bio questions

200-250 words for EACH QUESTION. Reference, and Original Work

1. Satish and Kiran, two college students in search of adventure, embarked on an orienteering exercise—but it turned out to be their last adventure. Their compass malfunctioned, and they became lost in desert terrain during the hottest days of summer. One week later, their bodies were discovered in a dry ravine. Pathologists estimated that the students had gone without water for 48–72 hours.

After reading this chapter and recalling your study of the kidneys in chapter 26, explain the students’ dehydration, the homeostatic mechanisms that would have tried to compensate for this condition, and the specific physiological cause of their deaths.

2. Renin-secreting tumors are usually found in the kidneys but rarely in other organs, such as the liver, lungs, pancreas, and ovaries. Predict the effects of renin-secreting tumors on blood K 1 levels, and explain the effects on action potential conduction in nerves and muscle tissues.