steel ” RAM program “

hello 

 

there is a design i worked in, but i could not complete it,

 

if any one knows how to work in ram program, i really need his/her help 

 

i will upload the desgin that i did, and i will posted the guidline how to complete this job. 

 

here is the explniation for how to do the desgin and its report 🙂 

 

also i will upload instrucsions for how to design in this program 🙂 ! check 

  

these the sites for the explnaition and what i want from you 

 

http://postimg.org/image/ndrokk6r1/
http://postimg.org/image/xjmhy1zsh/
http://postimg.org/image/mviqz7ptd/
http://postimg.org/image/5474kraep/

  

check the attachment for my uncomplete desgin and for the instructions how to use this program 

  

i need this desgin just for steel 🙂 ! 

and remember i am offereing 60$ for this and the deadline is after 6 hours MAX

steelDesign.b3d

steelDesign.bmp

steelDesign.bms
;MasterTable=RAMAISC.TAB
I
M3X2.9 /
M4X3.2 /
M4X3.45 /
M6X3.7 /
M4X4.08 /
M6X4.4 /
M4X6 /
M8X6.2 /
M8X6.5 /
M10X7.5 /
M10X8 /
W6X8.5 /
M10X9 /
W6X9 /
M12X10 /
W8X10 *
M12X10.8 /
M12.5X11.6 /
M12X11.8 /
W10X12 *
W6X12 /
M12.5X12.4 /
W8X13 +
W4X13 /
W12X14 *
W10X15 +
W8X15 +
W6X15 /
W12X16 *
W6X16 /
W5X16 /
W10X17 +
W8X18 +
M5X18.9 /
W12X19 *
W10X19 +
W5X19 /
W6X20 /
W8X21 +
W14X22 *
W12X22 +
W10X22 +
W8X24 +
W6X25 /
W16X26 *
W14X26 +
W12X26 +
W10X26 +
W8X28 +
W16X31 *
W14X30 +
W12X30 +
W10X30 +
W8X31 +
W10X33 +
W18X35 *
W14X34 +
W12X35 +
W8X35 +
W16X36 +
W14X38 +
W10X39 +
W18X40 *
W16X40 +
W12X40 +
W8X40 +
W14X43 +
W21X44 *
W16X45 +
W12X45 +
W10X45 +
W18X46 +
W21X48 +
W14X48 +
W8X48 +
W10X49 +
W21X50 *
W18X50 +
W16X50 +
W12X50 +
W14X53 +
W12X53 +
W10X54 +
W24X55 *
W21X55 +
W18X55 +
W21X57 +
W16X57 +
W12X58 +
W8X58 +
W18X60 +
W10X60 +
W14X61 +
W24X62 *
W21X62 +
W18X65 +
W12X65 +
W16X67 +
W8X67 +
W24X68 *
W21X68 +
W14X68 +
W10X68 +
W18X71 +
W12X72 +
W21X73 +
W14X74 +
W24X76 *
W18X76 +
W16X77 +
W10X77 +
W12X79 +
W14X82 +
W21X83 +
W27X84 *
W24X84 +
W18X86 +
W12X87 +
W10X88 +
W16X89 +
W30X90 *
W14X90 +
W21X93 +
W27X94 *
W24X94 +
W12X96 +
W18X97 +
W30X99 *
W14X99 +
W16X100 +
W10X100 +
W21X101 +
W27X102 +
W24X103 +
W24X104 +
W18X106 +
W12X106 +
W30X108 *
W14X109 +
W21X111 +
W10X112 +
W27X114 +
W30X116 *
W24X117 +
W33X118 *
W18X119 +
W14X120 +
W12X120 +
W21X122 +
W30X124 +
W27X129 +
W33X130 *
W18X130 +
W24X131 +
W30X132 +
W21X132 +
W14X132 +
W36X135 *
W12X136 +
W33X141 *
W18X143 +
W14X145 +
W27X146 +
W24X146 +
W21X147 +
W30X148 +
W40X149 *
W36X150 +
W33X152 +
W12X152 +
W18X158 +
W14X159 +
W36X160 *
W27X161 +
W24X162 +
W21X166 +
W40X167 *
W33X169 +
W36X170 +
W12X170 +
W30X173 +
W18X175 +
W24X176 +
W14X176 +
W27X178 +
W36X182 *
W21X182 +
W40X183 *
W12X190 +
W30X191 +
W24X192 +
W18X192 +
W14X193 +
W36X194 +
W27X194 +
W40X199 *
W33X201 +
W21X201 +
W24X207 +
W36X210 +
W12X210 +
W40X211 *
W30X211 +
W18X211 +
W14X211 +
W40X215 *
W27X217 +
W33X221 +
W24X229 +
W44X230 *
W36X231 +
W12X230 +
W36X232 +
W14X233 +
W18X234 +
W40X235 +
W30X235 +
W27X235 +
W33X241 +
W36X247 +
W40X249 *
W24X250 +
W12X252 +
W36X256 +
W14X257 +
W27X258 +
W18X258 +
W30X261 +
W44X262 *
W36X262 +
W33X263 +
W40X264 +
W40X277 +
W40X278 +
W24X279 +
W12X279 +
W27X281 +
W36X282 +
W18X283 +
W14X283 +
W44X290 *
W33X291 +
W30X292 +
W40X294 +
W40X297 +
W36X302 +
W12X305 +
W24X306 +
W27X307 +
W18X311 +
W14X311 +
W33X318 +
W40X324 *
W30X326 +
W40X327 +
W36X330 +
W40X331 +
W44X335 *
W24X335 +
W27X336 +
W12X336 +
W14X342 +
W33X354 +
W30X357 +
W36X361 +
W40X362 *
W27X368 +
W24X370 +
W14X370 +
W40X372 *
W33X387 +
W30X391 +
W40X392 *
W36X395 +
W40X397 *
W14X398 +
W14X426 +
W40X431 *
W36X441 +
W14X455 +
W36X487 *
W14X500 +
W40X503 *
W36X529 *
W27X539 +
W14X550 +
W40X593 *
W14X605 +
W40X655 *
W36X652 *
W14X665 +
W36X723 *
W14X730 +
W36X802 *
W14X808 +
W36X853 *
W14X873 +
W36X925 *
Channel
C3X3.5 /
C3X4.1 /
C4X4.5 /
C3X5 /
C4X5.4 *
C3X6 /
MC10X6.5 *
MC6X6.5 +
C5X6.7 *
MC6X7 +
MC3X7.1 /
C4X7.2 +
C6X8.2 *
MC10X8.4 *
MC8X8.5 +
C5X9 +
C7X9.8 +
C6X10.5 +
MC12X10.6 *
C8X11.5 +
MC6X12 +
C7X12.2 +
C6X13 +
C9X13.4 *
C8X13.7 +
MC4X13.8 +
C9X15 *
C7X14.7 +
MC6X15.1 +
C10X15.3 *
MC6X15.3 +
MC6X16.3 +
MC6X18 +
MC8X18.7 +
C8X18.7 +
MC7X19.1 +
C10X20 *
C9X20 +
MC8X20 +
C12X20.7 *
MC8X21.4 +
MC10X22 +
MC7X22.7 +
MC8X22.8 +
MC9X23.9 +
C12X25 *
C10X25 +
MC10X25 +
MC9X25.4 +
MC10X28.5 *
C12X30 *
C10X30 +
MC12X31 *
MC13X31.8 *
MC10X33.6 +
C15X33.9 *
MC13X35 +
MC12X35 +
C15X40 *
MC13X40 +
MC12X40 +
MC10X41.1 +
MC18X42.7 *
MC12X45 +
MC18X45.8 *
C15X50 *
MC13X50 +
MC12X50 +
MC18X51.9 *
MC18X58 *
TS
HSS3.5X1.5X1/8 /
HSS3X2X1/8 /
HSS3.5X2X1/8 /
HSS3X2.5X1/8 /
HSS4X2X1/8 *
HSS3X3X1/8 /
HSS4X2.5X1/8 *
HSS3.5X1.5X3/16 /
HSS3X2X3/16 /
HSS5X2X1/8 *
HSS4X3X1/8 +
HSS3.5X3.5X1/8 /
HSS5X2.5X1/8 *
HSS3.5X2X3/16 /
HSS3X2.5X3/16 /
HSS6X2X1/8 *
HSS5X3X1/8 +
HSS4X4X1/8 +
HSS3X3X3/16 /
HSS4X2X3/16 +
HSS3.5X1.5X1/4 /
HSS3X2X1/4 /
HSS7X2X1/8 *
HSS6X3X1/8 +
HSS5X4X1/8 +
HSS4.5X4.5X1/8 +
HSS4X2.5X3/16 +
HSS3.5X2X1/4 /
HSS3X2.5X1/4 /
HSS3.5X3.5X3/16 /
HSS8X2X1/8 *
HSS7X3X1/8 +
HSS6X4X1/8 +
HSS5X5X1/8 +
HSS5X2X3/16 +
HSS4X3X3/16 +
HSS3X2X5/16 /
HSS4X2X1/4 +
HSS3X3X1/4 /
HSS5X2.5X3/16 +
HSS8X3X1/8 *
HSS7X4X1/8 +
HSS6X5X1/8 +
HSS5.5X5.5X1/8 +
HSS4X4X3/16 +
HSS6X2X3/16 +
HSS5X3X3/16 +
HSS3X2.5X5/16 /
HSS4X2.5X1/4 +
HSS10X2X1/8 *
HSS8X4X1/8 +
HSS7X5X1/8 +
HSS6X6X1/8 +
HSS5X2X1/4 +
HSS4X3X1/4 +
HSS3.5X3.5X1/4 /
HSS4X2X5/16 +
HSS3X3X5/16 /
HSS10X3X1/8 *
HSS7X2X3/16 +
HSS6X3X3/16 +
HSS5X4X3/16 +
HSS4.5X4.5X3/16 +
HSS10X3.5X1/8 *
HSS5X2.5X1/4 +
HSS10X4X1/8 *
HSS7X7X1/8 +
HSS4X2.5X5/16 +
HSS8X2X3/16 +
HSS7X3X3/16 +
HSS6X4X3/16 +
HSS5X5X3/16 +
HSS4X2X3/8 +
HSS3X3X3/8 /
HSS6X2X1/4 +
HSS5X3X1/4 +
HSS4X4X1/4 +
HSS5X2X5/16 +
HSS4X3X5/16 +
HSS3.5X3.5X5/16 /
HSS5.5X5.5X3/16 +
HSS8X8X1/8 *
HSS8X3X3/16 +
HSS7X4X3/16 +
HSS6X5X3/16 +
HSS4X2.5X3/8 +
HSS7X2X1/4 +
HSS6X3X1/4 +
HSS5X4X1/4 +
HSS4.5X4.5X1/4 +
HSS10X2X3/16 *
HSS9X3X3/16 +
HSS8X4X3/16 +
HSS7X5X3/16 +
HSS6X6X3/16 +
HSS5X2X3/8 +
HSS4X3X3/8 +
HSS3.5X3.5X3/8 /
HSS6X2X5/16 +
HSS5X3X5/16 +
HSS4X4X5/16 +
HSS9X9X1/8 *
HSS8X2X1/4 +
HSS7X3X1/4 +
HSS6X4X1/4 +
HSS5X5X1/4 +
HSS10X3X3/16 +
HSS10X3.5X3/16 *
HSS6X3X5/16 +
HSS5X4X5/16 +
HSS4.5X4.5X5/16 +
HSS12X2X3/16 *
HSS10X4X3/16 +
HSS9X5X3/16 +
HSS8X6X3/16 +
HSS7X7X3/16 +
HSS6X2X3/8 +
HSS5X3X3/8 +
HSS4X4X3/8 +
HSS8X3X1/4 +
HSS7X4X1/4 +
HSS6X5X1/4 +
HSS5.5X5.5X1/4 +
HSS12X3X3/16 *
HSS10X5X3/16 +
HSS10X2X1/4 +
HSS9X3X1/4 +
HSS8X4X1/4 +
HSS7X5X1/4 +
HSS6X6X1/4 +
HSS5X5X5/16 +
HSS8X2X5/16 +
HSS7X3X5/16 +
HSS6X4X5/16 +
HSS8X8X3/16 +
HSS12X4X3/16 *
HSS10X6X3/16 +
HSS9X7X3/16 +
HSS6X3X3/8 +
HSS5X4X3/8 +
HSS4.5X4.5X3/8 +
HSS10X3X1/4 +
HSS8X3X5/16 +
HSS7X4X5/16 +
HSS6X5X5/16 +
HSS5.5X5.5X5/16 +
HSS10X3.5X1/4 +
HSS5X3X1/2 +
HSS4X4X1/2 +
HSS14X4X3/16 *
HSS12X6X3/16 +
HSS10X8X3/16 +
HSS9X9X3/16 +
HSS8X2X3/8 +
HSS7X3X3/8 +
HSS6X4X3/8 +
HSS5X5X3/8 +
HSS12X2X1/4 +
HSS10X4X1/4 +
HSS9X5X1/4 +
HSS8X6X1/4 +
HSS7X7X1/4 +
HSS10X2X5/16 +
HSS9X3X5/16 +
HSS8X4X5/16 +
HSS7X5X5/16 +
HSS6X6X5/16 +
HSS12X3X1/4 +
HSS10X5X1/4 +
HSS16X4X3/16 *
HSS14X6X3/16 +
HSS10X10X3/16 +
HSS12X8X3/16 +
HSS8X3X3/8 +
HSS7X4X3/8 +
HSS6X5X3/8 +
HSS5.5X5.5X3/8 +
HSS6X3X1/2 +
HSS5X4X1/2 +
HSS4.5X4.5X1/2 +
HSS10X3X5/16 +
HSS12X4X1/4 +
HSS10X6X1/4 +
HSS9X7X1/4 +
HSS8X8X1/4 +
HSS10X3.5X5/16 +
HSS10X2X3/8 +
HSS9X3X3/8 +
HSS8X4X3/8 +
HSS7X5X3/8 +
HSS6X6X3/8 +
HSS7X7X5/16 +
HSS12X2X5/16 +
HSS10X4X5/16 +
HSS9X5X5/16 +
HSS8X6X5/16 +
HSS7X3X1/2 +
HSS6X4X1/2 +
HSS5X5X1/2 +
HSS14X4X1/4 *
HSS12X6X1/4 +
HSS10X8X1/4 +
HSS9X9X1/4 +
HSS12X3X5/16 +
HSS10X5X5/16 +
HSS12X12X3/16 *
HSS10X3X3/8 +
HSS12X3.5X5/16 +
HSS10X3.5X3/8 +
HSS8X3X1/2 +
HSS7X4X1/2 +
HSS6X5X1/2 +
HSS12X4X5/16 +
HSS10X6X5/16 +
HSS9X7X5/16 +
HSS8X8X5/16 +
HSS10X4X3/8 +
HSS9X5X3/8 +
HSS8X6X3/8 +
HSS7X7X3/8 +
HSS12X8X1/4 *
HSS10X10X1/4 +
HSS16X4X1/4 *
HSS14X6X1/4 +
HSS10X5X3/8 +
HSS9X3X1/2 +
HSS8X4X1/2 +
HSS7X5X1/2 +
HSS6X6X1/2 +
HSS12X10X1/4 *
HSS9X9X5/16 +
HSS14X4X5/16 +
HSS12X6X5/16 +
HSS10X8X5/16 +
HSS12X3.5X3/8 +
HSS12X4X3/8 +
HSS10X6X3/8 +
HSS9X7X3/8 +
HSS8X8X3/8 +
HSS12X12X1/4 *
HSS20X4X1/4 *
HSS18X6X1/4 +
HSS16X8X1/4 +
HSS14X10X1/4 +
HSS10X3.5X1/2 +
HSS16X4X5/16 +
HSS14X6X5/16 +
HSS10X10X5/16 +
HSS12X8X5/16 +
HSS10X4X1/2 +
HSS9X5X1/2 +
HSS8X6X1/2 +
HSS7X7X1/2 +
HSS8X4X5/8 +
HSS6X6X5/8 +
HSS14X4X3/8 +
HSS12X6X3/8 +
HSS10X8X3/8 +
HSS9X9X3/8 +
HSS12X10X5/16 +
HSS12X8X3/8 +
HSS10X10X3/8 +
HSS16X4X3/8 +
HSS14X6X3/8 +
HSS12X4X1/2 +
HSS10X6X1/2 +
HSS9X7X1/2 +
HSS8X8X1/2 +
HSS12X12X5/16 +
HSS20X4X5/16 *
HSS18X6X5/16 +
HSS16X8X5/16 +
HSS14X10X5/16 +
HSS10X4X5/8 +
HSS9X5X5/8 +
HSS8X6X5/8 +
HSS7X7X5/8 +
HSS12X10X3/8 +
HSS14X4X1/2 +
HSS12X6X1/2 +
HSS10X8X1/2 +
HSS9X9X1/2 +
HSS20X8X5/16 *
HSS14X14X5/16 +
HSS16X12X5/16 +
HSS12X12X3/8 +
HSS20X4X3/8 +
HSS18X6X3/8 +
HSS16X8X3/8 +
HSS14X10X3/8 +
HSS12X4X5/8 +
HSS10X6X5/8 +
HSS9X7X5/8 +
HSS8X8X5/8 +
HSS16X4X1/2 +
HSS14X6X1/2 +
HSS12X8X1/2 +
HSS10X10X1/2 +
HSS20X12X5/16 *
HSS16X16X5/16 +
HSS14X4X5/8 +
HSS12X6X5/8 +
HSS10X8X5/8 +
HSS9X9X5/8 +
HSS14X14X3/8 +
HSS20X8X3/8 +
HSS16X12X3/8 +
HSS12X10X1/2 +
HSS20X4X1/2 +
HSS18X6X1/2 +
HSS16X8X1/2 +
HSS14X10X1/2 +
HSS12X12X1/2 +
HSS16X4X5/8 +
HSS14X6X5/8 +
HSS12X8X5/8 +
HSS10X10X5/8 +
HSS20X12X3/8 *
HSS16X16X3/8 +
HSS20X8X1/2 *
HSS16X12X1/2 +
HSS14X14X1/2 +
HSS10X10X3/4 +
HSS18X6X5/8 +
HSS16X8X5/8 +
HSS14X10X5/8 +
HSS12X12X5/8 +
HSS20X12X1/2 *
HSS16X16X1/2 +
HSS20X8X5/8 +
HSS16X12X5/8 +
HSS14X14X5/8 +
HSS12X12X3/4 +
HSS24X12X1/2 *
HSS18X18X1/2 +
HSS20X12X5/8 +
HSS16X16X5/8 +
HSS16X16X5/8 +
HSS20X20X1/2 *
HSS16X12X3/4 +
HSS14X14X3/4 +
HSS24X12X5/8 *
HSS18X18X5/8 +
HSS14X14X7/8 +
HSS20X12X3/4 *
HSS16X16X3/4 +
HSS20X20X5/8 *
HSS24X12X3/4 *
HSS18X18X3/4 +
HSS16X16X7/8 +
HSS20X20X3/4 *
HSS18X18X7/8 +
HSS22X22X3/4 *
HSS20X20X7/8 +
HSS22X22X7/8 *

steelDesign.bms2
;MasterTable=RAMAISC.TAB
I
M3X2.9 /
M4X3.2 /
M4X3.45 /
M6X3.7 /
M4X4.08 /
M6X4.4 /
M4X6 /
M8X6.2 /
M8X6.5 /
M10X7.5 /
M10X8 /
W6X8.5 /
M10X9 /
W6X9 /
M12X10 /
W8X10 *
M12X10.8 /
M12.5X11.6 /
M12X11.8 /
W10X12 *
W6X12 /
M12.5X12.4 /
W8X13 +
W4X13 /
W12X14 *
W10X15 +
W8X15 +
W6X15 /
W12X16 *
W6X16 /
W5X16 /
W10X17 +
W8X18 +
M5X18.9 /
W12X19 *
W10X19 +
W5X19 /
W6X20 /
W8X21 +
W14X22 *
W12X22 +
W10X22 +
W8X24 +
W6X25 /
W16X26 *
W14X26 +
W12X26 +
W10X26 +
W8X28 +
W16X31 *
W14X30 +
W12X30 +
W10X30 +
W8X31 +
W10X33 +
W18X35 *
W14X34 +
W12X35 +
W8X35 +
W16X36 +
W14X38 +
W10X39 +
W18X40 *
W16X40 +
W12X40 +
W8X40 +
W14X43 +
W21X44 *
W16X45 +
W12X45 +
W10X45 +
W18X46 +
W21X48 +
W14X48 +
W8X48 +
W10X49 +
W21X50 *
W18X50 +
W16X50 +
W12X50 +
W14X53 +
W12X53 +
W10X54 +
W24X55 *
W21X55 +
W18X55 +
W21X57 +
W16X57 +
W12X58 +
W8X58 +
W18X60 +
W10X60 +
W14X61 +
W24X62 *
W21X62 +
W18X65 +
W12X65 +
W16X67 +
W8X67 +
W24X68 *
W21X68 +
W14X68 +
W10X68 +
W18X71 +
W12X72 +
W21X73 +
W14X74 +
W24X76 *
W18X76 +
W16X77 +
W10X77 +
W12X79 +
W14X82 +
W21X83 +
W27X84 *
W24X84 +
W18X86 +
W12X87 +
W10X88 +
W16X89 +
W30X90 *
W14X90 +
W21X93 +
W27X94 *
W24X94 +
W12X96 +
W18X97 +
W30X99 *
W14X99 +
W16X100 +
W10X100 +
W21X101 +
W27X102 +
W24X103 +
W24X104 +
W18X106 +
W12X106 +
W30X108 *
W14X109 +
W21X111 +
W10X112 +
W27X114 +
W30X116 *
W24X117 +
W33X118 *
W18X119 +
W14X120 +
W12X120 +
W21X122 +
W30X124 +
W27X129 +
W33X130 *
W18X130 +
W24X131 +
W30X132 +
W21X132 +
W14X132 +
W36X135 *
W12X136 +
W33X141 *
W18X143 +
W14X145 +
W27X146 +
W24X146 +
W21X147 +
W30X148 +
W40X149 *
W36X150 +
W33X152 +
W12X152 +
W18X158 +
W14X159 +
W36X160 *
W27X161 +
W24X162 +
W21X166 +
W40X167 *
W33X169 +
W36X170 +
W12X170 +
W30X173 +
W18X175 +
W24X176 +
W14X176 +
W27X178 +
W36X182 *
W21X182 +
W40X183 *
W12X190 +
W30X191 +
W24X192 +
W18X192 +
W14X193 +
W36X194 +
W27X194 +
W40X199 *
W33X201 +
W21X201 +
W24X207 +
W36X210 +
W12X210 +
W40X211 *
W30X211 +
W18X211 +
W14X211 +
W40X215 *
W27X217 +
W33X221 +
W24X229 +
W44X230 *
W36X231 +
W12X230 +
W36X232 +
W14X233 +
W18X234 +
W40X235 +
W30X235 +
W27X235 +
W33X241 +
W36X247 +
W40X249 *
W24X250 +
W12X252 +
W36X256 +
W14X257 +
W27X258 +
W18X258 +
W30X261 +
W44X262 *
W36X262 +
W33X263 +
W40X264 +
W40X277 +
W40X278 +
W24X279 +
W12X279 +
W27X281 +
W36X282 +
W18X283 +
W14X283 +
W44X290 *
W33X291 +
W30X292 +
W40X294 +
W40X297 +
W36X302 +
W12X305 +
W24X306 +
W27X307 +
W18X311 +
W14X311 +
W33X318 +
W40X324 *
W30X326 +
W40X327 +
W36X330 +
W40X331 +
W44X335 *
W24X335 +
W27X336 +
W12X336 +
W14X342 +
W33X354 +
W30X357 +
W36X361 +
W40X362 *
W27X368 +
W24X370 +
W14X370 +
W40X372 *
W33X387 +
W30X391 +
W40X392 *
W36X395 +
W40X397 *
W14X398 +
W14X426 +
W40X431 *
W36X441 +
W14X455 +
W36X487 *
W14X500 +
W40X503 *
W36X529 *
W27X539 +
W14X550 +
W40X593 *
W14X605 +
W40X655 *
W36X652 *
W14X665 +
W36X723 *
W14X730 +
W36X802 *
W14X808 +
W36X853 *
W14X873 +
W36X925 *
Channel
C3X3.5 /
C3X4.1 /
C4X4.5 /
C3X5 /
C4X5.4 *
C3X6 /
MC10X6.5 *
MC6X6.5 +
C5X6.7 *
MC6X7 +
MC3X7.1 /
C4X7.2 +
C6X8.2 *
MC10X8.4 *
MC8X8.5 +
C5X9 +
C7X9.8 +
C6X10.5 +
MC12X10.6 *
C8X11.5 +
MC6X12 +
C7X12.2 +
C6X13 +
C9X13.4 *
C8X13.7 +
MC4X13.8 +
C9X15 *
C7X14.7 +
MC6X15.1 +
C10X15.3 *
MC6X15.3 +
MC6X16.3 +
MC6X18 +
MC8X18.7 +
C8X18.7 +
MC7X19.1 +
C10X20 *
C9X20 +
MC8X20 +
C12X20.7 *
MC8X21.4 +
MC10X22 +
MC7X22.7 +
MC8X22.8 +
MC9X23.9 +
C12X25 *
C10X25 +
MC10X25 +
MC9X25.4 +
MC10X28.5 *
C12X30 *
C10X30 +
MC12X31 *
MC13X31.8 *
MC10X33.6 +
C15X33.9 *
MC13X35 +
MC12X35 +
C15X40 *
MC13X40 +
MC12X40 +
MC10X41.1 +
MC18X42.7 *
MC12X45 +
MC18X45.8 *
C15X50 *
MC13X50 +
MC12X50 +
MC18X51.9 *
MC18X58 *
TS
HSS3.5X1.5X1/8 /
HSS3X2X1/8 /
HSS3.5X2X1/8 /
HSS3X2.5X1/8 /
HSS4X2X1/8 *
HSS3X3X1/8 /
HSS4X2.5X1/8 *
HSS3.5X1.5X3/16 /
HSS3X2X3/16 /
HSS5X2X1/8 *
HSS4X3X1/8 +
HSS3.5X3.5X1/8 /
HSS5X2.5X1/8 *
HSS3.5X2X3/16 /
HSS3X2.5X3/16 /
HSS6X2X1/8 *
HSS5X3X1/8 +
HSS4X4X1/8 +
HSS3X3X3/16 /
HSS4X2X3/16 +
HSS3.5X1.5X1/4 /
HSS3X2X1/4 /
HSS7X2X1/8 *
HSS6X3X1/8 +
HSS5X4X1/8 +
HSS4.5X4.5X1/8 +
HSS4X2.5X3/16 +
HSS3.5X2X1/4 /
HSS3X2.5X1/4 /
HSS3.5X3.5X3/16 /
HSS8X2X1/8 *
HSS7X3X1/8 +
HSS6X4X1/8 +
HSS5X5X1/8 +
HSS5X2X3/16 +
HSS4X3X3/16 +
HSS3X2X5/16 /
HSS4X2X1/4 +
HSS3X3X1/4 /
HSS5X2.5X3/16 +
HSS8X3X1/8 *
HSS7X4X1/8 +
HSS6X5X1/8 +
HSS5.5X5.5X1/8 +
HSS4X4X3/16 +
HSS6X2X3/16 +
HSS5X3X3/16 +
HSS3X2.5X5/16 /
HSS4X2.5X1/4 +
HSS10X2X1/8 *
HSS8X4X1/8 +
HSS7X5X1/8 +
HSS6X6X1/8 +
HSS5X2X1/4 +
HSS4X3X1/4 +
HSS3.5X3.5X1/4 /
HSS4X2X5/16 +
HSS3X3X5/16 /
HSS10X3X1/8 *
HSS7X2X3/16 +
HSS6X3X3/16 +
HSS5X4X3/16 +
HSS4.5X4.5X3/16 +
HSS10X3.5X1/8 *
HSS5X2.5X1/4 +
HSS10X4X1/8 *
HSS7X7X1/8 +
HSS4X2.5X5/16 +
HSS8X2X3/16 +
HSS7X3X3/16 +
HSS6X4X3/16 +
HSS5X5X3/16 +
HSS4X2X3/8 +
HSS3X3X3/8 /
HSS6X2X1/4 +
HSS5X3X1/4 +
HSS4X4X1/4 +
HSS5X2X5/16 +
HSS4X3X5/16 +
HSS3.5X3.5X5/16 /
HSS5.5X5.5X3/16 +
HSS8X8X1/8 *
HSS8X3X3/16 +
HSS7X4X3/16 +
HSS6X5X3/16 +
HSS4X2.5X3/8 +
HSS7X2X1/4 +
HSS6X3X1/4 +
HSS5X4X1/4 +
HSS4.5X4.5X1/4 +
HSS10X2X3/16 *
HSS9X3X3/16 +
HSS8X4X3/16 +
HSS7X5X3/16 +
HSS6X6X3/16 +
HSS5X2X3/8 +
HSS4X3X3/8 +
HSS3.5X3.5X3/8 /
HSS6X2X5/16 +
HSS5X3X5/16 +
HSS4X4X5/16 +
HSS9X9X1/8 *
HSS8X2X1/4 +
HSS7X3X1/4 +
HSS6X4X1/4 +
HSS5X5X1/4 +
HSS10X3X3/16 +
HSS10X3.5X3/16 *
HSS6X3X5/16 +
HSS5X4X5/16 +
HSS4.5X4.5X5/16 +
HSS12X2X3/16 *
HSS10X4X3/16 +
HSS9X5X3/16 +
HSS8X6X3/16 +
HSS7X7X3/16 +
HSS6X2X3/8 +
HSS5X3X3/8 +
HSS4X4X3/8 +
HSS8X3X1/4 +
HSS7X4X1/4 +
HSS6X5X1/4 +
HSS5.5X5.5X1/4 +
HSS12X3X3/16 *
HSS10X5X3/16 +
HSS10X2X1/4 +
HSS9X3X1/4 +
HSS8X4X1/4 +
HSS7X5X1/4 +
HSS6X6X1/4 +
HSS5X5X5/16 +
HSS8X2X5/16 +
HSS7X3X5/16 +
HSS6X4X5/16 +
HSS8X8X3/16 +
HSS12X4X3/16 *
HSS10X6X3/16 +
HSS9X7X3/16 +
HSS6X3X3/8 +
HSS5X4X3/8 +
HSS4.5X4.5X3/8 +
HSS10X3X1/4 +
HSS8X3X5/16 +
HSS7X4X5/16 +
HSS6X5X5/16 +
HSS5.5X5.5X5/16 +
HSS10X3.5X1/4 +
HSS5X3X1/2 +
HSS4X4X1/2 +
HSS14X4X3/16 *
HSS12X6X3/16 +
HSS10X8X3/16 +
HSS9X9X3/16 +
HSS8X2X3/8 +
HSS7X3X3/8 +
HSS6X4X3/8 +
HSS5X5X3/8 +
HSS12X2X1/4 +
HSS10X4X1/4 +
HSS9X5X1/4 +
HSS8X6X1/4 +
HSS7X7X1/4 +
HSS10X2X5/16 +
HSS9X3X5/16 +
HSS8X4X5/16 +
HSS7X5X5/16 +
HSS6X6X5/16 +
HSS12X3X1/4 +
HSS10X5X1/4 +
HSS16X4X3/16 *
HSS14X6X3/16 +
HSS10X10X3/16 +
HSS12X8X3/16 +
HSS8X3X3/8 +
HSS7X4X3/8 +
HSS6X5X3/8 +
HSS5.5X5.5X3/8 +
HSS6X3X1/2 +
HSS5X4X1/2 +
HSS4.5X4.5X1/2 +
HSS10X3X5/16 +
HSS12X4X1/4 +
HSS10X6X1/4 +
HSS9X7X1/4 +
HSS8X8X1/4 +
HSS10X3.5X5/16 +
HSS10X2X3/8 +
HSS9X3X3/8 +
HSS8X4X3/8 +
HSS7X5X3/8 +
HSS6X6X3/8 +
HSS7X7X5/16 +
HSS12X2X5/16 +
HSS10X4X5/16 +
HSS9X5X5/16 +
HSS8X6X5/16 +
HSS7X3X1/2 +
HSS6X4X1/2 +
HSS5X5X1/2 +
HSS14X4X1/4 *
HSS12X6X1/4 +
HSS10X8X1/4 +
HSS9X9X1/4 +
HSS12X3X5/16 +
HSS10X5X5/16 +
HSS12X12X3/16 *
HSS10X3X3/8 +
HSS12X3.5X5/16 +
HSS10X3.5X3/8 +
HSS8X3X1/2 +
HSS7X4X1/2 +
HSS6X5X1/2 +
HSS12X4X5/16 +
HSS10X6X5/16 +
HSS9X7X5/16 +
HSS8X8X5/16 +
HSS10X4X3/8 +
HSS9X5X3/8 +
HSS8X6X3/8 +
HSS7X7X3/8 +
HSS12X8X1/4 *
HSS10X10X1/4 +
HSS16X4X1/4 *
HSS14X6X1/4 +
HSS10X5X3/8 +
HSS9X3X1/2 +
HSS8X4X1/2 +
HSS7X5X1/2 +
HSS6X6X1/2 +
HSS12X10X1/4 *
HSS9X9X5/16 +
HSS14X4X5/16 +
HSS12X6X5/16 +
HSS10X8X5/16 +
HSS12X3.5X3/8 +
HSS12X4X3/8 +
HSS10X6X3/8 +
HSS9X7X3/8 +
HSS8X8X3/8 +
HSS12X12X1/4 *
HSS20X4X1/4 *
HSS18X6X1/4 +
HSS16X8X1/4 +
HSS14X10X1/4 +
HSS10X3.5X1/2 +
HSS16X4X5/16 +
HSS14X6X5/16 +
HSS10X10X5/16 +
HSS12X8X5/16 +
HSS10X4X1/2 +
HSS9X5X1/2 +
HSS8X6X1/2 +
HSS7X7X1/2 +
HSS8X4X5/8 +
HSS6X6X5/8 +
HSS14X4X3/8 +
HSS12X6X3/8 +
HSS10X8X3/8 +
HSS9X9X3/8 +
HSS12X10X5/16 +
HSS12X8X3/8 +
HSS10X10X3/8 +
HSS16X4X3/8 +
HSS14X6X3/8 +
HSS12X4X1/2 +
HSS10X6X1/2 +
HSS9X7X1/2 +
HSS8X8X1/2 +
HSS12X12X5/16 +
HSS20X4X5/16 *
HSS18X6X5/16 +
HSS16X8X5/16 +
HSS14X10X5/16 +
HSS10X4X5/8 +
HSS9X5X5/8 +
HSS8X6X5/8 +
HSS7X7X5/8 +
HSS12X10X3/8 +
HSS14X4X1/2 +
HSS12X6X1/2 +
HSS10X8X1/2 +
HSS9X9X1/2 +
HSS20X8X5/16 *
HSS14X14X5/16 +
HSS16X12X5/16 +
HSS12X12X3/8 +
HSS20X4X3/8 +
HSS18X6X3/8 +
HSS16X8X3/8 +
HSS14X10X3/8 +
HSS12X4X5/8 +
HSS10X6X5/8 +
HSS9X7X5/8 +
HSS8X8X5/8 +
HSS16X4X1/2 +
HSS14X6X1/2 +
HSS12X8X1/2 +
HSS10X10X1/2 +
HSS20X12X5/16 *
HSS16X16X5/16 +
HSS14X4X5/8 +
HSS12X6X5/8 +
HSS10X8X5/8 +
HSS9X9X5/8 +
HSS14X14X3/8 +
HSS20X8X3/8 +
HSS16X12X3/8 +
HSS12X10X1/2 +
HSS20X4X1/2 +
HSS18X6X1/2 +
HSS16X8X1/2 +
HSS14X10X1/2 +
HSS12X12X1/2 +
HSS16X4X5/8 +
HSS14X6X5/8 +
HSS12X8X5/8 +
HSS10X10X5/8 +
HSS20X12X3/8 *
HSS16X16X3/8 +
HSS20X8X1/2 *
HSS16X12X1/2 +
HSS14X14X1/2 +
HSS10X10X3/4 +
HSS18X6X5/8 +
HSS16X8X5/8 +
HSS14X10X5/8 +
HSS12X12X5/8 +
HSS20X12X1/2 *
HSS16X16X1/2 +
HSS20X8X5/8 +
HSS16X12X5/8 +
HSS14X14X5/8 +
HSS12X12X3/4 +
HSS24X12X1/2 *
HSS18X18X1/2 +
HSS20X12X5/8 +
HSS16X16X5/8 +
HSS16X16X5/8 +
HSS20X20X1/2 *
HSS16X12X3/4 +
HSS14X14X3/4 +
HSS24X12X5/8 *
HSS18X18X5/8 +
HSS14X14X7/8 +
HSS20X12X3/4 *
HSS16X16X3/4 +
HSS20X20X5/8 *
HSS24X12X3/4 *
HSS18X18X3/4 +
HSS16X16X7/8 +
HSS20X20X3/4 *
HSS18X18X7/8 +
HSS22X22X3/4 *
HSS20X20X7/8 +
HSS22X22X7/8 *

steelDesign.c3d

steelDesign.cas
E
CB12x10 W8x10 W8x10 3.0 5.000 1.750 2.875 2.25 +
CB15x12 W10x12 W10x12 3.0 5.625 1.875 3.125 2.50 +
CB12x13 W8x13 W8x13 3.0 6.875 1.750 2.875 2.25 +
CB15x12/15 W10x12 W10x15 3.0 5.625 1.875 3.125 2.50 *
CB18x14 W12x14 W12x14 3.0 6.000 2.250 3.750 3.00 +
CB15x12/17 W10x12 W10x17 3.0 5.625 1.875 3.125 2.50 *
CB15x15 W10x15 W10x15 3.0 6.875 1.875 3.125 2.50 +
CB12x15 W8x15 W8x15 3.0 7.250 1.750 2.875 2.25 +
CB18x14/16 W12x14 W12x16 3.0 6.000 2.250 3.750 3.00 *
CB15x12/19 W10x12 W10x19 3.0 5.625 1.875 3.125 2.50 *
CB18x16 W12x16 W12x16 3.0 6.500 2.500 4.125 3.25 +
CB15x15/17 W10x15 W10x17 3.0 6.875 1.875 3.125 2.50 *
CB18x14/19 W12x14 W12x19 3.0 6.000 2.250 3.750 3.00 *
CB15x17 W10x17 W10x17 3.0 7.125 2.125 3.500 2.75 +
CB15x15/19 W10x15 W10x19 3.0 6.875 1.875 3.125 2.50 *
CB18x16/19 W12x16 W12x19 3.0 6.500 2.500 4.125 3.25 *
CB12x18 W8x18 W8x18 3.0 6.875 1.875 3.125 2.50 +
CB18x14/22 W12x14 W12x22 3.0 6.000 2.250 3.750 3.00 *
CB15x17/19 W10x17 W10x19 3.0 7.125 2.125 3.500 2.75 *
CB15x15/22 W10x15 W10x22 3.0 6.875 1.875 3.125 2.50 *
CB18x19 W12x19 W12x19 3.0 7.000 2.500 4.125 3.25 +
CB15x19 W10x19 W10x19 3.0 7.500 2.250 3.750 3.00 +
CB18x16/22 W12x16 W12x22 3.0 6.500 2.500 4.125 3.25 *
CB18x14/26 W12x14 W12x26 3.0 6.000 2.250 3.750 3.00 *
CB18x19/22 W12x19 W12x22 3.0 7.000 2.500 4.125 3.25 *
CB15x15/26 W10x15 W10x26 3.0 6.875 1.875 3.125 2.50 *
CB15x19/22 W10x19 W10x22 3.0 7.500 2.250 3.750 3.00 *
CB12x21 W8x21 W8x21 3.0 7.500 1.875 3.125 2.50 +
CB18x16/26 W12x16 W12x26 3.0 6.500 2.500 4.125 3.25 *
CB21x22 W14x22 W14x22 3.0 6.875 2.625 4.375 3.50 +
CB18x22 W12x22 W12x22 3.0 7.800 2.500 4.125 3.25 +
CB15x22 W10x22 W10x22 3.0 7.125 2.250 3.750 3.00 +
CB18x19/26 W12x19 W12x26 3.0 6.875 2.500 4.125 3.25 *
CB15x15/30 W10x15 W10x30 3.0 6.875 1.875 3.125 2.50 *
CB18x16/30 W12x16 W12x30 3.0 6.500 2.500 4.125 3.31 *
CB15x17/30 W10x17 W10x30 3.0 7.125 2.125 3.500 2.81 *
CB12x24 W8x24 W8x24 3.0 7.250 1.875 3.125 2.50 +
CB21x22/26 W14x22 W14x26 3.0 6.875 2.625 4.375 3.50 *
CB18x19/30 W12x19 W12x30 3.0 6.875 2.500 4.125 3.31 *
CB15x19/30 W10x19 W10x30 3.0 7.500 2.250 3.750 3.00 *
CB18x16/35 W12x16 W12x35 3.0 6.500 2.500 4.125 3.31 *
CB24x26 W16x26 W16x26 3.0 7.500 3.000 5.000 4.00 +
CB21x26 W14x26 W14x26 3.0 7.625 2.625 4.375 3.50 +
CB18x26 W12x26 W12x26 3.0 6.875 2.500 4.125 3.25 +
CB15x26 W10x26 W10x26 3.0 7.750 2.250 3.750 3.00 +
CB21x22/30 W14x22 W14x30 3.0 6.875 2.625 4.375 3.50 *
CB18x22/30 W12x22 W12x30 3.0 7.800 2.500 4.125 3.31 *
CB18x19/35 W12x19 W12x35 3.0 6.875 2.500 4.125 3.31 *
CB12x28 W8x28 W8x28 3.0 8.500 1.875 3.125 2.50 +
CB21x22/34 W14x22 W14x34 3.0 6.875 2.625 4.375 3.50 *
CB21x26/30 W14x26 W14x30 3.0 7.625 2.625 4.375 3.50 *
CB24x26/31 W16x26 W16x31 3.0 7.500 3.000 5.000 4.00 *
CB18x22/35 W12x22 W12x35 3.0 7.800 2.500 4.125 3.31 *
CB21x30 W14x30 W14x30 3.0 8.000 2.625 4.375 3.50 +
CB18x30 W12x30 W12x30 3.0 7.750 2.500 4.125 3.25 +
CB15x30 W10x30 W10x30 3.0 9.000 2.250 3.750 3.00 +
CB21x22/38 W14x22 W14x38 3.0 6.875 2.625 4.375 3.50 *
CB21x26/34 W14x26 W14x34 3.0 7.625 2.625 4.375 3.50 *
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steelDesign.cas2
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CB60x167 W40x167 W40x167 6.0 19.500 7.000 11.000 9.00 +
CB50x169 W33x169 W33x169 5.0 20.100 7.000 11.000 9.00 +
CB54x170 W36x170 W36x170 6.0 20.400 7.000 11.000 9.00 +
CB36x176 W24x176 W24x176 3.0 22.500 5.250 7.500 6.50 +
CB21x176 w14x176 w14x176 3.0 19.250 2.625 4.375 3.75 +
CB40x178 W27x178 W27x178 4.0 21.750 7.000 11.000 8.00 +
CB54x182 W36x182 W36x182 6.0 21.750 7.000 11.000 9.00 +
CB60x183 W40x183 W40x183 6.0 19.500 7.000 10.000 9.00 +
CB54x194 W36x194 W36x194 6.0 22.875 7.000 10.000 9.00 +
CB40x194 W27x194 W27x194 4.0 22.500 5.500 8.750 7.25 +
CB60x199 W40x199 W40x199 6.0 19.500 7.000 10.000 9.00 +
CB50x201 W33x201 W33x201 5.0 21.450 7.000 10.000 9.00 +
CB54x210 W36x210 W36x210 6.0 24.875 7.000 10.000 9.00 +
CB60x211 W40x211 W40x211 6.0 22.500 7.000 10.000 9.00 +
CB60x215 W40x215 W40x215 6.0 19.500 7.000 10.000 9.00 +
CB50x221 W33x221 W33x221 5.0 23.250 7.000 10.000 9.00 +
CB66x230 W44x230 W44x230 6.0 21.250 7.000 13.000 10.00 +
CB54x231 W36x231 W36x231 6.0 22.750 7.000 11.000 9.00 +
CB54x232 W36x232 W36x232 6.0 26.000 7.000 11.000 9.00 +
CB60x235 W40x235 W40x235 6.0 24.875 7.000 11.000 9.00 +
CB50x241 W33x241 W33x241 6.0 24.900 7.000 11.000 9.00 +
CB54x247 W36x247 W36x247 6.0 23.875 7.000 11.000 9.00 +
CB60x249 W40x249 W40x249 6.0 22.500 7.000 11.000 9.00 +
CB54x256 W36x256 W36x256 6.0 28.750 7.000 11.000 9.00 +
CB66x262 W44x262 W44x262 6.0 23.625 7.000 13.000 10.00 +
CB54x262 W36x262 W36x262 6.0 25.125 7.000 11.000 9.00 +
CB50x263 W33x263 W33x263 6.0 26.100 7.000 11.000 9.00 +
CB60x264 W40x264 W40x264 6.0 28.750 7.000 11.000 9.00 +
CB60x277 W40x277 W40x277 6.0 24.875 7.000 11.000 9.00 +
CB60x278 W40x278 W40x278 6.0 30.500 7.000 13.000 10.00 +
CB54x282 W36x282 W36x282 6.0 26.500 7.000 11.000 9.00 +
CB66x290 W44x290 W44x290 6.0 26.000 7.000 13.000 10.00 +
CB50x291 W33x291 W33x291 6.0 28.800 7.000 11.000 9.00 +
CB60x297 W40x297 W40x297 6.0 27.875 8.250 13.500 10.00 +
CB54x302 W36x302 W36x302 6.0 28.250 7.000 11.000 9.00 +
CB60x324 W40x324 W40x324 6.0 30.000 8.250 13.000 10.00 +
CB60x362 W40x362 W40x362 6.0 30.000 8.250 13.000 10.00 +

