods for influencing both

    � Interpret impact of legislation at the state
    and federal level on nursing and health care
    organizations

    D. GOVERNANCE

    � Use knowledge of the role of the governing
    body of the organization in the following
    areas:

    » Fiduciary responsibilities

    » Credentialing

    » Performance management

    � Represent patient care issues to the
    governing body

    � Participate in strategic planning and quality
    initiatives with the governing body

    � Interact with and educate the organization’s
    board members regarding health care and
    the value of nursing care

    � Represent nursing at the organization’s
    board meetings

    � Represent other disciplines at the
    organization’s board meetings

    KNOWLEDGE OF THE HEALTH
    CARE ENVIRONMENT2

    7 AONL NURSE EXECUTIVE COMPETENCIES ©2015 AONE, AONL

    E. EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE/OUTCOME
    MEASUREMENT AND RESEARCH

    � Use data and other sources of evidence to
    inform decision making

    � Use evidence for establishment of
    standards, practices and patient care models
    in the organization

    � Design feedback mechanisms by which to
    adapt practice based upon outcomes from
    current processes

    � Design and interpret outcome measures

    � Disseminate research findings to patient
    care team members

    � Allocate nursing resources based on
    measurement of patient acuity/care needed

    � Monitor and address nurse sensitive
    outcomes and satisfaction indicators

    F. PATIENT SAFETY

    � Support the development of an
    organization-wide patient safety program

    � Use knowledge of patient safety science
    (e.g., human factors, complex adaptive
    systems, LEAN and Six Sigma)

    � Monitor clinical activities to identify both
    expected and unexpected risks

    � Support a Just Culture (non-punitive)
    reporting environment, supporting a reward
    system for identifying unsafe practices

    � Support safety surveys, responding and
    acting on safety recommendations

    � Lead/facilitate performance improvement
    teams to improve systems/processes that
    enhance patient safety

    G. PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT/METRICS

    � Articulate the organization’s performance
    improvement program and goals

    � Use evidence-based metrics to align patient
    outcomes with the organization’s goals and
    objectives

    � Apply high reliability concepts for the
    organization

    � Establish quality metrics by

    » Identifying the problem/process

    » Measuring success at improving specific
    areas of patient care

    » Analyzing the root causes or variation
    from quality standards

    » Improving the process with the evidence

    » Controlling solutions and sustaining
    success

    H. RISK MANAGEMENT

    � Identify areas of risk/liability

    � Facilitate staff education on risk
    management and compliance issues

    � Develop systems that result in prompt
    reporting of potential liability by staff at all
    levels

    � Identify early warning predictability
    indications for errors

    � Correct areas of potential liability

    � Ensure compliance by staff with all required
    standards

    KNOWLEDGE OF THE HEALTH CARE ENVIRONMENT2

    8 AONL NURSE EXECUTIVE COMPETENCIES ©2015 AONE, AONL

    A. FOUNDATIONAL THINKING SKILLS

    � Address ideas, beliefs or viewpoints that
    should be given serious consideration

    � Recognize one’s own method of decision
    making and the role of beliefs, values and
    inferences

    � Apply critical analysis to organizational
    issues after a review of the evidence

    � Maintain curiosity and an eagerness to
    explore new knowledge and ideas

    � Promote nursing leadership as both a
    science and an art

    � Demonstrate reflective practice and an
    understanding that all leadership begins
    from within

    � Provide visionary thinking on issues that
    impact the health care organization

    B. PERSONAL JOURNEY DISCIPLINES

    � Learn from setbacks and failures as well
    as successes

    C. SYSTEMS THINKING

    � Use knowledge of classic and contemporary
    systems thinking in problem solving and
    decision making

    � Provide visionary thinking on issues that
    impact the healthcare organization

    � Recognize the contribution of mental
    models on behavior

    � Promote systems thinking as an expectation
    of leaders and staff

    � Consider the impact of nursing decisions on
    the healthcare organization as a whole

    � Use resources from other paradigms

    D. SUCCESSION PLANNING

    � Develop a leadership succession plan

    � Promote nursing leadership as a desirable
    specialty

    � Mentor current and future nurse leaders

    � Establish mechanisms that provide for early
    identification and mentoring of staff with
    leadership potential

