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OSPF Multiple-Area Configuration

Objectives

 Configuring OSPF Multiple-Area Configuration

 Optional OSPF Configurations

 Verifying OSPF Configuration

Topology

 You can click the Show Lab Content button to download the lab or you can download the lab from

Learn@Stout in Content.

Step 1: Initial Router Configuration

 Configure Hostnames, Interfaces, and PCs as shown in the topology. Do not configure the Areas. If

you have forgotten how the topology correlates to the initial configuration refer to the previous

lab.

 Configure Enable Secret, Telnet and Console passwords. Set all of the passwords to uwstout

 Go into Global configuration and enter the command no ip domain-lookup

o This will stop the router from looking for a resolution when you type a command

incorrectly.

 Issue the command show interfaces at the privileged exec prompt. All interfaces should say

“Interface is up, line protocol is up.”

If your interfaces are not up, up what might be the problem?

o If an interface is showing “Administratively down” then you need to issue the no shutdown

command on that interface to turn it on for use.

o If your interface is showing as “down” then you may have forgotten to enter the clockrate

on the DCE interface.

o If neither of those are the issue, check to make sure your IP addresses are correct. When

interfaces are directly connected (on the same segment) then their IP addresses have to be

in the same network range, if you go through a router to get to the interface then the IP

address needs to be in a different range.

 Configure the PCs in the network topology, remember their default-gateway is the IP address of

the router interface they are directly connected to.

Step 2: Configuring OSPF Multiple-Area

In this step you will be configuring all routers to use OSPF as their routing protocol. Multiple Areas are not

needed in a small network but for the purpose of understanding multiple Area configuration we will be

configuring two Areas, Area 0 and Area 1. This step will provide you with a step-by-step example of Multi-

Area OSPF configuration on the Menomonie router. Then you will need to take what you have learned in

your reading and in the example, and apply it to the RemoteAZ and RemoteWI routers so you can achieve

complete OSPF routing.

In the topology you have two areas, Area 0 (the Backbone) and Area 1. The following details which Area

each network is in:

RemoteAZ is an Internal Router, which means all of its interfaces (networks) are in a single non-backbone

area, in our case RemoteAZ is in Area 1. When you configure RemoteAZ you will configure all of its

networks to be in Area 1.

Menomonie is an Area Border Router (ABR) which means it has at least one interface in the Backbone

(Area 0) and another interface in a different Area. On the Menomonie router, networks 10.10.2.0 and

192.168.2.0 are in Area 0 and network 192.168.1.0 is in Area 1.

RemoteWI is also an Area Border Router. On the RemoteWI router networks 192.168.2.0 and 10.10.3.0

are in Area 0 and network 192.168.3.0 is in Area 1

Configure the OSPF process on Menomonie:

 In global configuration mode type router ospf 1 and press

enter

In Menomonie, configure the OSPF Area 0 with networks 192.168.2.0 and 10.10.2.0, and OSPF Area 1 with

network 192.168.1.0 using OSPF subcommands.

 In OSPF configuration mode type network 10.10.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 and press enter

 Type network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 and press enter

 Type network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 1 and press enter

Now use what you have read and this example to complete the OSPF configuration on RemoteAZ and
RemoteWI. A partial configuration is included at the end of this lab to help you verify your work.

Step 3: Verifying OSPF

Now verify OSPF is working properly. Begin with verifying that all of your connected routers are OSPF

neighbors.

 Type show ip ospf neighbor in privileged exec mode. All neighbors should be fully adjacent (FULL

state)

o Notice I have shortened the command to sh ip ospf neig, you can shorten commands as

long as you enter enough of the command that the router can understand what you are

trying to type in. Feel free to shorten the commands as you complete the lab.

Now let’s verify that all OSPF routing is working correctly.

 Type the command show ip route in privileged exec mode and press enter.

You will know you are routing correctly when you see all of the routes you have in your network in each of

the routers’ routing table, some will be directly connected routes (the ones that physically reside on that

router) and some will be routes learned through OSPF that are physically on other routers. Review the

Codes to see which routes are Connected, which ones were learned through OSPF inside the same area

and which ones were learned from a network that is outside of your routers area (inter area).

