Agriculture laws regulations study guide

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Law Regulations Study Guide
1. Which Component of an ecosystem exerts the most control over the introduction and loss of
nutrients?
a. Water
b. Light
c. Climate
2. Which of the following is a drawback to using lethal-dose response curves to measure the
toxic effects of a pesticide?
a. They are not applicable for volatie or gaseous pesticide
b. They do-not take long term effects of pesticides into account
c. They cannot measure effects of soil-incorporated pesticides
3. Insecticides that mimic or interrupt the functioning of natural insect hormones are called?
a. Desiccant
b. Eradicants
c. Growth regulators
4. Repeating treatments several times in an experiment to allow for the measurement of
variability across experimental unit is called?
a. Reproduction
b. Reiteration
c. Replication
5. What type of soil-dwelling pests are most effectively controlled with crop rotations?
a. Nematodes
b. Insects
c. Vertebrates
6. Why is it important to consider the mode of action of a recommended pesticide?
a. It is the key factor in the development of pesticide resistance
b. It affects the hazards to people during mixing and loading.
c. It impacts the phytotoxicity hazards for adjacent crops.
7. If a PCA recommends the use of a pesticide on a crop for which it is phytotoxic, who is
responsible for crop losses incurred when the pesticides are used?
a. The pesticide manufacture
b. The PCA
c. The applicator
8. Why are agroecosystems typically dominated by r-strategies pests?
a. Management actions repeatedly disturb these areas
b. Management actions regularity create biodiversity
c. Manage actions continually increase competition
9. Knockdown techniques such as beat trays are useful for monitoring?
a. Fungal spores
b. Foliar nematodes
c. Beneficial beetles
10. Trophic levels in an ecosystem include?
a. Tertiary consumers
b. Organic matter
c. Nutrient sources
11. The presence of which variable can cause a crop plant to become diseased?
a. Mycopesticides
b. Soil solarization
c. Phytoplasmas
12. Which intergraded pest management practices are often used together to achieve effective
and long- lasting control?
a. Chemical and biological control
b. Chemical and physical control
c. Chemical and cultural control
13. To protect the public from harmful residues on harvested produce, federal law has
established pesticide residue
a. Tolerances
b. Allowances
c. Celling’s
14. What is bioaccumulation?
a. The rate of which plants are able to acquire energy and nutrients
b. The build-up of persistent pesticides through the food chain.
c. The way in which plants concentrate toxins in their meristems
15. Field trials can help establish new
a. Monitoring guidelines
b. Expert systems
c. Control methods
16. How does presence – absence sampling improve sampling efficiency?
a. Sample units are controlled and analyzed later, with no need to count each individual at the
site.
b. Sample unit infestation levels are recorded by those present, with no need for review later.
c. Sample units are recorded as either infested or un-infested with no need to count each
individual.
17. The predictive tool that enable growers or PCA’s to monitor the developmental status of
some plants as they grow in the field is called?
A. Phenology modering
B. Phant Mapping
C. Precision farming
18. Which statement describe the benefit of recirculating water after a pesticide have been
applied?
A. It assists in pesticide breakdown
B. It contains the pesticides in tailwater runoff
c. It improves the pesticide efficacy.
19. Which pesticide formulation will reduce the handlers chances of exposure the most?
A. Wetable powder
B. dry flow able
C. liquid Concentrate
20. What can happen if pest’s population reach tolerable injury levels before management
actions are taken?
A. they will unacceptable habits before control is achieved
B. They will develop unacceptable habits before control is achieved
C. they will reach unaccepted levels before control is achieved.
21. How does the use of transplants aid in pest control?
A. Transplants can withstand more damage so less chemical control will be necessary.
B. transplants are not as attractive to herbivorous pests as newly sprounting seedlings
C. Transplants are larger and therefore have a competitive edge over weed plants.
22. Disease symptoms include?
A. fungal spores
B. Necrotic lesions
C. scierotia clusters
23. Resistance that is polygenic is called?
A. Multiple Resistance
B. Horizontal resistance
C. True Resistance
24. Agricultural fields, urban landscapes, parks, rangelands and roadside are all examples of?
A. Manage Ecosystems
B. Simple Ecosystems
C. Beneficial ecosystem
25. Which statements defines a pest population economic injury level?
A. The point at which the pest population begins to cause monetary damage to a crop
B. The point at which the pest population density has caused crops to be unmarketable.
C. the point at which the cost of pest damage will exceed the cost of pest control.
26. The chances that handlers will inhale pesticides during mixing and loading activities are
reduced when using a/an?