    � Develop a workforce analysis plan and
    implement strategies to ensure an adequate
    and qualified workforce

    E. CHANGE MANAGEMENT

    � Adapt leadership style to situation needs

    � Use change theory to implement change

    � Serve as a change leader

    LEADERSHIP3

    9 AONL NURSE EXECUTIVE COMPETENCIES ©2015 AONE, AONL

    A. PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL
    ACCOUNTABILITY

    � Hold self and others accountable for mutual
    professional expectations and outcomes

    � Contribute to the advancement of the
    profession

    � Participate in and contribute to professional
    organizations

    � Demonstrate and promote leader and staff
    participation in professional organizations

    � Promote leader and staff participation
    in lifelong learning and educational
    achievement

    � Achieve and maintain professional
    certification for self

    � Promote professional certification for staff

    � Role model standards of professional
    practice (clinical, educational and leadership)
    for colleagues and constituents

    B. CAREER PLANNING

    � Coach others in developing their own career
    plans

    � Seek input and mentorship from others in
    career planning and development

    � Develop a personal and professional career
    plan and measure progress

    � Solicit feedback about personal strengths
    and weaknesses

    � Act on feedback about personal strengths
    and weaknesses

    C. ETHICS

    � Uphold ethical principles and corporate
    compliance standards

    � Hold self and staff accountable to comply
    with ethical standards of practice

    � Discuss, resolve and learn from ethical
    dilemmas

    D. ADVOCACY

    � Promote clinical perspective in
    organizational decisions

    � Involve nurses and other staff in decisions
    that affect their practice

    � Represent the perspective of patients and
    families

    � Advocate for optimal health care in the
    community

    PROFESSIONALISM4

    10 AONL NURSE EXECUTIVE COMPETENCIES ©2015 AONE, AONL

    A. FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

    � Develop and manage an annual operating
    budget and long-term capital expenditure
    plan

    � Use business models for health care
    organizations and apply fundamental
    concepts of economics

    � Interpret financial statements

    � Manage financial resources

    � Ensure the use of accurate charging
    mechanisms

    � Educate patient care team members
    on financial implications of patient care
    decisions

    � Participate in the negotiation and monitoring
    of contract compliance (e.g., physicians,
    service providers)

    B. HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

    � Ensure development of educational
    programs to foster workforce competencies
    and development goals

    � Participate in workforce planning and
    employment decisions

    � Use corrective discipline to mitigate
    workplace behavior problems

    � Evaluate the results of employee
    satisfaction/quality of work environment
    surveys

    � Support reward and recognition programs to
    enhance performance

    � Formulate programs to enhance work-life
    balance

    � Interpret and ensure compliance with legal
    and regulatory guidelines

    � Provide education regarding components of
    collective bargaining

    � Promote healthful work environments

    � Address sexual harassment, workplace

    violence, verbal and physical abuse

    � Implement ergonomically sound work
    environments to prevent worker injury and
    fatigue

    � Develop and implement emergency
    preparedness plans

    � Analyze market data in relation to supply
    and demand

    � Contribute to the development of
    compensation programs

    � Develop and evaluate recruitment,
    onboarding, and retention strategies

    � Develop and implement an outcome-based
    performance management program

    � Develop and implement programs to re-
    educate the workforce for new roles

    C. STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT

    � Create the operational objectives, goals and
    specific strategies required to achieve the
    strategic outcome

    � Conduct SWOT and Gap analyses

    � Defend the business case for nursing

    � Utilize the balanced scorecard analysis to
    manage change

    � Evaluate achievement of operational
    objectives and goals

    � Identify marketing opportunities

    � Develop marketing strategies in
    collaboration with marketing experts

    � Promote the image of nursing and the
    organization through effective media
    relations

    BUSINESS SKILLS5

    11 AONL NURSE EXECUTIVE COMPETENCIES ©2015 AONE, AONL

    D. INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
    AND TECHNOLOGY

    � Use technology to support improvement of
    clinical and financial performance

    � Collaborate to prioritize for the
    establishment of information technology
    resources

    � Participate in evaluation of enabling
    technology in practice settings

    � Use data management systems for decision
    making

    � Identify technological trends, issues and
    new developments as they apply to
    patient care

    � Demonstrate skills in assessing data
    integrity and quality

    � Provide leadership for the adoption and
    implementation of information systems

    BUSINESS SKILLS5

      AONL Nurse Executive Competencies

    • Overview
    • 1. Communication
    • 2. Knowledge
    • 3. Leadership
    • 4. Professionalism
    • 5. Business Skills

    Self-Assessment Assignment

    Guidelines

    2

    >

    Purpose

    The purpose of this application is to provide the student an opportunity to reflect on selected DNP competencies acquired through the DNP

    70

    00 course.