Notice in RemoteAZ you have O IA routes. Looking at the routing table you can see that in order for

RemoteAZ to get to the 10.10.2.0 network it has to go to 192.168.1.2, the 10.10.2.0 network is in Area 0

and 192.168.1.2 is in Area 1, this route then is an inter area route.

Step 4: Configuring Optional OSPF settings

There are multiple optional OSPF configurations, in this part of the lab you will be configuring hello and

dead timers and routing authentication.

Configure the Hello and Dead timers

 In privileged exec mode of Menomonie type show ip ospf interface s0/0 and press enter.

The result of show ip ospf interface s0/0 shows that the hello interval timer is 10 and the dead interval

timer is 40 these are default values. These values can be manually set according to our needs. . The dead-

interval is four times the hello.

Now change the hello-interval to 15 and the dead-interval to 60 on the serial link between RemoteAZ and

Menomonie. When you change the timers on the first interface you will notice that OSPF state changes

to Down, this is because the Hello and Dead timers must match on each end of the link.

You will use the commands ip ospf hello-interval and ip ospf dead-interval to change

the Hello and Dead intervals (timers).

Enter interface configuration mode on the Serial 0/0 interface on the Menomonie router. Then:

 Type ip ospf hello-interval 15 and press enter

 Type ip ospf dead-interval 60 and press enter

Now configure the Hello and Dead timers on RemoteAZ’s Serial 0/0 interface. Once you have configured

both timers on each side of the link correctly the routers will once again become fully adjacent and you

will see the OSPF routes come back up

Configuring OSPF Authentication

You can also configure OSPF authentication on interfaces to avoid attacks from rogue routers attached to

those open interfaces. In this lab you will configure OSPF authentication on the FastEthernet 0/0

interface of Menomonie and set the authentication key to uwstout using ip ospf authentication

commands.

 In interface configuration mode for Fastethernet 0/0 type ip ospf authentication and press enter

 Set the authentication key to uwstout by typing ip ospf authentication-key uwstout and press

enter

Now show the OSPF interface to see the changes you have made.

 Type show ip ospf interface fastethernet0/0 and press enter.

Notice once again I have shortened the command.

Step 5: Saving Configuration

Once you have completed the lab don’t forget to save the configurations using the copy running-config

startup-config command. Repeat this in all the other routers.



Congratulations you have completed the lab.

Final Configurations

Below are partial final configurations on each of the routers.

OSPF Challenge Lab

Topology

 Once you have logged in, scheduled the correct lab, and hit Enter Lab you will see the following:

Instructions

The challenge lab includes configuration content from the reading and labs you have worked on to this

point in the course. Refer to the topology diagram and complete the configuration tasks as outlined below.

Verify whole topology is operational and functioning properly.

Step 1 – Subnetting:

The interfaces and PCs have not been assigned IP addresses in the topology, you need to figure out the

subnets and IP addresses to use. In order to configure the IP addresses on the interfaces and PCs you

need subnet the 192.16.20.0 network.

Begin by figuring out how many networks you need for this topology. Then subnet 192.16.20.0 /24 to get

enough subnetworks and usable host addresses to configure this topology and achieve complete

connectivity.

Step 2 – Configuration Tasks:

 Configure Hostnames according to the topology

 Configure Enable Secret, Telnet and Console passwords. Set all of the passwords to uwstout

 Configure the interfaces with IP addresses and subnet masks according to the topology and the
subnetting scheme you came up with in Step 1.

 Configure the Clockrates on the DCE interfaces to 128000

 Configure the Bandwidth on the DCE interfaces to 128

 Configure the OSPF routing protocol in the areas shown in the diagram

 Configure OSPF Authentication

 Configure the IP address, Subnet Mask and Default gateway on each PC

 Verify all networks are each router’s routing table

 Verify connectivity by pinging from PC1a to PC2 and PC3.

If you do not have connectivity, troubleshoot. Begin with ensuring the interfaces or “up, up” work your way
through verifying the IP addresses and routing protocol configuration.

Step 3: Saving Configuration
Once you have completed the lab save your configurations.