steelDesign.cdc

steelDesign.cdp

steelDesign.col
;MasterTable = RAMAISC.TAB
W14 I
W14X43
W14X48
W14X53
W14X61
W14X68
W14X74
W14X82
W14X90
W14X99
W14X109
W14X120
W14X132
W14X145
W14X159
W14X176
W14X193
W14X211
W14X233
W14X257
W14X283
W14X311
W14X342
W14X370
W14X398
W14X426
W14X455
W14X500
W14X550
W14X605
W14X665
W14X730
W14X808
W14X873
W12 I
W12X40
W12X45
W12X50
W12X53
W12X58
W12X65
W12X72
W12X79
W12X87
W12X96
W12X106
W12X120
W12X136
W12X152
W12X170
W12X190
W12X210
W12X230
W12X252
W12X279
W12X305
W12X336
W10 I
W10X33
W10X39
W10X45
W10X49
W10X54
W10X60
W10X68
W10X77
W10X88
W10X100
W10X112
W8 I
W8X24
W8X28
W8X31
W8X35
W8X40
W8X48
W8X58
W8X67
W6a I
W6X8.5
W6X9
W6X12
W6X16
W6b I
W6X15
W6X20
W6X25
W5 I
W5X16
W5X19
W4 I
W4X13
HP14 I
HP14X73
HP14X89
HP14X102
HP14X117
HP12 I
HP12X53
HP12X63
HP12X74
HP12X84
HP10 I
HP10X42
HP10X57
HP8 I
HP8X36
HSS22X22 T
HSS22X22X3/4
HSS22X22X7/8
HSS20X20 T
HSS20X20X1/2
HSS20X20X5/8
HSS20X20X3/4
HSS20X20X7/8
HSS18X18 T
HSS18X18X1/2
HSS18X18X5/8
HSS18X18X3/4
HSS18X18X7/8
HSS16X16 T
HSS16X16X5/16
HSS16X16X3/8
HSS16X16X1/2
HSS16X16X5/8
HSS16X16X3/4
HSS16X16X7/8
HSS14X14 T
HSS14X14X5/16
HSS14X14X3/8
HSS14X14X1/2
HSS14X14X5/8
HSS14X14X3/4
HSS14X14X7/8
HSS12X12 T
HSS12X12X3/16
HSS12X12X1/4
HSS12X12X5/16
HSS12X12X3/8
HSS12X12X1/2
HSS12X12X5/8
HSS12X12X3/4
HSS10X10 T
HSS10X10X3/16
HSS10X10X1/4
HSS10X10X5/16
HSS10X10X3/8
HSS10X10X1/2
HSS10X10X5/8
HSS10X10X3/4
HSS9X9 T
HSS9X9X1/8
HSS9X9X3/16
HSS9X9X1/4
HSS9X9X5/16
HSS9X9X3/8
HSS9X9X1/2
HSS9X9X5/8
HSS8X8 T
HSS8X8X1/8
HSS8X8X3/16
HSS8X8X1/4
HSS8X8X5/16
HSS8X8X3/8
HSS8X8X1/2
HSS8X8X5/8
HSS7X7 T
HSS7X7X1/8
HSS7X7X3/16
HSS7X7X1/4
HSS7X7X5/16
HSS7X7X3/8
HSS7X7X1/2
HSS7X7X5/8
HSS6X6 T
HSS6X6X1/8
HSS6X6X3/16
HSS6X6X1/4
HSS6X6X5/16
HSS6X6X3/8
HSS6X6X1/2
HSS6X6X5/8
HSS5.5X5.5 T
HSS5.5X5.5X1/8
HSS5.5X5.5X3/16
HSS5.5X5.5X1/4
HSS5.5X5.5X5/16
HSS5.5X5.5X3/8
HSS5X5 T
HSS5X5X1/8
HSS5X5X3/16
HSS5X5X1/4
HSS5X5X5/16
HSS5X5X3/8
HSS5X5X1/2
HSS4.5X4.5 T
HSS4.5X4.5X1/8
HSS4.5X4.5X3/16
HSS4.5X4.5X1/4
HSS4.5X4.5X5/16
HSS4.5X4.5X3/8
HSS4.5X4.5X1/2
HSS4X4 T
HSS4X4X1/8
HSS4X4X3/16
HSS4X4X1/4
HSS4X4X5/16
HSS4X4X3/8
HSS4X4X1/2
HSS3.5X3.5 T
HSS3.5X3.5X1/8
HSS3.5X3.5X3/16
HSS3.5X3.5X1/4
HSS3.5X3.5X5/16
HSS3.5X3.5X3/8
HSS3X3 T
HSS3X3X1/8
HSS3X3X3/16
HSS3X3X1/4
HSS3X3X5/16
HSS3X3X3/8
HSS2.5X2.5 T
HSS2.5X2.5X5/16
HSS2.5X2.5X1/4
HSS2.5X2.5X3/16
HSS2.5X2.5X1/8
HSS2X2 T
HSS2X2X1/4
HSS2X2X3/16
HSS2X2X1/8
HSS24x12 T
HSS24X12X1/2
HSS24X12X5/8
HSS24X12X3/4
HSS20X12 T
HSS20X12X5/16
HSS20X12X3/8
HSS20X12X1/2
HSS20X12X5/8
HSS20X12X3/4
HSS16X12 T
HSS16X12X5/16
HSS16X12X3/8
HSS16X12X1/2
HSS16X12X5/8
HSS16X12X3/4
HSS16X8 T
HSS16X8X1/4
HSS16X8X5/16
HSS16X8X3/8
HSS16X8X1/2
HSS16X8X5/8
HSS14X10 T
HSS14X10X1/4
HSS14X10X5/16
HSS14X10X3/8
HSS14X10X1/2
HSS14X10X5/8
HSS12X10 T
HSS12X10X1/4
HSS12X10X5/16
HSS12X10X3/8
HSS12X10X1/2
HSS12X8 T
HSS12X8X3/16
HSS12X8X1/4
HSS12X8X5/16
HSS12X8X3/8
HSS12X8X1/2
HSS12X8X5/8
HSS12X6 T
HSS12X6X3/16
HSS12X6X1/4
HSS12X6X5/16
HSS12X6X3/8
HSS12X6X1/2
HSS12X6X5/8
HSS10X8 T
HSS10X8X3/16
HSS10X8X1/4
HSS10X8X5/16
HSS10X8X3/8
HSS10X8X1/2
HSS10X8X5/8
HSS10X6 T
HSS10X6X3/16
HSS10X6X1/4
HSS10X6X5/16
HSS10X6X3/8
HSS10X6X1/2
HSS10X6X5/8
HSS10X5 T
HSS10X5X3/16
HSS10X5X1/4
HSS10X5X5/16
HSS10X5X3/8
HSS9X7 T
HSS9X7X3/16
HSS9X7X1/4
HSS9X7X5/16
HSS9X7X3/8
HSS9X7X1/2
HSS9X7X5/8
HSS9X5 T
HSS9X5X3/16
HSS9X5X1/4
HSS9X5X5/16
HSS9X5X3/8
HSS9X5X1/2
HSS9X5X5/8
HSS8X6 T
HSS8X6X3/16
HSS8X6X1/4
HSS8X6X5/16
HSS8X6X3/8
HSS8X6X1/2
HSS8X6X5/8
HSS8X4 T
HSS8X4X1/8
HSS8X4X3/16
HSS8X4X1/4
HSS8X4X5/16
HSS8X4X3/8
HSS8X4X1/2
HSS8X4X5/8
HSS7X5 T
HSS7X5X1/8
HSS7X5X3/16
HSS7X5X1/4
HSS7X5X5/16
HSS7X5X3/8
HSS7X5X1/2
HSS7X4 T
HSS7X4X1/8
HSS7X4X3/16
HSS7X4X1/4
HSS7X4X5/16
HSS7X4X3/8
HSS7X4X1/2
HSS6X5 T
HSS6X5X1/8
HSS6X5X3/16
HSS6X5X1/4
HSS6X5X5/16
HSS6X5X3/8
HSS6X5X1/2
HSS6X4 T
HSS6X4X1/8
HSS6X4X3/16
HSS6X4X1/4
HSS6X4X5/16
HSS6X4X3/8
HSS6X4X1/2
HSS6X3 T
HSS6X3X1/8
HSS6X3X3/16
HSS6X3X1/4
HSS6X3X5/16
HSS6X3X3/8
HSS6X3X1/2
HSS5X4 T
HSS5X4X1/8
HSS5X4X3/16
HSS5X4X1/4
HSS5X4X5/16
HSS5X4X3/8
HSS5X4X1/2
HSS5X3 T
HSS5X3X1/8
HSS5X3X3/16
HSS5X3X1/4
HSS5X3X5/16
HSS5X3X3/8
HSS5X3X1/2
HSS5X2.5 T
HSS5X2.5X1/8
HSS5X2.5X3/16
HSS5X2.5X1/4
HSS4X3 T
HSS4X3X1/8
HSS4X3X3/16
HSS4X3X1/4
HSS4X3X5/16
HSS4X3X3/8
HSS4X2.5 T
HSS4X2.5X1/8
HSS4X2.5X3/16
HSS4X2.5X1/4
HSS4X2.5X5/16
HSS4X2.5X3/8
HSS4X2 T
HSS4X2X1/8
HSS4X2X3/16
HSS4X2X1/4
HSS4X2X5/16
HSS4X2X3/8
HSS20 P
HSS20.000X0.375
HSS20.000X0.500
HSS18 P
HSS18.000X0.375
HSS18.000X0.500
HSS16 P
HSS16.000X0.250
HSS16.000X0.312
HSS16.000X0.375
HSS16.000X0.438
HSS16.000X0.500
HSS16.000X0.625
HSS14 P
HSS14.000X0.250
HSS14.000X0.312
HSS14.000X0.375
HSS14.000X0.500
HSS14.000X0.625
HSS12.75 P
HSS12.750X0.250
HSS12.750X0.375
HSS12.750X0.500
HSS10.75 P
HSS10.750X0.250
HSS10.750X0.375
HSS10.750X0.500
HSS10 P
HSS10.000X0.188
HSS10.000X0.250
HSS10.000X0.312
HSS10.000X0.375
HSS10.000X0.500
HSS10.000X0.625
HSS9.625 P
HSS9.625X0.188
HSS9.625X0.250
HSS9.625X0.312
HSS9.625X0.375
HSS9.625X0.500
HSS8.625 P
HSS8.625X0.188
HSS8.625X0.250
HSS8.625X0.322
HSS8.625X0.375
HSS8.625X0.500
HSS8.625X0.625
HSS7.625 P
HSS7.625X0.328
HSS7.625X0.375
HSS7.5 P
HSS7.500X0.188
HSS7.500X0.250
HSS7.500X0.312
HSS7.500X0.375
HSS7.500X0.500
HSS7 P
HSS7.000X0.125
HSS7.000X0.188
HSS7.000X0.250
HSS7.000X0.312
HSS7.000X0.375
HSS7.000X0.500
HSS6.875 P
HSS6.875X0.188
HSS6.875X0.250
HSS6.875X0.312
HSS6.875X0.375
HSS6.875X0.500
HSS6.625 P
HSS6.625X0.125
HSS6.625X0.188
HSS6.625X0.250
HSS6.625X0.280
HSS6.625X0.312
HSS6.625X0.375
HSS6.625X0.432
HSS6.625X0.500
HSS6 P
HSS6.000X0.125
HSS6.000X0.188
HSS6.000X0.250
HSS6.000X0.280
HSS6.000X0.312
HSS6.000X0.375
HSS6.000X0.500
HSS5.563 P
HSS5.563X0.134
HSS5.563X0.188
HSS5.563X0.258
HSS5.563X0.375
HSS5.563X0.500
HSS5.5 P
HSS5.500X0.258
HSS5.500X0.375
HSS5.500X0.500
HSS5 P
HSS5.000X0.125
HSS5.000X0.188
HSS5.000X0.250
HSS5.000X0.258
HSS5.000X0.312
HSS5.000X0.375
HSS5.000X0.500
HSS4.5 P
HSS4.500X0.125
HSS4.500X0.188
HSS4.500X0.237
HSS4.500X0.337
HSS4.500X0.375
HSS4 P
HSS4.000X0.125
HSS4.000X0.188
HSS4.000X0.220
HSS4.000X0.226
HSS4.000X0.237
HSS4.000X0.250
HSS4.000X0.313
Pipe12 P
Pipe12Std
Pipe12XS
Pipe10 P
Pipe10Std
Pipe10XS
Pipe8 P
Pipe8Std
Pipe8XS
Pipe8XXS
Pipe6 P
Pipe6Std
Pipe6XS
Pipe6XXS
Pipe5 P
Pipe5Std
Pipe5XS
Pipe5XXS
Pipe4 P
Pipe4Std
Pipe4XS
Pipe4XXS
Pipe3-1/2 P
Pipe3-1/2Std
Pipe3-1/2XS
Pipe3 P
Pipe3Std
Pipe3XS
Pipe3XXS
C15 C
C15X33.9
C15X40
C15X50
C12 C
C12X20.7
C12X25
C12X30
C10 C
C10X15.3
C10X20
C10X25
C10X30
C9 C
C9X13.4
C9X15
C9X20
C8 C
C8X11.5
C8X13.7
C8X18.7
C7 C
C7X9.8
C7X12.2
C7X14.7
C6 C
C6X8.2
C6X10.5
C6X13
C5 C
C5X6.7
C5X9
C4 C
C4X4.5
C4X5.4
C4X7.2
C3 C
C3X3.5
C3X4.1
C3X5
C3X6
MC18 C
MC18X42.7
MC18X45.8
MC18X51.9
MC18X58
MC13 C
MC13X31.8
MC13X35
MC13X40
MC13X50
MC12 C
MC12X10.6
MC12X31
MC12X35
MC12X40
MC12X45
MC12X50
MC10 C
MC10X6.5
MC10X8.4
MC10X22
MC10X25
MC10X28.5
MC10X33.6
MC10X41.1
MC9 C
MC9X23.9
MC9X25.4
MC8X8.5
MC8X18.7
MC8X21.4
MC8X20
MC8X22.8
MC7 C
MC7X19.1
MC7X22.7
MC6 C
MC6X6.5
MC6X7
MC6X12
MC6X15.1
MC6X15.3
MC6X16.3
MC6X18
MC4 C
MC4X13.8
MC3 C
MC3X7.1
L12X12 A
L12X12X1
L12X12X1-1/8
L12X12X1-1/4
L12X12X1-3/8
L10X10 A
L10X10X3/4
L10X10X7/8
L10X10X1
L10X10X1-1/8
L10X10X1-1/4
L10X10X1-3/8
L8X8 A
L8X8X1/2
L8X8X9/16
L8X8X5/8
L8X8X3/4
L8X8X7/8
L8X8X1
L8X8X1-1/8
L8X6 A
L8X6X7/16
L8X6X1/2
L8X6X9/16
L8X6X5/8
L8X6X3/4
L8X6X7/8
L8X6X1
L8X4 A
L8X4X7/16
L8X4X1/2
L8X4X9/16
L8X4X5/8
L8X4X3/4
L8X4X7/8
L8X4X1
L7X4 A
L7X4X3/8
L7X4X7/16
L7X4X1/2
L7X4X5/8
L7X4X3/4
L6X6 A
L6X6X5/16
L6X6X3/8
L6X6X7/16
L6X6X1/2
L6X6X9/16
L6X6X5/8
L6X6X3/4
L6X6X7/8
L6X6X1
L6X4 A
L6X4X5/16
L6X4X3/8
L6X4X7/16
L6X4X1/2
L6X4X9/16
L6X4X5/8
L6X4X3/4
L6X4X7/8
L6X3.5 A
L6X3.5X5/16
L6X3.5X3/8
L6X3.5X1/2
L5X5 A
L5X5X5/16
L5X5X3/8
L5X5X7/16
L5X5X1/2
L5X5X5/8
L5X5X3/4
L5X5X7/8
L5X3.5 A
L5X3.5X1/4
L5X3.5X5/16
L5X3.5X3/8
L5X3.5X1/2
L5X3.5X5/8
L5X3.5X3/4
L5X3 A
L5X3X1/4
L5X3X5/16
L5X3X3/8
L5X3X7/16
L5X3X1/2
L4X4 A
L4X4X1/4
L4X4X5/16
L4X4X3/8
L4X4X7/16
L4X4X1/2
L4X4X5/8
L4X4X3/4
L4X3.5 A
L4X3.5X1/4
L4X3.5X5/16
L4X3.5X3/8
L4X3.5X1/2
L4X3 A
L4X3X1/4
L4X3X5/16
L4X3X3/8
L4X3X1/2
L4X3X5/8
L3.5X3.5 A
L3.5X3.5X1/4
L3.5X3.5X5/16
L3.5X3.5X3/8
L3.5X3.5X7/16
L3.5X3.5X1/2
L3.5X3 A
L3.5X3X1/4
L3.5X3X5/16
L3.5X3X3/8
L3.5X3X7/16
L3.5X3X1/2
L3.5X2.5 A
L3.5X2.5X1/4
L3.5X2.5X5/16
L3.5X2.5X3/8
L3.5X2.5X1/2
L3X3X3 A
L3X3X3/16
L3X3X1/4
L3X3X5/16
L3X3X3/8
L3X3X7/16
L3X3X1/2
L3X2.5 A
L3X2.5X3/16
L3X2.5X1/4
L3X2.5X5/16
L3X2.5X3/8
L3X2.5X7/16
L3X2.5X1/2
L3X2 A
L3X2X3/16
L3X2X1/4
L3X2X5/16
L3X2X3/8
L3X2X1/2
L2.5X2.5 A
L2.5X2.5X3/16
L2.5X2.5X1/4
L2.5X2.5X5/16
L2.5X2.5X3/8
L2.5X2.5X1/2
L2.5X2 A
L2.5X2X3/16
L2.5X2X1/4
L2.5X2X5/16
L2.5X2X3/8
L2.5X1.5 A
L2.5X1.5X3/16
L2.5X1.5X1/4
L2X2 A
L2X2X1/8
L2X2X3/16
L2X2X1/4
L2X2X5/16
L2X2X3/8
WT22 E
WT22X115
WT22X131
WT22X145
WT22X167.5
WT20X16 E
WT20X99.5
WT20X107.5
WT20X124.5
WT20X138.5
WT20X148.5
WT20X162
WT20X181
WT20X186
WT20X198.5
WT20X215.5
WT20X251.5
WT20X296.5
WT20X12 E
WT20X74.5
WT20X83.5
WT20X91.5
WT20X105.5
WT20X117.5
WT20X132
WT20X139
WT20X147
WT20X163.5
WT20X165.5
WT20X196
WT18X18 E
WT18X115.5
WT18X123.5
WT18X131
WT18X141
WT18X151
WT18X165
WT18X180.5
WT18X197.5
WT18X220.5
WT18X243.5
WT18X264.5
WT18X326
WT18X400
WT18X12 E
WT18X67.5
WT18X75
WT18X80
WT18X85
WT18X91
WT18X97
WT18X105
WT18X116
WT18X128
WT16X16 E
WT16.5X100.5
WT16.5X110.5
WT16.5X120.5
WT16.5X131.5
WT16.5X145.5
WT16.5X159
WT16.5X177
WT16.5X193.5
WT16X11 E
WT16.5X59
WT16.5X65
WT16.5X70.5
WT16.5X76
WT16.5X84.5
WT15X15 E
WT15X86.5
WT15X95.5
WT15X105.5
WT15X117.5
WT15X130.5
WT15X146
WT15X163
WT15X178.5
WT15X195.5
WT15X10 E
WT15X45
WT15X49.5
WT15X54
WT15X58
WT15X62
WT15X66
WT15X74
WT13.5X14 E
WT13.5X73
WT13.5X80.5
WT13.5X89
WT13.5X97
WT13.5X108.5
WT13.5X117.5
WT13.5X129
WT13.5X140.5
WT13.5X153.5
WT13.5X168
WT13.5X184
WT13.5X269.5
WT13.5X10 E
WT13.5X42
WT13.5X47
WT13.5X51
WT13.5X57
WT13.5X64.5
WT12X13 E
WT12X52
WT12X58.5
WT12X65.5
WT12X73
WT12X81
WT12X88
WT12X96
WT12X103.5
WT12X114.5
WT12X125
WT12X139.5
WT12X153
WT12X167.5
WT12X185
WT12X9 E
WT12X34
WT12X38
WT12X42
WT12X47
WT12X51.5
WT12X7 E
WT12X27.5
WT12X31
WT10.5X12 E
WT10.5X50.5
WT10.5X55.5
WT10.5X61
WT10.5X66
WT10.5X73.5
WT10.5X83
WT10.5X91
WT10.5X100.5
WT10.5X8 E
WT10.5X24
WT10.5X27.5
WT10.5X31
WT10.5X34
WT10.5X36.5
WT10.5X41.5
WT10.5X46.5
WT10.5X6 E
WT10.5X22
WT10.5X25
WT10.5X28.5
WT9X12 E
WT9X38
WT9X43
WT9X48.5
WT9X53
WT9X59.5
WT9X65
WT9X71.5
WT9X79
WT9X87.5
WT9X96
WT9X105.5
WT9X117
WT9X129
WT9X141.5
WT9X155.5
WT9X7 E
WT9X25
WT9X27.5
WT9X30
WT9X32.5
WT9X35.5
WT9X6 E
WT9X17.5
WT9X20
WT9X23
WT8X10 E
WT8X33.5
WT8X38.5
WT8X44.5
WT8X50
WT8X7 E
WT8X18
WT8X20
WT8X22.5
WT8X25
WT8X28.5
WT8X5 E
WT8X13
WT8X15.5
WT7X17 E
WT7X72.5
WT7X79.5
WT7X88
WT7X96.5
WT7X105.5
WT7X116.5
WT7X128.5
WT7X141.5
WT7X155.5
WT7X171
WT7X185
WT7X199
WT7X213
WT7X227.5
WT7X250
WT7X275
WT7X302.5
WT7X332.5
WT7X365
WT7X14 E
WT7X45
WT7X49.5
WT7X54.5
WT7X60
WT7X66
WT7X10 E
WT7X30.5
WT7X34
WT7X37
WT7X41
WT7X8 E
WT7X21.5
WT7X24
WT7X26.5
WT7X6 E
WT7X15
WT7X17
WT7X19
WT7X5 E
WT7X11
WT7X13
WT6X13 E
WT6X32.5
WT6X36
WT6X39.5
WT6X43.5
WT6X48
WT6X53
WT6X60
WT6X68
WT6X76
WT6X85
WT6X95
WT6X105
WT6X115
WT6X126
WT6X139.5
WT6X152.5
WT6X168
WT6X10 E
WT6X26.5
WT6X29
WT6X8 E
WT6X20
WT6X22.5
WT6X25
WT6X6 E
WT6X13
WT6X15
WT6X17.5
WT6X4 E
WT6X7
WT6X8
WT6X9.5
WT6X11
WT5X10 E
WT5X24.5
WT5X27
WT5X30
WT5X34
WT5X38.5
WT5X44
WT5X50
WT5X56
WT5X8 E
WT5X16.5
WT5X19.5
WT5X22.5
WT5X5 E
WT5X11
WT5X13
WT5X15
WT5X4 E
WT5X6
WT5X7.5
WT5X8.5
WT5X9.5
WT4 E
WT4X5
WT4X6.5
WT4X7.5
WT4X9
WT4X10.5
WT4X12
WT4X14
WT4X15.5
WT4X17.5
WT4X20
WT4X24
WT4X29
WT4X33.5
WT3 E
WT3X4.25
WT3X4.5
WT3X6
WT3X7.5
WT3X8
WT3X10
WT3X12.5
WT2.5 E
WT2.5X8
WT2.5X9.5
WT2 E
WT2X6.5
MT6.25 E
MT6.25X5.9
MT6.25X6.2
MT6 E
MT6X5
MT6X5.4
MT6X5.9
MT5 E
MT5X3.75
MT5X4
MT5X4.5
MT4 E
MT4X3.1
MT4X3.25
MT3 E
MT3X1.85
MT3X2.2
MT2.5 E
MT2.5X9.45
MT2 E
MT2X3
ST12 E
ST12X40
ST12X45
ST12X50
ST12X53
ST12X60.5
ST10 E
ST10X33
ST10X37.5
ST10X43
ST10X48
ST9 E
ST9X27.35
ST9X35
ST7 E
ST7.5X21.45
ST7.5X25
ST6 E
ST6X15.9
ST6X17.5
ST6X20.4
ST6X25
ST5 E
ST5X12.7
ST5X17.5
ST4 E
ST4X11.5
ST4X9.2
ST3 E
ST3X6.25
ST3X8.6
ST2.5 E
ST2.5X5
ST2 E
ST2X3.85
ST2X4.75
ST1.5 E
ST1.5X2.85
ST1.5X3.75
RoundBar R
RB1/4
RB5/16
RB3/8
RB7/16
RB1/2
RB9/16
RB5/8
RB11/16
RB3/4
RB13/16
RB7/8
RB15/16
RB1
RB1-1/16
RB1-1/8
RB1-3/16
RB1-1/4
RB1-5/16
RB1-3/8
RB1-7/16
RB1-1/2
RB1-9/16
RB1-5/8
RB1-11/16
RB1-3/4
RB1-13/16
RB1-7/8
RB1-15/16
RB2
RB2-1/16
RB2-1/8
RB2-3/16
RB2-1/4
RB2-5/16
RB2-3/8
RB2-7/16
RB2-1/2
RB2-9/16
RB2-5/8
RB2-11/16
RB2-3/4
RB2-13/16
RB2-7/8
RB2-15/16
RB3
RB3-1/16
RB3-1/8
RB3-3/16
RB3-1/4
RB3-5/16
RB3-3/8
RB3-7/16
RB3-1/2
RB3-9/16
RB3-5/8
RB3-11/16
RB3-3/4
RB3-13/16
RB3-7/8
RB3-15/16
RB4
RB4-1/16
RB4-1/8
RB4-3/16
RB4-1/4
RB4-5/16
RB4-3/8
RB4-7/16
RB4-1/2
RB4-9/16
RB4-5/8
RB4-11/16
RB4-3/4
RB4-13/16
RB4-7/8
RB4-15/16
RB5
RB5-1/16
RB5-1/8
RB5-3/16
RB5-1/4
RB5-5/16
RB5-3/8
RB5-7/16
RB5-1/2
RB5-9/16
RB5-5/8
RB5-11/16
RB5-3/4
RB5-13/16
RB5-7/8
RB5-15/16
RB6
RB6-1/16
RB6-1/8
RB6-3/16
RB6-1/4
RB6-5/16
RB6-3/8
RB6-7/16
RB6-1/2
RB6-9/16
RB6-5/8
RB6-11/16
RB6-3/4
RB6-13/16
RB6-7/8
RB6-15/16
RB7
RB7-1/16
RB7-1/8
RB7-3/16
RB7-1/4
RB7-5/16
RB7-3/8
RB7-7/16
RB7-1/2
RB7-9/16
RB7-5/8
RB7-11/16
RB7-3/4
RB7-13/16
RB7-7/8
RB7-15/16
RB8
RB8-1/16
RB8-1/8
RB8-3/16
RB8-1/4
RB8-5/16
RB8-3/8
RB8-7/16
RB8-1/2
RB8-9/16
RB8-5/8
RB8-11/16
RB8-3/4
RB8-13/16
RB8-7/8
RB8-15/16
RB9
RB9-1/16
RB9-1/8
RB9-3/16
RB9-1/4
RB9-5/16
RB9-3/8
RB9-7/16
RB9-1/2
RB9-9/16
RB9-5/8
RB9-11/16
RB9-3/4
RB9-13/16
RB9-7/8
RB9-15/16
RB10
RB10-1/16
RB10-1/8
RB10-3/16
RB10-1/4
RB10-5/16
RB10-3/8
RB10-7/16
RB10-1/2
RB10-9/16
RB10-5/8
RB10-11/16
RB10-3/4
RB10-13/16
RB10-7/8
RB10-15/16
RB11
RB11-1/16
RB11-1/8
RB11-3/16
RB11-1/4
RB11-5/16
RB11-3/8
RB11-7/16
RB11-1/2
RB11-9/16
RB11-5/8
RB11-11/16
RB11-3/4
RB11-13/16
RB11-7/8
RB11-15/16
RB12
FlatBar B
PL3/16X1/2
PL1/4X1/2
PL3/16X3/4
PL5/16X1/2
PL3/16X1
PL1/4X3/4
PL3/8X1/2
PL3/16X1-1/4
PL5/16X3/4
PL1/4X1
PL1/2X1/2
PL3/16X1-1/2
PL3/8X3/4
PL1/4X1-1/4
PL5/16X1
PL3/16X1-3/4
PL3/16X2
PL1/4X1-1/2
PL3/8X1
PL1/2X3/4
PL5/16X1-1/4
PL3/16X2-1/4
PL1/4X1-3/4
PL3/16X2-1/2
PL5/16X1-1/2
PL3/8X1-1/4
PL5/8X3/4
PL1/4X2
PL1/2X1
PL3/16X2-3/4
PL5/16X1-3/4
PL3/16X3
PL1/4X2-1/4
PL3/8X1-1/2
PL3/4X3/4
PL3/16X3-1/4
PL1/4X2-1/2
PL5/16X2
PL1/2X1-1/4
PL5/8X1
PL3/16X3-1/2
PL3/8X1-3/4
PL1/4X2-3/4
PL3/16X3-3/4
PL5/16X2-1/4
PL3/16X4
PL1/4X3
PL3/8X2
PL1/2X1-1/2
PL3/4X1
PL5/16X2-1/2
PL5/8X1-1/4
PL3/16X4-1/4
PL1/4X3-1/4
PL3/16X4-1/2
PL3/8X2-1/4
PL5/16X2-3/4
PL1/4X3-1/2
PL1/2X1-3/4
PL7/8X1
PL3/16X4-3/4
PL3/16X5
PL1/4X3-3/4
PL5/16X3
PL3/8X2-1/2
PL5/8X1-1/2
PL3/4X1-1/4
PL3/16X5-1/4
PL1/4X4
PL1/2X2
PL1X1
PL5/16X3-1/4
PL3/16X5-1/2
PL3/8X2-3/4
PL1/4X4-1/4
PL3/16X5-3/4
PL5/16X3-1/2
PL5/8X1-3/4
PL7/8X1-1/4
PL3/16X6
PL1/4X4-1/2
PL3/8X3
PL1/2X2-1/4
PL3/4X1-1/2
PL3/16X6-1/4
PL5/16X3-3/4
PL1/4X4-3/4
PL3/16X6-1/2
PL3/8X3-1/4
PL1/4X5
PL5/16X4
PL1/2X2-1/2
PL5/8X2
PL1X1-1/4
PL3/16X6-3/4
PL3/16X7
PL1/4X5-1/4
PL3/8X3-1/2
PL3/4X1-3/4
PL7/8X1-1/2
PL5/16X4-1/4
PL3/16X7-1/4
PL1/4X5-1/2
PL1/2X2-3/4
PL3/16X7-1/2
PL5/16X4-1/2
PL3/8X3-3/4
PL5/8X2-1/4
PL1/4X5-3/4
PL3/16X7-3/4
PL5/16X4-3/4
PL3/16X8
PL1/4X6
PL3/8X4
PL1/2X3
PL3/4X2
PL1X1-1/2
PL7/8X1-3/4
PL3/16X8-1/4
PL1/4X6-1/4
PL5/16X5
PL5/8X2-1/2
PL3/16X8-1/2
PL3/8X4-1/4
PL1/4X6-1/2
PL1/2X3-1/4
PL3/16X8-3/4
PL5/16X5-1/4
PL3/16X9
PL1/4X6-3/4
PL3/8X4-1/2
PL3/4X2-1/4
PL5/16X5-1/2
PL5/8X2-3/4
PL3/16X9-1/4
PL1/4X7
PL1/2X3-1/2
PL7/8X2
PL1X1-3/4
PL3/16X9-1/2
PL3/8X4-3/4
PL5/16X5-3/4
PL1/4X7-1/4
PL3/16X9-3/4
PL3/16X10
PL1/4X7-1/2
PL5/16X6
PL3/8X5
PL1/2X3-3/4
PL5/8X3
PL3/4X2-1/2
PL3/16X10-1/4
PL1/4X7-3/4
PL5/16X6-1/4
PL3/16X10-1/2
PL3/8X5-1/4
PL7/8X2-1/4
PL1/4X8
PL1/2X4
PL1X2
PL3/16X10-3/4
PL5/16X6-1/2
PL5/8X3-1/4
PL3/16X11
PL1/4X8-1/4
PL3/8X5-1/2
PL3/4X2-3/4
PL3/16X11-1/4
PL5/16X6-3/4
PL1/4X8-1/2
PL1/2X4-1/4
PL3/16X11-1/2
PL3/8X5-3/4
PL1/4X8-3/4
PL5/16X7
PL5/8X3-1/2
PL7/8X2-1/2
PL3/16X11-3/4
PL3/16X12
PL1/4X9
PL3/8X6
PL1/2X4-1/2
PL3/4X3
PL1X2-1/4
PL5/16X7-1/4
PL1/4X9-1/4
PL5/16X7-1/2
PL3/8X6-1/4
PL5/8X3-3/4
PL1/4X9-1/2
PL1/2X4-3/4
PL7/8X2-3/4
PL5/16X7-3/4
PL1/4X9-3/4
PL3/8X6-1/2
PL3/4X3-1/4
PL1/4X10
PL5/16X8
PL1/2X5
PL5/8X4
PL1X2-1/2
PL3/8X6-3/4
PL1/4X10-1/4
PL5/16X8-1/4
PL1/4X10-1/2
PL3/8X7
PL1/2X5-1/4
PL3/4X3-1/2
PL7/8X3
PL5/16X8-1/2
PL5/8X4-1/4
PL1/4X10-3/4
PL3/8X7-1/4
PL5/16X8-3/4
PL1/4X11
PL1/2X5-1/2
PL1X2-3/4
PL1/4X11-1/4
PL5/16X9
PL3/8X7-1/2
PL5/8X4-1/2
PL3/4X3-3/4
PL7/8X3-1/4
PL1/4X11-1/2
PL1/2X5-3/4
PL5/16X9-1/4
PL3/8X7-3/4
PL1/4X11-3/4
PL5/16X9-1/2
PL5/8X4-3/4
PL1/4X12
PL3/8X8
PL1/2X6
PL3/4X4
PL1X3
PL5/16X9-3/4
PL7/8X3-1/2
PL3/8X8-1/4
PL5/16X10
PL1/2X6-1/4
PL5/8X5
PL3/8X8-1/2
PL3/4X4-1/4
PL5/16X10-1/4
PL1/2X6-1/2
PL1X3-1/4
PL5/16X10-1/2
PL3/8X8-3/4
PL5/8X5-1/4
PL7/8X3-3/4
PL5/16X10-3/4
PL3/8X9
PL1/2X6-3/4
PL3/4X4-1/2
PL5/16X11
PL5/8X5-1/2
PL3/8X9-1/4
PL1/2X7
PL7/8X4
PL1X3-1/2
PL5/16X11-1/4
PL3/8X9-1/2
PL3/4X4-3/4
PL5/16X11-1/2
PL5/8X5-3/4
PL1/2X7-1/4
PL3/8X9-3/4
PL5/16X11-3/4
PL7/8X4-1/4
PL5/16X12
PL3/8X10
PL1/2X7-1/2
PL5/8X6
PL3/4X5
PL1X3-3/4
PL3/8X10-1/4
PL1/2X7-3/4
PL5/8X6-1/4
PL3/8X10-1/2
PL3/4X5-1/4
PL7/8X4-1/2
PL1/2X8
PL1X4
PL3/8X10-3/4
PL5/8X6-1/2
PL3/8X11
PL1/2X8-1/4
PL3/4X5-1/2
PL7/8X4-3/4
PL3/8X11-1/4
PL5/8X6-3/4
PL1/2X8-1/2
PL1X4-1/4
PL3/8X11-1/2
PL3/4X5-3/4
PL1/2X8-3/4
PL5/8X7
PL7/8X5
PL3/8X11-3/4
PL3/8X12
PL1/2X9
PL3/4X6
PL1X4-1/2
PL5/8X7-1/4
PL7/8X5-1/4
PL1/2X9-1/4
PL5/8X7-1/2
PL3/4X6-1/4
PL1/2X9-1/2
PL1X4-3/4
PL7/8X5-1/2
PL5/8X7-3/4
PL1/2X9-3/4
PL3/4X6-1/2
PL1/2X10
PL5/8X8
PL1X5
PL7/8X5-3/4
PL3/4X6-3/4
PL1/2X10-1/4
PL5/8X8-1/4
PL1/2X10-1/2
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PL3/4X7-3/4
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PL5/8X9-1/2
PL1/2X12
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PL5/8X11
PL3/4X9-1/4
PL7/8X8
PL1X7
PL5/8X11-1/4
PL3/4X9-1/2
PL5/8X11-1/2
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PL1X7-1/4
PL3/4X9-3/4
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PL7/8X8-1/2
PL5/8X12
PL3/4X10
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PL7/8X8-3/4
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PL7/8X9
PL1X8
PL3/4X10-3/4
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PL3/4X11
PL1X8-1/4
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PL7/8X9-3/4
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PL1X8-3/4
PL3/4X11-3/4
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PL3/4X12
PL1X9
PL7/8X10-1/2
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PL7/8X10-3/4
PL1X9-1/2
PL7/8X11
PL1X9-3/4
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PL1X10
PL7/8X11-1/2
PL1X10-1/4
PL7/8X11-3/4
PL7/8X12
PL1X10-1/2
PL1X10-3/4
PL1X11
PL1X11-1/4
PL1X11-1/2
PL1X11-3/4
PL1X12
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2L8X8X5/8
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2L2X2X3/8

steelDesign.csj
E
12KCS1 12 6.0 43 17.417 2.4 550
10KCS1 10 6.0 29 14.333 2.0 550
14KCS1 14 6.5 59 20.583 2.9 550
10KCS2 10 7.5 37 18.750 2.5 550
14KCS2 14 8.0 77 27.000 3.4 550
12KCS2 12 8.0 55 22.833 3.0 550
16KCS2 16 8.5 99 29.083 4.0 550
18KCS2 18 9.0 127 32.917 4.7 550
20KCS2 20 9.5 159 36.833 5.2 550
26KCS2 26 10.0 274 48.333 6.6 550
24KCS2 24 10.0 232 44.500 6.3 550
22KCS2 22 10.0 194 40.667 5.9 550
14KCS3 14 10.0 99 35.667 3.9 550
12KCS3 12 10.0 71 30.167 3.5 550
10KCS3 10 10.0 47 24.667 3.0 550
28KCS2 28 10.5 320 52.167 6.9 550
16KCS3 16 10.5 128 39.167 4.8 550
18KCS3 18 11.0 164 44.333 5.2 550
20KCS3 20 11.5 205 49.583 6.0 550
28KCS3 28 12.5 414 70.500 8.0 550
26KCS3 26 12.5 355 65.250 7.8 550
24KCS3 24 12.5 301 60.000 7.2 550
22KCS3 22 12.5 251 54.833 6.6 550
30KCS3 30 13.0 478 75.667 8.0 550
16KCS4 16 14.5 192 60.000 5.3 550
18KCS4 18 15.0 247 68.083 5.7 550
30KCS4 30 16.5 722 116.667 8.5 550
28KCS4 28 16.5 626 108.583 8.5 550
26KCS4 26 16.5 536 100.500 8.5 550
24KCS4 24 16.5 453 92.333 8.4 550
22KCS4 22 16.5 377 84.333 7.9 550
20KCS4 20 16.5 308 76.167 7.9 550
16KCS5 16 18.0 245 77.833 5.8 550
18KCS5 18 18.5 316 88.500 6.2 550
20KCS5 20 20.0 396 99.250 8.4 550
28KCS5 28 20.5 808 142.000 9.2 550
26KCS5 26 20.5 691 131.333 9.2 550
24KCS5 24 20.5 584 120.667 8.9 550
22KCS5 22 20.5 485 109.917 8.6 550
30KCS5 30 21.0 934 152.750 9.2 550
xxSJxx 0 0.0 999999 99999 99999 99999