A. Air Gap
B. Closed mixing system
C. Wettable powder formulation
27. Which statement describes the lifecycle of a nematode?
A. Nematodes have complete metamorphosis passing from egg to larvae to pupa to adult
B. Nematodes have incomplete metamorphosis passing from egg to nymph to adult
C. Nematodes have 6 stages passing from eggs through four juvenile stages to adult.
28. Volatile pesticides are most likely to be found in
A. Water
B. Soil
C. Air
29. Which feature can be used to distinguish among the various invertebrate classes?
A. the location of specialized mouth parts
B. The number of main body parts
C. The pathway of nerve impulses
30. How does a data logger assist in collecting meteorological information?
A. It can transfer summary values typically on a near real time basis to a control location for
review.
B. It can graph out and depict data collected from sensors in near real time to be viewed in the
field.
C. It can store days, weeks or months of data in real time to be recalled at programmed intervals
31. Materials that can be used as mulches include
A. Rocks and coarse sand
B. Bark and wood chips
C. Sawdust and bone fragments
32. When weeds proliferate in an area following rainy weather, other pest populations will
A. Increase
B. Die-off
C. Emigrate
33. When is the best time to mow weeds as a means of control?
A. When soil is dry and weeds have just set seed
B. When soil is dry and weeds have not set seed.
C. When soil is dry and weeds seed has just sprouted.
34. Which adjustment is used to reduce offsite movement of pesticides?
A. A buffer
B. A compatibility agent
C. A defoamer
35. How do plant parasitic nematodes injure plants?
A. they break down nutrients in the soil making them unavailable to plants
B. They feed on roots causing above ground stunting chlorosis or leaf drop
C. They lay eggs inside plant tissue, creating mines in leaves roots and stems
36. The variable in an ecosystem directly related to the developmental rate of plants,
microorganisms and cold-blooded animals is
A. Temperature
B. Soil
C. Climate
37. Biological control of Klamath weed has been achieved with
A. Fungal pathogens
B. Herbivorous insects
C. Bacterial pathogens
38. Which condition is required for an ecosystem to remain self-sustaining?
A. Relative balance between the ecosystem managed and unmanaged areas
B. Relative stability of the ecosystem essential inputs and basic structure
C. Relative richness of the ecosystem transnational zones and biotic communities
39. The offspring of a cross of two different homozygous lines is called a
A. Scion
B. Cultivar
C. Hybrid
40. Which statement defines LD50?
A. The amount of legally allowable drift 50 meters from the site of application
B. The amount of time it takes a standard dose of pesticide to fill 50% of the population
C. The amount of a pesticide which kills half of the group of test organism
41. Which statement about using of biological control as part of an IPM program is true?
A. It is most effective when combined with other control tactics
B. It is most useful in situations where no synthetic pesticides are used
C. It is most valuable when it replaces mechanical or chemical control
42. Which biogeochemical cycle is considered gassing?
A. Phosphorous cycle
B. Sulfur cycle
C. Nitrogen cycle
43. Which characteristic is common to fungi?
A. They get nutrients from living and dead organs
B. They will only reproduce inside the cell of plants
C. They are the smallest and simplest of all the pathogens
44. Which mechanism of pesticide breakdown is most affected by warm, moist, well aerated soils
high in organic content?
A. Oxidation reduction
B. Microbial reduction
C. Hydrolysis
45. Which cultural pest control technique can reduce pest problems?
A. Careful site selection
B. The use of augmentation
C. The use of botanical insecticides
46. Fungal plant pathogens are often dispersed as sports that are transported
A. On pollen grains
B. In water droplets
C. Through the air
47. An insect that feeds within a host organism and eventually kills it is called a
A. Parasitoid
B. Parasite
C. Predator
48. How do tissue culture and genetic engineering differ from traditional plant breeding?
A. They rely on selecting and backcrossing different plant line
B. They are able to use DNA from organisms outside the plant kingdom
C. They exclude the need to sexually reproduce plants
49. Which term is defined as all the components of the habitat with which an organism or
population interact?