    Course Outcomes

    This assignment provides documentation of student ability to meet the following course outcomes:

    · Discuss the contributions from ethics and the psychosocial, biophysical, and organizational sciences to the development of nursing science.

    · Interpret how theories and concepts influence and enhance the development of nursing practice.

    · Examine the historical challenges to the evolution of nursing science and nursing practice.

    · Explore how the evolution of nursing science and practice impact the creation of new practice roles.

    Program Outcomes

    · I-Integrate Scientific Underpinnings into Practice

    · III-Apply Clinical Scholarship and Analytical Methods for Evidence-Based Practice

    · VI-Employ Interprofessional Collaboration for Improving Patient and Population Health Outcomes

    AONL Program Role-Specific Competencies

    ·
    Demonstrate effective communication and relationship building:

    · Through the production of written materials 

    · Through collaborative relationships with DNP stakeholders 

    · Through engagement of stakeholders

    · Seeking input and mentorship from other in career planning and development

    Due Date

    Submit your completed application in Moodle by
    Wednesday 11:59 p.m. ET of
    Week 7 as directed.

    Requirements

    1. The
    self-assessment assignment is worth

    10

    0 points and will be graded on quality of self-assessment, use of citations, use of Standard English grammar, sentence structure, and overall organization based on the required components as summarized in the directions and grading criteria/rubric.

    2. Create your discussion using Microsoft Word (a part of Microsoft Office), which is the required format for DNP Nursing assignments unless specified otherwise. You can tell that the document is saved as a MS Word document because it will end in “ x”

    3. Follow the directions and grading criteria closely. Any questions about your essay may be posted under the Q & A Forum.

    4

    . The length of the reflection is to be no less than 500 words and no greater than

    100

    0 words excluding title page and reference pages.

    5.

    APA format

    is required with both a title page and reference page. Use the required components of the review as Level 1 headings (upper and lower case, centered, boldface):

    Note:

    Introduction

    – Write an introduction but do not use “Introduction” as a heading in accordance with the rules put forth in the
    Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (2010, p.

    6

    3).

    a. Self-Assessment

    b.

    Conclusion

    : Based on your self-assessment, to what extent do you feel that you are prepared to meet the three pertinent DNP competencies for this course?

    Directions and Grading Criteria

    8

    70

    10

    4

    6

    2

    100

    Category

    Points

    %

    Description

    Introduction

    8

    Introduces the purpose of the reflection and addresses AACN DNP Essentials (AACN, 2006) pertinent to scientific underpinnings for practice.

    Self-Assessment Assignment 70

    Include a self-assessment regarding learning that you believe represents your skills, knowledge, and integrative abilities to meet the pertinent DNP competencies as a result of active learning throughout this course.
    Make sure to also include the AONL Role-specific competencies. Be sure to answer the following

    Reflect on the DNP7000 course readings, discussion threads, and assignments you have completed across this course and write a short essay regarding the extent to which you feel you are now prepared to apply the skills, integrative abilities pertinent to the DNP essentials and role-specific competencies and well as knowledge acquired during this course.

    DNP Practicum Team Mentor

    Reflection

    10

    How do you feel that you collaboration with your mentor will be beneficial in reaching your academic goals?

    Conclusion 4

    An effective conclusion identifies the main ideas and major conclusions from the body of your essay. Minor details are left out. Summarize the benefits of the pertinent DNP competencies to scientific underpinnings for practice.

    Clarity of writing

    6

    Use of standard English grammar and sentence structure. No spelling errors or typographical errors. Organized around the required components using appropriate headers.

    APA format 2

    All information taken from another source, even if summarized, must be appropriately cited in the manuscript and listed in the references using APA (6th ed.) format:

    1. Document setup

    2. Title and reference pages

    3. Citations in the text and references.

    Total:

    100

    A quality essay will meet or exceed all of the above requirements.