steelDesign.csj2
E
12KCS1 12 6.0 43 17.417 2.4 550
10KCS1 10 6.0 29 14.333 2.0 550
14KCS1 14 6.5 59 20.583 2.9 550
10KCS2 10 7.5 37 18.750 2.5 550
14KCS2 14 8.0 77 27.000 3.4 550
12KCS2 12 8.0 55 22.833 3.0 550
16KCS2 16 8.5 99 29.083 4.0 550
18KCS2 18 9.0 127 32.917 4.7 550
20KCS2 20 9.5 159 36.833 5.2 550
26KCS2 26 10.0 274 48.333 6.6 550
24KCS2 24 10.0 232 44.500 6.3 550
22KCS2 22 10.0 194 40.667 5.9 550
14KCS3 14 10.0 99 35.667 3.9 550
12KCS3 12 10.0 71 30.167 3.5 550
10KCS3 10 10.0 47 24.667 3.0 550
28KCS2 28 10.5 320 52.167 6.9 550
16KCS3 16 10.5 128 39.167 4.8 550
18KCS3 18 11.0 164 44.333 5.2 550
20KCS3 20 11.5 205 49.583 6.0 550
28KCS3 28 12.5 414 70.500 8.0 550
26KCS3 26 12.5 355 65.250 7.8 550
24KCS3 24 12.5 301 60.000 7.2 550
22KCS3 22 12.5 251 54.833 6.6 550
30KCS3 30 13.0 478 75.667 8.0 550
16KCS4 16 14.5 192 60.000 5.3 550
18KCS4 18 15.0 247 68.083 5.7 550
30KCS4 30 16.5 722 116.667 8.5 550
28KCS4 28 16.5 626 108.583 8.5 550
26KCS4 26 16.5 536 100.500 8.5 550
24KCS4 24 16.5 453 92.333 8.4 550
22KCS4 22 16.5 377 84.333 7.9 550
20KCS4 20 16.5 308 76.167 7.9 550
16KCS5 16 18.0 245 77.833 5.8 550
18KCS5 18 18.5 316 88.500 6.2 550
20KCS5 20 20.0 396 99.250 8.4 550
28KCS5 28 20.5 808 142.000 9.2 550
26KCS5 26 20.5 691 131.333 9.2 550
24KCS5 24 20.5 584 120.667 8.9 550
22KCS5 22 20.5 485 109.917 8.6 550
30KCS5 30 21.0 934 152.750 9.2 550
xxSJxx 0 0.0 999999 99999 99999 99999

steelDesign.db.sdf

steelDesign.dck
E
ASC 3W, 3.0, 12.0, 6.0, 18.0, 1.604
ASC 2W, 2.0, 12.0, 6.0, 12.0, 1.056
ASC N-24, 3.0, 8.0, 2.312, 10.406, 1.568
ASC B-36, 1.5, 6.0, 2.062, 6.188, 0.788
USD 3.0 LokFloor, 3.0, 12.0, 6.0, 18.0, 1.583
USD 2.0 LokFloor, 2.0, 12.0, 6.0, 12.0, 1.056
USD 1.5 LokFloor, 1.5, 12.0, 6.0, 9.0, 0.792
USD 1.5 B-Lok, 1.5, 6.0, 2.25, 6.375, 0.794
VERCO W3 Formlok, 3.0, 12.0, 6.0, 18.0, 1.625
VERCO W2 Formlok, 2.0, 12.0, 6.0, 12.0, 1.056
VERCO B Formlok, 1.5, 6.0, 2.125, 6.375, 0.794
VULCRAFT 3.0VL, 3.0, 12.0, 6.0, 18.0, 1.604
VULCRAFT 2.0VL, 2.0, 12.0, 6.0, 12.0, 1.056
VULCRAFT 1.5VL, 1.5, 6.0, 2.125, 6.375, 0.794
WHEELING 3.0SB, 3.0, 12.0, 6.0, 18.0, 1.583
WHEELING 2.0SB, 2.0, 12.0, 6.0, 12.0, 1.056
WHEELING 1.5SB, 1.5, 6.0, 2.032, 6.095, 0.808
WHEELING 1.5SBR, 1.5, 6.0, 3.968, 11.90, 1.104
Flat Slab, 0.0001, 0.0001, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0

steelDesign.dpt

steelDesign.edg

steelDesign.flt

steelDesign.ftg

steelDesign.grd

steelDesign.gri

steelDesign.grs

steelDesign.jst
E
10K1 10 5.0
10 550 550
11 550 542
12 550 455
13 479 363
14 412 289
15 358 234
16 313 192
17 277 159
18 246 134
19 221 113
20 199 97
12K1 12 5.0
12 550 550
13 550 510
14 500 425
15 434 344
16 380 282
17 336 234
18 299 197
19 268 167
20 241 142
21 218 123
22 199 106
23 181 93
24 166 81
8K1 8 5.1
8 550 550
9 550 550
10 550 480
11 532 377
12 444 288
13 377 225
14 324 179
15 281 145
16 246 119
14K1 14 5.2
14 550 550
15 511 475
16 448 390
17 395 324
18 352 272
19 315 230
20 284 197
21 257 170
22 234 147
23 214 128
24 196 113
25 180 100
26 166 88
27 154 79
28 143 70
16K2 16 5.5
16 550 550
17 512 488
18 456 409
19 408 347
20 368 297
21 333 255
22 303 222
23 277 194
24 254 170
25 234 150
26 216 133
27 200 119
28 186 106
29 173 95
30 161 86
31 151 78
32 142 71
12K3 12 5.7
12 550 550
13 550 510
14 550 463
15 543 428
16 476 351
17 420 291
18 374 245
19 335 207
20 302 177
21 273 153
22 249 132
23 227 116
24 208 101
14K3 14 6.0
14 550 550
15 550 507
16 550 467
17 495 404
18 441 339
19 395 287
20 356 246
21 322 212
22 293 184
23 268 160
24 245 141
25 226 124
26 209 110
27 193 98
28 180 88
16K3 16 6.3
16 550 550
17 550 526
18 508 456
19 455 386
20 410 330
21 371 285
22 337 247
23 308 216
24 283 189
25 260 167
26 240 148
27 223 132
28 207 118
29 193 106
30 180 96
31 168 87
32 158 79
18K3 18 6.6
18 550 550
19 514 494
20 463 423
21 420 364
22 382 316
23 349 276
24 320 242
25 294 214
26 272 190
27 252 169
28 234 151
29 218 136
30 203 123
31 190 111
32 178 101
33 168 92
34 158 84
35 149 77
36 141 70
14K4 14 6.7
14 550 550
15 550 507
16 550 467
17 550 443
18 530 397
19 475 336
20 428 287
21 388 248
22 353 215
23 322 188
24 295 165
25 272 145
26 251 129
27 233 115
28 216 103
20K3 20 6.7
20 517 517
21 468 453
22 426 393
23 389 344
24 357 302
25 329 266
26 304 236
27 281 211
28 261 189
29 243 170
30 227 153
31 212 138
32 199 126
33 187 114
34 176 105
35 166 96
36 157 88
37 148 81
38 141 74
39 133 69
40 127 64
16K4 16 7.0
16 550 550
17 550 526
18 550 490
19 547 452
20 493 386
21 447 333
22 406 289
23 371 252
24 340 221
25 313 195
26 289 173
27 268 155
28 249 138
29 232 124
30 216 112
31 203 101
32 190 92
12K5 12 7.1
12 550 550
13 550 510
14 550 463
15 550 434
16 550 396
17 550 366
18 507 317
19 454 269
20 409 230
21 370 198
22 337 172
23 308 150
24 282 132
18K4 18 7.2
18 550 550
19 550 523
20 550 490
21 506 426
22 460 370
23 420 323
24 385 284
25 355 250
26 328 222
27 303 198
28 282 177
29 263 159
30 245 144
31 229 130
32 215 118
33 202 108
34 190 98
35 179 90
36 169 82
16K5 16 7.5
16 550 550
17 550 526
18 550 490
19 550 455
20 550 426
21 503 373
22 458 323
23 418 282
24 384 248
25 353 219
26 326 194
27 302 173
28 281 155
29 261 139
30 244 126
31 228 114
32 214 103
20K4 20 7.6
20 550 550
21 550 520
22 514 461
23 469 402
24 430 353
25 396 312
26 366 277
27 339 247
28 315 221
29 293 199
30 274 179
31 256 162
32 240 147
33 226 134
34 212 122
35 200 112
36 189 103
37 179 95
38 170 87
39 161 81
40 153 75
14K6 14 7.7
14 550 550
15 550 507
16 550 467
17 550 443
18 550 408
19 550 383
20 525 347
21 475 299
22 432 259
23 395 226
24 362 199
25 334 175
26 308 156
27 285 139
28 265 124
18K5 18 7.7
18 550 550
19 550 523
20 550 490
21 550 460
22 518 414
23 473 362
24 434 318
25 400 281
26 369 249
27 342 222
28 318 199
29 296 179
30 276 161
31 258 146
32 242 132
33 228 121
34 214 110
35 202 101
36 191 92
22K4 22 8.0
22 550 548
23 518 491
24 475 431
25 438 381
26 404 338
27 374 301
28 348 270
29 324 242
30 302 219
31 283 198
32 265 180
33 249 164
34 235 149
35 221 137
36 209 126
37 198 116
38 187 107
39 178 98
40 169 91
41 161 85
42 153 79
43 146 73
44 139 68
16K6 16 8.1
16 550 550
17 550 526
18 550 490
19 550 455
20 550 426
21 548 405
22 498 351
23 455 307
24 418 269
25 384 238
26 355 211
27 329 188
28 306 168
29 285 151
30 266 137
31 249 124
32 233 112
20K5 20 8.2
20 550 550
21 550 520
22 550 490
23 529 451
24 485 396
25 446 350
26 412 310
27 382 277
28 355 248
29 330 223
30 308 201
31 289 182
32 271 165
33 254 150
34 239 137
35 226 126
36 213 115
37 202 106
38 191 98
39 181 90
40 172 84
24K4 24 8.4
24 520 516
25 479 456
26 442 405
27 410 361
28 381 323
29 354 290
30 331 262
31 310 237
32 290 215
33 273 196
34 257 179
35 242 164
36 229 150
37 216 138
38 205 128
39 195 118
40 185 109
41 176 101
42 168 94
43 160 88
44 153 82
45 146 76
46 139 71
47 133 67
48 128 63
18K6 18 8.5
18 550 550
19 550 523
20 550 490
21 550 460
22 550 438
23 516 393
24 473 345
25 435 305
26 402 271
27 372 241
28 346 216
29 322 194
30 301 175
31 281 158
32 264 144
33 248 131
34 233 120
35 220 110
36 208 101
16K7 16 8.6
16 550 550
17 550 526
18 550 490
19 550 455
20 550 426
21 550 406
22 550 385
23 507 339
24 465 298
25 428 263
26 395 233
27 366 208
28 340 186
29 317 167
30 296 151
31 277 137
32 259 124
22K5 22 8.8
22 550 548
23 550 518
24 536 483
25 493 427
26 455 379
27 422 337
28 392 302
29 365 272
30 341 245
31 319 222
32 299 201
33 281 183
34 265 167
35 249 153
36 236 141
37 223 130
38 211 119
39 200 110
40 190 102
41 181 95
42 173 83
43 165 82
44 157 76
20K6 20 8.9
20 550 550
21 550 520
22 550 490
23 550 468
24 528 430
25 486 380
26 449 337
27 416 301
28 386 269
29 360 242
30 336 218
31 314 198
32 295 179
33 277 163
34 261 149
35 246 137
36 232 125
37 220 115
38 208 106
39 198 98
40 188 91
18K7 18 9.0
18 550 550
19 550 523
20 550 490
21 550 460
22 550 438
23 550 418
24 526 382
25 485 337
26 448 299
27 415 267
28 385 239
29 359 215
30 335 194
31 313 175
32 294 159
33 276 145
34 260 132
35 245 121
36 232 111
22K6 22 9.2
22 550 548
23 550 518
24 550 495
25 537 464
26 496 411
27 459 367
28 427 328
29 398 295
30 371 266
31 347 241
32 326 219
33 306 199
34 288 182
35 272 167
36 257 153
37 243 141
38 230 130
39 218 120
40 207 111
41 197 103
42 188 96
43 179 89
44 171 83
20K7 20 9.3
20 550 550
21 550 520
22 550 490
23 550 468
24 550 448
25 541 421
26 500 373
27 463 333
28 430 298
29 401 268
30 374 242
31 350 219
32 328 199
33 309 181
34 290 165
35 274 151
36 259 139
37 245 128
38 232 118
39 220 109
40 209 101
24K5 24 9.3
24 550 544
25 540 511
26 499 453
27 462 404
28 429 362
29 400 325
30 373 293
31 349 266
32 327 241
33 308 220
34 290 201
35 273 184
36 258 169
37 244 155
38 231 143
39 219 132
40 208 122
41 198 114
42 189 106
43 180 98
44 172 92
45 164 86
46 157 80
47 150 75
48 144 70
22K7 22 9.7
22 550 548
23 550 518
24 550 495
25 550 474
26 550 454
27 512 406
28 475 364
29 443 327
30 413 295
31 387 267
32 363 242
33 341 221
34 321 202
35 303 185
36 286 169
37 271 156
38 256 144
39 243 133
40 231 123
41 220 114
42 209 106
43 200 99
44 191 92
24K6 24 9.7
24 550 544
25 550 520
26 543 493
27 503 439
28 467 393
29 435 354
30 406 319
31 380 289
32 357 262
33 335 239
34 315 218
35 297 200
36 281 183
37 266 169
38 252 156
39 239 144
40 227 133
41 216 124
42 206 115
43 196 107
44 187 100
45 179 93
46 171 87
47 164 82
48 157 77
26K5 26 9.8
26 542 535
27 502 477
28 466 427
29 434 384
30 405 346
31 379 314
32 356 285
33 334 259
34 315 237
35 297 217
36 280 199
37 265 183
38 251 169
39 238 156
40 227 145
41 215 134
42 205 125
43 196 116
44 187 108
45 179 101
46 171 95
47 164 89
48 157 83
49 150 78
50 144 73
51 139 69
52 133 65
16K9 16 10.0
16 550 550
17 550 526
18 550 490
19 550 455
20 550 426
21 550 406
22 550 385
23 550 363
24 550 346
25 514 311
26 474 276
27 439 246
28 408 220
29 380 198
30 355 178
31 332 161
32 311 147
18LH02 18 10
21.67 554 439
22.67 529 401
23.67 507 368
24.67 486 339
25.67 468 313
26.67 442 284
27.67 418 259
28.67 391 234
29.67 367 212
30.67 345 193
31.67 324 175
32.67 306 160
33.67 289 147
34.67 273 135
35.67 259 124
36.67 245 114
20LH02 20 10
22.67 499 392
23.67 477 360
24.67 458 331
25.67 442 306
26.67 437 303
27.67 431 298
28.67 410 274
29.67 388 250
30.67 365 228
31.67 344 208
32.67 325 190
33.67 307 174
34.67 291 160
35.67 275 147
36.67 262 136
37.67 249 126
38.67 237 117
39.67 225 108
40.67 215 101
24K7 24 10.1
24 550 544
25 550 520
26 550 499
27 550 479
28 521 436
29 485 392
30 453 353
31 424 320
32 397 290
33 373 265
34 351 242
35 331 221
36 313 203
37 296 187
38 281 172
39 266 159
40 253 148
41 241 137
42 229 127
43 219 118
44 209 110
45 199 103
46 191 97
47 183 90
48 175 85
18K9 18 10.2
18 550 550
19 550 523
20 550 490
21 550 460
22 550 438
23 550 418
24 550 396
25 550 377
26 538 354
27 498 315
28 463 282
29 431 254
30 402 229
31 376 207
32 353 188
33 332 171
34 312 156
35 294 143
36 278 132
26K6 26 10.6
26 550 541
27 547 519
28 508 464
29 473 417
30 441 377
31 413 341
32 387 309
33 364 282
34 343 257
35 323 236
36 305 216
37 289 199
38 274 184
39 260 170
40 247 157
41 235 146
42 224 136
43 213 126
44 204 118
45 194 110
46 186 103
47 178 96
48 171 90
49 164 85
50 157 80
51 151 75
52 145 71
20K9 20 10.8
20 550 550
21 550 520
22 550 490
23 550 468
24 550 448
25 550 426
26 550 405
27 550 389
28 517 353
29 482 317
30 450 286
31 421 259
32 395 235
33 371 214
34 349 195
35 329 179
36 311 164
37 294 151
38 279 139
39 265 129
40 251 119
26K7 26 10.9
26 550 541
27 550 522
28 550 501
29 527 463
30 492 417
31 460 378
32 432 343
33 406 312
34 382 285
35 360 261
36 340 240
37 322 221
38 305 204
39 289 188
40 275 174
41 262 162
42 249 150
43 238 140
44 227 131
45 217 122
46 207 114
47 199 107
48 190 100
49 183 94
50 175 89
51 168 83
52 162 79
18LH03 18 11
21.67 614 488
22.67 587 446
23.67 562 409
24.67 539 377
25.67 521 348
26.67 493 317
27.67 467 289
28.67 438 262
29.67 409 236
30.67 382 213
31.67 359 194
32.67 337 177
33.67 317 161
34.67 299 148
35.67 283 136
36.67 267 124
20LH03 20 11
22.67 529 432
23.67 507 396
24.67 486 365
25.67 469 337
26.67 463 333
27.67 458 317
28.67 452 302
29.67 434 280
30.67 414 258
31.67 395 238
32.67 372 218
33.67 352 200
34.67 333 184
35.67 316 169
36.67 299 156
37.67 283 143
38.67 269 133
39.67 255 123
40.67 243 114
24LH03 24 11
28.67 401 324
29.67 388 303
30.67 375 283
31.67 363 266
32.67 352 250
33.67 342 235
34.67 339 226
35.67 336 218
36.67 323 204
37.67 307 188
38.67 293 175
39.67 279 162
40.67 267 152
41.67 255 141
42.67 244 132
43.67 234 124
44.67 224 116
45.67 215 109
46.67 207 102
47.67 199 96
48.67 191 90
22K9 22 11.3
22 550 548
23 550 518
24 550 495
25 550 474
26 550 454
27 550 432
28 550 413
29 532 387
30 497 349
31 465 316
32 436 287
33 410 261
34 386 239
35 364 219
36 344 201
37 325 185
38 308 170
39 292 157
40 278 146
41 264 135
42 252 126
43 240 117
44 229 109
28K6 28 11.4
28 548 541
29 511 486
30 477 439
31 446 397
32 418 361
33 393 329
34 370 300
35 349 275
36 330 252
37 312 232
38 296 214
39 280 198
40 266 183
41 253 170
42 241 158
43 230 147
44 220 137
45 210 128
46 201 120
47 192 112
48 184 105
49 177 99
50 170 93
51 163 88
52 157 83
53 151 78
54 145 74
55 140 70
56 135 66
24K8 24 11.5
24 550 544
25 550 520
26 550 499
27 550 479
28 550 456
29 536 429
30 500 387
31 468 350
32 439 318
33 413 289
34 388 264
35 366 242
36 346 222
37 327 205
38 310 189
39 294 174
40 280 161
41 266 150
42 253 139
43 242 130
44 231 121
45 220 113
46 211 106
47 202 99
48 194 93
18K10 18 11.7
18 550 550
19 550 523
20 550 490
21 550 460
22 550 438
23 550 418
24 550 396
25 550 377
26 550 361
27 550 347
28 548 331
29 511 298
30 477 269
31 446 243
32 418 221
33 393 201
34 370 184
35 349 168
36 330 154
28K7 28 11.8
28 550 543
29 550 522
30 531 486
31 497 440
32 466 400
33 438 364
34 412 333
35 389 305
36 367 280
37 348 257
38 329 237
39 313 219
40 297 203
41 283 189
42 269 175
43 257 163
44 245 152
45 234 142
46 224 133
47 214 125
48 206 117
49 197 110
50 189 103
51 182 97
52 175 92
53 168 87
54 162 82
55 156 77
56 151 73
24K9 24 12.0
24 550 544
25 550 520
26 550 499
27 550 479
28 550 456
29 550 436
30 544 419
31 510 379
32 478 344
33 449 313
34 423 286
35 399 262
36 377 241
37 356 222
38 338 204
39 320 189
40 304 175
41 290 162
42 276 151
43 263 140
44 251 131
45 240 122
46 230 114
47 220 107
48 211 101
18LH04 18 12
21.67 715 566
22.67 684 517
23.67 655 474
24.67 628 436
25.67 605 403
26.67 571 367
27.67 535 329
28.67 500 296
29.67 469 266
30.67 440 242
31.67 413 219
32.67 388 200
33.67 365 182
34.67 344 167
35.67 325 153
36.67 308 141
20LH04 20 12
22.67 649 549
23.67 621 503
24.67 596 463
25.67 574 428
26.67 566 406
27.67 558 386
28.67 528 352
29.67 496 320
30.67 467 291
31.67 440 265
32.67 416 243
33.67 393 223
34.67 372 205
35.67 353 189
36.67 335 174
37.67 318 161
38.67 303 149
39.67 289 139
40.67 275 129
24LH04 24 12
28.67 492 397
29.67 475 371
30.67 460 347
31.67 445 326
32.67 432 306
33.67 419 288
34.67 398 265
35.67 379 246
36.67 360 227
37.67 343 210
38.67 327 195
39.67 312 182
40.67 298 169
41.67 285 158
42.67 273 148
43.67 262 138
44.67 251 130
45.67 241 122
46.67 231 114
47.67 222 107
48.67 214 101
26K8 26 12.1
26 550 541
27 550 522
28 550 501
29 550 479
30 544 457
31 509 413
32 477 375
33 448 342
34 422 312
35 398 286
36 376 263
37 356 242
38 337 223
39 320 206
40 304 191
41 289 177
42 275 164
43 263 153
44 251 143
45 240 133
46 229 125
47 219 117
48 210 110
49 202 103
50 194 97
51 186 91
52 179 86
20K10 20 12.2
20 550 550
21 550 520
22 550 490
23 550 468
24 550 448
25 550 426
26 550 405
27 550 389
28 550 375
29 550 359
30 533 336
31 499 304
32 468 276
33 440 251
34 414 229
35 390 210
36 369 193
37 349 178
38 331 164
39 314 151
40 298 140
26K9 26 12.2
26 550 541
27 550 522
28 550 501
29 550 479
30 550 459
31 550 444
32 519 407
33 488 370
34 459 338
35 433 310
36 409 284
37 387 262
38 367 241
39 348 223
40 331 207
41 315 192
42 300 178
43 286 166
44 273 155
45 261 145
46 250 135
47 239 127
48 229 119
49 220 112
50 211 105
51 203 99
52 195 93
30K7 30 12.3
30 550 543
31 534 508
32 501 461
33 471 420
34 443 384
35 418 351
36 395 323
37 373 297
38 354 274
39 336 253
40 319 234
41 303 217
42 289 202
43 276 188
44 263 176
45 251 164
46 241 153
47 230 144
48 221 135
49 212 127
50 203 119
51 195 112
52 188 106
53 181 100
54 174 94
55 168 89
56 162 84
57 156 80
58 151 76
59 146 72
60 141 69
22K10 22 12.6
22 550 548
23 550 518
24 550 495
25 550 474
26 550 454
27 550 432
28 550 413
29 550 399
30 550 385
31 550 369
32 517 337
33 486 307
34 458 280
35 432 257
36 408 236
37 386 217
38 366 200
39 347 185
40 330 171
41 314 159
42 299 148
43 285 138
44 272 128
28K8 28 12.7
28 550 543
29 550 522
30 550 500
31 550 480
32 515 438
33 484 399
34 456 364
35 430 333
36 406 306
37 384 282
38 364 260
39 346 240
40 328 222
41 312 206
42 297 192
43 284 179
44 271 167
45 259 156
46 248 146
47 237 136
48 227 128
49 218 120
50 209 113
51 201 106
52 193 100
53 186 95
54 179 89
55 173 85
56 166 80
28K9 28 13.0
28 550 543
29 550 522
30 550 500
31 550 480
32 549 463
33 527 432
34 496 395
35 468 361
36 442 332
37 418 305
38 396 282
39 376 260
40 357 241
41 340 224
42 324 208
43 309 194
44 295 181
45 282 169
46 270 158
47 258 148
48 247 139
49 237 130
50 228 123
51 219 115
52 210 109
53 203 103
54 195 97
55 188 92
56 181 87
24LH05 24 13
28.67 527 425
29.67 509 397
30.67 492 371
31.67 477 348
32.67 462 327
33.67 449 308
34.67 446 297
35.67 440 285
36.67 419 264
37.67 399 244
38.67 380 226
39.67 363 210
40.67 347 196
41.67 331 182
42.67 317 171
43.67 304 160
44.67 291 150
45.67 280 141
46.67 269 132
47.67 258 124
48.67 248 117
28LH05 28 13
33.67 416 335
34.67 404 316
35.67 393 299
36.67 382 283
37.67 372 268
38.67 362 254
39.67 353 242
40.67 344 230
41.67 337 219
42.67 323 205
43.67 310 192
44.67 297 180
45.67 286 169
46.67 275 159
47.67 265 150
48.67 255 142
49.67 245 133
50.67 237 126
51.67 228 119
52.67 220 113
53.67 213 107
54.67 206 102
55.67 199 97
56.67 193 92
24K10 24 13.1
24 550 544
25 550 520
26 550 499
27 550 479
28 550 456
29 550 436
30 550 422
31 550 410
32 549 393
33 532 368
34 502 337
35 473 308
36 447 283
37 423 260
38 401 240
39 380 222
40 361 206
41 344 191
42 327 177
43 312 165
44 298 154
45 285 144
46 272 135
47 261 126
48 250 118
30K8 30 13.2
30 550 543
31 550 520
32 549 500
33 520 460
34 490 420
35 462 384
36 436 353
37 413 325
38 391 300
39 371 277
40 353 256
41 335 238
42 320 221
43 305 206
44 291 192
45 278 179
46 266 168
47 255 157
48 244 148
49 234 139
50 225 130
51 216 123
52 208 116
53 200 109
54 192 103
55 185 98
56 179 92
57 173 88
58 167 83
59 161 79
60 156 75
30K9 30 13.4
30 550 543
31 550 520
32 549 500
33 532 468
34 516 441
35 501 415
36 475 383
37 449 352
38 426 325
39 404 300
40 384 278
41 365 258
42 348 240
43 332 223
44 317 208
45 303 195
46 290 182
47 277 171
48 266 160
49 255 150
50 245 141
51 235 133
52 226 126
53 218 119
54 209 112
55 202 106
56 195 100
57 188 95
58 181 90
59 175 86
60 169 81
22K11 22 13.8
22 550 548
23 550 518
24 550 495
25 550 474
26 550 454
27 550 432
28 550 413
29 550 399
30 550 385
31 550 369
32 549 355
33 532 334
34 516 314
35 494 292
36 467 269
37 442 247
38 419 228
39 397 211
40 377 195
41 359 181
42 342 168
43 326 157
44 311 146
26K10 26 13.8
26 550 541
27 550 522
28 550 501
29 550 479
30 550 459
31 550 444
32 549 431
33 532 404
34 516 378
35 501 356
36 486 334
37 460 308
38 436 284
39 413 262
40 393 243
41 374 225
42 356 210
43 339 195
44 324 182
45 310 170
46 296 159
47 284 149
48 272 140
49 261 131
50 250 124
51 241 116
52 231 110
20LH05 20 14
22.67 697 589
23.67 668 540
24.67 641 497
25.67 616 459
26.67 609 437
27.67 602 416
28.67 595 395
29.67 571 366
30.67 544 337
31.67 513 308
32.67 484 281
33.67 458 258
34.67 434 238
35.67 411 219
36.67 390 202
37.67 371 187
38.67 353 173
39.67 336 161
40.67 321 150
32LH06 32 14
38.67 432 348
39.67 421 331
40.67 411 315
41.67 401 300
42.67 391 286
43.67 382 273
44.67 374 261
45.67 366 250
46.67 358 239
47.67 350 229
48.67 343 220
49.67 338 211
50.67 326 199
51.67 315 189
52.67 304 179
53.67 294 169
54.67 284 161
55.67 275 153
56.67 266 145
57.67 257 138
58.67 249 131
59.67 242 125
60.67 234 119
61.67 227 114
62.67 220 108
63.67 214 104
64.67 208 99
28K10 28 14.3
28 550 543
29 550 522
30 550 500
31 550 480
32 549 463
33 532 435
34 516 410
35 501 389
36 487 366
37 474 344
38 461 325
39 447 306
40 424 284
41 404 263
42 384 245
43 367 228
44 350 212
45 334 198
46 320 186
47 306 174
48 294 163
49 282 153
50 270 144
51 260 136
52 250 128
53 240 121
54 232 114
55 223 108
56 215 102
30K10 30 15.0
30 550 543
31 550 520
32 549 500
33 532 468
34 516 441
35 501 415
36 487 392
37 474 374
38 461 353
39 449 333
40 438 315
41 427 300
42 413 282
43 394 263
44 376 245
45 359 229
46 344 214
47 329 201
48 315 188
49 303 177
50 291 166
51 279 157
52 268 148
53 258 140
54 249 132
55 240 125
56 231 118
57 223 112
58 215 106
59 208 101
60 201 96
18LH05 18 15
21.67 808 637
22.67 772 582
23.67 739 534
24.67 709 492
25.67 684 454
26.67 648 414
27.67 614 378
28.67 581 345
29.67 543 311
30.67 508 282
31.67 476 256
32.67 448 233
33.67 421 212
34.67 397 195
35.67 375 179
36.67 355 164
18LH06 18 15
21.67 955 738
22.67 913 674
23.67 875 619
24.67 839 570
25.67 809 526
26.67 749 469
27.67 696 419
28.67 648 377
29.67 605 340
30.67 566 307
31.67 531 280
32.67 499 254
33.67 470 232
34.67 443 212
35.67 418 195
36.67 396 180
20LH06 20 15
22.67 931 777
23.67 892 713
24.67 855 656
25.67 822 606
26.67 791 561
27.67 763 521
28.67 723 477
29.67 679 427
30.67 635 386
31.67 596 351
32.67 560 320
33.67 527 292
34.67 497 267
35.67 469 246
36.67 444 226
37.67 421 209
38.67 399 192
39.67 379 178
40.67 361 165
24K12 24 16.0
24 550 544
25 550 520
26 550 499
27 550 479
28 550 456
29 550 436
30 550 422
31 550 410
32 549 393
33 532 368
34 516 344
35 501 324
36 487 306
37 474 290
38 461 275
39 449 261
40 438 247
41 427 235
42 417 224
43 406 213
44 387 199
45 370 185
46 354 174
47 339 163
48 325 153
24LH06 24 16
28.67 708 567
29.67 684 529
30.67 662 495
31.67 641 465
32.67 621 437
33.67 604 411
34.67 579 382
35.67 555 356
36.67 530 331
37.67 504 306
38.67 480 284
39.67 457 263
40.67 437 245
41.67 417 228
42.67 399 211
43.67 381 197
44.67 364 184
45.67 348 172
46.67 334 161
47.67 320 152
48.67 307 142
28LH06 28 16
33.67 552 443
34.67 537 417
35.67 521 394
36.67 507 373
37.67 494 354
38.67 481 336
39.67 469 319
40.67 457 303
41.67 448 289
42.67 429 270
43.67 412 253
44.67 395 238
45.67 379 223
46.67 364 209
47.67 350 197
48.67 337 186
49.67 324 175
50.67 313 166
51.67 301 156
52.67 291 148
53.67 281 140
54.67 271 133
55.67 262 126
56.67 253 120
32LH07 32 16
38.67 486 388
39.67 474 368
40.67 462 351
41.67 451 334
42.67 441 318
43.67 431 304
44.67 421 291
45.67 412 278
46.67 403 266
47.67 394 255
48.67 386 245
49.67 379 235
50.67 366 223
51.67 353 211
52.67 341 200
53.67 329 189
54.67 318 179
55.67 308 170
56.67 298 162
57.67 288 154
58.67 279 146
59.67 271 140
60.67 262 133
61.67 254 127
62.67 247 121
63.67 240 116
64.67 233 111
36LH07 36 16
42.67 394 323
43.67 385 309
44.67 376 295
45.67 368 282
46.67 360 270
47.67 352 259
48.67 345 249
49.67 338 239
50.67 332 229
51.67 325 220
52.67 319 212
53.67 313 204
54.67 307 197
55.67 302 190
56.67 296 183
57.67 292 177
58.67 283 168
59.67 274 160
60.67 266 153
61.67 258 146
62.67 251 140
63.67 244 134
64.67 237 128
65.67 230 122
66.67 224 117
67.67 218 112
68.67 212 107
69.67 207 103
70.67 201 99
71.67 196 95
72.67 191 91
40LH08 40 16
47.67 348 285
48.67 341 273
49.67 334 262
50.67 328 252
51.67 321 242
52.67 315 233
53.67 309 225
54.67 304 216
55.67 298 209
56.67 293 201
57.67 288 195
58.67 283 188
59.67 278 182
60.67 274 176
61.67 269 170
62.67 265 165
63.67 261 160
64.67 257 155
65.67 254 150
66.67 247 144
67.67 241 138
68.67 234 132
69.67 228 127
70.67 222 122
71.67 217 117
72.67 211 112
73.67 206 108
74.67 201 104
75.67 196 100
76.67 192 97
77.67 187 93
78.67 183 90
79.67 178 86
80.67 174 83
30K11 30 16.4
30 550 543
31 550 520
32 549 500
33 532 468
34 516 441
35 501 415
36 487 392
37 474 374
38 461 353
39 449 333
40 438 315
41 427 300
42 417 284
43 407 270
44 398 258
45 389 246
46 380 236
47 372 226
48 362 215
49 347 202
50 333 190
51 320 179
52 308 169
53 296 159
54 285 150
55 275 142
56 265 135
57 256 128
58 247 121
59 239 115
60 231 109
26K12 26 16.6
26 550 541
27 550 522
28 550 501
29 550 479
30 550 459
31 550 444
32 549 431
33 532 404
34 516 378
35 501 356
36 487 334
37 474 315
38 461 299
39 449 283
40 438 269
41 427 256
42 417 244
43 407 232
44 398 222
45 389 212
46 380 203
47 369 192
48 353 180
49 339 169
50 325 159
51 313 150
52 301 142
18LH07 18 17
21.67 992 776
22.67 949 709
23.67 908 650
24.67 872 599
25.67 840 553
26.67 809 513
27.67 780 476
28.67 726 428
29.67 678 386
30.67 635 349
31.67 595 317
32.67 559 288
33.67 526 264
34.67 496 241
35.67 469 222
36.67 444 204
20LH07 20 17
22.67 993 830
23.67 951 761
24.67 912 701
25.67 878 647
26.67 845 599
27.67 814 556
28.67 786 518
29.67 760 484
30.67 711 438
31.67 667 398
32.67 627 362
33.67 590 331
34.67 556 303
35.67 526 278
36.67 497 256
37.67 471 236
38.67 447 218
39.67 425 202
40.67 404 187
24LH07 24 17
28.67 778 623
29.67 752 582
30.67 727 545
31.67 704 511
32.67 683 480
33.67 665 452
34.67 638 421
35.67 613 393
36.67 588 367
37.67 565 343
38.67 541 320
39.67 516 297
40.67 491 276
41.67 468 257
42.67 446 239
43.67 426 223
44.67 407 208
45.67 389 195
46.67 373 182
47.67 357 171
48.67 343 161
28LH07 28 17
33.67 624 499
34.67 606 471
35.67 589 445
36.67 573 421
37.67 558 399
38.67 543 379
39.67 529 360
40.67 516 342
41.67 505 326
42.67 484 305
43.67 464 285
44.67 445 267
45.67 427 251
46.67 410 236
47.67 394 222
48.67 379 209
49.67 365 197
50.67 352 186
51.67 339 176
52.67 327 166
53.67 316 158
54.67 305 150
55.67 295 142
56.67 285 135
32LH08 32 17
38.67 528 421
39.67 514 400
40.67 502 380
41.67 490 362
42.67 478 346
43.67 467 330
44.67 457 315
45.67 447 302
46.67 437 289
47.67 428 277
48.67 419 266
49.67 411 255
50.67 397 242
51.67 383 229
52.67 369 216
53.67 357 205
54.67 345 194
55.67 333 184
56.67 322 175
57.67 312 167
58.67 302 159
59.67 293 151
60.67 284 144
61.67 275 137
62.67 267 131
63.67 259 125
64.67 252 120
28K12 28 17.1
28 550 543
29 550 522
30 550 500
31 550 480
32 549 463
33 532 435
34 516 410
35 501 389
36 487 366
37 474 344
38 461 325
39 449 308
40 438 291
41 427 277
42 417 264
43 407 252
44 398 240
45 389 229
46 380 219
47 372 210
48 365 201
49 357 193
50 350 185
51 338 175
52 325 165
53 313 156
54 301 147
55 290 139
56 280 132
30K12 30 17.6
30 550 543
31 550 520
32 549 500
33 532 468
34 516 441
35 501 415
36 487 392
37 474 374
38 461 353
39 449 333
40 438 315
41 427 300
42 417 284
43 407 270
44 398 258
45 389 246
46 380 236
47 372 226
48 365 216
49 357 207
50 350 199
51 343 192
52 336 184
53 330 177
54 324 170
55 312 161
56 301 153
57 290 145
58 280 137
59 271 130
60 262 124
24LH08 24 18
28.67 830 662
29.67 802 618
30.67 776 579
31.67 752 543
32.67 729 510
33.67 707 480
34.67 677 447
35.67 649 416
36.67 622 388
37.67 597 362
38.67 572 338
39.67 545 314
40.67 520 292
41.67 497 272
42.67 475 254
43.67 455 238
44.67 435 222
45.67 417 208
46.67 400 196
47.67 384 184
48.67 369 173
28LH08 28 18
33.67 668 533
34.67 649 503
35.67 631 475
36.67 614 449
37.67 597 426
38.67 582 404
39.67 567 384
40.67 553 365
41.67 540 348
42.67 517 325
43.67 496 305
44.67 475 285
45.67 456 268
46.67 438 252
47.67 420 236
48.67 403 222
49.67 387 209
50.67 371 196
51.67 357 185
52.67 344 175
53.67 331 165
54.67 319 156
55.67 308 148
56.67 297 140
36LH08 36 18
42.67 434 354
43.67 424 338
44.67 414 323
45.67 405 309
46.67 396 296
47.67 388 284
48.67 380 272
49.67 372 262
50.67 365 251
51.67 358 242
52.67 351 233
53.67 345 224
54.67 338 216
55.67 332 208
56.67 326 201
57.67 321 194
58.67 311 185
59.67 302 176
60.67 293 168
61.67 284 160
62.67 276 153
63.67 268 146
64.67 260 140
65.67 253 134
66.67 246 128
67.67 239 123
68.67 233 118
69.67 227 113
70.67 221 109
71.67 215 104
72.67 209 100
18LH08 18 19
21.67 1034 810
22.67 988 740
23.67 946 679
24.67 908 625
25.67 876 577
26.67 843 534
27.67 812 496
28.67 784 462
29.67 758 427
30.67 717 387
31.67 680 351
32.67 641 320
33.67 604 292
34.67 571 267
35.67 540 246
36.67 512 226
20LH08 20 19
22.67 1024 858
23.67 980 787
24.67 941 724
25.67 908 669
26.67 873 619
27.67 842 575
28.67 813 536
29.67 785 500
30.67 760 468
31.67 722 428
32.67 687 395
33.67 654 365
34.67 621 336
35.67 588 309
36.67 558 285
37.67 530 262
38.67 503 242
39.67 479 225
40.67 457 209
44LH09 44 19
52.67 380 309
53.67 373 298
54.67 366 287
55.67 359 277
56.67 353 267
57.67 347 258
58.67 341 249
59.67 335 241
60.67 330 233
61.67 324 225
62.67 319 218
63.67 314 212
64.67 309 205
65.67 305 199
66.67 300 193
67.67 296 187
68.67 291 182
69.67 287 177
70.67 283 172
71.67 279 167
72.67 275 162
73.67 272 158
74.67 265 152
75.67 259 146
76.67 253 141
77.67 247 136
78.67 242 131
79.67 236 127
80.67 231 122
81.67 226 118
82.67 221 114
83.67 216 110
84.67 211 106
85.67 207 103
86.67 202 99
87.67 198 96
88.67 194 93
18LH09 18 21
21.67 1108 864
22.67 1059 790
23.67 1014 725
24.67 973 667
25.67 936 616
26.67 901 571
27.67 868 527
28.67 838 491
29.67 810 458
30.67 783 418
31.67 759 380
32.67 713 346
33.67 671 316
34.67 633 289
35.67 598 266
36.67 566 245
20LH09 20 21
22.67 1121 935
23.67 1073 857
24.67 1030 789
25.67 990 729
26.67 953 675
27.67 918 626
28.67 886 581
29.67 856 542
30.67 828 507
31.67 802 475
32.67 778 436
33.67 755 399
34.67 712 366
35.67 673 336
36.67 636 309
37.67 603 285
38.67 572 264
39.67 544 244
40.67 517 227
24LH09 24 21
28.67 977 775
29.67 944 724
30.67 913 677
31.67 884 635
32.67 857 597
33.67 832 562
34.67 808 530
35.67 785 501
36.67 764 460
37.67 731 424
38.67 696 393
39.67 663 363
40.67 632 337
41.67 602 313
42.67 574 292
43.67 548 272
44.67 524 254
45.67 501 238
46.67 480 223
47.67 460 209
48.67 441 196
28LH09 28 21
33.67 823 656
34.67 799 618
35.67 777 584
36.67 755 553
37.67 735 524
38.67 716 497
39.67 698 472
40.67 681 449
41.67 667 428
42.67 639 400
43.67 612 375
44.67 586 351
45.67 563 329
46.67 540 309
47.67 519 291
48.67 499 274
49.67 481 258
50.67 463 243
51.67 446 228
52.67 430 216
53.67 415 204
54.67 401 193
55.67 387 183
56.67 374 173
32LH09 32 21
38.67 662 526
39.67 645 500
40.67 630 476
41.67 614 453
42.67 600 432
43.67 586 413
44.67 573 394
45.67 561 377
46.67 549 361
47.67 537 346
48.67 526 332
49.67 516 319
50.67 498 302
51.67 480 285
52.67 463 270
53.67 447 256
54.67 432 243
55.67 418 230
56.67 404 219
57.67 391 208
58.67 379 198
59.67 367 189
60.67 356 180
61.67 345 172
62.67 335 164
63.67 325 157
64.67 315 149
32LH10 32 21
38.67 732 581
39.67 713 552
40.67 696 525
41.67 679 500
42.67 663 477
43.67 648 455
44.67 634 435
45.67 620 416
46.67 606 399
47.67 594 382
48.67 582 367
49.67 571 352
50.67 550 332
51.67 531 315
52.67 512 297
53.67 495 282
54.67 478 267
55.67 462 254
56.67 445 240
57.67 430 228
58.67 416 217
59.67 402 206
60.67 389 196
61.67 376 186
62.67 364 178
63.67 353 169
64.67 342 162
36LH09 36 21
42.67 555 451
43.67 543 431
44.67 531 412
45.67 519 394
46.67 508 377
47.67 497 362
48.67 487 347
49.67 477 333
50.67 468 320
51.67 459 308
52.67 450 296
53.67 442 285
54.67 434 275
55.67 426 265
56.67 418 256
57.67 411 247
58.67 398 235
59.67 386 224
60.67 374 214
61.67 363 204
62.67 352 195
63.67 342 186
64.67 333 179
65.67 323 171
66.67 314 163
67.67 306 157
68.67 297 150
69.67 289 144
70.67 282 138
71.67 275 133
72.67 267 127
36LH10 36 21
42.67 612 499
43.67 598 476
44.67 584 455
45.67 572 435
46.67 559 417
47.67 548 400
48.67 536 383
49.67 525 368
50.67 515 354
51.67 505 340
52.67 496 327
53.67 486 315
54.67 477 304
55.67 469 293
56.67 461 283
57.67 454 273
58.67 440 260
59.67 426 248
60.67 413 236
61.67 401 225
62.67 389 215
63.67 378 206
64.67 367 197
65.67 357 188
66.67 347 180
67.67 338 173
68.67 328 165
69.67 320 159
70.67 311 152
71.67 303 146
72.67 295 140
40LH09 40 21
47.67 457 372
48.67 448 357
49.67 439 343
50.67 430 329
51.67 422 317
52.67 414 305
53.67 406 293
54.67 399 283
55.67 392 273
56.67 385 263
57.67 378 254
58.67 372 246
59.67 365 237
60.67 359 230
61.67 354 222
62.67 348 215
63.67 342 209
64.67 337 202
65.67 332 196
66.67 323 188
67.67 315 180
68.67 306 173
69.67 298 166
70.67 291 160
71.67 283 153
72.67 276 147
73.67 269 141
74.67 263 136
75.67 256 131
76.67 250 126
77.67 244 122
78.67 239 118
79.67 233 113
80.67 228 109
40LH10 40 21
47.67 503 410
48.67 493 393
49.67 483 378
50.67 474 363
51.67 465 349
52.67 456 336
53.67 447 323
54.67 439 312
55.67 431 301
56.67 424 290
57.67 416 280
58.67 409 271
59.67 402 262
60.67 396 253
61.67 389 245
62.67 383 237
63.67 377 230
64.67 371 223
65.67 367 216
66.67 357 207
67.67 347 198
68.67 338 190
69.67 329 183
70.67 321 176
71.67 313 169
72.67 305 162
73.67 297 156
74.67 290 150
75.67 283 144
76.67 276 139
77.67 269 134
78.67 262 129
79.67 255 124
80.67 249 119
44LH10 44 21
52.67 420 340
53.67 412 328
54.67 404 316
55.67 397 305
56.67 390 294
57.67 383 284
58.67 377 274
59.67 370 265
60.67 364 257
61.67 358 248
62.67 353 240
63.67 347 233
64.67 342 226
65.67 337 219
66.67 331 212
67.67 327 206
68.67 322 200
69.67 317 195
70.67 313 189
71.67 308 184
72.67 304 179
73.67 300 174
74.67 293 168
75.67 286 162
76.67 279 155
77.67 272 150
78.67 266 144
79.67 260 139
80.67 254 134
81.67 249 130
82.67 243 125
83.67 238 121
84.67 233 117
85.67 228 113
86.67 223 110
87.67 218 106
88.67 214 103
48LH10 48 21
56.67 353 293
57.67 347 283
58.67 341 273
59.67 335 264
60.67 330 256
61.67 324 247
62.67 319 239
63.67 314 232
64.67 309 225
65.67 305 218
66.67 300 212
67.67 296 205
68.67 291 199
69.67 287 194
70.67 283 188
71.67 279 183
72.67 275 178
73.67 271 173
74.67 268 169
75.67 264 164
76.67 261 160
77.67 258 156
78.67 254 152
79.67 251 148
80.67 248 145
81.67 246 141
82.67 241 136
83.67 236 132
84.67 231 127
85.67 226 123
86.67 221 119
87.67 217 116
88.67 212 112
89.67 208 108
90.67 204 105
91.67 200 102
92.67 196 99
93.67 192 96
94.67 188 93
95.67 185 90
96.67 181 87
40LH11 40 22
47.67 550 444
48.67 538 426
49.67 528 409
50.67 517 393
51.67 507 378
52.67 497 364
53.67 488 350
54.67 479 338
55.67 471 326
56.67 462 314
57.67 454 303
58.67 447 293
59.67 439 283
60.67 432 274
61.67 425 265
62.67 418 257
63.67 412 249
64.67 405 241
65.67 399 234
66.67 388 224
67.67 378 215
68.67 368 207
69.67 358 198
70.67 349 190
71.67 340 183
72.67 332 176
73.67 323 169
74.67 315 163
75.67 308 157
76.67 300 151
77.67 293 145
78.67 286 140
79.67 279 135
80.67 273 130
44LH11 44 22
52.67 454 368
53.67 445 354
54.67 437 341
55.67 429 329
56.67 422 318
57.67 414 307
58.67 407 296
59.67 401 287
60.67 394 277
61.67 388 268
62.67 381 260
63.67 375 252
64.67 370 244
65.67 364 237
66.67 358 230
67.67 353 223
68.67 348 216
69.67 343 210
70.67 338 204
71.67 333 199
72.67 329 193
73.67 325 188
74.67 317 181
75.67 310 175
76.67 302 168
77.67 295 162
78.67 289 157
79.67 282 151
80.67 276 146
81.67 269 140
82.67 264 136
83.67 258 131
84.67 252 127
85.67 247 123
86.67 242 119
87.67 236 115
88.67 232 111
48LH11 48 22
56.67 383 316
57.67 376 305
58.67 370 295
59.67 364 285
60.67 358 275
61.67 352 267
62.67 346 258
63.67 341 250
64.67 336 242
65.67 330 235
66.67 325 228
67.67 321 221
68.67 316 215
69.67 311 209
70.67 307 203
71.67 303 197
72.67 299 192
73.67 295 187
74.67 291 182
75.67 287 177
76.67 283 172
77.67 279 168
78.67 276 164
79.67 272 160
80.67 269 156
81.67 266 152
82.67 260 147
83.67 255 142
84.67 249 137
85.67 244 133
86.67 239 129
87.67 234 125
88.67 229 120
89.67 225 117
90.67 220 113
91.67 216 110
92.67 212 106
93.67 208 103
94.67 204 100
95.67 200 97
96.67 196 94
20LH10 20 23
22.67 1209 1008
23.67 1158 924
24.67 1111 851
25.67 1068 786
26.67 1028 724
27.67 991 673
28.67 956 626
29.67 924 585
30.67 894 545
31.67 865 510
32.67 839 479
33.67 814 448
34.67 791 411
35.67 748 377
36.67 707 346
37.67 670 320
38.67 636 296
39.67 604 274
40.67 575 254
24LH10 24 23
28.67 1033 822
29.67 998 768
30.67 965 718
31.67 935 674
32.67 906 633
33.67 882 596
34.67 856 559
35.67 832 528
36.67 809 500
37.67 788 474
38.67 768 439
39.67 737 406
40.67 702 378
41.67 668 351
42.67 637 326
43.67 608 304
44.67 582 285
45.67 556 266
46.67 533 249
47.67 511 234
48.67 490 220
28LH10 28 23
33.67 900 714
34.67 874 673
35.67 850 636
36.67 826 602
37.67 804 570
38.67 784 541
39.67 764 514
40.67 745 489
41.67 729 466
42.67 704 439
43.67 679 414
44.67 651 388
45.67 625 364
46.67 600 342
47.67 576 322
48.67 554 303
49.67 533 285
50.67 513 269
51.67 495 255
52.67 477 241
53.67 460 228
54.67 444 215
55.67 429 204
56.67 415 193
36LH11 36 23
42.67 668 543
43.67 653 518
44.67 638 495
45.67 624 474
46.67 611 454
47.67 598 435
48.67 586 417
49.67 574 400
50.67 562 385
51.67 552 370
52.67 541 356
53.67 531 343
54.67 521 330
55.67 512 319
56.67 503 308
57.67 495 297
58.67 480 283
59.67 465 269
60.67 451 257
61.67 438 246
62.67 425 234
63.67 412 224
64.67 401 214
65.67 389 205
66.67 378 196
67.67 368 188
68.67 358 180
69.67 348 173
70.67 339 166
71.67 330 159
72.67 322 153
32LH11 32 24
38.67 802 635
39.67 782 604
40.67 762 574
41.67 744 547
42.67 727 522
43.67 710 498
44.67 694 476
45.67 679 455
46.67 664 436
47.67 650 418
48.67 637 401
49.67 625 385
50.67 602 363
51.67 580 343
52.67 560 325
53.67 541 308
54.67 522 292
55.67 505 277
56.67 488 263
57.67 473 251
58.67 458 239
59.67 443 227
60.67 429 216
61.67 416 206
62.67 403 196
63.67 390 187
64.67 378 179
24LH11 24 25
28.67 1088 861
29.67 1052 804
30.67 1017 752
31.67 985 705
32.67 955 663
33.67 927 624
34.67 900 588
35.67 875 555
36.67 851 525
37.67 829 498
38.67 807 472
39.67 787 449
40.67 768 418
41.67 734 388
42.67 701 361
43.67 671 337
44.67 642 315
45.67 616 294
46.67 590 276
47.67 567 259
48.67 544 243
28LH11 28 25
33.67 965 763
34.67 937 719
35.67 911 680
36.67 886 643
37.67 863 609
38.67 841 578
39.67 819 549
40.67 799 523
41.67 780 498
42.67 762 475
43.67 736 448
44.67 711 423
45.67 682 397
46.67 655 373
47.67 629 351
48.67 605 331
49.67 582 312
50.67 561 294
51.67 540 278
52.67 521 263
53.67 502 249
54.67 485 236
55.67 468 223
56.67 453 212
36LH12 36 25
42.67 799 647
43.67 781 617
44.67 763 590
45.67 747 564
46.67 731 541
47.67 715 518
48.67 701 497
49.67 687 477
50.67 673 459
51.67 660 441
52.67 647 424
53.67 635 409
54.67 624 394
55.67 613 380
56.67 602 367
57.67 593 354
58.67 575 338
59.67 557 322
60.67 540 307
61.67 523 292
62.67 508 279
63.67 493 267
64.67 478 255
65.67 464 243
66.67 450 232
67.67 437 222
68.67 424 213
69.67 412 204
70.67 400 195
71.67 389 187
72.67 378 179
40LH12 40 25
47.67 669 541
48.67 655 519
49.67 642 498
50.67 630 479
51.67 617 460
52.67 606 443
53.67 594 427
54.67 584 411
55.67 573 397
56.67 563 383
57.67 553 370
58.67 544 357
59.67 535 345
60.67 526 334
61.67 517 323
62.67 509 313
63.67 501 303
64.67 493 294
65.67 486 285
66.67 472 273
67.67 459 261
68.67 447 251
69.67 435 241
70.67 424 231
71.67 413 222
72.67 402 213
73.67 392 205
74.67 382 197
75.67 373 189
76.67 364 182
77.67 355 176
78.67 346 169
79.67 338 163
80.67 330 157
44LH12 44 25
52.67 562 454
53.67 552 437
54.67 541 421
55.67 532 406
56.67 522 392
57.67 513 379
58.67 505 366
59.67 496 354
60.67 488 342
61.67 480 331
62.67 472 321
63.67 465 311
64.67 458 301
65.67 451 292
66.67 444 283
67.67 437 275
68.67 431 267
69.67 425 259
70.67 419 252
71.67 413 245
72.67 407 238
73.67 402 232
74.67 393 224
75.67 383 215
76.67 374 207
77.67 365 200
78.67 356 192
79.67 347 185
80.67 339 179
81.67 331 172
82.67 323 166
83.67 315 160
84.67 308 155
85.67 300 149
86.67 293 144
87.67 287 139
88.67 280 134
48LH12 48 25
56.67 484 397
57.67 475 383
58.67 467 370
59.67 459 358
60.67 452 346
61.67 444 335
62.67 437 324
63.67 430 314
64.67 424 305
65.67 417 295
66.67 411 287
67.67 405 278
68.67 399 270
69.67 393 262
70.67 388 255
71.67 382 248
72.67 377 241
73.67 372 235
74.67 367 228
75.67 362 222
76.67 357 217
77.67 353 211
78.67 348 206
79.67 344 201
80.67 340 196
81.67 336 191
82.67 329 185
83.67 322 179
84.67 315 173
85.67 308 167
86.67 301 161
87.67 295 156
88.67 289 151
89.67 283 147
90.67 277 142
91.67 272 138
92.67 266 133
93.67 261 129
94.67 256 126
95.67 251 122
96.67 246 118
52DLH10 52 25
61.67 433 362
62.67 426 350
63.67 419 339
64.67 413 329
65.67 407 319
66.67 400 309
67.67 395 300
68.67 389 292
69.67 383 283
70.67 378 275
71.67 373 268
72.67 367 260
73.67 362 253
74.67 358 247
75.67 353 240
76.67 348 234
77.67 344 228
78.67 339 222
79.67 335 217
80.67 331 211
81.67 327 206
82.67 323 201
83.67 319 196
84.67 315 192
85.67 312 187
86.67 308 183
87.67 305 179
88.67 301 175
89.67 298 171
90.67 291 165
91.67 285 159
92.67 279 154
93.67 273 150
94.67 267 145
95.67 261 140
96.67 256 136
97.67 251 132
98.67 246 128
99.67 241 124
100.67 236 120
101.67 231 116
102.67 227 114
103.67 223 110
104.67 218 107
52DLH11 52 26
61.67 475 395
62.67 468 383
63.67 460 371
64.67 453 360
65.67 446 349
66.67 439 338
67.67 433 328
68.67 427 319
69.67 421 310
70.67 415 301
71.67 409 293
72.67 403 285
73.67 398 277
74.67 392 270
75.67 387 263
76.67 382 256
77.67 377 249
78.67 372 243
79.67 368 237
80.67 363 231
81.67 359 225
82.67 354 220
83.67 350 215
84.67 346 210
85.67 342 205
86.67 338 200
87.67 334 196
88.67 330 191
89.67 327 187
90.67 320 181
91.67 313 174
92.67 306 169
93.67 299 164
94.67 293 158
95.67 287 153
96.67 281 149
97.67 275 144
98.67 270 140
99.67 264 135
100.67 259 132
101.67 254 128
102.67 249 124
103.67 244 120
104.67 240 117
56DLH11 56 26
66.67 421 363
67.67 415 352
68.67 409 342
69.67 403 332
70.67 398 323
71.67 392 314
72.67 387 305
73.67 381 297
74.67 376 289
75.67 371 282
76.67 367 274
77.67 362 267
78.67 357 260
79.67 353 254
80.67 348 248
81.67 344 242
82.67 340 236
83.67 336 230
84.67 332 225
85.67 328 220
86.67 324 215
87.67 321 210
88.67 317 205
89.67 313 201
90.67 310 196
91.67 307 192
92.67 303 188
93.67 300 184
94.67 297 180
95.67 294 176
96.67 291 173
97.67 288 169
98.67 283 163
99.67 277 158
100.67 272 153
101.67 267 149
102.67 262 145
103.67 257 140
104.67 253 136
105.67 248 133
106.67 244 129
107.67 239 125
108.67 235 122
109.67 231 118
110.67 227 115
111.67 223 113
112.67 219 110
28LH12 28 27
33.67 1060 835
34.67 1030 787
35.67 1001 744
36.67 974 704
37.67 948 667
38.67 923 633
39.67 900 601
40.67 878 572
41.67 857 545
42.67 837 520
43.67 818 496
44.67 800 476
45.67 782 454
46.67 766 435
47.67 737 408
48.67 709 383
49.67 682 361
50.67 656 340
51.67 632 321
52.67 609 303
53.67 587 285
54.67 566 270
55.67 546 256
56.67 527 243
32LH12 32 27
38.67 941 742
39.67 918 705
40.67 895 671
41.67 874 639
42.67 853 610
43.67 834 582
44.67 815 556
45.67 797 532
46.67 780 510
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50.67 712 428
51.67 688 406
52.67 664 384
53.67 641 364
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55.67 598 327
56.67 578 311
57.67 559 295
58.67 541 281
59.67 524 267
60.67 508 255
61.67 492 243
62.67 477 232
63.67 463 221
64.67 449 211
48LH13 48 29
56.67 579 474
57.67 569 457
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59.67 550 427
60.67 541 413
61.67 532 400
62.67 523 387
63.67 515 375
64.67 507 364
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89.67 338 175
90.67 332 170
91.67 325 164
92.67 318 159
93.67 312 154
94.67 306 150
95.67 300 145
96.67 294 141
52DLH12 52 29
61.67 530 431
62.67 522 418
63.67 514 405
64.67 506 392
65.67 498 380
66.67 490 369
67.67 483 358
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97.67 307 158
98.67 301 153
99.67 295 149
100.67 289 144
101.67 284 140
102.67 278 135
103.67 273 132
104.67 268 128
60DLH12 60 29
70.67 440 376
71.67 434 365
72.67 428 355
73.67 422 346
74.67 417 336
75.67 411 328
76.67 406 319
77.67 400 311
78.67 395 303
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91.67 339 223
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95.67 325 205
96.67 322 201
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113.67 256 134
114.67 252 131
115.67 248 128
116.67 244 124
117.67 240 121
118.67 236 118
119.67 232 115
120.67 228 113
28LH13 28 30
33.67 1105 872
34.67 1073 822
35.67 1043 777
36.67 1015 735
37.67 988 696
38.67 962 661
39.67 938 628
40.67 915 597
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49.67 751 396
50.67 722 373
51.67 694 352
52.67 668 332
53.67 643 314
54.67 620 297
55.67 598 281
56.67 577 266
32LH13 32 30
38.67 1050 825
39.67 1024 784
40.67 998 746
41.67 974 710
42.67 952 678
43.67 930 647
44.67 909 618
45.67 889 591
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55.67 690 376
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57.67 643 336
58.67 621 319
59.67 600 304
60.67 581 288
61.67 562 275
62.67 544 262
63.67 527 249
64.67 511 238
36LH13 36 30
42.67 940 758
43.67 918 724
44.67 898 692
45.67 878 662
46.67 859 634
47.67 841 607
48.67 824 583
49.67 807 559
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60.67 634 359
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63.67 579 312
64.67 562 298
65.67 546 285
66.67 531 273
67.67 516 262
68.67 502 251
69.67 488 240
70.67 475 231
71.67 463 222
72.67 451 213
40LH13 40 30
47.67 789 634
48.67 773 608
49.67 757 584
50.67 742 561
51.67 728 540
52.67 714 519
53.67 701 500
54.67 688 482
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73.67 463 241
74.67 451 231
75.67 440 223
76.67 429 214
77.67 419 207
78.67 409 199
79.67 399 192
80.67 390 185
44LH13 44 30
52.67 666 538
53.67 654 518
54.67 642 499
55.67 631 482
56.67 619 465
57.67 609 449
58.67 598 434
59.67 588 419
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81.67 395 205
82.67 386 198
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84.67 369 185
85.67 361 179
86.67 353 173
87.67 346 167
88.67 338 161
56DLH12 56 30
66.67 484 395
67.67 477 383
68.67 470 372
69.67 464 362
70.67 457 351
71.67 451 342
72.67 444 332
73.67 438 323
74.67 433 315
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105.67 284 145
106.67 278 141
107.67 273 137
108.67 268 133
109.67 263 130
110.67 259 126
111.67 254 123
112.67 249 119
44LH14 44 31
52.67 767 616
53.67 753 594
54.67 739 572
55.67 726 552
56.67 713 532
57.67 701 514
58.67 689 497
59.67 677 480
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86.67 396 193
87.67 387 187
88.67 379 181
64DLH12 64 31
75.67 396 345
76.67 391 336
77.67 386 328
78.67 381 319
79.67 377 311
80.67 372 304
81.67 367 296
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121.67 231 125
122.67 228 122
123.67 224 119
124.67 221 116
125.67 218 114
126.67 214 111
127.67 211 109
128.67 208 106
48LH14 48 32
56.67 683 559
57.67 671 539
58.67 660 521
59.67 649 504
60.67 638 487
61.67 628 472
62.67 618 457
63.67 608 443
64.67 598 429
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89.67 399 206
90.67 390 199
91.67 383 193
92.67 375 187
93.67 367 181
94.67 360 176
95.67 353 171
96.67 346 165
32LH14 32 33
38.67 1081 850
39.67 1054 807
40.67 1028 768
41.67 1003 732
42.67 980 698
43.67 957 666
44.67 936 637
45.67 915 609
46.67 896 583
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56.67 713 374
57.67 688 355
58.67 665 337
59.67 643 321
60.67 622 304
61.67 602 290
62.67 583 276
63.67 564 264
64.67 547 251
52DLH13 52 34
61.67 644 522
62.67 634 506
63.67 624 490
64.67 614 475
65.67 605 461
66.67 595 447
67.67 587 434
68.67 578 421
69.67 570 409
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96.67 381 197
97.67 373 191
98.67 366 185
99.67 358 180
100.67 351 174
101.67 344 170
102.67 338 164
103.67 331 159
104.67 325 155
56DLH13 56 34
66.67 586 479
67.67 578 465
68.67 569 451
69.67 561 438
70.67 553 426
71.67 546 414
72.67 538 403
73.67 531 392
74.67 524 382
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100.67 379 204
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102.67 365 191
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105.67 344 175
106.67 338 171
107.67 331 166
108.67 325 161
109.67 319 157
110.67 314 152
111.67 308 149
112.67 303 145
64DLH13 64 34
75.67 481 420
76.67 475 409
77.67 469 398
78.67 463 388
79.67 457 379
80.67 451 369
81.67 446 360
82.67 440 352
83.67 435 343
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122.67 277 148
123.67 273 144
124.67 269 141
125.67 264 137
126.67 260 134
127.67 257 131
128.67 253 128
32LH15 32 35
38.67 1117 878
39.67 1089 834
40.67 1062 794
41.67 1037 756
42.67 1012 721
43.67 989 688
44.67 967 658
45.67 946 629
46.67 926 603
47.67 906 578
48.67 888 554
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57.67 750 393
58.67 725 374
59.67 701 355
60.67 678 338
61.67 656 322
62.67 635 306
63.67 616 292
64.67 597 279
40LH14 40 35
47.67 902 727
48.67 884 697
49.67 866 670
50.67 849 643
51.67 832 619
52.67 816 595
53.67 801 573
54.67 787 553
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76.67 490 243
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80.67 444 209
60DLH13 60 35
70.67 535 454
71.67 527 441
72.67 520 429
73.67 513 418
74.67 506 407
75.67 500 396
76.67 493 386
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78.67 481 366
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113.67 311 163
114.67 306 158
115.67 301 154
116.67 296 151
117.67 291 147
118.67 286 143
119.67 282 139
120.67 277 135
36LH14 36 36
42.67 1036 833
43.67 1012 795
44.67 990 760
45.67 968 727
46.67 947 696
47.67 927 667
48.67 908 640
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65.67 602 309
66.67 584 295
67.67 567 283
68.67 551 270
69.67 535 259
70.67 520 247
71.67 505 237
72.67 492 228
36LH15 36 36
42.67 1092 877
43.67 1067 837
44.67 1043 800
45.67 1020 765
46.67 999 733
47.67 978 703
48.67 958 674
49.67 938 647
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65.67 656 342
66.67 637 327
67.67 618 312
68.67 600 299
69.67 583 286
70.67 567 274
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72.67 536 252
40LH15 40 36
47.67 1009 810
48.67 988 777
49.67 968 746
50.67 949 717
51.67 931 690
52.67 913 664
53.67 896 639
54.67 880 616
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73.67 583 302
74.67 567 290
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80.67 486 230
44LH15 44 36
52.67 892 716
53.67 876 690
54.67 860 665
55.67 844 641
56.67 829 619
57.67 815 597
58.67 801 577
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86.67 466 227
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48LH15 48 36
56.67 785 640
57.67 772 618
58.67 759 597
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60.67 734 558
61.67 722 540
62.67 710 523
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90.67 448 228
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92.67 430 214
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95.67 405 195
96.67 397 189
68DLH13 68 37
80.67 434 389
81.67 429 380
82.67 423 370
83.67 418 362
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86.67 404 337
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130.67 252 138
131.67 248 135
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134.67 237 127
135.67 234 124
136.67 231 121
52DLH14 52 39
61.67 736 584
62.67 724 565
63.67 713 547
64.67 702 531
65.67 691 515
66.67 681 499
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100.67 405 194
101.67 397 189
102.67 390 184
103.67 382 178
104.67 375 173
56DLH14 56 39
66.67 663 534
67.67 653 519
68.67 644 504
69.67 634 489
70.67 625 476
71.67 617 462
72.67 608 450
73.67 600 438
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60DLH14 60 40
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64DLH14 64 40
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68DLH14 68 40
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72DLH14 72 41
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40LH16 40 42
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44LH16 44 42
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48LH16 48 42
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52DLH15 52 42
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56DLH15 56 42
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60DLH15 60 43
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64DLH15 64 43
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68DLH15 68 44
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72DLH15 72 44
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52DLH16 52 45
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56DLH16 56 46
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60DLH16 60 46
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64DLH16 64 46
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44LH17 44 47
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48LH17 48 47
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68DLH16 68 49
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72DLH16 72 50
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56DLH17 56 51
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xxSJxx 0 0.0 0.0
9999 0 0

