hw networks

Due date 4/10/2013

Communication Protocols Analysis

1- OSI model

2- UDP

3- TCP/IP protocols

4- NAT (Network Address Translation)

5- Communication Protocols Recommendations (revise)

For Cane Ridge Medical Center, I will recommend the use of a client-server model, TCP/IP and UDP for distributed networking. It turns out that these standard protocols provide considerable help with the low-level details of reliable network communications.

Using client-server model with standard protocols such as TCP/IP for distributed networking turns out that, these standard protocols provide considerable help with the low-level details of reliable network communications. In client-server applications, the server provides some service, such as processing database queries or sending out current stock prices. The client uses the service provided by the server, either displaying database query results to the user or making stock purchase recommendations to an investor. The communication that occurs between the client and the server must be reliable. That is, no data can be dropped and it must arrive on the client side in the same order in which the server sent it.

There are many types of servers we encounter in a distributed system. For example, file servers manage disk storage units on which file systems reside. Database servers house databases and make them available to clients. Network name servers implement a mapping between a symbolic name or a service description and a value such as an IP address and port number for a process that provides the service.

The Internet Protocol (IP) suite is the set of communication protocols that allow for communication on the Internet and most commercial networks. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the core protocols of this suite. Using TCP, clients and servers can create connections to one another, over which they can exchange data in packets. The protocol guarantees reliable and in-order delivery of data from sender to receiver.

The IP suite can be viewed as a set of layers, each layer having the property that it only uses the functions of the layer below, and only exports functionality to the layer above. A system that implements protocol behavior consisting of layers is known as a protocol stack. Protocol stacks can be implemented either in hardware or software, or a mixture of both. Typically, only the lower layers are implemented in hardware, with the higher layers being implemented in software.