    Doctor of Nursing Practice Program

    Self-Assessment Assignment DNP 7000 Evolution of Nursing Practice Application of Theory in Nursing Practice

    DNP7000 Self-Assessment Assignment 04/21/19- R. 03/02/2020

    1

    Grading Rubric

    Assignment Criteria

    Meets Criteria

    Criteria Mostly Met

    Partially Meets Criteria

    Does Not Meet Criteria

    Introduction

    8 points

    Short introduction of selected DNP competencies and role-specific competencies pertinent to scientific underpinnings for practice. Rationale is well presented, and purpose fully developed.

    8 points

    Short introduction of selected DNP competencies and role-specific competencies pertinent to scientific underpinnings for practice was. Rationale is somewhat presented, however, needs more purpose fully developed.

    6 points

    Basic understanding and/or limited use of original explanation and/or inappropriate emphasis on an area.

    5 points

    Little or very general introduction of selected DNP competencies and role-specific competencies. Little to no original explanation; inappropriate emphasis on an area.

    0 point

    Self-Assessment Reflection

    70 points

    Excellent self-assessment on the DNP7000 course readings, discussion threads, and assignments you have completed across this course and the extent to which you feel you are now prepared to apply the skills, integrative abilities pertinent to the DNP essentials and role-specific competencies and well as knowledge acquired during this course.

    70 points

    Good self-assessment on the DNP7000 course readings, discussion threads, and assignments you have completed across this course and the extent to which you feel you are now prepared to apply the skills, integrative abilities pertinent to the DNP essentials and role-specific competencies and well as knowledge acquired during this course.

    60 points

    Basic self-assessment of the DNP7000 course readings, discussion threads, and assignments you have completed across this course and the extent to which you feel you are now prepared to apply the skills, integrative abilities pertinent to the DNP essentials and role-specific competencies and well as knowledge acquired during this course.

    Reflection

    on pertinent DNP competencies not supported with examples.

    50 points

    Little or very general self-assessment of skills, knowledge, and integrative abilities pertinent to scientific underpinnings for practice. Little or no reflection on pertinent DNP competencies or reflection not supported with examples.

    30 points

    DNP Practicum Team Mentor
    Reflection

    (10 pts)

    Statement shows detailed insight into

    how
    the collaboration with your DNP Practicum Project team mentor will enhance success in the DNP. Reflection is supported by an example.

    10 points

    Statement shows adequate insight into

    how
    the collaboration with your DNP Practicum Project team mentor will enhance success in the DNP. Reflection is supported by an example.

    8 points

    Statement shows some insight into

    how
    the collaboration with your DNP Practicum Project team mentor will enhance success in the DNP. Reflection is supported by an example.

    6 points

    Little or no reflection on

    how
    the collaboration with your DNP Practicum Project team mentor will enhance success in the DNP.

    0 point

    Conclusion

    4 points

    Excellent understanding of pertinent DNP competencies. Conclusions are well evidenced and fully developed.

    4 points

    Good understanding of pertinent DNP competencies. Conclusions are well evidenced and fully developed.

    3 points

    Basic understanding and/or limited use of original explanation and/or inappropriate emphasis on an area.

    2 points

    Little understanding of pertinent DNP competencies. Little to no original explanation; inappropriate emphasis on an area.

    0 point

    Clarity of writing
    6 points

    Excellent use of standard English showing original thought. No spelling or grammar errors. Well organized with proper flow of meaning.

    5 – 6 points

    Excellent use of standard English showing original thought. No spelling or grammar errors. Well organized with proper flow of meaning.

    Some evidence of own expression and competent use of language. No more than three spelling or grammar errors. Well organized thoughts and concepts.

    3 – 4 points

    Language needs development. Four or more spelling and/or grammar errors. Poorly organized thoughts and concepts.

    0 – 2 points

    APA format

    (2 pts)

    APA format is correct with no errors.

    2 points

    APA format is correct with no more than 1-2 minor errors

    1.5 points

    3-5 errors in APA format and/or 1-2 citations are missing.

    1 point

    APA formatting contains multiple errors and/or several citations are missing.

    0 points

    Total Points Possible =
    100 points

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