steelDesign.jst2
E
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13 479 363
14 412 289
15 358 234
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18 246 134
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12K1 12 5.0
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8K1 8 5.1
8 550 550
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11 532 377
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14K1 14 5.2
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17 395 324
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25 180 100
26 166 88
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16K2 16 5.5
16 550 550
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14K3 14 6.0
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42 206 115
43 196 107
44 187 100
45 179 93
46 171 87
47 164 82
48 157 77
26K5 26 9.8
26 542 535
27 502 477
28 466 427
29 434 384
30 405 346
31 379 314
32 356 285
33 334 259
34 315 237
35 297 217
36 280 199
37 265 183
38 251 169
39 238 156
40 227 145
41 215 134
42 205 125
43 196 116
44 187 108
45 179 101
46 171 95
47 164 89
48 157 83
49 150 78
50 144 73
51 139 69
52 133 65
16K9 16 10.0
16 550 550
17 550 526
18 550 490
19 550 455
20 550 426
21 550 406
22 550 385
23 550 363
24 550 346
25 514 311
26 474 276
27 439 246
28 408 220
29 380 198
30 355 178
31 332 161
32 311 147
18LH02 18 10
21.67 554 439
22.67 529 401
23.67 507 368
24.67 486 339
25.67 468 313
26.67 442 284
27.67 418 259
28.67 391 234
29.67 367 212
30.67 345 193
31.67 324 175
32.67 306 160
33.67 289 147
34.67 273 135
35.67 259 124
36.67 245 114
20LH02 20 10
22.67 499 392
23.67 477 360
24.67 458 331
25.67 442 306
26.67 437 303
27.67 431 298
28.67 410 274
29.67 388 250
30.67 365 228
31.67 344 208
32.67 325 190
33.67 307 174
34.67 291 160
35.67 275 147
36.67 262 136
37.67 249 126
38.67 237 117
39.67 225 108
40.67 215 101
24K7 24 10.1
24 550 544
25 550 520
26 550 499
27 550 479
28 521 436
29 485 392
30 453 353
31 424 320
32 397 290
33 373 265
34 351 242
35 331 221
36 313 203
37 296 187
38 281 172
39 266 159
40 253 148
41 241 137
42 229 127
43 219 118
44 209 110
45 199 103
46 191 97
47 183 90
48 175 85
18K9 18 10.2
18 550 550
19 550 523
20 550 490
21 550 460
22 550 438
23 550 418
24 550 396
25 550 377
26 538 354
27 498 315
28 463 282
29 431 254
30 402 229
31 376 207
32 353 188
33 332 171
34 312 156
35 294 143
36 278 132
26K6 26 10.6
26 550 541
27 547 519
28 508 464
29 473 417
30 441 377
31 413 341
32 387 309
33 364 282
34 343 257
35 323 236
36 305 216
37 289 199
38 274 184
39 260 170
40 247 157
41 235 146
42 224 136
43 213 126
44 204 118
45 194 110
46 186 103
47 178 96
48 171 90
49 164 85
50 157 80
51 151 75
52 145 71
20K9 20 10.8
20 550 550
21 550 520
22 550 490
23 550 468
24 550 448
25 550 426
26 550 405
27 550 389
28 517 353
29 482 317
30 450 286
31 421 259
32 395 235
33 371 214
34 349 195
35 329 179
36 311 164
37 294 151
38 279 139
39 265 129
40 251 119
26K7 26 10.9
26 550 541
27 550 522
28 550 501
29 527 463
30 492 417
31 460 378
32 432 343
33 406 312
34 382 285
35 360 261
36 340 240
37 322 221
38 305 204
39 289 188
40 275 174
41 262 162
42 249 150
43 238 140
44 227 131
45 217 122
46 207 114
47 199 107
48 190 100
49 183 94
50 175 89
51 168 83
52 162 79
18LH03 18 11
21.67 614 488
22.67 587 446
23.67 562 409
24.67 539 377
25.67 521 348
26.67 493 317
27.67 467 289
28.67 438 262
29.67 409 236
30.67 382 213
31.67 359 194
32.67 337 177
33.67 317 161
34.67 299 148
35.67 283 136
36.67 267 124
20LH03 20 11
22.67 529 432
23.67 507 396
24.67 486 365
25.67 469 337
26.67 463 333
27.67 458 317
28.67 452 302
29.67 434 280
30.67 414 258
31.67 395 238
32.67 372 218
33.67 352 200
34.67 333 184
35.67 316 169
36.67 299 156
37.67 283 143
38.67 269 133
39.67 255 123
40.67 243 114
24LH03 24 11
28.67 401 324
29.67 388 303
30.67 375 283
31.67 363 266
32.67 352 250
33.67 342 235
34.67 339 226
35.67 336 218
36.67 323 204
37.67 307 188
38.67 293 175
39.67 279 162
40.67 267 152
41.67 255 141
42.67 244 132
43.67 234 124
44.67 224 116
45.67 215 109
46.67 207 102
47.67 199 96
48.67 191 90
22K9 22 11.3
22 550 548
23 550 518
24 550 495
25 550 474
26 550 454
27 550 432
28 550 413
29 532 387
30 497 349
31 465 316
32 436 287
33 410 261
34 386 239
35 364 219
36 344 201
37 325 185
38 308 170
39 292 157
40 278 146
41 264 135
42 252 126
43 240 117
44 229 109
28K6 28 11.4
28 548 541
29 511 486
30 477 439
31 446 397
32 418 361
33 393 329
34 370 300
35 349 275
36 330 252
37 312 232
38 296 214
39 280 198
40 266 183
41 253 170
42 241 158
43 230 147
44 220 137
45 210 128
46 201 120
47 192 112
48 184 105
49 177 99
50 170 93
51 163 88
52 157 83
53 151 78
54 145 74
55 140 70
56 135 66
24K8 24 11.5
24 550 544
25 550 520
26 550 499
27 550 479
28 550 456
29 536 429
30 500 387
31 468 350
32 439 318
33 413 289
34 388 264
35 366 242
36 346 222
37 327 205
38 310 189
39 294 174
40 280 161
41 266 150
42 253 139
43 242 130
44 231 121
45 220 113
46 211 106
47 202 99
48 194 93
18K10 18 11.7
18 550 550
19 550 523
20 550 490
21 550 460
22 550 438
23 550 418
24 550 396
25 550 377
26 550 361
27 550 347
28 548 331
29 511 298
30 477 269
31 446 243
32 418 221
33 393 201
34 370 184
35 349 168
36 330 154
28K7 28 11.8
28 550 543
29 550 522
30 531 486
31 497 440
32 466 400
33 438 364
34 412 333
35 389 305
36 367 280
37 348 257
38 329 237
39 313 219
40 297 203
41 283 189
42 269 175
43 257 163
44 245 152
45 234 142
46 224 133
47 214 125
48 206 117
49 197 110
50 189 103
51 182 97
52 175 92
53 168 87
54 162 82
55 156 77
56 151 73
24K9 24 12.0
24 550 544
25 550 520
26 550 499
27 550 479
28 550 456
29 550 436
30 544 419
31 510 379
32 478 344
33 449 313
34 423 286
35 399 262
36 377 241
37 356 222
38 338 204
39 320 189
40 304 175
41 290 162
42 276 151
43 263 140
44 251 131
45 240 122
46 230 114
47 220 107
48 211 101
18LH04 18 12
21.67 715 566
22.67 684 517
23.67 655 474
24.67 628 436
25.67 605 403
26.67 571 367
27.67 535 329
28.67 500 296
29.67 469 266
30.67 440 242
31.67 413 219
32.67 388 200
33.67 365 182
34.67 344 167
35.67 325 153
36.67 308 141
20LH04 20 12
22.67 649 549
23.67 621 503
24.67 596 463
25.67 574 428
26.67 566 406
27.67 558 386
28.67 528 352
29.67 496 320
30.67 467 291
31.67 440 265
32.67 416 243
33.67 393 223
34.67 372 205
35.67 353 189
36.67 335 174
37.67 318 161
38.67 303 149
39.67 289 139
40.67 275 129
24LH04 24 12
28.67 492 397
29.67 475 371
30.67 460 347
31.67 445 326
32.67 432 306
33.67 419 288
34.67 398 265
35.67 379 246
36.67 360 227
37.67 343 210
38.67 327 195
39.67 312 182
40.67 298 169
41.67 285 158
42.67 273 148
43.67 262 138
44.67 251 130
45.67 241 122
46.67 231 114
47.67 222 107
48.67 214 101
26K8 26 12.1
26 550 541
27 550 522
28 550 501
29 550 479
30 544 457
31 509 413
32 477 375
33 448 342
34 422 312
35 398 286
36 376 263
37 356 242
38 337 223
39 320 206
40 304 191
41 289 177
42 275 164
43 263 153
44 251 143
45 240 133
46 229 125
47 219 117
48 210 110
49 202 103
50 194 97
51 186 91
52 179 86
20K10 20 12.2
20 550 550
21 550 520
22 550 490
23 550 468
24 550 448
25 550 426
26 550 405
27 550 389
28 550 375
29 550 359
30 533 336
31 499 304
32 468 276
33 440 251
34 414 229
35 390 210
36 369 193
37 349 178
38 331 164
39 314 151
40 298 140
26K9 26 12.2
26 550 541
27 550 522
28 550 501
29 550 479
30 550 459
31 550 444
32 519 407
33 488 370
34 459 338
35 433 310
36 409 284
37 387 262
38 367 241
39 348 223
40 331 207
41 315 192
42 300 178
43 286 166
44 273 155
45 261 145
46 250 135
47 239 127
48 229 119
49 220 112
50 211 105
51 203 99
52 195 93
30K7 30 12.3
30 550 543
31 534 508
32 501 461
33 471 420
34 443 384
35 418 351
36 395 323
37 373 297
38 354 274
39 336 253
40 319 234
41 303 217
42 289 202
43 276 188
44 263 176
45 251 164
46 241 153
47 230 144
48 221 135
49 212 127
50 203 119
51 195 112
52 188 106
53 181 100
54 174 94
55 168 89
56 162 84
57 156 80
58 151 76
59 146 72
60 141 69
22K10 22 12.6
22 550 548
23 550 518
24 550 495
25 550 474
26 550 454
27 550 432
28 550 413
29 550 399
30 550 385
31 550 369
32 517 337
33 486 307
34 458 280
35 432 257
36 408 236
37 386 217
38 366 200
39 347 185
40 330 171
41 314 159
42 299 148
43 285 138
44 272 128
28K8 28 12.7
28 550 543
29 550 522
30 550 500
31 550 480
32 515 438
33 484 399
34 456 364
35 430 333
36 406 306
37 384 282
38 364 260
39 346 240
40 328 222
41 312 206
42 297 192
43 284 179
44 271 167
45 259 156
46 248 146
47 237 136
48 227 128
49 218 120
50 209 113
51 201 106
52 193 100
53 186 95
54 179 89
55 173 85
56 166 80
28K9 28 13.0
28 550 543
29 550 522
30 550 500
31 550 480
32 549 463
33 527 432
34 496 395
35 468 361
36 442 332
37 418 305
38 396 282
39 376 260
40 357 241
41 340 224
42 324 208
43 309 194
44 295 181
45 282 169
46 270 158
47 258 148
48 247 139
49 237 130
50 228 123
51 219 115
52 210 109
53 203 103
54 195 97
55 188 92
56 181 87
24LH05 24 13
28.67 527 425
29.67 509 397
30.67 492 371
31.67 477 348
32.67 462 327
33.67 449 308
34.67 446 297
35.67 440 285
36.67 419 264
37.67 399 244
38.67 380 226
39.67 363 210
40.67 347 196
41.67 331 182
42.67 317 171
43.67 304 160
44.67 291 150
45.67 280 141
46.67 269 132
47.67 258 124
48.67 248 117
28LH05 28 13
33.67 416 335
34.67 404 316
35.67 393 299
36.67 382 283
37.67 372 268
38.67 362 254
39.67 353 242
40.67 344 230
41.67 337 219
42.67 323 205
43.67 310 192
44.67 297 180
45.67 286 169
46.67 275 159
47.67 265 150
48.67 255 142
49.67 245 133
50.67 237 126
51.67 228 119
52.67 220 113
53.67 213 107
54.67 206 102
55.67 199 97
56.67 193 92
24K10 24 13.1
24 550 544
25 550 520
26 550 499
27 550 479
28 550 456
29 550 436
30 550 422
31 550 410
32 549 393
33 532 368
34 502 337
35 473 308
36 447 283
37 423 260
38 401 240
39 380 222
40 361 206
41 344 191
42 327 177
43 312 165
44 298 154
45 285 144
46 272 135
47 261 126
48 250 118
30K8 30 13.2
30 550 543
31 550 520
32 549 500
33 520 460
34 490 420
35 462 384
36 436 353
37 413 325
38 391 300
39 371 277
40 353 256
41 335 238
42 320 221
43 305 206
44 291 192
45 278 179
46 266 168
47 255 157
48 244 148
49 234 139
50 225 130
51 216 123
52 208 116
53 200 109
54 192 103
55 185 98
56 179 92
57 173 88
58 167 83
59 161 79
60 156 75
30K9 30 13.4
30 550 543
31 550 520
32 549 500
33 532 468
34 516 441
35 501 415
36 475 383
37 449 352
38 426 325
39 404 300
40 384 278
41 365 258
42 348 240
43 332 223
44 317 208
45 303 195
46 290 182
47 277 171
48 266 160
49 255 150
50 245 141
51 235 133
52 226 126
53 218 119
54 209 112
55 202 106
56 195 100
57 188 95
58 181 90
59 175 86
60 169 81
22K11 22 13.8
22 550 548
23 550 518
24 550 495
25 550 474
26 550 454
27 550 432
28 550 413
29 550 399
30 550 385
31 550 369
32 549 355
33 532 334
34 516 314
35 494 292
36 467 269
37 442 247
38 419 228
39 397 211
40 377 195
41 359 181
42 342 168
43 326 157
44 311 146
26K10 26 13.8
26 550 541
27 550 522
28 550 501
29 550 479
30 550 459
31 550 444
32 549 431
33 532 404
34 516 378
35 501 356
36 486 334
37 460 308
38 436 284
39 413 262
40 393 243
41 374 225
42 356 210
43 339 195
44 324 182
45 310 170
46 296 159
47 284 149
48 272 140
49 261 131
50 250 124
51 241 116
52 231 110
20LH05 20 14
22.67 697 589
23.67 668 540
24.67 641 497
25.67 616 459
26.67 609 437
27.67 602 416
28.67 595 395
29.67 571 366
30.67 544 337
31.67 513 308
32.67 484 281
33.67 458 258
34.67 434 238
35.67 411 219
36.67 390 202
37.67 371 187
38.67 353 173
39.67 336 161
40.67 321 150
32LH06 32 14
38.67 432 348
39.67 421 331
40.67 411 315
41.67 401 300
42.67 391 286
43.67 382 273
44.67 374 261
45.67 366 250
46.67 358 239
47.67 350 229
48.67 343 220
49.67 338 211
50.67 326 199
51.67 315 189
52.67 304 179
53.67 294 169
54.67 284 161
55.67 275 153
56.67 266 145
57.67 257 138
58.67 249 131
59.67 242 125
60.67 234 119
61.67 227 114
62.67 220 108
63.67 214 104
64.67 208 99
28K10 28 14.3
28 550 543
29 550 522
30 550 500
31 550 480
32 549 463
33 532 435
34 516 410
35 501 389
36 487 366
37 474 344
38 461 325
39 447 306
40 424 284
41 404 263
42 384 245
43 367 228
44 350 212
45 334 198
46 320 186
47 306 174
48 294 163
49 282 153
50 270 144
51 260 136
52 250 128
53 240 121
54 232 114
55 223 108
56 215 102
30K10 30 15.0
30 550 543
31 550 520
32 549 500
33 532 468
34 516 441
35 501 415
36 487 392
37 474 374
38 461 353
39 449 333
40 438 315
41 427 300
42 413 282
43 394 263
44 376 245
45 359 229
46 344 214
47 329 201
48 315 188
49 303 177
50 291 166
51 279 157
52 268 148
53 258 140
54 249 132
55 240 125
56 231 118
57 223 112
58 215 106
59 208 101
60 201 96
18LH05 18 15
21.67 808 637
22.67 772 582
23.67 739 534
24.67 709 492
25.67 684 454
26.67 648 414
27.67 614 378
28.67 581 345
29.67 543 311
30.67 508 282
31.67 476 256
32.67 448 233
33.67 421 212
34.67 397 195
35.67 375 179
36.67 355 164
18LH06 18 15
21.67 955 738
22.67 913 674
23.67 875 619
24.67 839 570
25.67 809 526
26.67 749 469
27.67 696 419
28.67 648 377
29.67 605 340
30.67 566 307
31.67 531 280
32.67 499 254
33.67 470 232
34.67 443 212
35.67 418 195
36.67 396 180
20LH06 20 15
22.67 931 777
23.67 892 713
24.67 855 656
25.67 822 606
26.67 791 561
27.67 763 521
28.67 723 477
29.67 679 427
30.67 635 386
31.67 596 351
32.67 560 320
33.67 527 292
34.67 497 267
35.67 469 246
36.67 444 226
37.67 421 209
38.67 399 192
39.67 379 178
40.67 361 165
24K12 24 16.0
24 550 544
25 550 520
26 550 499
27 550 479
28 550 456
29 550 436
30 550 422
31 550 410
32 549 393
33 532 368
34 516 344
35 501 324
36 487 306
37 474 290
38 461 275
39 449 261
40 438 247
41 427 235
42 417 224
43 406 213
44 387 199
45 370 185
46 354 174
47 339 163
48 325 153
24LH06 24 16
28.67 708 567
29.67 684 529
30.67 662 495
31.67 641 465
32.67 621 437
33.67 604 411
34.67 579 382
35.67 555 356
36.67 530 331
37.67 504 306
38.67 480 284
39.67 457 263
40.67 437 245
41.67 417 228
42.67 399 211
43.67 381 197
44.67 364 184
45.67 348 172
46.67 334 161
47.67 320 152
48.67 307 142
28LH06 28 16
33.67 552 443
34.67 537 417
35.67 521 394
36.67 507 373
37.67 494 354
38.67 481 336
39.67 469 319
40.67 457 303
41.67 448 289
42.67 429 270
43.67 412 253
44.67 395 238
45.67 379 223
46.67 364 209
47.67 350 197
48.67 337 186
49.67 324 175
50.67 313 166
51.67 301 156
52.67 291 148
53.67 281 140
54.67 271 133
55.67 262 126
56.67 253 120
32LH07 32 16
38.67 486 388
39.67 474 368
40.67 462 351
41.67 451 334
42.67 441 318
43.67 431 304
44.67 421 291
45.67 412 278
46.67 403 266
47.67 394 255
48.67 386 245
49.67 379 235
50.67 366 223
51.67 353 211
52.67 341 200
53.67 329 189
54.67 318 179
55.67 308 170
56.67 298 162
57.67 288 154
58.67 279 146
59.67 271 140
60.67 262 133
61.67 254 127
62.67 247 121
63.67 240 116
64.67 233 111
36LH07 36 16
42.67 394 323
43.67 385 309
44.67 376 295
45.67 368 282
46.67 360 270
47.67 352 259
48.67 345 249
49.67 338 239
50.67 332 229
51.67 325 220
52.67 319 212
53.67 313 204
54.67 307 197
55.67 302 190
56.67 296 183
57.67 292 177
58.67 283 168
59.67 274 160
60.67 266 153
61.67 258 146
62.67 251 140
63.67 244 134
64.67 237 128
65.67 230 122
66.67 224 117
67.67 218 112
68.67 212 107
69.67 207 103
70.67 201 99
71.67 196 95
72.67 191 91
40LH08 40 16
47.67 348 285
48.67 341 273
49.67 334 262
50.67 328 252
51.67 321 242
52.67 315 233
53.67 309 225
54.67 304 216
55.67 298 209
56.67 293 201
57.67 288 195
58.67 283 188
59.67 278 182
60.67 274 176
61.67 269 170
62.67 265 165
63.67 261 160
64.67 257 155
65.67 254 150
66.67 247 144
67.67 241 138
68.67 234 132
69.67 228 127
70.67 222 122
71.67 217 117
72.67 211 112
73.67 206 108
74.67 201 104
75.67 196 100
76.67 192 97
77.67 187 93
78.67 183 90
79.67 178 86
80.67 174 83
30K11 30 16.4
30 550 543
31 550 520
32 549 500
33 532 468
34 516 441
35 501 415
36 487 392
37 474 374
38 461 353
39 449 333
40 438 315
41 427 300
42 417 284
43 407 270
44 398 258
45 389 246
46 380 236
47 372 226
48 362 215
49 347 202
50 333 190
51 320 179
52 308 169
53 296 159
54 285 150
55 275 142
56 265 135
57 256 128
58 247 121
59 239 115
60 231 109
26K12 26 16.6
26 550 541
27 550 522
28 550 501
29 550 479
30 550 459
31 550 444
32 549 431
33 532 404
34 516 378
35 501 356
36 487 334
37 474 315
38 461 299
39 449 283
40 438 269
41 427 256
42 417 244
43 407 232
44 398 222
45 389 212
46 380 203
47 369 192
48 353 180
49 339 169
50 325 159
51 313 150
52 301 142
18LH07 18 17
21.67 992 776
22.67 949 709
23.67 908 650
24.67 872 599
25.67 840 553
26.67 809 513
27.67 780 476
28.67 726 428
29.67 678 386
30.67 635 349
31.67 595 317
32.67 559 288
33.67 526 264
34.67 496 241
35.67 469 222
36.67 444 204
20LH07 20 17
22.67 993 830
23.67 951 761
24.67 912 701
25.67 878 647
26.67 845 599
27.67 814 556
28.67 786 518
29.67 760 484
30.67 711 438
31.67 667 398
32.67 627 362
33.67 590 331
34.67 556 303
35.67 526 278
36.67 497 256
37.67 471 236
38.67 447 218
39.67 425 202
40.67 404 187
24LH07 24 17
28.67 778 623
29.67 752 582
30.67 727 545
31.67 704 511
32.67 683 480
33.67 665 452
34.67 638 421
35.67 613 393
36.67 588 367
37.67 565 343
38.67 541 320
39.67 516 297
40.67 491 276
41.67 468 257
42.67 446 239
43.67 426 223
44.67 407 208
45.67 389 195
46.67 373 182
47.67 357 171
48.67 343 161
28LH07 28 17
33.67 624 499
34.67 606 471
35.67 589 445
36.67 573 421
37.67 558 399
38.67 543 379
39.67 529 360
40.67 516 342
41.67 505 326
42.67 484 305
43.67 464 285
44.67 445 267
45.67 427 251
46.67 410 236
47.67 394 222
48.67 379 209
49.67 365 197
50.67 352 186
51.67 339 176
52.67 327 166
53.67 316 158
54.67 305 150
55.67 295 142
56.67 285 135
32LH08 32 17
38.67 528 421
39.67 514 400
40.67 502 380
41.67 490 362
42.67 478 346
43.67 467 330
44.67 457 315
45.67 447 302
46.67 437 289
47.67 428 277
48.67 419 266
49.67 411 255
50.67 397 242
51.67 383 229
52.67 369 216
53.67 357 205
54.67 345 194
55.67 333 184
56.67 322 175
57.67 312 167
58.67 302 159
59.67 293 151
60.67 284 144
61.67 275 137
62.67 267 131
63.67 259 125
64.67 252 120
28K12 28 17.1
28 550 543
29 550 522
30 550 500
31 550 480
32 549 463
33 532 435
34 516 410
35 501 389
36 487 366
37 474 344
38 461 325
39 449 308
40 438 291
41 427 277
42 417 264
43 407 252
44 398 240
45 389 229
46 380 219
47 372 210
48 365 201
49 357 193
50 350 185
51 338 175
52 325 165
53 313 156
54 301 147
55 290 139
56 280 132
30K12 30 17.6
30 550 543
31 550 520
32 549 500
33 532 468
34 516 441
35 501 415
36 487 392
37 474 374
38 461 353
39 449 333
40 438 315
41 427 300
42 417 284
43 407 270
44 398 258
45 389 246
46 380 236
47 372 226
48 365 216
49 357 207
50 350 199
51 343 192
52 336 184
53 330 177
54 324 170
55 312 161
56 301 153
57 290 145
58 280 137
59 271 130
60 262 124
24LH08 24 18
28.67 830 662
29.67 802 618
30.67 776 579
31.67 752 543
32.67 729 510
33.67 707 480
34.67 677 447
35.67 649 416
36.67 622 388
37.67 597 362
38.67 572 338
39.67 545 314
40.67 520 292
41.67 497 272
42.67 475 254
43.67 455 238
44.67 435 222
45.67 417 208
46.67 400 196
47.67 384 184
48.67 369 173
28LH08 28 18
33.67 668 533
34.67 649 503
35.67 631 475
36.67 614 449
37.67 597 426
38.67 582 404
39.67 567 384
40.67 553 365
41.67 540 348
42.67 517 325
43.67 496 305
44.67 475 285
45.67 456 268
46.67 438 252
47.67 420 236
48.67 403 222
49.67 387 209
50.67 371 196
51.67 357 185
52.67 344 175
53.67 331 165
54.67 319 156
55.67 308 148
56.67 297 140
36LH08 36 18
42.67 434 354
43.67 424 338
44.67 414 323
45.67 405 309
46.67 396 296
47.67 388 284
48.67 380 272
49.67 372 262
50.67 365 251
51.67 358 242
52.67 351 233
53.67 345 224
54.67 338 216
55.67 332 208
56.67 326 201
57.67 321 194
58.67 311 185
59.67 302 176
60.67 293 168
61.67 284 160
62.67 276 153
63.67 268 146
64.67 260 140
65.67 253 134
66.67 246 128
67.67 239 123
68.67 233 118
69.67 227 113
70.67 221 109
71.67 215 104
72.67 209 100
18LH08 18 19
21.67 1034 810
22.67 988 740
23.67 946 679
24.67 908 625
25.67 876 577
26.67 843 534
27.67 812 496
28.67 784 462
29.67 758 427
30.67 717 387
31.67 680 351
32.67 641 320
33.67 604 292
34.67 571 267
35.67 540 246
36.67 512 226
20LH08 20 19
22.67 1024 858
23.67 980 787
24.67 941 724
25.67 908 669
26.67 873 619
27.67 842 575
28.67 813 536
29.67 785 500
30.67 760 468
31.67 722 428
32.67 687 395
33.67 654 365
34.67 621 336
35.67 588 309
36.67 558 285
37.67 530 262
38.67 503 242
39.67 479 225
40.67 457 209
44LH09 44 19
52.67 380 309
53.67 373 298
54.67 366 287
55.67 359 277
56.67 353 267
57.67 347 258
58.67 341 249
59.67 335 241
60.67 330 233
61.67 324 225
62.67 319 218
63.67 314 212
64.67 309 205
65.67 305 199
66.67 300 193
67.67 296 187
68.67 291 182
69.67 287 177
70.67 283 172
71.67 279 167
72.67 275 162
73.67 272 158
74.67 265 152
75.67 259 146
76.67 253 141
77.67 247 136
78.67 242 131
79.67 236 127
80.67 231 122
81.67 226 118
82.67 221 114
83.67 216 110
84.67 211 106
85.67 207 103
86.67 202 99
87.67 198 96
88.67 194 93
18LH09 18 21
21.67 1108 864
22.67 1059 790
23.67 1014 725
24.67 973 667
25.67 936 616
26.67 901 571
27.67 868 527
28.67 838 491
29.67 810 458
30.67 783 418
31.67 759 380
32.67 713 346
33.67 671 316
34.67 633 289
35.67 598 266
36.67 566 245
20LH09 20 21
22.67 1121 935
23.67 1073 857
24.67 1030 789
25.67 990 729
26.67 953 675
27.67 918 626
28.67 886 581
29.67 856 542
30.67 828 507
31.67 802 475
32.67 778 436
33.67 755 399
34.67 712 366
35.67 673 336
36.67 636 309
37.67 603 285
38.67 572 264
39.67 544 244
40.67 517 227
24LH09 24 21
28.67 977 775
29.67 944 724
30.67 913 677
31.67 884 635
32.67 857 597
33.67 832 562
34.67 808 530
35.67 785 501
36.67 764 460
37.67 731 424
38.67 696 393
39.67 663 363
40.67 632 337
41.67 602 313
42.67 574 292
43.67 548 272
44.67 524 254
45.67 501 238
46.67 480 223
47.67 460 209
48.67 441 196
28LH09 28 21
33.67 823 656
34.67 799 618
35.67 777 584
36.67 755 553
37.67 735 524
38.67 716 497
39.67 698 472
40.67 681 449
41.67 667 428
42.67 639 400
43.67 612 375
44.67 586 351
45.67 563 329
46.67 540 309
47.67 519 291
48.67 499 274
49.67 481 258
50.67 463 243
51.67 446 228
52.67 430 216
53.67 415 204
54.67 401 193
55.67 387 183
56.67 374 173
32LH09 32 21
38.67 662 526
39.67 645 500
40.67 630 476
41.67 614 453
42.67 600 432
43.67 586 413
44.67 573 394
45.67 561 377
46.67 549 361
47.67 537 346
48.67 526 332
49.67 516 319
50.67 498 302
51.67 480 285
52.67 463 270
53.67 447 256
54.67 432 243
55.67 418 230
56.67 404 219
57.67 391 208
58.67 379 198
59.67 367 189
60.67 356 180
61.67 345 172
62.67 335 164
63.67 325 157
64.67 315 149
32LH10 32 21
38.67 732 581
39.67 713 552
40.67 696 525
41.67 679 500
42.67 663 477
43.67 648 455
44.67 634 435
45.67 620 416
46.67 606 399
47.67 594 382
48.67 582 367
49.67 571 352
50.67 550 332
51.67 531 315
52.67 512 297
53.67 495 282
54.67 478 267
55.67 462 254
56.67 445 240
57.67 430 228
58.67 416 217
59.67 402 206
60.67 389 196
61.67 376 186
62.67 364 178
63.67 353 169
64.67 342 162
36LH09 36 21
42.67 555 451
43.67 543 431
44.67 531 412
45.67 519 394
46.67 508 377
47.67 497 362
48.67 487 347
49.67 477 333
50.67 468 320
51.67 459 308
52.67 450 296
53.67 442 285
54.67 434 275
55.67 426 265
56.67 418 256
57.67 411 247
58.67 398 235
59.67 386 224
60.67 374 214
61.67 363 204
62.67 352 195
63.67 342 186
64.67 333 179
65.67 323 171
66.67 314 163
67.67 306 157
68.67 297 150
69.67 289 144
70.67 282 138
71.67 275 133
72.67 267 127
36LH10 36 21
42.67 612 499
43.67 598 476
44.67 584 455
45.67 572 435
46.67 559 417
47.67 548 400
48.67 536 383
49.67 525 368
50.67 515 354
51.67 505 340
52.67 496 327
53.67 486 315
54.67 477 304
55.67 469 293
56.67 461 283
57.67 454 273
58.67 440 260
59.67 426 248
60.67 413 236
61.67 401 225
62.67 389 215
63.67 378 206
64.67 367 197
65.67 357 188
66.67 347 180
67.67 338 173
68.67 328 165
69.67 320 159
70.67 311 152
71.67 303 146
72.67 295 140
40LH09 40 21
47.67 457 372
48.67 448 357
49.67 439 343
50.67 430 329
51.67 422 317
52.67 414 305
53.67 406 293
54.67 399 283
55.67 392 273
56.67 385 263
57.67 378 254
58.67 372 246
59.67 365 237
60.67 359 230
61.67 354 222
62.67 348 215
63.67 342 209
64.67 337 202
65.67 332 196
66.67 323 188
67.67 315 180
68.67 306 173
69.67 298 166
70.67 291 160
71.67 283 153
72.67 276 147
73.67 269 141
74.67 263 136
75.67 256 131
76.67 250 126
77.67 244 122
78.67 239 118
79.67 233 113
80.67 228 109
40LH10 40 21
47.67 503 410
48.67 493 393
49.67 483 378
50.67 474 363
51.67 465 349
52.67 456 336
53.67 447 323
54.67 439 312
55.67 431 301
56.67 424 290
57.67 416 280
58.67 409 271
59.67 402 262
60.67 396 253
61.67 389 245
62.67 383 237
63.67 377 230
64.67 371 223
65.67 367 216
66.67 357 207
67.67 347 198
68.67 338 190
69.67 329 183
70.67 321 176
71.67 313 169
72.67 305 162
73.67 297 156
74.67 290 150
75.67 283 144
76.67 276 139
77.67 269 134
78.67 262 129
79.67 255 124
80.67 249 119
44LH10 44 21
52.67 420 340
53.67 412 328
54.67 404 316
55.67 397 305
56.67 390 294
57.67 383 284
58.67 377 274
59.67 370 265
60.67 364 257
61.67 358 248
62.67 353 240
63.67 347 233
64.67 342 226
65.67 337 219
66.67 331 212
67.67 327 206
68.67 322 200
69.67 317 195
70.67 313 189
71.67 308 184
72.67 304 179
73.67 300 174
74.67 293 168
75.67 286 162
76.67 279 155
77.67 272 150
78.67 266 144
79.67 260 139
80.67 254 134
81.67 249 130
82.67 243 125
83.67 238 121
84.67 233 117
85.67 228 113
86.67 223 110
87.67 218 106
88.67 214 103
48LH10 48 21
56.67 353 293
57.67 347 283
58.67 341 273
59.67 335 264
60.67 330 256
61.67 324 247
62.67 319 239
63.67 314 232
64.67 309 225
65.67 305 218
66.67 300 212
67.67 296 205
68.67 291 199
69.67 287 194
70.67 283 188
71.67 279 183
72.67 275 178
73.67 271 173
74.67 268 169
75.67 264 164
76.67 261 160
77.67 258 156
78.67 254 152
79.67 251 148
80.67 248 145
81.67 246 141
82.67 241 136
83.67 236 132
84.67 231 127
85.67 226 123
86.67 221 119
87.67 217 116
88.67 212 112
89.67 208 108
90.67 204 105
91.67 200 102
92.67 196 99
93.67 192 96
94.67 188 93
95.67 185 90
96.67 181 87
40LH11 40 22
47.67 550 444
48.67 538 426
49.67 528 409
50.67 517 393
51.67 507 378
52.67 497 364
53.67 488 350
54.67 479 338
55.67 471 326
56.67 462 314
57.67 454 303
58.67 447 293
59.67 439 283
60.67 432 274
61.67 425 265
62.67 418 257
63.67 412 249
64.67 405 241
65.67 399 234
66.67 388 224
67.67 378 215
68.67 368 207
69.67 358 198
70.67 349 190
71.67 340 183
72.67 332 176
73.67 323 169
74.67 315 163
75.67 308 157
76.67 300 151
77.67 293 145
78.67 286 140
79.67 279 135
80.67 273 130
44LH11 44 22
52.67 454 368
53.67 445 354
54.67 437 341
55.67 429 329
56.67 422 318
57.67 414 307
58.67 407 296
59.67 401 287
60.67 394 277
61.67 388 268
62.67 381 260
63.67 375 252
64.67 370 244
65.67 364 237
66.67 358 230
67.67 353 223
68.67 348 216
69.67 343 210
70.67 338 204
71.67 333 199
72.67 329 193
73.67 325 188
74.67 317 181
75.67 310 175
76.67 302 168
77.67 295 162
78.67 289 157
79.67 282 151
80.67 276 146
81.67 269 140
82.67 264 136
83.67 258 131
84.67 252 127
85.67 247 123
86.67 242 119
87.67 236 115
88.67 232 111
48LH11 48 22
56.67 383 316
57.67 376 305
58.67 370 295
59.67 364 285
60.67 358 275
61.67 352 267
62.67 346 258
63.67 341 250
64.67 336 242
65.67 330 235
66.67 325 228
67.67 321 221
68.67 316 215
69.67 311 209
70.67 307 203
71.67 303 197
72.67 299 192
73.67 295 187
74.67 291 182
75.67 287 177
76.67 283 172
77.67 279 168
78.67 276 164
79.67 272 160
80.67 269 156
81.67 266 152
82.67 260 147
83.67 255 142
84.67 249 137
85.67 244 133
86.67 239 129
87.67 234 125
88.67 229 120
89.67 225 117
90.67 220 113
91.67 216 110
92.67 212 106
93.67 208 103
94.67 204 100
95.67 200 97
96.67 196 94
20LH10 20 23
22.67 1209 1008
23.67 1158 924
24.67 1111 851
25.67 1068 786
26.67 1028 724
27.67 991 673
28.67 956 626
29.67 924 585
30.67 894 545
31.67 865 510
32.67 839 479
33.67 814 448
34.67 791 411
35.67 748 377
36.67 707 346
37.67 670 320
38.67 636 296
39.67 604 274
40.67 575 254
24LH10 24 23
28.67 1033 822
29.67 998 768
30.67 965 718
31.67 935 674
32.67 906 633
33.67 882 596
34.67 856 559
35.67 832 528
36.67 809 500
37.67 788 474
38.67 768 439
39.67 737 406
40.67 702 378
41.67 668 351
42.67 637 326
43.67 608 304
44.67 582 285
45.67 556 266
46.67 533 249
47.67 511 234
48.67 490 220
28LH10 28 23
33.67 900 714
34.67 874 673
35.67 850 636
36.67 826 602
37.67 804 570
38.67 784 541
39.67 764 514
40.67 745 489
41.67 729 466
42.67 704 439
43.67 679 414
44.67 651 388
45.67 625 364
46.67 600 342
47.67 576 322
48.67 554 303
49.67 533 285
50.67 513 269
51.67 495 255
52.67 477 241
53.67 460 228
54.67 444 215
55.67 429 204
56.67 415 193
36LH11 36 23
42.67 668 543
43.67 653 518
44.67 638 495
45.67 624 474
46.67 611 454
47.67 598 435
48.67 586 417
49.67 574 400
50.67 562 385
51.67 552 370
52.67 541 356
53.67 531 343
54.67 521 330
55.67 512 319
56.67 503 308
57.67 495 297
58.67 480 283
59.67 465 269
60.67 451 257
61.67 438 246
62.67 425 234
63.67 412 224
64.67 401 214
65.67 389 205
66.67 378 196
67.67 368 188
68.67 358 180
69.67 348 173
70.67 339 166
71.67 330 159
72.67 322 153
32LH11 32 24
38.67 802 635
39.67 782 604
40.67 762 574
41.67 744 547
42.67 727 522
43.67 710 498
44.67 694 476
45.67 679 455
46.67 664 436
47.67 650 418
48.67 637 401
49.67 625 385
50.67 602 363
51.67 580 343
52.67 560 325
53.67 541 308
54.67 522 292
55.67 505 277
56.67 488 263
57.67 473 251
58.67 458 239
59.67 443 227
60.67 429 216
61.67 416 206
62.67 403 196
63.67 390 187
64.67 378 179
24LH11 24 25
28.67 1088 861
29.67 1052 804
30.67 1017 752
31.67 985 705
32.67 955 663
33.67 927 624
34.67 900 588
35.67 875 555
36.67 851 525
37.67 829 498
38.67 807 472
39.67 787 449
40.67 768 418
41.67 734 388
42.67 701 361
43.67 671 337
44.67 642 315
45.67 616 294
46.67 590 276
47.67 567 259
48.67 544 243
28LH11 28 25
33.67 965 763
34.67 937 719
35.67 911 680
36.67 886 643
37.67 863 609
38.67 841 578
39.67 819 549
40.67 799 523
41.67 780 498
42.67 762 475
43.67 736 448
44.67 711 423
45.67 682 397
46.67 655 373
47.67 629 351
48.67 605 331
49.67 582 312
50.67 561 294
51.67 540 278
52.67 521 263
53.67 502 249
54.67 485 236
55.67 468 223
56.67 453 212
36LH12 36 25
42.67 799 647
43.67 781 617
44.67 763 590
45.67 747 564
46.67 731 541
47.67 715 518
48.67 701 497
49.67 687 477
50.67 673 459
51.67 660 441
52.67 647 424
53.67 635 409
54.67 624 394
55.67 613 380
56.67 602 367
57.67 593 354
58.67 575 338
59.67 557 322
60.67 540 307
61.67 523 292
62.67 508 279
63.67 493 267
64.67 478 255
65.67 464 243
66.67 450 232
67.67 437 222
68.67 424 213
69.67 412 204
70.67 400 195
71.67 389 187
72.67 378 179
40LH12 40 25
47.67 669 541
48.67 655 519
49.67 642 498
50.67 630 479
51.67 617 460
52.67 606 443
53.67 594 427
54.67 584 411
55.67 573 397
56.67 563 383
57.67 553 370
58.67 544 357
59.67 535 345
60.67 526 334
61.67 517 323
62.67 509 313
63.67 501 303
64.67 493 294
65.67 486 285
66.67 472 273
67.67 459 261
68.67 447 251
69.67 435 241
70.67 424 231
71.67 413 222
72.67 402 213
73.67 392 205
74.67 382 197
75.67 373 189
76.67 364 182
77.67 355 176
78.67 346 169
79.67 338 163
80.67 330 157
44LH12 44 25
52.67 562 454
53.67 552 437
54.67 541 421
55.67 532 406
56.67 522 392
57.67 513 379
58.67 505 366
59.67 496 354
60.67 488 342
61.67 480 331
62.67 472 321
63.67 465 311
64.67 458 301
65.67 451 292
66.67 444 283
67.67 437 275
68.67 431 267
69.67 425 259
70.67 419 252
71.67 413 245
72.67 407 238
73.67 402 232
74.67 393 224
75.67 383 215
76.67 374 207
77.67 365 200
78.67 356 192
79.67 347 185
80.67 339 179
81.67 331 172
82.67 323 166
83.67 315 160
84.67 308 155
85.67 300 149
86.67 293 144
87.67 287 139
88.67 280 134
48LH12 48 25
56.67 484 397
57.67 475 383
58.67 467 370
59.67 459 358
60.67 452 346
61.67 444 335
62.67 437 324
63.67 430 314
64.67 424 305
65.67 417 295
66.67 411 287
67.67 405 278
68.67 399 270
69.67 393 262
70.67 388 255
71.67 382 248
72.67 377 241
73.67 372 235
74.67 367 228
75.67 362 222
76.67 357 217
77.67 353 211
78.67 348 206
79.67 344 201
80.67 340 196
81.67 336 191
82.67 329 185
83.67 322 179
84.67 315 173
85.67 308 167
86.67 301 161
87.67 295 156
88.67 289 151
89.67 283 147
90.67 277 142
91.67 272 138
92.67 266 133
93.67 261 129
94.67 256 126
95.67 251 122
96.67 246 118
52DLH10 52 25
61.67 433 362
62.67 426 350
63.67 419 339
64.67 413 329
65.67 407 319
66.67 400 309
67.67 395 300
68.67 389 292
69.67 383 283
70.67 378 275
71.67 373 268
72.67 367 260
73.67 362 253
74.67 358 247
75.67 353 240
76.67 348 234
77.67 344 228
78.67 339 222
79.67 335 217
80.67 331 211
81.67 327 206
82.67 323 201
83.67 319 196
84.67 315 192
85.67 312 187
86.67 308 183
87.67 305 179
88.67 301 175
89.67 298 171
90.67 291 165
91.67 285 159
92.67 279 154
93.67 273 150
94.67 267 145
95.67 261 140
96.67 256 136
97.67 251 132
98.67 246 128
99.67 241 124
100.67 236 120
101.67 231 116
102.67 227 114
103.67 223 110
104.67 218 107
52DLH11 52 26
61.67 475 395
62.67 468 383
63.67 460 371
64.67 453 360
65.67 446 349
66.67 439 338
67.67 433 328
68.67 427 319
69.67 421 310
70.67 415 301
71.67 409 293
72.67 403 285
73.67 398 277
74.67 392 270
75.67 387 263
76.67 382 256
77.67 377 249
78.67 372 243
79.67 368 237
80.67 363 231
81.67 359 225
82.67 354 220
83.67 350 215
84.67 346 210
85.67 342 205
86.67 338 200
87.67 334 196
88.67 330 191
89.67 327 187
90.67 320 181
91.67 313 174
92.67 306 169
93.67 299 164
94.67 293 158
95.67 287 153
96.67 281 149
97.67 275 144
98.67 270 140
99.67 264 135
100.67 259 132
101.67 254 128
102.67 249 124
103.67 244 120
104.67 240 117
56DLH11 56 26
66.67 421 363
67.67 415 352
68.67 409 342
69.67 403 332
70.67 398 323
71.67 392 314
72.67 387 305
73.67 381 297
74.67 376 289
75.67 371 282
76.67 367 274
77.67 362 267
78.67 357 260
79.67 353 254
80.67 348 248
81.67 344 242
82.67 340 236
83.67 336 230
84.67 332 225
85.67 328 220
86.67 324 215
87.67 321 210
88.67 317 205
89.67 313 201
90.67 310 196
91.67 307 192
92.67 303 188
93.67 300 184
94.67 297 180
95.67 294 176
96.67 291 173
97.67 288 169
98.67 283 163
99.67 277 158
100.67 272 153
101.67 267 149
102.67 262 145
103.67 257 140
104.67 253 136
105.67 248 133
106.67 244 129
107.67 239 125
108.67 235 122
109.67 231 118
110.67 227 115
111.67 223 113
112.67 219 110
28LH12 28 27
33.67 1060 835
34.67 1030 787
35.67 1001 744
36.67 974 704
37.67 948 667
38.67 923 633
39.67 900 601
40.67 878 572
41.67 857 545
42.67 837 520
43.67 818 496
44.67 800 476
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46.67 766 435
47.67 737 408
48.67 709 383
49.67 682 361
50.67 656 340
51.67 632 321
52.67 609 303
53.67 587 285
54.67 566 270
55.67 546 256
56.67 527 243
32LH12 32 27
38.67 941 742
39.67 918 705
40.67 895 671
41.67 874 639
42.67 853 610
43.67 834 582
44.67 815 556
45.67 797 532
46.67 780 510
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50.67 712 428
51.67 688 406
52.67 664 384
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56.67 578 311
57.67 559 295
58.67 541 281
59.67 524 267
60.67 508 255
61.67 492 243
62.67 477 232
63.67 463 221
64.67 449 211
48LH13 48 29
56.67 579 474
57.67 569 457
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59.67 550 427
60.67 541 413
61.67 532 400
62.67 523 387
63.67 515 375
64.67 507 364
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89.67 338 175
90.67 332 170
91.67 325 164
92.67 318 159
93.67 312 154
94.67 306 150
95.67 300 145
96.67 294 141
52DLH12 52 29
61.67 530 431
62.67 522 418
63.67 514 405
64.67 506 392
65.67 498 380
66.67 490 369
67.67 483 358
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97.67 307 158
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99.67 295 149
100.67 289 144
101.67 284 140
102.67 278 135
103.67 273 132
104.67 268 128
60DLH12 60 29
70.67 440 376
71.67 434 365
72.67 428 355
73.67 422 346
74.67 417 336
75.67 411 328
76.67 406 319
77.67 400 311
78.67 395 303
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90.67 343 228
91.67 339 223
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95.67 325 205
96.67 322 201
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100.67 309 185
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113.67 256 134
114.67 252 131
115.67 248 128
116.67 244 124
117.67 240 121
118.67 236 118
119.67 232 115
120.67 228 113
28LH13 28 30
33.67 1105 872
34.67 1073 822
35.67 1043 777
36.67 1015 735
37.67 988 696
38.67 962 661
39.67 938 628
40.67 915 597
41.67 895 569
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44.67 835 495
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48.67 766 415
49.67 751 396
50.67 722 373
51.67 694 352
52.67 668 332
53.67 643 314
54.67 620 297
55.67 598 281
56.67 577 266
32LH13 32 30
38.67 1050 825
39.67 1024 784
40.67 998 746
41.67 974 710
42.67 952 678
43.67 930 647
44.67 909 618
45.67 889 591
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55.67 690 376
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57.67 643 336
58.67 621 319
59.67 600 304
60.67 581 288
61.67 562 275
62.67 544 262
63.67 527 249
64.67 511 238
36LH13 36 30
42.67 940 758
43.67 918 724
44.67 898 692
45.67 878 662
46.67 859 634
47.67 841 607
48.67 824 583
49.67 807 559
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60.67 634 359
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62.67 596 327
63.67 579 312
64.67 562 298
65.67 546 285
66.67 531 273
67.67 516 262
68.67 502 251
69.67 488 240
70.67 475 231
71.67 463 222
72.67 451 213
40LH13 40 30
47.67 789 634
48.67 773 608
49.67 757 584
50.67 742 561
51.67 728 540
52.67 714 519
53.67 701 500
54.67 688 482
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72.67 475 250
73.67 463 241
74.67 451 231
75.67 440 223
76.67 429 214
77.67 419 207
78.67 409 199
79.67 399 192
80.67 390 185
44LH13 44 30
52.67 666 538
53.67 654 518
54.67 642 499
55.67 631 482
56.67 619 465
57.67 609 449
58.67 598 434
59.67 588 419
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80.67 404 212
81.67 395 205
82.67 386 198
83.67 377 191
84.67 369 185
85.67 361 179
86.67 353 173
87.67 346 167
88.67 338 161
56DLH12 56 30
66.67 484 395
67.67 477 383
68.67 470 372
69.67 464 362
70.67 457 351
71.67 451 342
72.67 444 332
73.67 438 323
74.67 433 315
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93.67 345 200
94.67 341 196
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104.67 289 150
105.67 284 145
106.67 278 141
107.67 273 137
108.67 268 133
109.67 263 130
110.67 259 126
111.67 254 123
112.67 249 119
44LH14 44 31
52.67 767 616
53.67 753 594
54.67 739 572
55.67 726 552
56.67 713 532
57.67 701 514
58.67 689 497
59.67 677 480
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63.67 635 422
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86.67 396 193
87.67 387 187
88.67 379 181
64DLH12 64 31
75.67 396 345
76.67 391 336
77.67 386 328
78.67 381 319
79.67 377 311
80.67 372 304
81.67 367 296
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121.67 231 125
122.67 228 122
123.67 224 119
124.67 221 116
125.67 218 114
126.67 214 111
127.67 211 109
128.67 208 106
48LH14 48 32
56.67 683 559
57.67 671 539
58.67 660 521
59.67 649 504
60.67 638 487
61.67 628 472
62.67 618 457
63.67 608 443
64.67 598 429
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67.67 572 392
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89.67 399 206
90.67 390 199
91.67 383 193
92.67 375 187
93.67 367 181
94.67 360 176
95.67 353 171
96.67 346 165
32LH14 32 33
38.67 1081 850
39.67 1054 807
40.67 1028 768
41.67 1003 732
42.67 980 698
43.67 957 666
44.67 936 637
45.67 915 609
46.67 896 583
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56.67 713 374
57.67 688 355
58.67 665 337
59.67 643 321
60.67 622 304
61.67 602 290
62.67 583 276
63.67 564 264
64.67 547 251
52DLH13 52 34
61.67 644 522
62.67 634 506
63.67 624 490
64.67 614 475
65.67 605 461
66.67 595 447
67.67 587 434
68.67 578 421
69.67 570 409
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97.67 373 191
98.67 366 185
99.67 358 180
100.67 351 174
101.67 344 170
102.67 338 164
103.67 331 159
104.67 325 155
56DLH13 56 34
66.67 586 479
67.67 578 465
68.67 569 451
69.67 561 438
70.67 553 426
71.67 546 414
72.67 538 403
73.67 531 392
74.67 524 382
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100.67 379 204
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102.67 365 191
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105.67 344 175
106.67 338 171
107.67 331 166
108.67 325 161
109.67 319 157
110.67 314 152
111.67 308 149
112.67 303 145
64DLH13 64 34
75.67 481 420
76.67 475 409
77.67 469 398
78.67 463 388
79.67 457 379
80.67 451 369
81.67 446 360
82.67 440 352
83.67 435 343
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122.67 277 148
123.67 273 144
124.67 269 141
125.67 264 137
126.67 260 134
127.67 257 131
128.67 253 128
32LH15 32 35
38.67 1117 878
39.67 1089 834
40.67 1062 794
41.67 1037 756
42.67 1012 721
43.67 989 688
44.67 967 658
45.67 946 629
46.67 926 603
47.67 906 578
48.67 888 554
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57.67 750 393
58.67 725 374
59.67 701 355
60.67 678 338
61.67 656 322
62.67 635 306
63.67 616 292
64.67 597 279
40LH14 40 35
47.67 902 727
48.67 884 697
49.67 866 670
50.67 849 643
51.67 832 619
52.67 816 595
53.67 801 573
54.67 787 553
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73.67 528 273
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76.67 490 243
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80.67 444 209
60DLH13 60 35
70.67 535 454
71.67 527 441
72.67 520 429
73.67 513 418
74.67 506 407
75.67 500 396
76.67 493 386
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78.67 481 366
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113.67 311 163
114.67 306 158
115.67 301 154
116.67 296 151
117.67 291 147
118.67 286 143
119.67 282 139
120.67 277 135
36LH14 36 36
42.67 1036 833
43.67 1012 795
44.67 990 760
45.67 968 727
46.67 947 696
47.67 927 667
48.67 908 640
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65.67 602 309
66.67 584 295
67.67 567 283
68.67 551 270
69.67 535 259
70.67 520 247
71.67 505 237
72.67 492 228
36LH15 36 36
42.67 1092 877
43.67 1067 837
44.67 1043 800
45.67 1020 765
46.67 999 733
47.67 978 703
48.67 958 674
49.67 938 647
50.67 920 622
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65.67 656 342
66.67 637 327
67.67 618 312
68.67 600 299
69.67 583 286
70.67 567 274
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72.67 536 252
40LH15 40 36
47.67 1009 810
48.67 988 777
49.67 968 746
50.67 949 717
51.67 931 690
52.67 913 664
53.67 896 639
54.67 880 616
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73.67 583 302
74.67 567 290
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80.67 486 230
44LH15 44 36
52.67 892 716
53.67 876 690
54.67 860 665
55.67 844 641
56.67 829 619
57.67 815 597
58.67 801 577
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84.67 488 243
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86.67 466 227
87.67 455 219
88.67 445 211
48LH15 48 36
56.67 785 640
57.67 772 618
58.67 759 597
59.67 746 577
60.67 734 558
61.67 722 540
62.67 710 523
63.67 699 507
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90.67 448 228
91.67 439 221
92.67 430 214
93.67 422 208
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95.67 405 195
96.67 397 189
68DLH13 68 37
80.67 434 389
81.67 429 380
82.67 423 370
83.67 418 362
84.67 413 353
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86.67 404 337
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134.67 237 127
135.67 234 124
136.67 231 121
52DLH14 52 39
61.67 736 584
62.67 724 565
63.67 713 547
64.67 702 531
65.67 691 515
66.67 681 499
67.67 671 485
68.67 661 471
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100.67 405 194
101.67 397 189
102.67 390 184
103.67 382 178
104.67 375 173
56DLH14 56 39
66.67 663 534
67.67 653 519
68.67 644 504
69.67 634 489
70.67 625 476
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60DLH14 60 40
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64DLH14 64 40
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68DLH14 68 40
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72DLH14 72 41
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40LH16 40 42
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44LH16 44 42
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48LH16 48 42
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52DLH15 52 42
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56DLH15 56 42
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60DLH15 60 43
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64DLH15 64 43
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68DLH15 68 44
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72DLH15 72 44
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52DLH16 52 45
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56DLH16 56 46
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60DLH16 60 46
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64DLH16 64 46
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44LH17 44 47
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48LH17 48 47
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68DLH16 68 49
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72DLH16 72 50
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56DLH17 56 51
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xxSJxx 0 0.0 0.0
9999 0 0