A. Ecological niche
B. Ecological chain
C. Ecological system
50. Which factor affect the growth rate of a population?
A. Location of ecotones
B. Complexity of the ecosystem
C. Evolution of ecotypes
51. Crop varieties, environmental conditions, maturity standards and commodity prices call all
cause variations in
A. Bio fix dates
B. Phenology models
C. Treatment of thresholds
52. What can be included in backup documentation that supports a PCA’s recommendation?
A. Replicated field trials
B. Comprehensive field roles
C. Specific hazard locations
53. which type of pest is most likely to become resistant to pesticides?
A. S long-lived immobile developing pest with low reproductive rate
B. A short lived mobile, rapidly developing pest with high reproductive rate
C. A long lived mobile rapidly developing pest with an average reproductive rate
54. Throwing rings or terms balls along the sampling ratr and sampling where the objects fall will
help keep samples
A. Stratified
B. Systemic
C. Random
55. When action contributes the most to the success of a pest control program?
A. Accurate calibration of the sprayer
B. Accurate application of the pesticide
Accurate ide
56. How many trophic levels does a typical food chain have?
A. 5
B. 7
C. 9
57. How does irrigation after application help keep some pesticides from moving away from the
application cite as airborne dust?
A. It helps soil maintain healthy organic matter content
B. It helps certain pesticides become absorbed to soil
C. It helps incorporate certain pesticides into the soil
58. Which activity will be made more effective if there are written records of past management
actions taken at a site?
A. Selecting the safety equipment that will be needed
B. Predicting when control actions will be needed
C. Budgeting for the number of employers needed
59. Accurate diagnosis of pathogens that cause bacterial infections in plants require?
A. vector identification
B. laboratory analysis
C. field culturing
60. Which factors must be present for plant disease to develop?
A. The vector and the host must be present under the correct environmental conditions
B. The agent and the host must be present under the correct environmental conditions
C. The pathogens and the host must be present under correct environmental condition
61. Which components of an ecosystem is defined by the temperature, humidity, precipitation and
other atmospheric conditions over a long period of time?
A. Water
B. Soil
C. Climate
62. Which limiting factor is maintained appropriate levels when weeds are controlled in an area?
A. Temperature
B. Light
C. Food source
63. the variety of procedures used to observe, measure and record over time the activities, growth,
development and abundance of organisms or the factors affecting them is called?
A. Detecting
B. Monitoring
C. Scouting
64. Which measurement is necessary before resources can judge the reliability of conclusions
drawn from the replicon field trial?
A. Correlations of tolerance
B. Ratios of variance
C. Levels of significance
65. Reducing the use of broad spectrum insecticides to conserve naturally occurring populations
of predators and parasites will help reduce the levels of
A. Host resistance
B. Pest resurgence
C. Ecosystem
66. A good way to increase the uniformity of production records is to
A. Standardized forums
B. Voice recordings
C. Specialized cards
67. which problem is a direct result of overwatering
A. Outbreak of aphids
B. Meadow vole population
C. Crown rot disease
68. farming systems that can maintain their productivity indefinitely are called
A. Perpetual
B. Traditional
C. Sustainable
69. the basic unit for naming individual organisms is a combination of the specific and
the
A. family
B. Phylum
C. Genus
70. when pesticide exposure symptoms appear several days or weeks after a pesticide
exposure incident, they are said to exhibit
A. Acure onset
B. Delayed Onset
C. Late Onset
71. How are cover crops used in peremmial cropping systems?
A. As shelter and food for beneficial insects
B. For weed suppression and commercial value
C. To reduce the biodiversity of soil microorganisms
72. which characteristics are most important to an accurate description of a pest
population?
A. species diversity and emigration
B. Trophic structure and habitat
C. Competition level and birth rate
73. which factor helps determine when to begin sampling activities?