steelDesign.lca

steelDesign.lod

steelDesign.log
TRUE – CreateProcess: Program: RamModeler Model: C:\ProgramData\Bentley\Engineering\RAM?Structural?System\Data\\Working\steelDesign
Open working file C:\Users\Mohammed\Desktop\steelDesign.rss
At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 12:29:02 AM
Model opened.
At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 12:47:54 AM
Unique IDs are valid:

At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 12:47:55 AM
————————————
TRUE – CreateProcess: Program: RamModeler Model: C:\ProgramData\Bentley\Engineering\RAM?Structural?System\Data\Working\steelDesign
Updated Story Floor Indices
Reorder Floor Types
Open working file C:\Users\Mohammed\Desktop\steelDesign.rss
At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 12:53:04 AM
Model opened.
At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 12:57:44 AM
Unique IDs are valid:

At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 12:57:45 AM
————————————
TRUE – CreateProcess: Program: RamModeler Model: C:\ProgramData\Bentley\Engineering\RAM?Structural?System\Data\Working\steelDesign
Saved File
At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 12:57:48 AM
Open working file C:\Users\Mohammed\Desktop\steelDesign.rss
At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 01:00:12 AM
Model opened.
At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 01:12:37 AM
Unique IDs are valid:

At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 01:12:38 AM
————————————
TRUE – CreateProcess: Program: RamModeler Model: C:\ProgramData\Bentley\Engineering\RAM?Structural?System\Data\Working\steelDesign
Updated Story Floor Indices
Reorder Floor Types
Updated Story Floor Indices
Reorder Floor Types
Updated Story Floor Indices
Reorder Floor Types
Mgr. return re-open model: C:\ProgramData\Bentley\Engineering\RAM Structural System\Data\Working\steelDesign.ram
At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 01:20:47 AM
Unique IDs are valid:

At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 01:22:34 AM
————————————
Saved File
At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 01:22:34 AM
Mgr. return re-open model: C:\ProgramData\Bentley\Engineering\RAM Structural System\Data\Working\steelDesign.ram
At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 01:25:14 AM
Unique IDs are valid:

At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 01:25:30 AM
————————————
Mgr. return re-open model: C:\ProgramData\Bentley\Engineering\RAM Structural System\Data\Working\steelDesign.ram
At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 01:25:30 AM
Unique IDs are valid:

At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 01:26:57 AM
————————————
Mgr. return re-open model: C:\ProgramData\Bentley\Engineering\RAM Structural System\Data\Working\steelDesign.ram
At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 01:26:57 AM
Unique IDs are valid:

At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 01:33:00 AM
————————————
Mgr. return re-open model: C:\ProgramData\Bentley\Engineering\RAM Structural System\Data\Working\steelDesign.ram
At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 01:33:00 AM
Unique IDs are valid:

At: Tuesday, November 26, 2013 01:34:35 AM
————————————

steelDesign.lpt

steelDesign.mds

steelDesign.mfd

steelDesign.ndp

steelDesign.nlp

steelDesign.opn

steelDesign.pen

steelDesign.pol

steelDesign.ram
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steelDesign.sbcel2
E
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steelDesign.sdc

steelDesign.sec

steelDesign.snw

steelDesign.sty

steelDesign.tab
E
I
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W36X925 R 43.1 3.02 18.6 4.53 0.0 0.0 5.48 0.0 272 72900 3390 0.0 4130 4940 530 862 1450 1830000
W36X853 R 43.1 2.52 18.2 4.53 0.0 0.0 5.48 0.0 251 69900 3250 0.0 3920 4600 504 805 1250 1700000
W36X802 R 42.6 2.38 18.0 4.29 0.0 0.0 5.24 0.0 236 64800 3040 0.0 3660 4210 467 744 1060 1540000
W36X723 R 41.8 2.17 17.8 3.90 0.0 0.0 4.85 0.0 213 57300 2740 0.0 3270 3700 415 659 795 1330000
W36X652 R 41.1 1.97 17.6 3.54 0.0 0.0 4.49 0.0 192 50600 2460 0.0 2910 3230 367 581 593 1130000
W36X529 R 39.8 1.61 17.2 2.91 0.0 0.0 3.86 0.0 156 39600 1990 0.0 2330 2490 289 454 327 846000
W36X487 R 39.3 1.50 17.1 2.68 0.0 0.0 3.63 0.0 143 36000 1830 0.0 2130 2250 263 412 258 754000
W36X441 R 38.9 1.36 17.0 2.44 0.0 0.0 3.39 0.0 130 32100 1650 0.0 1910 1990 235 368 194 661000
W36X395 R 38.4 1.22 16.8 2.20 0.0 0.0 3.15 0.0 116 28500 1490 0.0 1710 1750 208 325 142 575000
W36X361 R 38.0 1.12 16.7 2.01 0.0 0.0 2.96 0.0 106 25700 1350 0.0 1550 1570 188 293 109 509000
W36X330 R 37.7 1.02 16.6 1.85 0.0 0.0 2.80 0.0 97.0 23300 1240 0.0 1410 1420 171 265 84.3 456000
W36X302 R 37.3 0.945 16.7 1.68 0.0 0.0 2.63 0.0 88.8 21100 1130 0.0 1280 1300 156 241 64.3 412000
W36X282 R 37.1 0.885 16.6 1.57 0.0 0.0 2.52 0.0 82.9 19600 1050 0.0 1190 1200 144 223 52.7 378000
W36X262 R 36.9 0.840 16.6 1.44 0.0 0.0 2.39 0.0 77.0 17900 972 0.0 1100 1090 132 204 41.6 342000
W36X247 R 36.7 0.800 16.5 1.35 0.0 0.0 2.30 0.0 72.5 16700 913 0.0 1030 1010 123 190 34.7 316000
W36X231 R 36.5 0.760 16.5 1.26 0.0 0.0 2.21 0.0 68.1 15600 854 0.0 963 940 114 176 28.7 292000
W36X256 R 37.4 0.960 12.2 1.73 0.0 0.0 2.48 0.0 75.4 16800 895 0.0 1040 528 86.5 137 52.9 168000
W36X232 R 37.1 0.870 12.1 1.57 0.0 0.0 2.32 0.0 68.1 15000 809 0.0 936 468 77.2 122 39.6 148000
W36X210 R 36.7 0.830 12.2 1.36 0.0 0.0 2.11 0.0 61.8 13200 719 0.0 833 411 67.5 107 28.0 128000
W36X194 R 36.5 0.765 12.1 1.26 0.0 0.0 2.01 0.0 57.0 12100 664 0.0 767 375 61.9 97.7 22.2 116000
W36X182 R 36.3 0.725 12.1 1.18 0.0 0.0 1.93 0.0 53.6 11300 623 0.0 718 347 57.6 90.7 18.5 107000
W36X170 R 36.2 0.680 12.0 1.10 0.0 0.0 1.85 0.0 50.1 10500 581 0.0 668 320 53.2 83.8 15.1 98500
W36X160 R 36.0 0.650 12.0 1.02 0.0 0.0 1.77 0.0 47.0 9760 542 0.0 624 295 49.1 77.3 12.4 90200
W36X150 R 35.9 0.625 12.0 0.940 0.0 0.0 1.69 0.0 44.2 9040 504 0.0 581 270 45.1 70.9 10.1 82200
W36X135 R 35.6 0.600 12.0 0.790 0.0 0.0 1.54 0.0 39.7 7800 439 0.0 509 225 37.7 59.7 7.00 68100
W33X387 R 36.0 1.26 16.2 2.28 0.0 0.0 3.07 0.0 114 24300 1350 0.0 1560 1620 200 312 148 459000
W33X354 R 35.6 1.16 16.1 2.09 0.0 0.0 2.88 0.0 104 22000 1240 0.0 1420 1460 181 282 115 408000
W33X318 R 35.2 1.04 16.0 1.89 0.0 0.0 2.68 0.0 93.6 19500 1110 0.0 1270 1290 161 250 84.4 357000
W33X291 R 34.8 0.960 15.9 1.73 0.0 0.0 2.52 0.0 85.7 17700 1020 0.0 1160 1160 146 226 65.1 319000
W33X263 R 34.5 0.870 15.8 1.57 0.0 0.0 2.36 0.0 77.5 15900 919 0.0 1040 1040 131 202 48.7 281000
W33X241 R 34.2 0.830 15.9 1.40 0.0 0.0 2.19 0.0 71.0 14200 831 0.0 940 933 118 182 36.2 251000
W33X221 R 33.9 0.775 15.8 1.28 0.0 0.0 2.06 0.0 65.2 12900 759 0.0 857 840 106 164 27.8 224000
W33X201 R 33.7 0.715 15.7 1.15 0.0 0.0 1.94 0.0 59.2 11600 686 0.0 773 749 95.2 147 20.8 198000
W33X169 R 33.8 0.670 11.5 1.22 0.0 0.0 1.92 0.0 49.5 9290 549 0.0 629 310 53.9 84.4 17.7 82400
W33X152 R 33.5 0.635 11.6 1.06 0.0 0.0 1.76 0.0 44.8 8160 487 0.0 559 273 47.2 73.9 12.4 71700
W33X141 R 33.3 0.605 11.5 0.960 0.0 0.0 1.66 0.0 41.6 7450 448 0.0 514 246 42.7 66.9 9.70 64400
W33X130 R 33.1 0.580 11.5 0.855 0.0 0.0 1.56 0.0 38.3 6710 406 0.0 467 218 37.9 59.5 7.37 56600
W33X118 R 32.9 0.550 11.5 0.740 0.0 0.0 1.44 0.0 34.7 5900 359 0.0 415 187 32.6 51.3 5.30 48300
W30X391 R 33.2 1.36 15.6 2.44 0.0 0.0 3.23 0.0 115 20700 1250 0.0 1450 1550 198 310 173 366000
W30X357 R 32.8 1.24 15.5 2.24 0.0 0.0 3.03 0.0 105 18700 1140 0.0 1320 1390 179 279 134 324000
W30X326 R 32.4 1.14 15.4 2.05 0.0 0.0 2.84 0.0 95.8 16800 1040 0.0 1190 1240 162 252 103 287000
W30X292 R 32.0 1.02 15.3 1.85 0.0 0.0 2.64 0.0 85.9 14900 930 0.0 1060 1100 144 223 75.2 250000
W30X261 R 31.6 0.930 15.2 1.65 0.0 0.0 2.44 0.0 76.9 13100 829 0.0 943 959 127 196 54.1 215000
W30X235 R 31.3 0.830 15.1 1.50 0.0 0.0 2.29 0.0 69.2 11700 748 0.0 847 855 114 175 40.3 190000
W30X211 R 30.9 0.775 15.1 1.32 0.0 0.0 2.10 0.0 62.2 10300 665 0.0 751 757 100 155 28.4 166000
W30X191 R 30.7 0.710 15.0 1.19 0.0 0.0 1.97 0.0 56.3 9200 600 0.0 675 673 89.5 138 21.0 146000
W30X173 R 30.4 0.655 15.0 1.07 0.0 0.0 1.85 0.0 51.0 8230 541 0.0 607 598 79.8 123 15.6 129000
W30X148 R 30.7 0.650 10.5 1.18 0.0 0.0 1.83 0.0 43.5 6680 436 0.0 500 227 43.3 68.0 14.5 49400
W30X132 R 30.3 0.615 10.5 1.00 0.0 0.0 1.65 0.0 38.9 5770 380 0.0 437 196 37.2 58.4 9.72 42100
W30X124 R 30.2 0.585 10.5 0.930 0.0 0.0 1.58 0.0 36.5 5360 355 0.0 408 181 34.4 54.0 7.99 38600
W30X116 R 30.0 0.565 10.5 0.850 0.0 0.0 1.50 0.0 34.2 4930 329 0.0 378 164 31.3 49.2 6.43 34900
W30X108 R 29.8 0.545 10.5 0.760 0.0 0.0 1.41 0.0 31.7 4470 299 0.0 346 146 27.9 43.9 4.99 30900
W30X99 R 29.7 0.520 10.5 0.670 0.0 0.0 1.32 0.0 29.1 3990 269 0.0 312 128 24.5 38.6 3.77 26800
W30X90 R 29.5 0.470 10.4 0.610 0.0 0.0 1.26 0.0 26.4 3610 245 0.0 283 115 22.1 34.7 2.84 24000
W27X539 R 32.5 1.97 15.3 3.54 0.0 0.0 4.33 0.0 159 25600 1570 0.0 1890 2110 277 437 496 443000
W27X368 R 30.4 1.38 14.7 2.48 0.0 0.0 3.27 0.0 108 16200 1060 0.0 1240 1310 179 279 170 255000
W27X336 R 30.0 1.26 14.6 2.28 0.0 0.0 3.07 0.0 98.9 14600 972 0.0 1130 1180 162 252 131 226000
W27X307 R 29.6 1.16 14.4 2.09 0.0 0.0 2.88 0.0 90.4 13100 887 0.0 1030 1050 146 227 101 199000
W27X281 R 29.3 1.06 14.4 1.93 0.0 0.0 2.72 0.0 82.9 11900 814 0.0 936 953 133 206 79.5 178000
W27X258 R 29.0 0.980 14.3 1.77 0.0 0.0 2.56 0.0 76.0 10800 745 0.0 852 859 120 187 61.6 159000
W27X235 R 28.7 0.910 14.2 1.61 0.0 0.0 2.40 0.0 69.4 9700 677 0.0 772 769 108 168 47.0 141000
W27X217 R 28.4 0.830 14.1 1.50 0.0 0.0 2.29 0.0 64.0 8910 627 0.0 711 704 100 154 37.6 128000
W27X194 R 28.1 0.750 14.0 1.34 0.0 0.0 2.13 0.0 57.2 7860 559 0.0 631 619 88.1 136 27.1 111000
W27X178 R 27.8 0.725 14.1 1.19 0.0 0.0 1.98 0.0 52.5 7020 505 0.0 570 555 78.8 122 20.1 98400
W27X161 R 27.6 0.660 14.0 1.08 0.0 0.0 1.87 0.0 47.6 6310 458 0.0 515 497 70.9 109 15.1 87300
W27X146 R 27.4 0.605 14.0 0.975 0.0 0.0 1.76 0.0 43.1 5660 414 0.0 464 443 63.5 97.7 11.3 77200
W27X129 R 27.6 0.610 10.0 1.10 0.0 0.0 1.70 0.0 37.8 4760 345 0.0 395 184 36.8 57.6 11.1 32500
W27X114 R 27.3 0.570 10.1 0.930 0.0 0.0 1.53 0.0 33.5 4080 299 0.0 343 159 31.5 49.3 7.33 27600
W27X102 R 27.1 0.515 10.0 0.830 0.0 0.0 1.43 0.0 30.0 3620 267 0.0 305 139 27.8 43.4 5.28 24000
W27X94 R 26.9 0.490 10.0 0.745 0.0 0.0 1.34 0.0 27.7 3270 243 0.0 278 124 24.8 38.8 4.03 21300
W27X84 R 26.7 0.460 10.0 0.640 0.0 0.0 1.24 0.0 24.8 2850 213 0.0 244 106 21.2 33.2 2.81 17900
W24X370 R 28.0 1.52 13.7 2.72 0.0 0.0 3.22 0.0 109 13400 957 0.0 1130 1160 170 267 201 186000
W24X335 R 27.5 1.38 13.5 2.48 0.0 0.0 2.98 0.0 98.4 11900 864 0.0 1020 1030 152 238 152 161000
W24X306 R 27.1 1.26 13.4 2.28 0.0 0.0 2.78 0.0 89.8 10700 789 0.0 922 919 137 214 117 142000
W24X279 R 26.7 1.16 13.3 2.09 0.0 0.0 2.59 0.0 82.0 9600 718 0.0 835 823 124 193 90.5 125000
W24X250 R 26.3 1.04 13.2 1.89 0.0 0.0 2.39 0.0 73.5 8490 644 0.0 744 724 110 171 66.6 108000
W24X229 R 26.0 0.960 13.1 1.73 0.0 0.0 2.23 0.0 67.2 7650 588 0.0 675 651 99.4 154 51.3 96100
W24X207 R 25.7 0.870 13.0 1.57 0.0 0.0 2.07 0.0 60.7 6820 531 0.0 606 578 88.8 137 38.3 84100
W24X192 R 25.5 0.810 13.0 1.46 0.0 0.0 1.96 0.0 56.3 6260 491 0.0 559 530 81.8 126 30.8 76300
W24X176 R 25.2 0.750 12.9 1.34 0.0 0.0 1.84 0.0 51.7 5680 450 0.0 511 479 74.3 115 23.9 68400
W24X162 R 25.0 0.705 13.0 1.22 0.0 0.0 1.72 0.0 47.7 5170 414 0.0 468 443 68.4 105 18.5 62600
W24X146 R 24.7 0.650 12.9 1.09 0.0 0.0 1.59 0.0 43.0 4580 371 0.0 418 391 60.5 93.2 13.4 54600
W24X131 R 24.5 0.605 12.9 0.960 0.0 0.0 1.46 0.0 38.5 4020 329 0.0 370 340 53.0 81.5 9.50 47100
W24X117 R 24.3 0.550 12.8 0.850 0.0 0.0 1.35 0.0 34.4 3540 291 0.0 327 297 46.5 71.4 6.72 40800
W24X104 R 24.1 0.500 12.8 0.750 0.0 0.0 1.25 0.0 30.6 3100 258 0.0 289 259 40.7 62.4 4.72 35200
W24X103 R 24.5 0.550 9.00 0.980 0.0 0.0 1.48 0.0 30.3 3000 245 0.0 280 119 26.5 41.5 7.07 16600
W24X94 R 24.3 0.515 9.07 0.875 0.0 0.0 1.38 0.0 27.7 2700 222 0.0 254 109 24.0 37.5 5.26 15000
W24X84 R 24.1 0.470 9.02 0.770 0.0 0.0 1.27 0.0 24.7 2370 196 0.0 224 94.4 20.9 32.6 3.70 12800
W24X76 R 23.9 0.440 8.99 0.680 0.0 0.0 1.18 0.0 22.4 2100 176 0.0 200 82.5 18.4 28.6 2.68 11100
W24X68 R 23.7 0.415 8.97 0.585 0.0 0.0 1.09 0.0 20.1 1830 154 0.0 177 70.4 15.7 24.5 1.87 9430
W24X62 R 23.7 0.430 7.04 0.590 0.0 0.0 1.09 0.0 18.2 1550 131 0.0 153 34.5 9.80 15.7 1.71 4620
W24X55 R 23.6 0.395 7.01 0.505 0.0 0.0 1.01 0.0 16.2 1350 114 0.0 134 29.1 8.30 13.3 1.18 3870
W21X201 R 23.0 0.910 12.6 1.63 0.0 0.0 2.13 0.0 59.2 5310 461 0.0 530 542 86.1 133 40.9 62000
W21X182 R 22.7 0.830 12.5 1.48 0.0 0.0 1.98 0.0 53.6 4730 417 0.0 476 483 77.2 119 30.7 54400
W21X166 R 22.5 0.750 12.4 1.36 0.0 0.0 1.86 0.0 48.8 4280 380 0.0 432 435 70.0 108 23.6 48500
W21X147 R 22.1 0.720 12.5 1.15 0.0 0.0 1.65 0.0 43.2 3630 329 0.0 373 376 60.1 92.6 15.4 41100
W21X132 R 21.8 0.650 12.4 1.04 0.0 0.0 1.54 0.0 38.8 3220 295 0.0 333 333 53.5 82.3 11.3 36000
W21X122 R 21.7 0.600 12.4 0.960 0.0 0.0 1.46 0.0 35.9 2960 273 0.0 307 305 49.2 75.6 8.98 32700
W21X111 R 21.5 0.550 12.3 0.875 0.0 0.0 1.38 0.0 32.7 2670 249 0.0 279 274 44.5 68.2 6.83 29200
W21X101 R 21.4 0.500 12.3 0.800 0.0 0.0 1.30 0.0 29.8 2420 227 0.0 253 248 40.3 61.7 5.21 26200
W21X93 R 21.6 0.580 8.42 0.930 0.0 0.0 1.43 0.0 27.3 2070 192 0.0 221 92.9 22.1 34.7 6.03 9940
W21X83 R 21.4 0.515 8.36 0.835 0.0 0.0 1.34 0.0 24.3 1830 171 0.0 196 81.4 19.5 30.5 4.34 8630
W21X73 R 21.2 0.455 8.30 0.740 0.0 0.0 1.24 0.0 21.5 1600 151 0.0 172 70.6 17.0 26.6 3.02 7410
W21X68 R 21.1 0.430 8.27 0.685 0.0 0.0 1.19 0.0 20.0 1480 140 0.0 160 64.7 15.7 24.4 2.45 6760
W21X62 R 21.0 0.400 8.24 0.615 0.0 0.0 1.12 0.0 18.3 1330 127 0.0 144 57.5 14.0 21.7 1.83 5960
W21X55 R 20.8 0.375 8.22 0.522 0.0 0.0 1.02 0.0 16.2 1140 110 0.0 126 48.4 11.8 18.4 1.24 4980
W21X48 R 20.6 0.350 8.14 0.430 0.0 0.0 0.930 0.0 14.1 959 93.0 0.0 107 38.7 9.52 14.9 0.803 3950
W21X57 R 21.1 0.405 6.56 0.650 0.0 0.0 1.15 0.0 16.7 1170 111 0.0 129 30.6 9.35 14.8 1.77 3190
W21X50 R 20.8 0.380 6.53 0.535 0.0 0.0 1.04 0.0 14.7 984 94.5 0.0 110 24.9 7.64 12.2 1.14 2570
W21X44 R 20.7 0.350 6.50 0.450 0.0 0.0 0.950 0.0 13.0 843 81.6 0.0 95.4 20.7 6.37 10.2 0.770 2110
W18X311 R 22.3 1.52 12.0 2.74 0.0 0.0 3.24 0.0 91.6 6970 624 0.0 754 795 132 207 176 76200
W18X283 R 21.9 1.40 11.9 2.50 0.0 0.0 3.00 0.0 83.3 6170 565 0.0 676 704 118 185 134 65900
W18X258 R 21.5 1.28 11.8 2.30 0.0 0.0 2.70 0.0 75.9 5510 514 0.0 611 628 107 166 103 57600
W18X234 R 21.1 1.16 11.7 2.11 0.0 0.0 2.51 0.0 68.8 4900 466 0.0 549 558 95.8 149 78.7 50100
W18X211 R 20.7 1.06 11.6 1.91 0.0 0.0 2.31 0.0 62.1 4330 419 0.0 490 493 85.3 132 58.6 43400
W18X192 R 20.4 0.960 11.5 1.75 0.0 0.0 2.15 0.0 56.4 3870 380 0.0 442 440 76.8 119 44.7 38000
W18X175 R 20.0 0.890 11.4 1.59 0.0 0.0 1.99 0.0 51.3 3450 344 0.0 398 391 68.8 106 33.8 33300
W18X158 R 19.7 0.810 11.3 1.44 0.0 0.0 1.84 0.0 46.3 3060 310 0.0 356 347 61.4 94.8 25.2 29000
W18X143 R 19.5 0.730 11.2 1.32 0.0 0.0 1.72 0.0 42.1 2750 282 0.0 322 311 55.5 85.4 19.2 25700
W18X130 R 19.3 0.670 11.2 1.20 0.0 0.0 1.60 0.0 38.2 2460 256 0.0 290 278 49.9 76.7 14.5 22700
W18X119 R 19.0 0.655 11.3 1.06 0.0 0.0 1.46 0.0 35.1 2190 231 0.0 262 253 44.9 69.1 10.6 20300
W18X106 R 18.7 0.590 11.2 0.940 0.0 0.0 1.34 0.0 31.1 1910 204 0.0 230 220 39.4 60.5 7.48 17400
W18X97 R 18.6 0.535 11.1 0.870 0.0 0.0 1.27 0.0 28.5 1750 188 0.0 211 201 36.1 55.3 5.86 15800
W18X86 R 18.4 0.480 11.1 0.770 0.0 0.0 1.17 0.0 25.3 1530 166 0.0 186 175 31.6 48.4 4.10 13600
W18X76 R 18.2 0.425 11.0 0.680 0.0 0.0 1.08 0.0 22.3 1330 146 0.0 163 152 27.6 42.2 2.83 11700
W18X71 R 18.5 0.495 7.64 0.810 0.0 0.0 1.21 0.0 20.8 1170 127 0.0 146 60.3 15.8 24.7 3.49 4700
W18X65 R 18.4 0.450 7.59 0.750 0.0 0.0 1.15 0.0 19.1 1070 117 0.0 133 54.8 14.4 22.5 2.73 4240
W18X60 R 18.2 0.415 7.56 0.695 0.0 0.0 1.10 0.0 17.6 984 108 0.0 123 50.1 13.3 20.6 2.17 3850
W18X55 R 18.1 0.390 7.53 0.630 0.0 0.0 1.03 0.0 16.2 890 98.3 0.0 112 44.9 11.9 18.5 1.66 3430
W18X50 R 18.0 0.355 7.50 0.570 0.0 0.0 0.972 0.0 14.7 800 88.9 0.0 101 40.1 10.7 16.6 1.24 3040
W18X46 R 18.1 0.360 6.06 0.605 0.0 0.0 1.01 0.0 13.5 712 78.8 0.0 90.7 22.5 7.43 11.7 1.22 1720
W18X40 R 17.9 0.315 6.02 0.525 0.0 0.0 0.927 0.0 11.8 612 68.4 0.0 78.4 19.1 6.35 10.0 0.810 1440
W18X35 R 17.7 0.300 6.00 0.425 0.0 0.0 0.827 0.0 10.3 510 57.6 0.0 66.5 15.3 5.12 8.06 0.506 1140
W16X100 R 17.0 0.585 10.4 0.985 0.0 0.0 1.39 0.0 29.5 1490 175 0.0 198 186 35.7 54.9 7.73 11900
W16X89 R 16.8 0.525 10.4 0.875 0.0 0.0 1.28 0.0 26.2 1300 155 0.0 175 163 31.4 48.1 5.45 10200
W16X77 R 16.5 0.455 10.3 0.760 0.0 0.0 1.16 0.0 22.6 1110 134 0.0 150 138 26.9 41.1 3.57 8590
W16X67 R 16.3 0.395 10.2 0.665 0.0 0.0 1.07 0.0 19.7 954 117 0.0 130 119 23.2 35.5 2.39 7300
W16X57 R 16.4 0.430 7.12 0.715 0.0 0.0 1.12 0.0 16.8 758 92.2 0.0 105 43.1 12.1 18.9 2.22 2660
W16X50 R 16.3 0.380 7.07 0.630 0.0 0.0 1.03 0.0 14.7 659 81.0 0.0 92.0 37.2 10.5 16.3 1.52 2270
W16X45 R 16.1 0.345 7.04 0.565 0.0 0.0 0.967 0.0 13.3 586 72.7 0.0 82.3 32.8 9.34 14.5 1.11 1990
W16X40 R 16.0 0.305 7.00 0.505 0.0 0.0 0.907 0.0 11.8 518 64.7 0.0 73.0 28.9 8.25 12.7 0.794 1730
W16X36 R 15.9 0.295 6.99 0.430 0.0 0.0 0.832 0.0 10.6 448 56.5 0.0 64.0 24.5 7.00 10.8 0.545 1460
W16X31 R 15.9 0.275 5.53 0.440 0.0 0.0 0.842 0.0 9.13 375 47.2 0.0 54.0 12.4 4.49 7.03 0.461 739
W16X26 R 15.7 0.250 5.50 0.345 0.0 0.0 0.747 0.0 7.68 301 38.4 0.0 44.2 9.59 3.49 5.48 0.262 565
W14X873 R 23.6 3.94 18.8 5.51 0.0 0.0 6.11 0.0 257 18200 1540 0.0 2030 6170 655 1020 2270 505000
W14X808 R 22.8 3.74 18.6 5.12 0.0 0.0 5.72 0.0 238 16000 1400 0.0 1840 5550 596 930 1840 435000
W14X730 R 22.4 3.07 17.9 4.91 0.0 0.0 5.51 0.0 215 14300 1280 0.0 1660 4720 527 816 1450 362000
W14X665 R 21.6 2.83 17.7 4.52 0.0 0.0 5.12 0.0 196 12400 1150 0.0 1480 4170 472 730 1120 305000
W14X605 R 20.9 2.60 17.4 4.16 0.0 0.0 4.76 0.0 178 10800 1040 0.0 1320 3680 423 652 869 258000
W14X550 R 20.2 2.38 17.2 3.82 0.0 0.0 4.42 0.0 162 9430 931 0.0 1180 3250 378 583 669 219000
W14X500 R 19.6 2.19 17.0 3.50 0.0 0.0 4.10 0.0 147 8210 838 0.0 1050 2880 339 522 514 187000
W14X455 R 19.0 2.02 16.8 3.21 0.0 0.0 3.81 0.0 134 7190 756 0.0 936 2560 304 468 395 160000
W14X426 R 18.7 1.88 16.7 3.04 0.0 0.0 3.63 0.0 125 6600 706 0.0 869 2360 283 434 331 144000
W14X398 R 18.3 1.77 16.6 2.85 0.0 0.0 3.44 0.0 117 6000 656 0.0 801 2170 262 402 273 129000
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W14X283 R 16.7 1.29 16.1 2.07 0.0 0.0 2.67 0.0 83.3 3840 459 0.0 542 1440 179 274 104 77700
W14X257 R 16.4 1.18 16.0 1.89 0.0 0.0 2.49 0.0 75.6 3400 415 0.0 487 1290 161 246 79.1 67800
W14X233 R 16.0 1.07 15.9 1.72 0.0 0.0 2.32 0.0 68.5 3010 375 0.0 436 1150 145 221 59.5 59000
W14X211 R 15.7 0.980 15.8 1.56 0.0 0.0 2.16 0.0 62.0 2660 338 0.0 390 1030 130 198 44.6 51500
W14X193 R 15.5 0.890 15.7 1.44 0.0 0.0 2.04 0.0 56.8 2400 310 0.0 355 931 119 180 34.8 45900
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W14X159 R 15.0 0.745 15.6 1.19 0.0 0.0 1.79 0.0 46.7 1900 254 0.0 287 748 96.2 146 19.7 35600
W14X145 R 14.8 0.680 15.5 1.09 0.0 0.0 1.69 0.0 42.7 1710 232 0.0 260 677 87.3 133 15.2 31700
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W14X120 R 14.5 0.590 14.7 0.940 0.0 0.0 1.54 0.0 35.3 1380 190 0.0 212 495 67.5 102 9.37 22700
W14X109 R 14.3 0.525 14.6 0.860 0.0 0.0 1.46 0.0 32.0 1240 173 0.0 192 447 61.2 92.7 7.12 20200
W14X99 R 14.2 0.485 14.6 0.780 0.0 0.0 1.38 0.0 29.1 1110 157 0.0 173 402 55.2 83.6 5.37 18000
W14X90 R 14.0 0.440 14.5 0.710 0.0 0.0 1.31 0.0 26.5 999 143 0.0 157 362 49.9 75.6 4.06 16000
W14X82 R 14.3 0.510 10.1 0.855 0.0 0.0 1.45 0.0 24.0 881 123 0.0 139 148 29.3 44.8 5.07 6710
W14X74 R 14.2 0.450 10.1 0.785 0.0 0.0 1.38 0.0 21.8 795 112 0.0 126 134 26.6 40.5 3.87 5990
W14X68 R 14.0 0.415 10.0 0.720 0.0 0.0 1.31 0.0 20.0 722 103 0.0 115 121 24.2 36.9 3.01 5380
W14X61 R 13.9 0.375 10.0 0.645 0.0 0.0 1.24 0.0 17.9 640 92.1 0.0 102 107 21.5 32.8 2.19 4710
W14X53 R 13.9 0.370 8.06 0.660 0.0 0.0 1.25 0.0 15.6 541 77.8 0.0 87.1 57.7 14.3 22.0 1.94 2540
W14X48 R 13.8 0.340 8.03 0.595 0.0 0.0 1.19 0.0 14.1 484 70.2 0.0 78.4 51.4 12.8 19.6 1.45 2240
W14X43 R 13.7 0.305 8.00 0.530 0.0 0.0 1.12 0.0 12.6 428 62.6 0.0 69.6 45.2 11.3 17.3 1.05 1950
W14X38 R 14.1 0.310 6.77 0.515 0.0 0.0 0.915 0.0 11.2 385 54.6 0.0 61.5 26.7 7.88 12.1 0.798 1230
W14X34 R 14.0 0.285 6.75 0.455 0.0 0.0 0.855 0.0 10.0 340 48.6 0.0 54.6 23.3 6.91 10.6 0.569 1070
W14X30 R 13.8 0.270 6.73 0.385 0.0 0.0 0.785 0.0 8.85 291 42.0 0.0 47.3 19.6 5.82 8.99 0.380 887
W14X26 R 13.9 0.255 5.03 0.420 0.0 0.0 0.820 0.0 7.69 245 35.3 0.0 40.2 8.91 3.55 5.54 0.358 405
W14X22 R 13.7 0.230 5.00 0.335 0.0 0.0 0.735 0.0 6.49 199 29.0 0.0 33.2 7.00 2.80 4.39 0.208 314
W12X336 R 16.8 1.78 13.4 2.96 0.0 0.0 3.55 0.0 98.8 4060 483 0.0 603 1190 177 274 243 57000
W12X305 R 16.3 1.63 13.2 2.71 0.0 0.0 3.30 0.0 89.6 3550 435 0.0 537 1050 159 244 185 48600
W12X279 R 15.9 1.53 13.1 2.47 0.0 0.0 3.07 0.0 81.9 3110 393 0.0 481 937 143 220 143 42000
W12X252 R 15.4 1.40 13.0 2.25 0.0 0.0 2.85 0.0 74.0 2720 353 0.0 428 828 127 196 108 35800
W12X230 R 15.1 1.29 12.9 2.07 0.0 0.0 2.67 0.0 67.7 2420 321 0.0 386 742 115 177 83.8 31200
W12X210 R 14.7 1.18 12.8 1.90 0.0 0.0 2.50 0.0 61.8 2140 292 0.0 348 664 104 159 64.7 27200
W12X190 R 14.4 1.06 12.7 1.74 0.0 0.0 2.33 0.0 55.8 1890 263 0.0 311 589 93.0 143 48.8 23600
W12X170 R 14.0 0.960 12.6 1.56 0.0 0.0 2.16 0.0 50.0 1650 235 0.0 275 517 82.3 126 35.6 20100
W12X152 R 13.7 0.870 12.5 1.40 0.0 0.0 2.00 0.0 44.7 1430 209 0.0 243 454 72.8 111 25.8 17200
W12X136 R 13.4 0.790 12.4 1.25 0.0 0.0 1.85 0.0 39.9 1240 186 0.0 214 398 64.2 98.0 18.5 14700
W12X120 R 13.1 0.710 12.3 1.11 0.0 0.0 1.70 0.0 35.3 1070 163 0.0 186 345 56.0 85.4 12.9 12400
W12X106 R 12.9 0.610 12.2 0.990 0.0 0.0 1.59 0.0 31.2 933 145 0.0 164 301 49.3 75.1 9.13 10700
W12X96 R 12.7 0.550 12.2 0.900 0.0 0.0 1.50 0.0 28.2 833 131 0.0 147 270 44.4 67.5 6.85 9410
W12X87 R 12.5 0.515 12.1 0.810 0.0 0.0 1.41 0.0 25.6 740 118 0.0 132 241 39.7 60.4 5.10 8270
W12X79 R 12.4 0.470 12.1 0.735 0.0 0.0 1.33 0.0 23.2 662 107 0.0 119 216 35.8 54.3 3.84 7330
W12X72 R 12.3 0.430 12.0 0.670 0.0 0.0 1.27 0.0 21.1 597 97.4 0.0 108 195 32.4 49.2 2.93 6540
W12X65 R 12.1 0.390 12.0 0.605 0.0 0.0 1.20 0.0 19.1 533 87.9 0.0 96.8 174 29.1 44.1 2.18 5780
W12X58 R 12.2 0.360 10.0 0.640 0.0 0.0 1.24 0.0 17.0 475 78.0 0.0 86.4 107 21.4 32.5 2.10 3570
W12X53 R 12.1 0.345 10.0 0.575 0.0 0.0 1.18 0.0 15.6 425 70.6 0.0 77.9 95.8 19.2 29.1 1.58 3160
W12X50 R 12.2 0.370 8.08 0.640 0.0 0.0 1.14 0.0 14.6 391 64.2 0.0 71.9 56.3 13.9 21.3 1.71 1880
W12X45 R 12.1 0.335 8.05 0.575 0.0 0.0 1.08 0.0 13.1 348 57.7 0.0 64.2 50.0 12.4 19.0 1.26 1650
W12X40 R 11.9 0.295 8.01 0.515 0.0 0.0 1.02 0.0 11.7 307 51.5 0.0 57.0 44.1 11.0 16.8 0.906 1440
W12X35 R 12.5 0.300 6.56 0.520 0.0 0.0 0.820 0.0 10.3 285 45.6 0.0 51.2 24.5 7.47 11.5 0.741 879
W12X30 R 12.3 0.260 6.52 0.440 0.0 0.0 0.740 0.0 8.79 238 38.6 0.0 43.1 20.3 6.24 9.56 0.457 720
W12X26 R 12.2 0.230 6.49 0.380 0.0 0.0 0.680 0.0 7.65 204 33.4 0.0 37.2 17.3 5.34 8.17 0.300 607
W12X22 R 12.3 0.260 4.03 0.425 0.0 0.0 0.725 0.0 6.48 156 25.4 0.0 29.3 4.66 2.31 3.66 0.293 164
W12X19 R 12.2 0.235 4.01 0.350 0.0 0.0 0.650 0.0 5.57 130 21.3 0.0 24.7 3.76 1.88 2.98 0.180 131
W12X16 R 12.0 0.220 3.99 0.265 0.0 0.0 0.565 0.0 4.71 103 17.1 0.0 20.1 2.82 1.41 2.26 0.103 96.9
W12X14 R 11.9 0.200 3.97 0.225 0.0 0.0 0.525 0.0 4.16 88.6 14.9 0.0 17.4 2.36 1.19 1.90 0.0704 80.4
W10X112 R 11.4 0.755 10.4 1.25 0.0 0.0 1.75 0.0 32.9 716 126 0.0 147 236 45.3 69.2 15.1 6020
W10X100 R 11.1 0.680 10.3 1.12 0.0 0.0 1.62 0.0 29.4 623 112 0.0 130 207 40.0 61.0 10.9 5150
W10X88 R 10.8 0.605 10.3 0.990 0.0 0.0 1.49 0.0 25.9 534 98.5 0.0 113 179 34.8 53.1 7.53 4330
W10X77 R 10.6 0.530 10.2 0.870 0.0 0.0 1.37 0.0 22.6 455 85.9 0.0 97.6 154 30.1 45.9 5.11 3630
W10X68 R 10.4 0.470 10.1 0.770 0.0 0.0 1.27 0.0 20.0 394 75.7 0.0 85.3 134 26.4 40.1 3.56 3100
W10X60 R 10.2 0.420 10.1 0.680 0.0 0.0 1.18 0.0 17.6 341 66.7 0.0 74.6 116 23.0 35.0 2.48 2640
W10X54 R 10.1 0.370 10.0 0.615 0.0 0.0 1.12 0.0 15.8 303 60.0 0.0 66.6 103 20.6 31.3 1.82 2320
W10X49 R 10.0 0.340 10.0 0.560 0.0 0.0 1.06 0.0 14.4 272 54.6 0.0 60.4 93.4 18.7 28.3 1.39 2070
W10X45 R 10.1 0.350 8.02 0.620 0.0 0.0 1.12 0.0 13.3 248 49.1 0.0 54.9 53.4 13.3 20.3 1.51 1200
W10X39 R 9.92 0.315 7.99 0.530 0.0 0.0 1.03 0.0 11.5 209 42.1 0.0 46.8 45.0 11.3 17.2 0.976 992
W10X33 R 9.73 0.290 7.96 0.435 0.0 0.0 0.935 0.0 9.71 171 35.0 0.0 38.8 36.6 9.20 14.0 0.583 791
W10X30 R 10.5 0.300 5.81 0.510 0.0 0.0 0.810 0.0 8.84 170 32.4 0.0 36.6 16.7 5.75 8.84 0.622 414
W10X26 R 10.3 0.260 5.77 0.440 0.0 0.0 0.740 0.0 7.61 144 27.9 0.0 31.3 14.1 4.89 7.50 0.402 345
W10X22 R 10.2 0.240 5.75 0.360 0.0 0.0 0.660 0.0 6.49 118 23.2 0.0 26.0 11.4 3.97 6.10 0.239 275
W10X19 R 10.2 0.250 4.02 0.395 0.0 0.0 0.695 0.0 5.62 96.3 18.8 0.0 21.6 4.29 2.14 3.35 0.233 104
W10X17 R 10.1 0.240 4.01 0.330 0.0 0.0 0.630 0.0 4.99 81.9 16.2 0.0 18.7 3.56 1.78 2.80 0.156 85.1
W10X15 R 10.0 0.230 4.00 0.270 0.0 0.0 0.570 0.0 4.41 68.9 13.8 0.0 16.0 2.89 1.45 2.30 0.104 68.3
W10X12 R 9.87 0.190 3.96 0.210 0.0 0.0 0.510 0.0 3.54 53.8 10.9 0.0 12.6 2.18 1.10 1.74 0.0547 50.9
W8X67 R 9.00 0.570 8.28 0.935 0.0 0.0 1.33 0.0 19.7 272 60.4 0.0 70.1 88.6 21.4 32.7 5.05 1440
W8X58 R 8.75 0.510 8.22 0.810 0.0 0.0 1.20 0.0 17.1 228 52.0 0.0 59.8 75.1 18.3 27.9 3.33 1180
W8X48 R 8.50 0.400 8.11 0.685 0.0 0.0 1.08 0.0 14.1 184 43.2 0.0 49.0 60.9 15.0 22.9 1.96 931
W8X40 R 8.25 0.360 8.07 0.560 0.0 0.0 0.954 0.0 11.7 146 35.5 0.0 39.8 49.1 12.2 18.5 1.12 726
W8X35 R 8.12 0.310 8.02 0.495 0.0 0.0 0.889 0.0 10.3 127 31.2 0.0 34.7 42.6 10.6 16.1 0.769 619
W8X31 R 8.00 0.285 8.00 0.435 0.0 0.0 0.829 0.0 9.12 110 27.5 0.0 30.4 37.1 9.27 14.1 0.536 530
W8X28 R 8.06 0.285 6.54 0.465 0.0 0.0 0.859 0.0 8.24 98.0 24.3 0.0 27.2 21.7 6.63 10.1 0.537 312
W8X24 R 7.93 0.245 6.50 0.400 0.0 0.0 0.794 0.0 7.08 82.7 20.9 0.0 23.1 18.3 5.63 8.57 0.346 259
W8X21 R 8.28 0.250 5.27 0.400 0.0 0.0 0.700 0.0 6.16 75.3 18.2 0.0 20.4 9.77 3.71 5.69 0.282 152
W8X18 R 8.14 0.230 5.25 0.330 0.0 0.0 0.630 0.0 5.26 61.9 15.2 0.0 17.0 7.97 3.04 4.66 0.172 122
W8X15 R 8.11 0.245 4.01 0.315 0.0 0.0 0.615 0.0 4.44 48.0 11.8 0.0 13.6 3.41 1.70 2.67 0.137 51.8
W8X13 R 7.99 0.230 4.00 0.255 0.0 0.0 0.555 0.0 3.84 39.6 9.91 0.0 11.4 2.73 1.37 2.15 0.0871 40.8
W8X10 R 7.89 0.170 3.94 0.205 0.0 0.0 0.505 0.0 2.96 30.8 7.81 0.0 8.87 2.09 1.06 1.66 0.0426 30.9
W6X25 R 6.38 0.320 6.08 0.455 0.0 0.0 0.705 0.0 7.34 53.4 16.7 0.0 18.9 17.1 5.61 8.56 0.461 150
W6X20 R 6.20 0.260 6.02 0.365 0.0 0.0 0.615 0.0 5.87 41.4 13.4 0.0 15.0 13.3 4.41 6.72 0.240 113
W6X15 R 5.99 0.230 5.99 0.260 0.0 0.0 0.510 0.0 4.43 29.1 9.72 0.0 10.8 9.32 3.11 4.75 0.101 76.5
W6X16 R 6.28 0.260 4.03 0.405 0.0 0.0 0.655 0.0 4.74 32.1 10.2 0.0 11.7 4.43 2.20 3.39 0.223 38.2
W6X12 R 6.03 0.230 4.00 0.280 0.0 0.0 0.530 0.0 3.55 22.1 7.31 0.0 8.30 2.99 1.50 2.32 0.0903 24.7
W6X9 R 5.90 0.170 3.94 0.215 0.0 0.0 0.465 0.0 2.68 16.4 5.56 0.0 6.23 2.20 1.11 1.72 0.0405 17.7
W6X8.5 R 5.83 0.170 3.94 0.195 0.0 0.0 0.445 0.0 2.52 14.9 5.10 0.0 5.73 1.99 1.01 1.56 0.0333 15.8
W5X19 R 5.15 0.270 5.03 0.430 0.0 0.0 0.730 0.0 5.56 26.3 10.2 0.0 11.6 9.13 3.63 5.53 0.316 50.9
W5X16 R 5.01 0.240 5.00 0.360 0.0 0.0 0.660 0.0 4.71 21.4 8.55 0.0 9.63 7.51 3.00 4.58 0.192 40.6
W4X13 R 4.16 0.280 4.06 0.345 0.0 0.0 0.595 0.0 3.83 11.3 5.46 0.0 6.28 3.86 1.90 2.92 0.151 14.0
M12.5X12.4 R 12.5 0.155 3.75 0.228 0.0 0.0 0.563 0.0 3.63 89.3 14.2 0.0 16.5 2.01 1.07 1.68 0.0493 76.0
M12.5X11.6 R 12.5 0.155 3.50 0.211 0.0 0.0 0.563 0.0 3.40 80.3 12.8 0.0 15.0 1.51 0.864 1.37 0.0414 57.1
M12X11.8 R 12.0 0.177 3.07 0.225 0.0 0.0 0.563 0.0 3.47 72.2 12.0 0.0 14.3 1.09 0.709 1.15 0.0500 37.7
M12X10.8 R 12.0 0.160 3.07 0.210 0.0 0.0 0.563 0.0 3.18 66.7 11.1 0.0 13.2 1.01 0.661 1.07 0.0393 35.0