A. Whether control actions are preventive or not
B. Whether control actions are expensive or not
C. Whether control actions are consistent or not
74. temperature manipulation is widely used in
A. Seed treatment
B. Nursery operations
C. Aquatic environments
75. What is a secondary pest most likely to require treatment?
A. After key pest have been controlled
B. After occasional pests have been controlled
C. After invective pests have been controlled
76. Which statement describes winter annuals growing in most parts of California?
A. They germinate in late summer or full grow through the winter and die in the spring
B. They germinate in the winter and grow through the spring and summer and dies in the fall
C. They germinate in fall, grow through the winter and spring and die in the mid-summer
77. Which characteristics are common to successful agricultural pests?
A. Rapid dispersal ability and high reproduction rates
B. Large relative size and low juvenile maturity rates
C. Strong competitive skills and uniform growth rate
78. What is the first step in designing a monitoring program for a crop?
A. Identify potential and key pests
B. Establish injury levels and action thresholds
C. Determine the different treatment options
79. Which insects deform leaves and fruits and vector disease when they pierce plant tissue to
feed?
A. Aphids
B. Mayflies
C. Horntails
80. Which statement describes the mode of action for anticoagulant rodenticides?
A. They incapacitate the central nerves system
B. They prevent the absorption of nutrients
C. They interrupt the bloods ability to clot
81. Plants that are unwanted interfere with human activities or cause economic loss are called
A. Exotics
B. R-strategists
C. Weeds
82. Energy flows through ecosystems via
A. Management activities
B. Food chains
C. Natural selection
83. How can knowledge of pest biology help you to develop an effective integrated pest
management program?
A. It reduces the time it takes to develop a pest management plant
B. It provides a simple way to justify each management action and option selected
C. It allows for better timing of management actions and selection of the best control option
84. The primary location of the enzymatic, metabolic or physical reaction to the pesticide is
called ite
A. Mode of action
B. Site of action
C. System of action
85. In food chain, carnivores that consume herbivores are called
A. Secondary consumers
B. Primary consumers
C. Tertiary consumers
86. Which chemical property con help you determine the likelihood that a pesticide may move
offsite in air?
A. Vapor pressure
B. Bio concentration factor
C. Hydrolysis factor
87. which action can you take to avoid killing bees and other pollinators when applying
insecticides to an orchard that is in bloom?
A. Use aerial equipment to apply pesticides
B. Use nozzles that produce large spray droplets
C. Apply the pesticides at night or early morning
88. The amount of heat that accumulates over 24 hours when the average temperature above the
lower development threshold of an organism is called a
A. Physiological day
B. Degree day
C. Calendar day
89. Which sampling technique will provide the best information about the number of pests in the
sampling universe
A. Using a large sampling unit and collecting a smaller number of samples
B. Using a medium size sampling unit and an average number of samples
C. Using a smaller sampling unit and collecting a larger number of samples
90. Which pest control method is considered to be preventative
A. planting weed free seed
B. releasing pest predators
C. making Pesticide applications
91. Which application method can reduce the amount pesticide use
A. broadcast treatments
B. Chemigation treatments
C. spot treatments
92. the generally acquired ability of an Organism 2 survive applications of two or more
pesticides with similar modes of action is called
A. cross resistance
B. multiple resistance
C. polygenetic resistance
93. anyone entering treatment fields without required personal perfective equipment before the
restricted entry interval expires can be exposed in hazardous pesticide
A. Remnants
B. Residues
C. Reservoirs
94. Which tool is used as part of mechanical pest control
A. Host resistance
B. Trapping
C. Sanitation
95. what will increase the distance that spray droplets have to move to reach adjacent sensitive
areas?
A. Buffer zones
B. Parallel zones
C. Burrier zones
96. How can contamination of ground water be minimized when using chemicals?
A. Install safety valves that prevent backflow
B. Install monitors that prevent excess irrigation
C. Install directed, low volume sprinkler
97. Which factor indicates that population density has become too high in an area?
A. Increasing resources
B. Increasing mortality
C. Increasing immigration
98. Damage estimation is often a useful method for monitoring which types of pest
A. Pest that are hard to detect
B. Pests that are not very mobile
C. Pests that are strategist
99. Which factors should be considered along with monitoring data when making pest
management?
A. Complicity of local food webs
B. Growth stage of the crop
C. Education level of fieldworkers
100. What is the best way to evaluate the impacts of a pesticide on no target organisms
A. Check pesticide label and safety data sheet waring
B. Test products in a limited area and compare outcomes
C. Review toxicity tests performed by the manufacture
101. What process makes plants into principle sources of energy and organic materials in an
ecosystem?
A. Transpiration
B. Fruiting
C. Photosynthesis
102. Where can a PCA find a formation regarding local restrictions on pesticide use?
A. Local farm Bureaus publications
B. Country agricultural commission office
C. Department of public health website
103. The head of a mite is called an
A. Indiosoma
B. Cheliara
C. Gnathosuma
104. Which term defines a chemical reaction between pesticides and water pesticide breakdown?
A. Oxidation reduction
B. Hydrolysis
C. Microbial degradation
105. Which of the following problems can soil tillage cause?
A. It brings certain ectoparasitic remedies to the soil surface
B. It increases population to certain perennial weeds
C. It creates food sources for certain soil dwelling insects
106. Most insects that parasitize other insects belongs to the orders
A. Thysanoptera and Optera
B. Coleopteran and Diptera
C. Hymanopera and Diptera
107. Which practice can help reduce volatilization of a soil incorporated pesticide?
A. Disking
B. Chaining
C. Tarping
108. A PCA’s best protection from liability should a problem such as crop damage arise is the
A. Pesticide and labelling
B. Certified damage estimate
C. Written recommendation
109. A biotic plant diseases are those caused by
A. Fungal spores
B. Insect vectors
C. Non-living factors
110. What is a common sampling unit used to measure weeds in a land scape?
A. Isack point with a larger area
B. A root taken from adjacent location
C. A marked point of string along a treatment
111. The most common way for pesticides to get into surface water is through
A. Runoff
B. Bioaccumulation
C. Leaching
112.which activity allows for the integration of other pest management techniques to relieve
selection pressure?
A. Planting both transgenic crops and reservoir crops
B. Early detection and monitoring of pesticide resistance
C. Coordinating planting dates and phenology models
113. Which methods can be used to reduce pesticide drift
A. Use adjuvants whenever possible and spray using nozzles with a smaller orifice
B. Spray perpendicular to sensitive areas and use the highest spray pressure possible
C. Increase droplet size and reduce the distance between nozzle and the target.
114. What type of mouth parts are found on grasshoppers
A. Siphoning mouthparts
B. Chewing mouthparts
C. Piercing sucking mouthparts
115. Which of the following statements is true about organic farming
A. Organic farmers cannot use IPM because it includes chemical pesticide use
B. Pesticides are not allowed in organic farming but synthetic fertilizers are acceptable
C. IPM practices can be integrated into farming practices from conventional to organic
116. The immatures of insects that have complete metamorphosis are called
A. Larvae
B. Nymphs
C. Juveniles
117. which statement defines a monocot?
A. A plant with leaves having netlike veins and flower parts in fours or multiples of four
B. A plant with leaves having parallel veins and flower parts in threes or multiple of three
C. A plant with leaves having irregular veins and flower parts in twos or multiples of two
118. ElisA testing kits are useful for identifying
A. Pest compasses
B. Disease vectors
C. Plant pathogens
119. What fruit common to strategists makes them successful pests in areas where competition is
low?