M12X10 R 12.0 0.149 3.25 0.180 0.0 0.0 0.500 0.0 2.95 61.7 10.3 0.0 12.2 1.03 0.636 1.02 0.0292 35.9
M10X9 R 10.0 0.157 2.69 0.206 0.0 0.0 0.563 0.0 2.65 39.0 7.79 0.0 9.22 0.672 0.500 0.809 0.0314 16.1
M10X8 R 10.0 0.141 2.69 0.182 0.0 0.0 0.563 0.0 2.37 34.6 6.95 0.0 8.20 0.593 0.441 0.711 0.0224 14.2
M10X7.5 R 10.0 0.130 2.69 0.173 0.0 0.0 0.438 0.0 2.22 33.0 6.60 0.0 7.77 0.562 0.418 0.670 0.0187 13.5
M8X6.5 R 8.00 0.135 2.28 0.189 0.0 0.0 0.563 0.0 1.92 18.5 4.63 0.0 5.43 0.376 0.329 0.529 0.0184 5.73
M8X6.2 R 8.00 0.129 2.28 0.177 0.0 0.0 0.438 0.0 1.82 17.6 4.39 0.0 5.15 0.352 0.308 0.495 0.0156 5.38
M6X4.4 R 6.00 0.114 1.84 0.171 0.0 0.0 0.375 0.0 1.29 7.23 2.41 0.0 2.80 0.180 0.195 0.311 0.00990 1.53
M6X3.7 R 5.92 0.0980 2.00 0.129 0.0 0.0 0.313 0.0 1.09 5.96 2.01 0.0 2.33 0.173 0.173 0.273 0.00530 1.45
M5X18.9 R 5.00 0.316 5.00 0.416 0.0 0.0 0.813 0.0 5.56 24.2 9.67 0.0 11.1 8.70 3.48 5.33 0.313 45.7
M4X6 R 3.80 0.130 3.80 0.160 0.0 0.0 0.500 0.0 1.75 4.72 2.48 0.0 2.74 1.47 0.771 1.18 0.0184 4.87
M4X4.08 R 4.00 0.115 2.25 0.170 0.0 0.0 0.563 0.0 1.27 3.53 1.77 0.0 2.00 0.325 0.289 0.453 0.0147 1.19
M4X3.45 R 4.00 0.0920 2.25 0.130 0.0 0.0 0.500 0.0 1.01 2.86 1.43 0.0 1.60 0.248 0.221 0.346 0.00820 0.930
M4X3.2 R 4.00 0.0920 2.25 0.130 0.0 0.0 0.500 0.0 1.01 2.86 1.43 0.0 1.60 0.248 0.221 0.346 0.00820 0.930
M3X2.9 R 3.00 0.0900 2.25 0.130 0.0 0.0 0.500 0.0 0.914 1.50 1.00 0.0 1.12 0.248 0.221 0.344 0.00790 0.511
S24X121 R 24.5 0.800 8.05 1.09 0.0 0.0 2.00 0.0 35.5 3160 258 0.0 306 83.0 20.6 36.3 12.8 11400
S24X106 R 24.5 0.620 7.87 1.09 0.0 0.0 2.00 0.0 31.1 2940 240 0.0 279 76.8 19.5 33.4 10.1 10500
S24X100 R 24.0 0.745 7.25 0.870 0.0 0.0 1.75 0.0 29.3 2380 199 0.0 239 47.4 13.1 24.0 7.59 6350
S24X90 R 24.0 0.625 7.13 0.870 0.0 0.0 1.75 0.0 26.5 2250 187 0.0 222 44.7 12.5 22.4 6.05 5980
S24X80 R 24.0 0.500 7.00 0.870 0.0 0.0 1.75 0.0 23.5 2100 175 0.0 204 42.0 12.0 20.8 4.89 5620
S20X96 R 20.3 0.800 7.20 0.920 0.0 0.0 1.75 0.0 28.2 1670 165 0.0 198 49.9 13.9 24.9 8.40 4690
S20X86 R 20.3 0.660 7.06 0.920 0.0 0.0 1.75 0.0 25.3 1570 155 0.0 183 46.6 13.2 23.1 6.65 4370
S20X75 R 20.0 0.635 6.39 0.795 0.0 0.0 1.63 0.0 22.0 1280 128 0.0 152 29.5 9.25 16.7 4.59 2720
S20X66 R 20.0 0.505 6.26 0.795 0.0 0.0 1.63 0.0 19.4 1190 119 0.0 139 27.5 8.78 15.4 3.58 2530
S18X70 R 18.0 0.711 6.25 0.691 0.0 0.0 1.50 0.0 20.5 923 103 0.0 124 24.0 7.69 14.3 4.10 1800
S18X54.7 R 18.0 0.461 6.00 0.691 0.0 0.0 1.50 0.0 16.0 801 89.0 0.0 104 20.7 6.91 12.1 2.33 1550
S15X50 R 15.0 0.550 5.64 0.622 0.0 0.0 1.38 0.0 14.7 485 64.7 0.0 77.0 15.6 5.53 10.0 2.12 805
S15X42.9 R 15.0 0.411 5.50 0.622 0.0 0.0 1.38 0.0 12.6 446 59.4 0.0 69.2 14.3 5.19 9.08 1.54 737
S12X50 R 12.0 0.687 5.48 0.659 0.0 0.0 1.44 0.0 14.6 303 50.6 0.0 60.9 15.6 5.69 10.3 2.77 501
S12X40.8 R 12.0 0.462 5.25 0.659 0.0 0.0 1.44 0.0 11.9 270 45.1 0.0 52.7 13.5 5.13 8.86 1.69 433
S12X35 R 12.0 0.428 5.08 0.544 0.0 0.0 1.19 0.0 10.2 228 38.1 0.0 44.6 9.84 3.88 6.80 1.05 323
S12X31.8 R 12.0 0.350 5.00 0.544 0.0 0.0 1.19 0.0 9.31 217 36.2 0.0 41.8 9.33 3.73 6.44 0.878 306
S10X35 R 10.0 0.594 4.94 0.491 0.0 0.0 1.13 0.0 10.3 147 29.4 0.0 35.4 8.30 3.36 6.19 1.29 188
S10X25.4 R 10.0 0.311 4.66 0.491 0.0 0.0 1.13 0.0 7.45 123 24.6 0.0 28.3 6.73 2.89 4.99 0.603 152
S8X23 R 8.00 0.441 4.17 0.425 0.0 0.0 1.00 0.0 6.76 64.7 16.2 0.0 19.2 4.27 2.05 3.67 0.550 61.2
S8X18.4 R 8.00 0.271 4.00 0.425 0.0 0.0 1.00 0.0 5.40 57.5 14.4 0.0 16.5 3.69 1.84 3.18 0.335 52.9
S6X17.2 R 6.00 0.465 3.57 0.359 0.0 0.0 0.813 0.0 5.06 26.2 8.74 0.0 10.5 2.29 1.28 2.35 0.371 18.2
S6X12.5 R 6.00 0.232 3.33 0.359 0.0 0.0 0.813 0.0 3.66 22.0 7.34 0.0 8.45 1.80 1.08 1.86 0.167 14.3
S5X10 R 5.00 0.214 3.00 0.326 0.0 0.0 0.750 0.0 2.93 12.3 4.90 0.0 5.66 1.19 0.795 1.37 0.114 6.52
S4X9.5 R 4.00 0.326 2.80 0.293 0.0 0.0 0.750 0.0 2.79 6.76 3.38 0.0 4.04 0.887 0.635 1.13 0.120 3.05
S4X7.7 R 4.00 0.193 2.66 0.293 0.0 0.0 0.750 0.0 2.26 6.05 3.03 0.0 3.50 0.748 0.562 0.970 0.0732 2.57
S3X7.5 R 3.00 0.349 2.51 0.260 0.0 0.0 0.625 0.0 2.20 2.91 1.94 0.0 2.35 0.578 0.461 0.821 0.0896 1.08
S3X5.7 R 3.00 0.170 2.33 0.260 0.0 0.0 0.625 0.0 1.66 2.50 1.67 0.0 1.94 0.447 0.383 0.656 0.0433 0.838
HP14X117 R 14.2 0.805 14.9 0.805 0.0 0.0 1.50 0.0 34.4 1220 172 0.0 194 443 59.5 91.4 8.02 19900
HP14X102 R 14.0 0.705 14.8 0.705 0.0 0.0 1.38 0.0 30.0 1050 150 0.0 169 380 51.4 78.8 5.39 16800
HP14X89 R 13.8 0.615 14.7 0.615 0.0 0.0 1.31 0.0 26.1 904 131 0.0 146 326 44.3 67.7 3.59 14200
HP14X73 R 13.6 0.505 14.6 0.505 0.0 0.0 1.19 0.0 21.4 729 107 0.0 118 261 35.8 54.6 2.01 11200
HP12X84 R 12.3 0.685 12.3 0.685 0.0 0.0 1.38 0.0 24.6 650 106 0.0 120 213 34.6 53.2 4.24 7140
HP12X74 R 12.1 0.605 12.2 0.610 0.0 0.0 1.31 0.0 21.8 569 93.8 0.0 105 186 30.4 46.6 2.98 6160
HP12X63 R 11.9 0.515 12.1 0.515 0.0 0.0 1.25 0.0 18.4 472 79.1 0.0 88.3 153 25.3 38.7 1.83 5000
HP12X53 R 11.8 0.435 12.0 0.435 0.0 0.0 1.13 0.0 15.5 393 66.7 0.0 74.0 127 21.1 32.2 1.12 4080
HP10X57 R 10.0 0.565 10.2 0.565 0.0 0.0 1.25 0.0 16.8 294 58.8 0.0 66.5 101 19.7 30.3 1.97 2240
HP10X42 R 9.70 0.415 10.1 0.420 0.0 0.0 1.13 0.0 12.4 210 43.4 0.0 48.3 71.7 14.2 21.8 0.813 1540
HP8X36 R 8.02 0.445 8.16 0.445 0.0 0.0 1.13 0.0 10.6 119 29.8 0.0 33.6 40.3 9.88 15.2 0.770 578
B8X6.5 R 7.85 0.133 2.28 0.186
B10X8.0 R 9.81 0.139 2.69 0.183
B10X9.0 R 9.86 0.157 2.69 0.206
B12X10.8 R 11.87 0.162 3.065 0.206
B12X11.8 R 11.91 0.177 3.065 0.225
CHANNEL
C15X50 R 15.0 0.716 3.72 0.650 0.0 0.0 1.44 0.0 14.7 404 53.8 0.0 68.5 11.0 3.77 8.14 2.65 492 0.799 0.583
C15X40 R 15.0 0.520 3.52 0.650 0.0 0.0 1.44 0.0 11.8 348 46.5 0.0 57.5 9.17 3.34 6.84 1.45 410 0.778 0.767
C15X33.9 R 15.0 0.400 3.40 0.650 0.0 0.0 1.44 0.0 10.0 315 42.0 0.0 50.8 8.07 3.09 6.19 1.01 358 0.788 0.896
C12X30 R 12.0 0.510 3.17 0.501 0.0 0.0 1.13 0.0 8.81 162 27.0 0.0 33.8 5.12 2.05 4.32 0.861 151 0.674 0.618
C12X25 R 12.0 0.387 3.05 0.501 0.0 0.0 1.13 0.0 7.34 144 24.0 0.0 29.4 4.45 1.87 3.82 0.538 130 0.674 0.746
C12X20.7 R 12.0 0.282 2.94 0.501 0.0 0.0 1.13 0.0 6.08 129 21.5 0.0 25.6 3.86 1.72 3.47 0.369 112 0.698 0.870
C10X30 R 10.0 0.673 3.03 0.436 0.0 0.0 1.00 0.0 8.81 103 20.7 0.0 26.7 3.93 1.65 3.78 1.22 79.5 0.649 0.368
C10X25 R 10.0 0.526 2.89 0.436 0.0 0.0 1.00 0.0 7.34 91.1 18.2 0.0 23.1 3.34 1.47 3.18 0.687 68.3 0.617 0.494
C10X20 R 10.0 0.379 2.74 0.436 0.0 0.0 1.00 0.0 5.87 78.9 15.8 0.0 19.4 2.80 1.31 2.70 0.368 56.9 0.606 0.636
C10X15.3 R 10.0 0.240 2.60 0.436 0.0 0.0 1.00 0.0 4.48 67.3 13.5 0.0 15.9 2.27 1.15 2.34 0.209 45.5 0.634 0.796
C9X20 R 9.00 0.448 2.65 0.413 0.0 0.0 1.00 0.0 5.87 60.9 13.5 0.0 16.9 2.41 1.17 2.46 0.427 39.4 0.583 0.515
C9X15 R 9.00 0.285 2.49 0.413 0.0 0.0 1.00 0.0 4.41 51.0 11.3 0.0 13.6 1.91 1.01 2.04 0.208 31.0 0.586 0.681
C9X13.4 R 9.00 0.233 2.43 0.413 0.0 0.0 1.00 0.0 3.94 47.8 10.6 0.0 12.6 1.75 0.954 1.94 0.168 28.2 0.601 0.742
C8X18.7 R 8.00 0.487 2.53 0.390 0.0 0.0 0.938 0.0 5.51 43.9 11.0 0.0 13.9 1.97 1.01 2.17 0.434 25.1 0.565 0.431
C8X13.7 R 8.00 0.303 2.34 0.390 0.0 0.0 0.938 0.0 4.04 36.1 9.02 0.0 11.0 1.52 0.848 1.73 0.186 19.2 0.554 0.604
C8X11.5 R 8.00 0.220 2.26 0.390 0.0 0.0 0.938 0.0 3.37 32.5 8.14 0.0 9.63 1.31 0.775 1.57 0.130 16.5 0.572 0.697
C7X14.7 R 7.00 0.419 2.30 0.366 0.0 0.0 0.875 0.0 4.33 27.2 7.78 0.0 9.75 1.37 0.772 1.63 0.267 13.1 0.532 0.441
C7X12.2 R 7.00 0.314 2.19 0.366 0.0 0.0 0.875 0.0 3.60 24.2 6.92 0.0 8.46 1.16 0.696 1.42 0.161 11.2 0.525 0.538
C7X9.8 R 7.00 0.210 2.09 0.366 0.0 0.0 0.875 0.0 2.87 21.2 6.07 0.0 7.19 0.957 0.617 1.26 0.0996 9.15 0.541 0.647
C6X13 R 6.00 0.437 2.16 0.343 0.0 0.0 0.813 0.0 3.81 17.3 5.78 0.0 7.29 1.05 0.638 1.35 0.237 7.19 0.514 0.380
C6X10.5 R 6.00 0.314 2.03 0.343 0.0 0.0 0.813 0.0 3.08 15.1 5.04 0.0 6.18 0.860 0.561 1.14 0.128 5.91 0.500 0.486
C6X8.2 R 6.00 0.200 1.92 0.343 0.0 0.0 0.813 0.0 2.39 13.1 4.35 0.0 5.16 0.687 0.488 0.987 0.0736 4.70 0.512 0.599
C5X9 R 5.00 0.325 1.89 0.320 0.0 0.0 0.750 0.0 2.64 8.89 3.56 0.0 4.39 0.624 0.444 0.913 0.109 2.93 0.478 0.427
C5X6.7 R 5.00 0.190 1.75 0.320 0.0 0.0 0.750 0.0 1.97 7.48 2.99 0.0 3.55 0.470 0.372 0.757 0.0549 2.22 0.484 0.552
C4X7.2 R 4.00 0.321 1.72 0.296 0.0 0.0 0.750 0.0 2.13 4.58 2.29 0.0 2.84 0.425 0.337 0.695 0.0817 1.24 0.459 0.386
C4X5.4 R 4.00 0.184 1.58 0.296 0.0 0.0 0.750 0.0 1.58 3.85 1.92 0.0 2.29 0.312 0.277 0.565 0.0399 0.921 0.457 0.501
C4X4.5 R 4.00 0.125 1.58 0.296 0.0 0.0 0.750 0.0 1.38 3.65 1.83 0.0 2.12 0.289 0.265 0.531 0.0322 0.871 0.493 0.587
C3X6 R 3.00 0.356 1.60 0.273 0.0 0.0 0.688 0.0 1.76 2.07 1.38 0.0 1.74 0.300 0.263 0.543 0.0725 0.462 0.455 0.322
C3X5 R 3.00 0.258 1.50 0.273 0.0 0.0 0.688 0.0 1.47 1.85 1.23 0.0 1.52 0.241 0.228 0.464 0.0425 0.379 0.439 0.392
C3X4.1 R 3.00 0.170 1.41 0.273 0.0 0.0 0.688 0.0 1.20 1.65 1.10 0.0 1.32 0.191 0.196 0.399 0.0269 0.307 0.437 0.461
C3X3.5 R 3.00 0.132 1.37 0.273 0.0 0.0 0.688 0.0 1.09 1.57 1.04 0.0 1.24 0.169 0.182 0.364 0.0226 0.276 0.443 0.493
MC18X58 R 18.0 0.700 4.20 0.625 0.0 0.0 1.44 0.0 17.1 675 75.0 0.0 95.4 17.6 5.28 10.7 2.81 1070 0.862 0.695
MC18X51.9 R 18.0 0.600 4.10 0.625 0.0 0.0 1.44 0.0 15.3 627 69.6 0.0 87.3 16.3 5.02 9.86 2.03 985 0.858 0.797
MC18X45.8 R 18.0 0.500 4.00 0.625 0.0 0.0 1.44 0.0 13.5 578 64.2 0.0 79.2 14.9 4.77 9.14 1.45 897 0.866 0.909
MC18X42.7 R 18.0 0.450 3.95 0.625 0.0 0.0 1.44 0.0 12.6 554 61.5 0.0 75.1 14.3 4.64 8.82 1.23 852 0.877 0.969
MC13X50 R 13.0 0.787 4.41 0.610 0.0 0.0 1.44 0.0 14.7 314 48.3 0.0 60.8 16.4 4.77 10.2 2.96 558 0.974 0.815
MC13X40 R 13.0 0.560 4.19 0.610 0.0 0.0 1.44 0.0 11.8 273 41.9 0.0 51.2 13.7 4.24 8.66 1.55 462 0.963 1.03
MC13X35 R 13.0 0.447 4.07 0.610 0.0 0.0 1.44 0.0 10.3 252 38.8 0.0 46.5 12.3 3.97 8.04 1.13 412 0.980 1.16
MC13X31.8 R 13.0 0.375 4.00 0.610 0.0 0.0 1.44 0.0 9.35 239 36.7 0.0 43.4 11.4 3.79 7.69 0.937 380 1.00 1.24
MC12X50 R 12.0 0.835 4.14 0.700 0.0 0.0 1.31 0.0 14.7 269 44.9 0.0 56.5 17.4 5.64 10.9 3.23 411 1.05 0.741
MC12X45 R 12.0 0.710 4.01 0.700 0.0 0.0 1.31 0.0 13.2 251 41.9 0.0 52.0 15.8 5.30 10.1 2.33 373 1.04 0.844
MC12X40 R 12.0 0.590 3.89 0.700 0.0 0.0 1.31 0.0 11.8 234 39.0 0.0 47.7 14.2 4.98 9.31 1.69 336 1.04 0.952
MC12X35 R 12.0 0.465 3.77 0.700 0.0 0.0 1.31 0.0 10.3 216 36.0 0.0 43.2 12.6 4.64 8.62 1.24 297 1.05 1.07
MC12X31 R 12.0 0.370 3.67 0.700 0.0 0.0 1.31 0.0 9.12 202 33.7 0.0 39.7 11.3 4.37 8.15 1.00 267 1.08 1.17
MC12X10.6 R 12.0 0.190 1.50 0.309 0.0 0.0 0.750 0.0 3.10 55.3 9.22 0.0 11.6 0.378 0.307 0.635 0.0596 11.7 0.269 0.284
MC10X41.1 R 10.0 0.796 4.32 0.575 0.0 0.0 1.31 0.0 12.1 157 31.5 0.0 39.3 15.7 4.85 9.49 2.26 269 1.09 0.864
MC10X33.6 R 10.0 0.575 4.10 0.575 0.0 0.0 1.31 0.0 9.87 139 27.8 0.0 33.7 13.1 4.35 8.28 1.20 224 1.09 1.06
MC10X28.5 R 10.0 0.425 3.95 0.575 0.0 0.0 1.31 0.0 8.37 126 25.3 0.0 30.0 11.3 3.99 7.59 0.791 193 1.12 1.21
MC10X25 R 10.0 0.380 3.41 0.575 0.0 0.0 1.31 0.0 7.35 110 22.0 0.0 26.2 7.25 2.96 5.65 0.638 124 0.953 1.03
MC10X22 R 10.0 0.290 3.32 0.575 0.0 0.0 1.31 0.0 6.45 102 20.5 0.0 23.9 6.40 2.75 5.29 0.510 110 0.990 1.12
MC10X8.4 R 10.0 0.170 1.50 0.280 0.0 0.0 0.750 0.0 2.46 31.9 6.39 0.0 7.92 0.326 0.268 0.548 0.0413 7.00 0.284 0.332
MC10X6.5 R 10.0 0.152 1.17 0.202 0.0 0.0 0.563 0.0 1.95 22.9 4.59 0.0 5.90 0.133 0.137 0.284 0.0191 2.76 0.194 0.182
MC9X25.4 R 9.00 0.450 3.50 0.550 0.0 0.0 1.25 0.0 7.47 87.9 19.5 0.0 23.5 7.57 2.99 5.70 0.691 104 0.970 0.986
MC9X23.9 R 9.00 0.400 3.45 0.550 0.0 0.0 1.25 0.0 7.02 84.9 18.9 0.0 22.5 7.14 2.89 5.51 0.599 98.0 0.981 1.04
MC8X22.8 R 8.00 0.427 3.50 0.525 0.0 0.0 1.19 0.0 6.70 63.8 15.9 0.0 19.1 7.01 2.81 5.37 0.572 75.2 1.01 1.04
MC8X21.4 R 8.00 0.375 3.45 0.525 0.0 0.0 1.19 0.0 6.28 61.5 15.4 0.0 18.2 6.58 2.71 5.18 0.495 70.8 1.02 1.09
MC8X20 R 8.00 0.400 3.03 0.500 0.0 0.0 1.13 0.0 5.88 54.4 13.6 0.0 16.4 4.42 2.02 3.86 0.441 47.8 0.840 0.843
MC8X18.7 R 8.00 0.353 2.98 0.500 0.0 0.0 1.13 0.0 5.50 52.4 13.1 0.0 15.6 4.15 1.95 3.72 0.380 45.0 0.849 0.889
MC8X8.5 R 8.00 0.179 1.87 0.311 0.0 0.0 0.813 0.0 2.50 23.3 5.82 0.0 6.95 0.624 0.431 0.875 0.0587 8.21 0.428 0.542
MC7X22.7 R 7.00 0.503 3.60 0.500 0.0 0.0 1.13 0.0 6.67 47.4 13.5 0.0 16.4 7.24 2.83 5.38 0.625 58.3 1.04 1.01
MC7X19.1 R 7.00 0.352 3.45 0.500 0.0 0.0 1.13 0.0 5.61 43.1 12.3 0.0 14.5 6.06 2.55 4.85 0.407 49.3 1.08 1.15
MC6X18 R 6.00 0.379 3.50 0.475 0.0 0.0 1.06 0.0 5.29 29.7 9.89 0.0 11.7 5.88 2.47 4.68 0.379 34.6 1.12 1.17
MC6X15.3 R 6.00 0.340 3.50 0.385 0.0 0.0 0.875 0.0 4.49 25.3 8.44 0.0 9.91 4.91 2.01 3.85 0.223 30.0 1.05 1.16
MC6X16.3 R 6.00 0.375 3.00 0.475 0.0 0.0 1.06 0.0 4.79 26.0 8.66 0.0 10.4 3.77 1.82 3.47 0.336 22.1 0.927 0.930
MC6X15.1 R 6.00 0.316 2.94 0.475 0.0 0.0 1.06 0.0 4.44 24.9 8.30 0.0 9.83 3.46 1.73 3.30 0.285 20.5 0.940 0.982
MC6X12 R 6.00 0.310 2.50 0.375 0.0 0.0 0.875 0.0 3.53 18.7 6.24 0.0 7.47 1.85 1.03 1.97 0.155 11.3 0.704 0.725
MC6X7 R 6.00 0.179 1.88 0.291 0.0 0.0 0.750 0.0 2.09 11.4 3.81 0.0 4.50 0.603 0.439 0.865 0.0464 4.00 0.501 0.583
MC6X6.5 R 6.00 0.155 1.85 0.291 0.0 0.0 0.750 0.0 1.95 11.0 3.66 0.0 4.28 0.565 0.422 0.836 0.0412 3.75 0.513 0.612
MC4X13.8 R 4.00 0.500 2.50 0.500 0.0 0.0 1.00 0.0 4.03 8.85 4.43 0.0 5.53 2.13 1.29 2.40 0.373 4.84 0.849 0.643
MC3X7.1 R 3.00 0.312 1.94 0.351 0.0 0.0 0.813 0.0 2.11 2.72 1.81 0.0 2.24 0.666 0.518 0.998 0.0928 0.915 0.653 0.574
L
L12X12X1-3/8 R 12.0 12.0 1.3750 31.1 415 48.8 88.3 415 48.8 88.3 19.70 209.0
L12X12X1-1/4 R 12.0 12.0 1.2500 28.4 383 44.8 81.0 383 44.8 81.0 14.90 160.0
L12X12X1-1/8 R 12.0 12.0 1.1250 25.8 351 40.9 73.8 351 40.9 73.8 11.10 120.0
L12X12X1 R 12.0 12.0 1.0000 23.0 315 36.5 65.9 315 36.5 65.9 7.80 84.5
L10X10X1-3/8 R 10.0 10.0 1.3750 25.7 234 33.4 60.3 234 33.4 60.3 16.20 117.0
L10X10X1-1/4 R 10.0 10.0 1.2500 23.5 216 30.6 55.4 216 30.6 55.4 12.30 89.4
L10X10X1-1/8 R 10.0 10.0 1.1250 21.4 199 28.0 50.6 199 28.0 50.6 9.21 67.3
L10X10X1 R 10.0 10.0 1.0000 19.1 179 25.0 45.3 179 25.0 45.3 6.46 47.6
L10X10X7/8 R 10.0 10.0 0.8750 16.8 159 22.1 40.0 159 22.1 40.0 4.39 32.5
L10X10X3/4 R 10.0 10.0 0.7500 14.5 136 19.2 34.7 139 19.2 34.7 2.80 20.9
L8X8X1-1/8 R 8.0 8.0 1.1250 16.7 98.1 17.5 31.6 98.1 17.5 31.6 7.13 32.5
L8X8X1 R 8.0 8.0 1.0000 15.0 89.1 15.8 28.5 89.1 15.8 28.5 5.08 23.4
L8X8X7/8 R 8.0 8.0 0.8750 13.2 79.7 14.0 25.3 79.7 14.0 25.3 3.46 16.1
L8X8X3/4 R 8.0 8.0 0.7500 11.4 69.9 12.2 22.0 69.9 12.2 22.0 2.21 10.4
L8X8X5/8 R 8.0 8.0 0.6250 9.61 59.6 10.3 18.6 59.6 10.3 18.6 1.30 6.16
L8X8X9/16 R 8.0 8.0 0.5625 8.68 54.2 9.33 16.8 54.2 9.33 16.8 0.961 4.55
L8X8X1/2 R 8.0 8.0 0.5000 7.75 48.8 8.36 15.1 48.8 8.36 15.1 0.683 3.23
L8X6X1 R 8.0 6.0 1.0000 13.0 80.9 15.1 27.3 38.8 8.92 16.2 4.34 16.3
L8X6X7/8 R 8.0 6.0 0.8750 11.5 72.4 13.4 24.3 34.9 7.94 14.4 2.96 11.3
L8X6X3/4 R 8.0 6.0 0.7500 9.94 63.5 11.7 21.1 30.8 6.92 12.5 1.90 7.28
L8X6X5/8 R 8.0 6.0 0.6250 8.36 54.2 9.86 17.9 26.4 5.88 10.5 1.12 4.33
L8X6X9/16 R 8.0 6.0 0.5625 7.56 49.4 8.94 16.2 24.1 5.34 9.52 0.823 3.20
L8X6X1/2 R 8.0 6.0 0.5000 6.75 44.4 8.01 14.6 21.7 4.79 8.52 0.584 2.28
L8X6X7/16 R 8.0 6.0 0.4375 5.93 39.3 7.06 12.9 19.3 4.23 7.50 0.396 1.55
L8X4X1 R 8.0 4.0 1.0000 11.0 69.7 14.0 24.3 11.6 3.94 7.73 3.68 12.9
L8X4X7/8 R 8.0 4.0 0.8750 9.73 62.6 12.5 21.7 10.5 3.51 6.77 2.51 8.89
L8X4X3/4 R 8.0 4.0 0.7500 8.44 55.0 10.9 18.9 9.37 3.07 5.82 1.61 5.75
L8X4X5/8 R 8.0 4.0 0.6250 7.11 47.0 9.20 16.1 8.11 2.62 4.86 0.955 3.42
L8X4X9/16 R 8.0 4.0 0.5625 6.43 42.9 8.34 14.6 7.44 2.38 4.39 0.704 2.53
L8X4X1/2 R 8.0 4.0 0.5000 5.75 38.6 7.48 13.1 6.75 2.15 3.91 0.501 1.80
L8X4X7/16 R 8.0 4.0 0.4375 5.06 34.2 6.59 11.6 6.03 1.90 3.42 0.340 1.22
L7X4X3/4 R 7.0 4.0 0.7500 7.69 37.8 8.39 14.8 9.00 3.01 5.60 1.47 3.97
L7X4X5/8 R 7.0 4.0 0.6250 6.48 32.4 7.12 12.5 7.79 2.56 4.69 0.868 2.37
L7X4X1/2 R 7.0 4.0 0.5000 5.25 26.6 5.79 10.2 6.48 2.10 3.77 0.456 1.25
L7X4X7/16 R 7.0 4.0 0.4375 4.62 23.6 5.11 9.03 5.79 1.86 3.31 0.310 0.851
L7X4X3/8 R 7.0 4.0 0.3750 3.98 20.5 4.42 7.81 5.06 1.61 2.84 0.198 0.544
L6X6X1 R 6.0 6.0 1.0000 11.0 35.4 8.55 15.4 35.4 8.55 15.4 3.68 9.24
L6X6X7/8 R 6.0 6.0 0.8750 9.75 31.9 7.61 13.7 31.9 7.61 13.7 2.51 6.41
L6X6X3/4 R 6.0 6.0 0.7500 8.46 28.1 6.64 11.9 28.1 6.64 11.9 1.61 4.17
L6X6X5/8 R 6.0 6.0 0.6250 7.13 24.1 5.64 10.1 24.1 5.64 10.1 0.955 2.50
L6X6X9/16 R 6.0 6.0 0.5625 6.45 22.0 5.12 9.18 22.0 5.12 9.17 0.704 1.85
L6X6X1/2 R 6.0 6.0 0.5000 5.77 19.9 4.59 8.22 19.9 4.59 8.22 0.501 1.32
L6X6X7/16 R 6.0 6.0 0.4375 5.08 17.6 4.06 7.25 17.6 4.06 7.25 0.340 0.899
L6X6X3/8 R 6.0 6.0 0.3750 4.38 15.4 3.51 6.27 15.4 3.51 6.26 0.218 0.575
L6X6X5/16 R 6.0 6.0 0.3125 3.67 13.0 2.95 5.26 13.0 2.95 5.26 0.129 0.338
L6X4X7/8 R 6.0 4.0 0.8750 7.98 27.7 7.13 12.7 9.70 3.37 6.26 2.03 4.04
L6X4X3/4 R 6.0 4.0 0.7500 6.94 24.5 6.23 11.1 8.63 2.95 5.42 1.31 2.64
L6X4X5/8 R 6.0 4.0 0.6250 5.86 21.0 5.29 9.44 7.48 2.52 4.56 0.775 1.59
L6X4X9/16 R 6.0 4.0 0.5625 5.31 19.2 4.81 8.59 6.86 2.29 4.13 0.572 1.18
L6X4X1/2 R 6.0 4.0 0.5000 4.75 17.3 4.31 7.71 6.22 2.06 3.69 0.407 0.843
L6X4X7/16 R 6.0 4.0 0.4375 4.18 15.4 3.81 6.81 5.56 1.83 3.24 0.276 0.575
L6X4X3/8 R 6.0 4.0 0.3750 3.61 13.4 3.30 5.89 4.86 1.58 2.79 0.177 0.369
L6X4X5/16 R 6.0 4.0 0.3125 3.03 11.4 2.77 4.96 4.13 1.34 2.33 0.104 0.217
L6X3.5X1/2 R 6.0 3.5 0.5000 4.50 16.6 4.23 7.49 4.24 1.59 2.88 0.386 0.779
L6X3.5X3/8 R 6.0 3.5 0.3750 3.42 12.9 3.23 5.74 3.33 1.22 2.18 0.168 0.341
L6X3.5X5/16 R 6.0 3.5 0.3125 2.87 10.9 2.72 4.84 2.84 1.03 1.82 0.0990 0.201
L5X5X7/8 R 5.0 5.0 0.8750 7.98 17.8 5.16 9.31 17.8 5.16 9.30 2.07 3.53
L5X5X3/4 R 5.0 5.0 0.7500 6.94 15.7 4.52 8.14 15.7 4.52 8.14 1.33 2.32
L5X5X5/8 R 5.0 5.0 0.6250 5.86 13.6 3.85 6.93 13.6 3.85 6.92 0.792 1.40
L5X5X1/2 R 5.0 5.0 0.5000 4.75 11.3 3.15 5.66 11.3 3.15 5.66 0.417 0.744
L5X5X7/16 R 5.0 5.0 0.4375 4.18 10.0 2.78 5.00 10.0 2.78 5.00 0.284 0.508
L5X5X3/8 R 5.0 5.0 0.3750 3.61 8.76 2.41 4.33 8.76 2.41 4.33 0.183 0.327
L5X5X5/16 R 5.0 5.0 0.3125 3.03 7.44 2.04 3.65 7.44 2.04 3.65 0.108 0.193
L5X3.5X3/4 R 5.0 3.5 0.7500 5.81 13.9 4.26 7.60 5.52 2.20 4.07 1.09 1.52
L5X3.5X5/8 R 5.0 3.5 0.6250 4.92 12.0 3.63 6.50 4.80 1.88 3.43 0.651 0.918
L5X3.5X1/2 R 5.0 3.5 0.5000 4.00 10.0 2.97 5.33 4.02 1.55 2.79 0.343 0.491
L5X3.5X3/8 R 5.0 3.5 0.3750 3.05 7.75 2.28 4.09 3.15 1.19 2.12 0.150 0.217
L5X3.5X5/16 R 5.0 3.5 0.3125 2.56 6.58 1.92 3.45 2.69 1.01 1.77 0.0883 0.128
L5X3.5X1/4 R 5.0 3.5 0.2500 2.06 5.36 1.55 2.78 2.20 0.816 1.42 0.0464 0.0670
L5X3X1/2 R 5.0 3.0 0.5000 3.75 9.43 2.89 5.12 2.55 1.13 2.08 0.322 0.444
L5X3X7/16 R 5.0 3.0 0.4375 3.31 8.41 2.56 4.53 2.29 1.00 1.82 0.220 0.304
L5X3X3/8 R 5.0 3.0 0.3750 2.86 7.35 2.22 3.93 2.01 0.874 1.57 0.141 0.196
L5X3X5/16 R 5.0 3.0 0.3125 2.40 6.24 1.87 3.32 1.72 0.739 1.31 0.0832 0.116
L5X3X1/4 R 5.0 3.0 0.2500 1.94 5.09 1.51 2.68 1.41 0.600 1.05 0.0438 0.0606
L4X4X3/4 R 4.0 4.0 0.7500 5.44 7.62 2.79 5.02 7.62 2.79 5.01 1.02 1.12
L4X4X5/8 R 4.0 4.0 0.6250 4.61 6.62 2.38 4.28 6.62 2.38 4.28 0.610 0.680
L4X4X1/2 R 4.0 4.0 0.5000 3.75 5.52 1.96 3.50 5.52 1.96 3.50 0.322 0.366
L4X4X7/16 R 4.0 4.0 0.4375 3.31 4.93 1.73 3.10 4.93 1.73 3.10 0.220 0.252
L4X4X3/8 R 4.0 4.0 0.3750 2.86 4.32 1.50 2.69 4.32 1.50 2.68 0.141 0.162
L4X4X5/16 R 4.0 4.0 0.3125 2.40 3.67 1.27 2.26 3.67 1.27 2.26 0.0832 0.0963
L4X4X1/4 R 4.0 4.0 0.2500 1.94 3.00 1.03 1.82 3.00 1.03 1.82 0.0438 0.0505
L4X3.5X1/2 R 4.0 3.5 0.5000 3.50 5.30 1.92 3.46 3.76 1.50 2.69 0.301 0.302
L4X3.5X3/8 R 4.0 3.5 0.3750 2.67 4.15 1.48 2.66 2.96 1.16 2.06 0.132 0.134
L4X3.5X5/16 R 4.0 3.5 0.3125 2.25 3.53 1.25 2.24 2.52 0.980 1.74 0.0782 0.0798
L4X3.5X1/4 R 4.0 3.5 0.2500 1.81 2.89 1.01 1.81 2.07 0.794 1.40 0.0412 0.0419
L4X3X5/8 R 4.0 3.0 0.6250 3.89 6.01 2.28 4.08 2.85 1.34 2.45 0.529 0.472
L4X3X1/2 R 4.0 3.0 0.5000 3.25 5.02 1.87 3.36 2.40 1.10 1.99 0.281 0.255
L4X3X3/8 R 4.0 3.0 0.3750 2.48 3.94 1.44 2.60 1.89 0.851 1.52 0.123 0.114
L4X3X5/16 R 4.0 3.0 0.3125 2.09 3.36 1.22 2.19 1.62 0.721 1.28 0.0731 0.0676
L4X3X1/4 R 4.0 3.0 0.2500 1.69 2.75 0.988 1.77 1.33 0.585 1.03 0.0386 0.0356
L3.5X3.5X1/2 R 3.5 3.5 0.5000 3.25 3.63 1.48 2.66 3.63 1.48 2.66 0.281 0.238
L3.5X3.5X7/16 R 3.5 3.5 0.4375 2.87 3.25 1.32 2.36 3.25 1.32 2.36 0.192 0.164
L3.5X3.5X3/8 R 3.5 3.5 0.3750 2.48 2.86 1.15 2.06 2.86 1.15 2.05 0.123 0.106
L3.5X3.5X5/16 R 3.5 3.5 0.3125 2.09 2.44 0.969 1.74 2.44 0.969 1.74 0.0731 0.0634
L3.5X3.5X1/4 R 3.5 3.5 0.2500 1.69 2.00 0.787 1.41 2.00 0.787 1.41 0.0386 0.0334
L3.5X3X1/2 R 3.5 3.0 0.5000 3.00 3.45 1.45 2.61 2.32 1.09 1.97 0.260 0.191
L3.5X3X7/16 R 3.5 3.0 0.4375 2.65 3.10 1.29 2.32 2.09 0.971 1.75 0.178 0.132
L3.5X3X3/8 R 3.5 3.0 0.3750 2.30 2.73 1.12 2.03 1.84 0.847 1.52 0.114 0.0858
L3.5X3X5/16 R 3.5 3.0 0.3125 1.93 2.33 0.951 1.72 1.58 0.718 1.28 0.0680 0.0512
L3.5X3X1/4 R 3.5 3.0 0.2500 1.56 1.92 0.773 1.39 1.30 0.585 1.04 0.0360 0.0270
L3.5X2.5X1/2 R 3.5 2.5 0.5000 2.75 3.24 1.41 2.52 1.36 0.756 1.39 0.234 0.159
L3.5X2.5X3/8 R 3.5 2.5 0.3750 2.11 2.56 1.09 1.96 1.09 0.589 1.07 0.103 0.0714
L3.5X2.5X5/16 R 3.5 2.5 0.3125 1.78 2.20 0.925 1.67 0.937 0.501 0.900 0.0611 0.0426
L3.5X2.5X1/4 R 3.5 2.5 0.2500 1.44 1.81 0.753 1.36 0.775 0.410 0.728 0.0322 0.0225
L3X3X1/2 R 3.0 3.0 0.5000 2.75 2.20 1.06 1.91 2.20 1.06 1.91 0.230 0.144
L3X3X7/16 R 3.0 3.0 0.4375 2.43 1.98 0.946 1.70 1.98 0.946 1.70 0.157 0.100
L3X3X3/8 R 3.0 3.0 0.3750 2.11 1.75 0.825 1.48 1.75 0.825 1.48 0.101 0.0652
L3X3X5/16 R 3.0 3.0 0.3125 1.78 1.50 0.699 1.26 1.50 0.699 1.25 0.0597 0.0390
L3X3X1/4 R 3.0 3.0 0.2500 1.44 1.23 0.569 1.02 1.23 0.569 1.02 0.0313 0.0206
L3X3X3/16 R 3.0 3.0 0.1875 1.09 0.948 0.433 0.774 0.948 0.433 0.774 0.0136 0.00899
L3X2.5X1/2 R 3.0 2.5 0.5000 2.50 2.07 1.03 1.86 1.29 0.736 1.34 0.213 0.112
L3X2.5X7/16 R 3.0 2.5 0.4375 2.21 1.87 0.921 1.66 1.17 0.656 1.19 0.146 0.0777
L3X2.5X3/8 R 3.0 2.5 0.3750 1.92 1.65 0.803 1.45 1.03 0.573 1.03 0.0943 0.0507
L3X2.5X5/16 R 3.0 2.5 0.3125 1.67 1.41 0.681 1.23 0.888 0.487 0.873 0.0560 0.0304
L3X2.5X1/4 R 3.0 2.5 0.2500 1.31 1.16 0.555 1.00 0.734 0.397 0.707 0.0296 0.0161
L3X2.5X3/16 R 3.0 2.5 0.1875 0.996 0.899 0.423 0.761 0.568 0.303 0.536 0.0130 0.00705
L3X2X1/2 R 3.0 2.0 0.5000 2.25 1.92 1.00 1.78 0.667 0.470 0.887 0.192 0.0908
L3X2X3/8 R 3.0 2.0 0.3750 1.73 1.54 0.779 1.39 0.539 0.368 0.679 0.0855 0.0413
L3X2X5/16 R 3.0 2.0 0.3125 1.46 1.32 0.662 1.19 0.467 0.314 0.572 0.0510 0.0248
L3X2X1/4 R 3.0 2.0 0.2500 1.19 1.09 0.541 0.969 0.390 0.258 0.463 0.0270 0.0132
L3X2X3/16 R 3.0 2.0 0.1875 0.902 0.847 0.414 0.743 0.305 0.198 0.351 0.0119 0.00576
L2.5X2.5X1/2 R 2.5 2.5 0.5000 2.25 1.22 0.716 1.29 1.22 0.716 1.29 0.188 0.0791
L2.5X2.5X3/8 R 2.5 2.5 0.3750 1.73 0.972 0.558 1.01 0.972 0.558 1.00 0.0833 0.0362
L2.5X2.5X5/16 R 2.5 2.5 0.3125 1.46 0.837 0.474 0.853 0.837 0.474 0.853 0.0495 0.0218
L2.5X2.5X1/4 R 2.5 2.5 0.2500 1.19 0.692 0.387 0.695 0.692 0.387 0.694 0.0261 0.0116
L2.5X2.5X3/16 R 2.5 2.5 0.1875 0.900 0.535 0.295 0.529 0.535 0.295 0.528 0.0114 0.00510
L2.5X2X3/8 R 2.5 2.0 0.3750 1.55 0.914 0.546 0.982 0.513 0.361 0.657 0.0746 0.0268
L2.5X2X5/16 R 2.5 2.0 0.3125 1.31 0.790 0.465 0.839 0.446 0.309 0.557 0.0444 0.0162
L2.5X2X1/4 R 2.5 2.0 0.2500 1.06 0.656 0.381 0.688 0.372 0.253 0.454 0.0235 0.00868
L2.5X2X3/16 R 2.5 2.0 0.1875 0.809 0.511 0.293 0.529 0.292 0.195 0.347 0.0103 0.00382
L2.5X1.5X1/4 R 2.5 1.5 0.2500 0.938 0.594 0.364 0.644 0.160 0.142 0.261 0.0209 0.00694
L2.5X1.5X3/16 R 2.5 1.5 0.1875 0.715 0.464 0.280 0.497 0.126 0.110 0.198 0.00921 0.00306
L2X2X3/8 R 2.0 2.0 0.3750 1.36 0.476 0.348 0.629 0.476 0.348 0.628 0.0658 0.0174
L2X2X5/16 R 2.0 2.0 0.3125 1.15 0.414 0.298 0.537 0.414 0.298 0.536 0.0393 0.0106
L2X2X1/4 R 2.0 2.0 0.2500 0.938 0.346 0.244 0.440 0.346 0.244 0.440 0.0209 0.00572
L2X2X3/16 R 2.0 2.0 0.1875 0.715 0.271 0.188 0.338 0.271 0.188 0.338 0.00921 0.00254
L2X2X1/8 R 2.0 2.0 0.1250 0.484 0.189 0.129 0.230 0.189 0.129 0.230 0.00293 0.000789
TS
HSS24X12X3/4 R 24 0.698 12 0.698 47.1 3440 287 359 1170 195 221 2850
HSS24X12X5/8 R 24 0.581 12 0.581 39.6 2940 245 304 1000 167 188 2430
HSS24X12X1/2 R 24 0.465 12 0.465 32.1 2420 202 248 829 138 154 1980
HSS22X22X7/8 R 22 0.814 22 0.814 67.3 4970 452 530 4970 452 530 7890
HSS22X22X3/4 R 22 0.698 22 0.698 58.2 4350 395 462 4350 395 462 6860
HSS20X20X7/8 R 20 0.814 20 0.814 60.8 3670 367 433 3670 367 433 5870
HSS20X20X3/4 R 20 0.698 20 0.698 52.6 3230 323 378 3230 323 378 5110
HSS20X20X5/8 R 20 0.581 20 0.581 44.3 2750 275 320 2750 275 320 4320
HSS20X20X1/2 R 20 0.465 20 0.465 35.8 2260 226 261 2260 226 261 3510
HSS20X12X3/4 R 20 0.698 12 0.698 41.5 2190 219 270 988 165 190 2220
HSS20X12X5/8 R 20 0.581 12 0.581 35.0 1880 188 230 851 142 162 1890
HSS20X12X1/2 R 20 0.465 12 0.465 28.3 1550 155 188 705 117 132 1540
HSS20X12X3/8 R 20 0.349 12 0.349 21.5 1200 120 144 547 91.1 102 1180
HSS20X12X5/16 R 20 0.291 12 0.291 18.1 1010 101 122 464 77.3 85.8 997