A. High offspring survival rates
B. Efficient host finding ability
C. Long life cycle
120. Which characteristics is used to define a community of organisms?
A. Its dominant species
B. Its age distribution
C. Its population density
121. How does the amount of clay and organic matter in soil influence pesticide persistence
A. High clay soil influence pesticide persistence
B. High clay and organic matter levels increase leaching
C. High clay and organic matter levels increase oxidation
122. perennial weeds have vegetative reproductive structures such as
A. Stolon and taproots
B. Tubers and bulbs
C. Hypocotyl any Rhizomes
123. spider have multiple eyes while insects generally have
A. Compound eyes
B. Complex eyes
C. Single eyes
124. Which pest management tool often exploits weak links to a pest life cycle or behavior?
A. Chemical control
B. Cultural control
C. Biological control
125. which statement describes an advantage of using common nerves to identify organisms
A. Common nerves are normally the ones listed on a pesticide label
B. Common nerves are usually indicative of relationships among organisms
C. Common nerves are typically used on an organism’s characteristics
126. if an agriculture commodity is found to have residuals of pesticide that is not registered for
that commodity it will be
A. Designated fit for livestock field only
B. Considered a public nuisance
C. Held in storage or continued until the residence disagree
127.An emptied container that held less than 29 gallons of a liquid pesticide shall be triple rinsed
unless it
A. Is returned to the pesticide denser
B. Held ready to use pesticide
C. Held diluted pesticide
128. When can there be exemptions from requirement to wear personal protective equipment
during the application of pesticides with ground equipment
A. A certified crop advisor or pest control advisor
B. A handler works upwind when mixing pesticides with other formulations with inhalation
hazard
C. An application works from an enclosed lab on the application equipment
129. When can a grower deviate from giving an oral notification for a field that is under a restricted
entry interval?
A. The field is posted with pesticide warning signs and the product does not require duali
notification
B. The restricted entry interval is 12 hours or less
C. Mere is no foliage or vegetation present in the field
130. What types of pesticides containers can be possessed with no requirements for a storage
facility with warning sign?
A. Any container holding less than one gallon liquid or 10 pounds dry pesticide
B. Proper or plastic bags that are holding or held a registered plant growth regulator
C. Containers that are holding or held pesticides registered for home use
131. A pesticide storage facility warning sign must be readable from a distance of
A. 25ft
B. 35ft
C. 50ft
132. What type of exercise application is specifically targeted with pesticide use regulations for
mitigating Surface water contamination
A. aerial application of volatile pesticides
B. Shallow soil fumigant application
C. dorment season insecticide treatment
133. Who is required to provide the notification of a completed pesticide application to the
agriculture property operator
A. pest control business that completed the application
B. pest control advisor who wrote the recommendation
C. local County agriculture commissioner that approve the application
134. What type of evolution is required under the medical supervision regulation
A. baseline red cell and plasma cholinesterase
B. lung capacity and inhalation/exhalation ratio
C. electrolyte cation exchange and lipid levels
135. which of the following statements is used in labeling to indicate a pesticide is subject to be
protective measures?
A. Hazard to bees
B. Danger to bees
C. Toxic to bees
136. The required distance between apertures and applicators of pesticides covered by the bee
protection measures to
A. 1 mile
B. 1 ½ miles
C. 2 miles
137. Who is responsible for compliance with restricted material permit conditions?
A. Designated agent identified in the permit
B. Persons who sign the permit
C. Property operator named in the permit
138. Prearranged emergency medical care information must be displayed at the
A. Facility office
B. Pesticide dealers’ storefront
C. Pesticide worksite
170. Which pesticides for commercial or research production of agricultural land commodities
require employee handler participate in medical supervision activities
A. Organophosphate or carbamate pesticides with the signal words “Danger” Or Warning”
B. Liquid or flowable formulation defoliants with “Danger” Poison” and “danger” signal words
C. Pesticide soil fumigants with “Danger/Poison” and “Danger” signal words
171. Which agency produces the pesticide safety information serious
A. department of food and agriculture
B. US Environmental Protection Agency
C. department of pesticide regulation
176. Report of pesticides applied for the production of an agricultural commodity buy a pest
control business must be file with the County agriculture of commodious
A. 5 Days
B. 7 Days
C. 30 Days
177. How many hours before the application of a pesticide covered by the bee protection measures
must notification be given
A. 24 hour
B. 48 hour
C. 36 hour
178. where must pesticides containers be kept in a locked enclosure
A. If transporting pesticides containers that hold more than 5 gallons or more than 10 pounds of
material
B. If pesticide containers are not under your personal control
C. If pesticide containers are not labeled