HSS20X8X5/8 R 20 0.581 8 0.581 30.3 1440 144 185 338 84.6 96.4 916
HSS20X8X1/2 R 20 0.465 8 0.465 24.6 1190 119 152 283 70.8 79.5 757
HSS20X8X3/8 R 20 0.349 8 0.349 18.7 926 92.6 117 222 55.6 61.5 586
HSS20X8X5/16 R 20 0.291 8 0.291 15.7 786 78.6 98.6 189 47.4 52.0 496
HSS20X4X1/2 R 20 0.465 4 0.465 20.9 838 83.8 115 58.7 29.3 34.0 195
HSS20X4X3/8 R 20 0.349 4 0.349 16.0 657 65.7 89.3 47.6 23.8 26.8 156
HSS20X4X5/16 R 20 0.291 4 0.291 13.4 560 56.0 75.6 41.2 20.6 22.9 134
HSS20X4X1/4 R 20 0.233 4 0.233 10.8 458 45.8 61.5 34.3 17.1 18.7 111
HSS18X18X7/8 R 18 0.814 18 0.814 54.3 2630 292 346 2630 292 346 4220
HSS18X18X3/4 R 18 0.698 18 0.698 47.1 2320 258 302 2320 258 302 3690
HSS18X18X5/8 R 18 0.581 18 0.581 39.6 1980 220 257 1980 220 257 3120
HSS18X18X1/2 R 18 0.465 18 0.465 32.1 1630 181 210 1630 181 210 2540
HSS18X6X5/8 R 18 0.581 6 0.581 25.7 923 103 135 158 52.7 61.0 462
HSS18X6X1/2 R 18 0.465 6 0.465 20.9 770 85.6 112 134 44.6 50.7 387
HSS18X6X3/8 R 18 0.349 6 0.349 16.0 602 66.9 86.4 106 35.5 39.5 302
HSS18X6X5/16 R 18 0.291 6 0.291 13.4 513 57.0 73.1 91.3 30.4 33.5 257
HSS18X6X1/4 R 18 0.233 6 0.233 10.8 419 46.5 59.4 75.1 25.0 27.3 210
HSS16X16X7/8 R 16 0.814 16 0.814 47.7 1800 225 268 1800 225 268 2920
HSS16X16X3/4 R 16 0.698 16 0.698 41.5 1590 199 235 1590 199 235 2560
HSS16X16X5/8 R 16 0.581 16 0.581 35.0 1370 171 200 1370 171 200 2170
HSS16X16X1/2 R 16 0.465 16 0.465 28.3 1130 141 164 1130 141 164 1770
HSS16X16X3/8 R 16 0.349 16 0.349 21.5 873 109 126 873 109 126 1350
HSS16X16X5/16 R 16 0.291 16 0.291 18.1 739 92.3 106 739 92.3 106 1140
HSS16X12X3/4 R 16 0.698 12 0.698 35.9 1270 159 193 810 135 158 1610
HSS16X12X5/8 R 16 0.581 12 0.581 30.3 1090 136 165 700 117 135 1370
HSS16X12X1/2 R 16 0.465 12 0.465 24.6 904 113 135 581 96.8 111 1120
HSS16X12X3/8 R 16 0.349 12 0.349 18.7 702 87.7 104 452 75.3 85.5 862
HSS16X12X5/16 R 16 0.291 12 0.291 15.7 595 74.4 87.7 384 64.0 72.2 727
HSS16X8X5/8 R 16 0.581 8 0.581 25.7 815 102 129 274 68.6 79.2 681
HSS16X8X1/2 R 16 0.465 8 0.465 20.9 679 84.9 106 230 57.6 65.5 563
HSS16X8X3/8 R 16 0.349 8 0.349 16.0 531 66.3 82.1 181 45.3 50.8 436
HSS16X8X5/16 R 16 0.291 8 0.291 13.4 451 56.4 69.4 155 38.7 43.0 369
HSS16X8X1/4 R 16 0.233 8 0.233 10.8 368 46.1 56.4 127 31.7 35.0 300
HSS16X4X5/8 R 16 0.581 4 0.581 21.0 539 67.3 92.9 54.1 27.0 32.5 174
HSS16X4X1/2 R 16 0.465 4 0.465 17.2 455 56.9 77.3 47.0 23.5 27.4 150
HSS16X4X3/8 R 16 0.349 4 0.349 13.2 360 45.0 60.2 38.3 19.1 21.7 120
HSS16X4X5/16 R 16 0.291 4 0.291 11.1 308 38.5 51.1 33.2 16.6 18.5 103
HSS16X4X1/4 R 16 0.233 4 0.233 8.96 253 31.6 41.7 27.7 13.8 15.2 85.2
HSS16X4X3/16 R 16 0.174 4 0.174 6.76 193 24.2 31.7 21.5 10.8 11.7 65.5
HSS14X14X7/8 R 14 0.814 14 0.814 41.2 1170 167 201 1170 167 201 1910
HSS14X14X3/4 R 14 0.698 14 0.698 35.9 1040 149 177 1040 149 177 1680
HSS14X14X5/8 R 14 0.581 14 0.581 30.3 897 128 151 897 128 151 1430
HSS14X14X1/2 R 14 0.465 14 0.465 24.6 743 106 124 743 106 124 1170
HSS14X14X3/8 R 14 0.349 14 0.349 18.7 577 82.5 95.4 577 82.5 95.4 900
HSS14X14X5/16 R 14 0.291 14 0.291 15.7 490 69.9 80.5 490 69.9 80.5 759
HSS14X10X5/8 R 14 0.581 10 0.581 25.7 687 98.2 120 407 81.5 95.1 832
HSS14X10X1/2 R 14 0.465 10 0.465 20.9 573 81.8 98.8 341 68.1 78.5 685
HSS14X10X3/8 R 14 0.349 10 0.349 16.0 447 63.9 76.3 267 53.4 60.7 528
HSS14X10X5/16 R 14 0.291 10 0.291 13.4 380 54.3 64.6 227 45.5 51.4 446
HSS14X10X1/4 R 14 0.233 10 0.233 10.8 310 44.3 52.4 186 37.2 41.8 362
HSS14X6X5/8 R 14 0.581 6 0.581 21.0 478 68.3 88.7 124 41.2 48.4 334
HSS14X6X1/2 R 14 0.465 6 0.465 17.2 402 57.4 73.6 105 35.1 40.4 279
HSS14X6X3/8 R 14 0.349 6 0.349 13.2 317 45.3 57.3 84.1 28.0 31.6 219
HSS14X6X5/16 R 14 0.291 6 0.291 11.1 271 38.7 48.6 72.3 24.1 26.9 186
HSS14X6X1/4 R 14 0.233 6 0.233 8.96 222 31.7 39.6 59.6 19.9 22.0 152
HSS14X6X3/16 R 14 0.174 6 0.174 6.76 170 24.3 30.1 45.9 15.3 16.7 116
HSS14X4X5/8 R 14 0.581 4 0.581 18.7 373 53.3 73.1 47.2 23.6 28.5 148
HSS14X4X1/2 R 14 0.465 4 0.465 15.3 317 45.3 61.0 41.2 20.6 24.1 127
HSS14X4X3/8 R 14 0.349 4 0.349 11.8 252 36.0 47.8 33.6 16.8 19.1 102
HSS14X4X5/16 R 14 0.291 4 0.291 9.92 216 30.9 40.6 29.2 14.6 16.4 87.7
HSS14X4X1/4 R 14 0.233 4 0.233 8.03 178 25.4 33.2 24.4 12.2 13.5 72.4
HSS14X4X3/16 R 14 0.174 4 0.174 6.06 137 19.5 25.3 19.0 9.48 10.3 55.8
HSS12X12X3/4 R 12 0.698 12 0.698 30.3 631 105 127 631 105 127 1030
HSS12X12X5/8 R 12 0.581 12 0.581 25.7 548 91.4 109 548 91.4 109 885
HSS12X12X1/2 R 12 0.465 12 0.465 20.9 457 76.2 89.6 457 76.2 89.6 728
HSS12X12X3/8 R 12 0.349 12 0.349 16.0 357 59.5 69.2 357 59.5 69.2 561
HSS12X12X5/16 R 12 0.291 12 0.291 13.4 304 50.7 58.6 304 50.7 58.6 474
HSS12X12X1/4 R 12 0.233 12 0.233 10.8 248 41.4 47.6 248 41.4 47.6 384
HSS12X12X3/16 R 12 0.174 12 0.174 8.15 189 31.5 36.0 189 31.5 36.0 290
HSS12X10X1/2 R 12 0.465 10 0.465 19.0 395 65.9 78.8 298 59.7 69.6 545
HSS12X10X3/8 R 12 0.349 10 0.349 14.6 310 51.6 61.1 234 46.9 54.0 421
HSS12X10X5/16 R 12 0.291 10 0.291 12.2 264 44.0 51.7 200 40.0 45.7 356
HSS12X10X1/4 R 12 0.233 10 0.233 9.90 216 36.0 42.1 164 32.7 37.2 289
HSS12X8X5/8 R 12 0.581 8 0.581 21.0 397 66.1 82.1 210 52.5 61.9 454
HSS12X8X1/2 R 12 0.465 8 0.465 17.2 333 55.6 68.1 178 44.4 51.5 377
HSS12X8X3/8 R 12 0.349 8 0.349 13.2 262 43.7 53.0 140 35.1 40.1 293
HSS12X8X5/16 R 12 0.291 8 0.291 11.1 224 37.4 44.9 120 30.1 34.1 248
HSS12X8X1/4 R 12 0.233 8 0.233 8.96 184 30.6 36.6 98.8 24.7 27.8 202
HSS12X8X3/16 R 12 0.174 8 0.174 6.76 140 23.4 27.8 75.7 18.9 21.1 153
HSS12X6X5/8 R 12 0.581 6 0.581 18.7 321 53.4 68.8 107 35.5 42.1 271
HSS12X6X1/2 R 12 0.465 6 0.465 15.3 271 45.2 57.4 91.1 30.4 35.2 227
HSS12X6X3/8 R 12 0.349 6 0.349 11.8 215 35.9 44.8 72.9 24.3 27.7 178
HSS12X6X5/16 R 12 0.291 6 0.291 9.92 184 30.7 38.1 62.8 20.9 23.6 152
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HSS5X4X3/8 R 5 0.349 4 0.349 5.48 17.9 7.17 8.96 12.6 6.30 7.67 24.9
HSS5X4X5/16 R 5 0.291 4 0.291 4.68 15.8 6.32 7.79 11.1 5.57 6.67 21.7
HSS5X4X1/4 R 5 0.233 4 0.233 3.84 13.4 5.35 6.49 9.46 4.73 5.57 18.0
HSS5X4X3/16 R 5 0.174 4 0.174 2.93 10.6 4.22 5.05 7.48 3.74 4.34 14.0
HSS5X4X1/8 R 5 0.116 4 0.116 2.00 7.42 2.97 3.50 5.27 2.64 3.01 9.66
HSS5X3X1/2 R 5 0.465 3 0.465 6.02 16.4 6.57 8.83 7.18 4.78 6.10 17.6
HSS5X3X3/8 R 5 0.349 3 0.349 4.78 14.1 5.65 7.34 6.25 4.16 5.10 14.9
HSS5X3X5/16 R 5 0.291 3 0.291 4.10 12.6 5.03 6.42 5.60 3.73 4.48 13.1
HSS5X3X1/4 R 5 0.233 3 0.233 3.37 10.7 4.29 5.38 4.81 3.21 3.77 11.0
HSS5X3X3/16 R 5 0.174 3 0.174 2.58 8.53 3.41 4.21 3.85 2.57 2.96 8.64
HSS5X3X1/8 R 5 0.116 3 0.116 1.77 6.03 2.41 2.93 2.75 1.83 2.07 6.02
HSS5X2.5X1/4 R 5 0.233 2.5 0.233 3.14 9.40 3.76 4.83 3.13 2.50 2.95 7.93
HSS5X2.5X3/16 R 5 0.174 2.5 0.174 2.41 7.51 3.01 3.79 2.53 2.03 2.33 6.26
HSS5X2.5X1/8 R 5 0.116 2.5 0.116 1.65 5.34 2.14 2.65 1.82 1.46 1.64 4.40
HSS5X2X3/8 R 5 0.349 2 0.349 4.09 10.4 4.14 5.71 2.28 2.28 2.88 6.61
HSS5X2X5/16 R 5 0.291 2 0.291 3.52 9.35 3.74 5.05 2.10 2.10 2.57 5.99
HSS5X2X1/4 R 5 0.233 2 0.233 2.91 8.08 3.23 4.27 1.84 1.84 2.20 5.17
HSS5X2X3/16 R 5 0.174 2 0.174 2.24 6.50 2.60 3.37 1.51 1.51 1.75 4.15
HSS5X2X1/8 R 5 0.116 2 0.116 1.54 4.65 1.86 2.37 1.10 1.10 1.24 2.95
HSS4.5X4.5X1/2 R 4.5 0.465 4.5 0.465 6.95 18.1 8.03 10.2 18.1 8.03 10.2 31.3
HSS4.5X4.5X3/8 R 4.5 0.349 4.5 0.349 5.48 15.3 6.79 8.36 15.3 6.79 8.36 25.7
HSS4.5X4.5X5/16 R 4.5 0.291 4.5 0.291 4.68 13.5 6.00 7.27 13.5 6.00 7.27 22.3
HSS4.5X4.5X1/4 R 4.5 0.233 4.5 0.233 3.84 11.4 5.08 6.06 11.4 5.08 6.06 18.5
HSS4.5X4.5X3/16 R 4.5 0.174 4.5 0.174 2.93 9.02 4.01 4.71 9.02 4.01 4.71 14.4
HSS4.5X4.5X1/8 R 4.5 0.116 4.5 0.116 2.00 6.35 2.82 3.27 6.35 2.82 3.27 9.92
HSS4X4X1/2 R 4 0.465 4 0.465 6.02 11.9 5.97 7.70 11.9 5.97 7.70 21.0
HSS4X4X3/8 R 4 0.349 4 0.349 4.78 10.3 5.13 6.39 10.3 5.13 6.39 17.5
HSS4X4X5/16 R 4 0.291 4 0.291 4.10 9.14 4.57 5.59 9.14 4.57 5.59 15.3
HSS4X4X1/4 R 4 0.233 4 0.233 3.37 7.80 3.90 4.69 7.80 3.90 4.69 12.8
HSS4X4X3/16 R 4 0.174 4 0.174 2.58 6.21 3.10 3.67 6.21 3.10 3.67 10.0
HSS4X4X1/8 R 4 0.116 4 0.116 1.77 4.40 2.20 2.56 4.40 2.20 2.56 6.91
HSS4X3X3/8 R 4 0.349 3 0.349 4.09 7.93 3.97 5.12 5.01 3.34 4.18 10.6
HSS4X3X5/16 R 4 0.291 3 0.291 3.52 7.14 3.57 4.51 4.52 3.02 3.69 9.41
HSS4X3X1/4 R 4 0.233 3 0.233 2.91 6.15 3.07 3.81 3.91 2.61 3.12 7.96
HSS4X3X3/16 R 4 0.174 3 0.174 2.24 4.93 2.47 3.00 3.16 2.10 2.46 6.26
HSS4X3X1/8 R 4 0.116 3 0.116 1.54 3.52 1.76 2.11 2.27 1.51 1.73 4.38
HSS4X2.5X3/8 R 4 0.349 2.5 0.349 3.74 6.77 3.38 4.48 3.17 2.54 3.20 7.57
HSS4X2.5X5/16 R 4 0.291 2.5 0.291 3.23 6.13 3.07 3.97 2.89 2.32 2.85 6.77
HSS4X2.5X1/4 R 4 0.233 2.5 0.233 2.67 5.32 2.66 3.38 2.53 2.02 2.43 5.78
HSS4X2.5X3/16 R 4 0.174 2.5 0.174 2.06 4.30 2.15 2.67 2.06 1.65 1.93 4.59
HSS4X2.5X1/8 R 4 0.116 2.5 0.116 1.42 3.09 1.54 1.88 1.49 1.19 1.36 3.23
HSS4X2X3/8 R 4 0.349 2 0.349 3.39 5.60 2.80 3.84 1.80 1.80 2.31 4.83
HSS4X2X5/16 R 4 0.291 2 0.291 2.94 5.13 2.56 3.43 1.67 1.67 2.08 4.40
HSS4X2X1/4 R 4 0.233 2 0.233 2.44 4.49 2.25 2.94 1.48 1.48 1.79 3.82
HSS4X2X3/16 R 4 0.174 2 0.174 1.89 3.66 1.83 2.34 1.22 1.22 1.43 3.08
HSS4X2X1/8 R 4 0.116 2 0.116 1.30 2.65 1.32 1.66 0.898 0.898 1.02 2.20
HSS3.5X3.5X3/8 R 3.5 0.349 3.5 0.349 4.09 6.49 3.71 4.69 6.49 3.71 4.69 11.2
HSS3.5X3.5X5/16 R 3.5 0.291 3.5 0.291 3.52 5.84 3.34 4.14 5.84 3.34 4.14 9.89
HSS3.5X3.5X1/4 R 3.5 0.233 3.5 0.233 2.91 5.04 2.88 3.50 5.04 2.88 3.50 8.35
HSS3.5X3.5X3/16 R 3.5 0.174 3.5 0.174 2.24 4.05 2.31 2.76 4.05 2.31 2.76 6.56
HSS3.5X3.5X1/8 R 3.5 0.116 3.5 0.116 1.54 2.90 1.66 1.93 2.90 1.66 1.93 4.58
HSS3.5X2X1/4 R 3.5 0.233 2 0.233 2.21 3.17 1.81 2.36 1.30 1.30 1.58 3.16
HSS3.5X2X3/16 R 3.5 0.174 2 0.174 1.71 2.61 1.49 1.89 1.08 1.08 1.27 2.55
HSS3.5X2X1/8 R 3.5 0.116 2 0.116 1.19 1.90 1.09 1.34 0.795 0.795 0.912 1.83
HSS3.5X1.5X1/4 R 3.5 0.233 1.5 0.233 1.97 2.55 1.46 1.98 0.638 0.851 1.06 1.79
HSS3.5X1.5X3/16 R 3.5 0.174 1.5 0.174 1.54 2.12 1.21 1.60 0.544 0.725 0.867 1.49
HSS3.5X1.5X1/8 R 3.5 0.116 1.5 0.116 1.07 1.57 0.896 1.15 0.411 0.548 0.630 1.09
HSS3X3X3/8 R 3 0.349 3 0.349 3.39 3.78 2.52 3.25 3.78 2.52 3.25 6.64
HSS3X3X5/16 R 3 0.291 3 0.291 2.94 3.45 2.30 2.90 3.45 2.30 2.90 5.94
HSS3X3X1/4 R 3 0.233 3 0.233 2.44 3.02 2.01 2.48 3.02 2.01 2.48 5.08
HSS3X3X3/16 R 3 0.174 3 0.174 1.89 2.46 1.64 1.97 2.46 1.64 1.97 4.03
HSS3X3X1/8 R 3 0.116 3 0.116 1.30 1.78 1.19 1.40 1.78 1.19 1.40 2.84
HSS3X2.5X5/16 R 3 0.291 2.5 0.291 2.64 2.92 1.94 2.51 2.18 1.74 2.20 4.34
HSS3X2.5X1/4 R 3 0.233 2.5 0.233 2.21 2.57 1.72 2.16 1.93 1.54 1.90 3.74
HSS3X2.5X3/16 R 3 0.174 2.5 0.174 1.71 2.11 1.41 1.73 1.59 1.27 1.52 3.00
HSS3X2.5X1/8 R 3 0.116 2.5 0.116 1.19 1.54 1.03 1.23 1.16 0.931 1.09 2.13
HSS3X2X5/16 R 3 0.291 2 0.291 2.35 2.38 1.59 2.11 1.24 1.24 1.58 2.87
HSS3X2X1/4 R 3 0.233 2 0.233 1.97 2.13 1.42 1.83 1.11 1.11 1.38 2.52
HSS3X2X3/16 R 3 0.174 2 0.174 1.54 1.77 1.18 1.48 0.932 0.932 1.12 2.05
HSS3X2X1/8 R 3 0.116 2 0.116 1.07 1.30 0.867 1.06 0.692 0.692 0.803 1.47
HSS2.5X2.5X5/16 R 2.5 0.291 2.5 0.291 2.35 1.82 1.46 1.88 1.82 1.46 1.88 3.20
HSS2.5X2.5X1/4 R 2.5 0.233 2.5 0.233 1.97 1.63 1.30 1.63 1.63 1.30 1.63 2.79
HSS2.5X2.5X3/16 R 2.5 0.174 2.5 0.174 1.54 1.35 1.08 1.32 1.35 1.08 1.32 2.25
HSS2.5X2.5X1/8 R 2.5 0.116 2.5 0.116 1.07 0.998 0.799 0.947 0.998 0.799 0.947 1.61
HSS2.5X2X1/4 R 2.5 0.233 2 0.233 1.74 1.33 1.06 1.37 0.930 0.930 1.17 1.90
HSS2.5X2X3/16 R 2.5 0.174 2 0.174 1.37 1.12 0.894 1.12 0.786 0.786 0.956 1.55
HSS2.5X2X1/8 R 2.5 0.116 2 0.116 0.956 0.833 0.667 0.809 0.589 0.589 0.694 1.12
HSS2.5X1.5X1/4 R 2.5 0.233 1.5 0.233 1.51 1.03 0.822 1.11 0.449 0.599 0.764 1.10
HSS2.5X1.5X3/16 R 2.5 0.174 1.5 0.174 1.19 0.882 0.705 0.915 0.390 0.520 0.636 0.929
HSS2.5X1.5X1/8 R 2.5 0.116 1.5 0.116 0.840 0.668 0.535 0.671 0.300 0.399 0.469 0.687
HSS2.5X1X3/16 R 2.5 0.174 1 0.174 1.02 0.646 0.517 0.713 0.143 0.285 0.360 0.412
HSS2.5X1X1/8 R 2.5 0.116 1 0.116 0.724 0.503 0.403 0.532 0.115 0.230 0.274 0.322
HSS2X2X1/4 R 2 0.233 2 0.233 1.51 0.747 0.747 0.964 0.747 0.747 0.964 1.31
HSS2X2X3/16 R 2 0.174 2 0.174 1.19 0.641 0.641 0.797 0.641 0.641 0.797 1.09
HSS2X2X1/8 R 2 0.116 2 0.116 0.840 0.486 0.486 0.584 0.486 0.486 0.584 0.796
PIPE
HSS20.000X0.500 R 20.000 0.465 28.500 1360.000 136.000 177.000
HSS20.000X0.375 R 20.000 0.349 21.500 1040.000 104.000 135.000
HSS18.000X0.500 R 18.000 0.465 25.600 985.000 109.000 143.000
HSS18.000X0.375 R 18.000 0.349 19.400 754.000 83.800 109.000
HSS16.000X0.625 R 16.000 0.581 28.100 838.000 105.000 138.000
HSS16.000X0.500 R 16.000 0.465 22.700 685.000 85.700 112.000
HSS16.000X0.438 R 16.000 0.407 19.900 606.000 75.800 99.000
HSS16.000X0.375 R 16.000 0.349 17.200 526.000 65.700 85.500
HSS16.000X0.312 R 16.000 0.291 14.400 443.000 55.400 71.800
HSS16.000X0.250 R 16.000 0.233 11.500 359.000 44.800 57.900
HSS14.000X0.625 R 14.000 0.581 24.500 552.000 78.900 105.000
HSS14.000X0.500 R 14.000 0.465 19.800 453.000 64.800 85.200
HSS14.000X0.375 R 14.000 0.349 15.000 349.000 49.800 65.100
HSS14.000X0.312 R 14.000 0.291 12.500 295.000 42.100 54.700
HSS14.000X0.250 R 14.000 0.233 10.100 239.000 34.100 44.200
HSS12.750X0.500 R 12.750 0.465 17.900 339.000 53.200 70.200
HSS12.750X0.375 R 12.750 0.349 13.600 262.000 41.000 53.700
HSS12.750X0.250 R 12.750 0.233 9.160 180.000 28.200 36.500
HSS10.750X0.500 R 10.750 0.465 15.000 199.000 37.000 49.200
HSS10.750X0.375 R 10.750 0.349 11.400 154.000 28.700 37.800
HSS10.750X0.250 R 10.750 0.233 7.700 106.000 19.800 25.800
HSS10.000X0.625 R 10.000 0.581 17.200 191.000 38.300 51.600
HSS10.000X0.500 R 10.000 0.465 13.900 159.000 31.700 42.300
HSS10.000X0.375 R 10.000 0.349 10.600 123.000 24.700 32.500
HSS10.000X0.312 R 10.000 0.291 8.880 105.000 20.900 27.400
HSS10.000X0.250 R 10.000 0.233 7.150 85.300 17.100 22.200
HSS10.000X0.188 R 10.000 0.174 5.370 64.800 13.000 16.800
HSS9.625X0.500 R 9.625 0.465 13.400 141.000 29.200 39.000
HSS9.625X0.375 R 9.625 0.349 10.200 110.000 22.800 30.000
HSS9.625X0.312 R 9.625 0.291 8.530 93.000 19.300 25.400
HSS9.625X0.250 R 9.625 0.233 6.870 75.900 15.800 20.600
HSS9.625X0.188 R 9.625 0.174 5.170 57.700 12.000 15.500
HSS8.625X0.625 R 8.625 0.581 14.700 119.000 27.700 37.700
HSS8.625X0.500 R 8.625 0.465 11.900 100.000 23.100 31.000
HSS8.625X0.375 R 8.625 0.349 9.070 77.800 18.000 23.900
HSS8.625X0.322 R 8.625 0.300 7.850 68.100 15.800 20.800
HSS8.625X0.250 R 8.625 0.233 6.140 54.100 12.500 16.400
HSS8.625X0.188 R 8.625 0.174 4.620 41.300 9.570 12.400
HSS7.625X0.375 R 7.625 0.349 7.980 52.900 13.900 18.500
HSS7.625X0.328 R 7.625 0.305 7.010 47.100 12.300 16.400
HSS7.500X0.500 R 7.500 0.465 10.300 63.900 17.000 23.000
HSS7.500X0.375 R 7.500 0.349 7.840 50.200 13.400 17.900
HSS7.500X0.312 R 7.500 0.291 6.590 42.900 11.400 15.100
HSS7.500X0.250 R 7.500 0.233 5.320 35.200 9.370 12.300
HSS7.500X0.188 R 7.500 0.174 4.000 26.900 7.170 9.340
HSS7.000X0.500 R 7.000 0.465 9.550 51.200 14.600 19.900
HSS7.000X0.375 R 7.000 0.349 7.290 40.400 11.600 15.500
HSS7.000X0.312 R 7.000 0.291 6.130 34.600 9.880 13.100
HSS7.000X0.250 R 7.000 0.233 4.950 28.400 8.110 10.700
HSS7.000X0.188 R 7.000 0.174 3.730 21.700 6.210 8.110
HSS7.000X0.125 R 7.000 0.116 2.510 14.900 4.250 5.500
HSS6.875X0.500 R 6.875 0.465 9.360 48.300 14.100 19.100
HSS6.875X0.375 R 6.875 0.349 7.160 38.200 11.100 14.900
HSS6.875X0.312 R 6.875 0.291 6.020 32.700 9.510 12.600
HSS6.875X0.250 R 6.875 0.233 4.860 26.800 7.810 10.300
HSS6.875X0.188 R 6.875 0.174 3.660 20.600 5.990 7.810
HSS6.625X0.500 R 6.625 0.465 9.000 42.900 13.000 17.700
HSS6.625X0.432 R 6.625 0.402 7.860 38.200 11.500 15.600
HSS6.625X0.375 R 6.625 0.349 6.880 34.000 10.300 13.800
HSS6.625X0.312 R 6.625 0.291 5.790 29.100 8.790 11.700
HSS6.625X0.280 R 6.625 0.260 5.200 26.400 7.960 10.500
HSS6.625X0.250 R 6.625 0.233 4.680 23.900 7.220 9.520
HSS6.625X0.188 R 6.625 0.174 3.530 18.400 5.540 7.240
HSS6.625X0.125 R 6.625 0.116 2.370 12.600 3.790 4.920
HSS6.000X0.500 R 6.000 0.465 8.090 31.200 10.400 14.300
HSS6.000X0.375 R 6.000 0.349 6.200 24.800 8.280 11.200
HSS6.000X0.312 R 6.000 0.291 5.220 21.300 7.110 9.490
HSS6.000X0.280 R 6.000 0.260 4.690 19.300 6.450 8.570
HSS6.000X0.250 R 6.000 0.233 4.220 17.600 5.860 7.750
HSS6.000X0.188 R 6.000 0.174 3.180 13.500 4.510 5.910
HSS6.000X0.125 R 6.000 0.116 2.140 9.280 3.090 4.020
HSS5.563X0.500 R 5.563 0.465 7.450 24.400 8.770 12.100
HSS5.563X0.375 R 5.563 0.349 5.720 19.500 7.020 9.500
HSS5.563X0.258 R 5.563 0.240 4.010 14.200 5.120 6.800
HSS5.563X0.188 R 5.563 0.174 2.950 10.700 3.850 5.050
HSS5.563X0.134 R 5.563 0.124 2.120 7.840 2.820 3.670
HSS5.500X0.500 R 5.500 0.465 7.360 23.500 8.550 11.800
HSS5.500X0.375 R 5.500 0.349 5.650 18.800 6.840 9.270
HSS5.500X0.258 R 5.500 0.240 3.970 13.700 5.000 6.640
HSS5.000X0.500 R 5.000 0.465 6.620 17.200 6.880 9.600
HSS5.000X0.375 R 5.000 0.349 5.100 13.900 5.550 7.560
HSS5.000X0.312 R 5.000 0.291 4.300 12.000 4.790 6.460
HSS5.000X0.258 R 5.000 0.240 3.590 10.200 4.080 5.440
HSS5.000X0.250 R 5.000 0.233 3.490 9.940 3.970 5.300
HSS5.000X0.188 R 5.000 0.174 2.640 7.690 3.080 4.050
HSS5.000X0.125 R 5.000 0.116 1.780 5.310 2.120 2.770
HSS4.500X0.375 R 4.500 0.349 4.550 9.870 4.390 6.030
HSS4.500X0.337 R 4.500 0.313 4.120 9.070 4.030 5.500
HSS4.500X0.237 R 4.500 0.220 2.960 6.790 3.020 4.030
HSS4.500X0.188 R 4.500 0.174 2.360 5.540 2.460 3.260
HSS4.500X0.125 R 4.500 0.116 1.600 3.840 1.710 2.230
HSS4.000X0.313 R 4.000 0.291 3.390 5.870 2.930 4.010
HSS4.000X0.250 R 4.000 0.233 2.760 4.910 2.450 3.310
HSS4.000X0.237 R 4.000 0.220 2.610 4.680 2.340 3.150
HSS4.000X0.226 R 4.000 0.210 2.500 4.500 2.250 3.020
HSS4.000X0.220 R 4.000 0.205 2.440 4.410 2.210 2.960
HSS4.000X0.188 R 4.000 0.174 2.090 3.830 1.920 2.550
HSS4.000X0.125 R 4.000 0.116 1.420 2.670 1.340 1.750
HSS3.500X0.313 R 3.500 0.291 2.930 3.810 2.180 3.000
HSS3.500X0.300 R 3.500 0.279 2.820 3.690 2.110 2.900
HSS3.500X0.250 R 3.500 0.233 2.390 3.210 1.830 2.490
HSS3.500X0.216 R 3.500 0.201 2.080 2.840 1.630 2.190
HSS3.500X0.203 R 3.500 0.189 1.970 2.700 1.540 2.070
HSS3.500X0.188 R 3.500 0.174 1.820 2.520 1.440 1.930
HSS3.500X0.125 R 3.500 0.116 1.230 1.770 1.010 1.330
HSS3.000X0.250 R 3.000 0.233 2.030 1.950 1.300 1.790
HSS3.000X0.216 R 3.000 0.201 1.770 1.740 1.160 1.580
HSS3.000X0.203 R 3.000 0.189 1.670 1.660 1.100 1.500
HSS3.000X0.188 R 3.000 0.174 1.540 1.550 1.030 1.390
HSS3.000X0.152 R 3.000 0.141 1.270 1.300 0.865 1.150
HSS3.000X0.134 R 3.000 0.124 1.120 1.160 0.774 1.030
HSS3.000X0.125 R 3.000 0.116 1.050 1.090 0.730 0.965
HSS2.875X0.250 R 2.875 0.233 1.930 1.700 1.180 1.630
HSS2.875X0.203 R 2.875 0.189 1.590 1.450 1.010 1.370
HSS2.875X0.188 R 2.875 0.174 1.480 1.350 0.941 1.270
HSS2.875X0.125 R 2.875 0.116 1.010 0.958 0.667 0.884
HSS2.500X0.250 R 2.500 0.233 1.660 1.080 0.862 1.200
HSS2.500X0.188 R 2.500 0.174 1.270 0.865 0.692 0.943
HSS2.500X0.125 R 2.500 0.116 0.869 0.619 0.495 0.660
HSS2.375X0.250 R 2.375 0.233 1.570 0.910 0.766 1.070
HSS2.375X0.218 R 2.375 0.203 1.390 0.824 0.694 0.960
HSS2.375X0.188 R 2.375 0.174 1.200 0.733 0.617 0.845
HSS2.375X0.154 R 2.375 0.143 1.000 0.627 0.528 0.713
HSS2.375X0.125 R 2.375 0.116 0.823 0.527 0.443 0.592
HSS1.900X0.188 R 1.900 0.174 0.943 0.355 0.374 0.520
HSS1.900X0.145 R 1.900 0.135 0.749 0.293 0.309 0.421
HSS1.900X0.120 R 1.900 0.111 0.624 0.251 0.264 0.356
HSS1.660X0.140 R 1.660 0.130 0.625 0.184 0.222 0.305
Pipe1/2Std R 0.840 0.101 0.230 0.016 0.0388 0.0555
Pipe3/4Std R 1.050 0.105 0.310 0.035 0.0671 0.0942
Pipe1Std R 1.315 0.124 0.460 0.083 0.1260 0.1770
Pipe1-1/4Std R 1.660 0.130 0.620 0.184 0.2220 0.3050
Pipe1-1/2Std R 1.900 0.135 0.750 0.293 0.3090 0.4210
Pipe2Std R 2.375 0.143 1.000 0.627 0.5280 0.7130
Pipe2-1/2Std R 2.875 0.189 1.590 1.450 1.0100 1.3700
Pipe3Std R 3.500 0.201 2.080 2.850 1.6300 2.1900
Pipe3-1/2Std R 4.000 0.211 2.510 4.520 2.2600 3.0300
Pipe4Std R 4.500 0.221 2.970 6.820 3.0300 4.0500
Pipe5Std R 5.563 0.241 4.030 14.300 5.1400 6.8300
Pipe6Std R 6.625 0.261 5.220 26.500 7.9900 10.6000
Pipe8Std R 8.625 0.300 7.850 68.100 15.8000 20.8000
Pipe10Std R 10.750 0.340 11.100 151.000 28.1000 36.9000
Pipe12Std R 12.750 0.349 13.600 262.000 41.0000 53.7000
Pipe1/2XS R 0.840 0.137 0.300 0.019 0.0462 0.0686
Pipe3/4XS R 1.050 0.143 0.410 0.043 0.0818 0.1190
Pipe1XS R 1.315 0.166 0.600 0.101 0.1540 0.2210
Pipe1-1/4XS R 1.660 0.178 0.830 0.231 0.2780 0.3930
Pipe1-1/2XS R 1.900 0.186 1.000 0.372 0.3920 0.5490
Pipe2XS R 2.375 0.204 1.390 0.827 0.6960 0.9640
Pipe2-1/2XS R 2.875 0.257 2.110 1.830 1.2700 1.7700
Pipe3XS R 3.500 0.280 2.830 3.700 2.1100 2.9100
Pipe3-1/2XS R 4.000 0.296 3.440 5.940 2.9700 4.0700
Pipe4XS R 4.500 0.315 4.140 9.120 4.0500 5.5300
Pipe5XS R 5.563 0.349 5.720 19.500 7.0200 9.5000
Pipe6XS R 6.625 0.403 7.880 38.300 11.6000 15.6000
Pipe8XS R 8.625 0.465 11.900 100.000 23.1000 31.0000
Pipe10XS R 10.750 0.465 15.000 199.000 37.0000 49.2000
Pipe12XS R 12.750 0.465 17.900 339.000 53.2000 70.2000
Pipe2XXS R 2.375 0.406 2.510 1.270 1.0700 1.6000
Pipe2-1/2XXS R 2.875 0.514 3.810 2.780 1.9400 2.9100
Pipe3XXS R 3.500 0.559 5.160 5.790 3.3100 4.8900
Pipe4XXS R 4.500 0.628 7.640 14.700 6.5300 9.5000
Pipe5XXS R 5.563 0.699 10.700 32.200 11.6000 16.7000
Pipe6XXS R 6.625 0.805 14.700 63.500 19.2000 27.4000
Pipe8XXS R 8.625 0.816 20.000 154.000 35.8000 49.9000
TEE
WT22X167.5 R 22.0 1.030 15.9 1.770 2.560 49.200 2170.000 0.00 131.000 234.000 600.0000 75.2000 118.000 37.20000 438.000000
WT22X145 R 21.8 0.865 15.8 1.580 2.370 42.700 1830.000 0.00 111.000 196.000 521.0000 65.9000 102.000 25.40000 275.000000
WT22X131 R 21.7 0.785 15.8 1.420 2.210 38.400 1640.000 0.00 99.400 176.000 462.0000 58.6000 90.900 18.60000 200.000000
WT22X115 R 21.5 0.710 15.8 1.220 2.010 33.800 1440.000 0.00 88.600 157.000 398.0000 50.5000 78.300 12.40000 139.000000
WT20X296.5 R 21.5 1.790 16.7 3.230 4.410 87.200 3310.000 0.00 209.000 379.000 1260.0000 151.0000 240.000 221.00000 2340.000000
WT20X251.5 R 21.0 1.540 16.4 2.760 3.940 73.900 2730.000 0.00 174.000 314.000 1020.0000 124.0000 197.000 138.00000 1400.000000
WT20X215.5 R 20.6 1.340 16.2 2.360 3.540 63.400 2290.000 0.00 148.000 266.000 843.0000 104.0000 164.000 88.20000 881.000000
WT20X198.5 R 20.5 1.220 16.1 2.200 3.380 58.400 2070.000 0.00 134.000 240.000 771.0000 95.7000 150.000 70.60000 677.000000
WT20X186 R 20.3 1.160 16.1 2.050 3.230 54.600 1930.000 0.00 126.000 225.000 709.0000 88.3000 138.000 57.70000 558.000000
WT20X181 R 20.3 1.120 16.0 2.010 3.190 53.300 1870.000 0.00 122.000 217.000 691.0000 86.3000 135.000 54.20000 511.000000
WT20X162 R 20.1 1.000 15.9 1.810 2.990 47.700 1650.000 0.00 108.000 192.000 609.0000 76.6000 119.000 39.60000 362.000000
WT20X148.5 R 19.9 0.930 15.8 1.650 2.830 43.700 1500.000 0.00 98.900 176.000 546.0000 69.0000 107.000 30.50000 279.000000
WT20X138.5 R 19.8 0.830 15.8 1.580 2.760 40.700 1360.000 0.00 88.600 157.000 522.0000 65.9000 102.000 25.70000 218.000000
WT20X124.5 R 19.7 0.750 15.8 1.420 2.600 36.700 1210.000 0.00 79.400 140.000 463.0000 58.8000 90.800 19.00000 158.000000
WT20X107.5 R 19.5 0.650 15.8 1.220 2.400 31.700 1030.000 0.00 68.000 120.000 398.0000 50.5000 77.800 12.40000 101.000000
WT20X99.5 R 19.3 0.650 15.8 1.070 2.250 29.200 988.000 0.00 66.500 117.000 347.0000 44.1000 68.200 9.12000 83.500000
WT20X196 R 20.8 1.420 12.4 2.520 3.700 57.600 2270.000 0.00 153.000 275.000 401.0000 64.9000 106.000 85.40000 796.000000
WT20X165.5 R 20.4 1.220 12.2 2.130 3.310 48.700 1880.000 0.00 128.000 231.000 322.0000 52.9000 85.700 52.50000 484.000000
WT20X163.5 R 20.4 1.180 12.1 2.130 3.310 48.000 1840.000 0.00 125.000 224.000 320.0000 52.7000 85.000 51.40000 449.000000
WT20X147 R 20.2 1.060 12.0 1.930 3.110 43.100 1630.000 0.00 111.000 199.000 281.0000 46.7000 75.000 38.20000 322.000000
WT20X139 R 20.1 1.030 12.0 1.810 2.990 41.000 1550.000 0.00 106.000 191.000 261.0000 43.5000 69.900 32.40000 282.000000
WT20X132 R 20.0 0.960 11.9 1.730 2.910 38.800 1450.000 0.00 99.200 178.000 246.0000 41.3000 66.000 27.90000 233.000000
WT20X117.5 R 19.8 0.830 11.9 1.580 2.760 34.500 1260.000 0.00 85.700 153.000 222.0000 37.3000 59.000 20.60000 156.000000
WT20X105.5 R 19.7 0.750 11.8 1.420 2.600 31.000 1120.000 0.00 76.700 137.000 195.0000 33.0000 52.100 15.20000 113.000000
WT20X91.5 R 19.5 0.650 11.8 1.200 2.400 26.700 955.000 0.00 65.700 117.000 165.0000 28.0000 44.000 9.65000 71.200000
WT20X83.5 R 19.3 0.650 11.8 1.030 2.210 24.600 899.000 0.00 63.700 115.000 141.0000 23.9000 37.800 6.99000 62.900000
WT20X74.5 R 19.1 0.630 11.8 0.830 2.010 21.900 815.000 0.00 59.700 108.000 114.0000 19.4000 30.900 4.66000 51.900000
WT18X400 R 21.0 2.380 18.0 4.290 5.240 118.000 4090.000 0.00 264.000 491.000 2100.0000 234.0000 371.000 525.00000 5810.000000
WT18X326 R 20.2 1.970 17.6 3.540 4.490 96.100 3160.000 0.00 208.000 383.000 1610.0000 184.0000 290.000 295.00000 3070.000000
WT18X264.5 R 19.6 1.610 17.2 2.910 3.860 77.800 2440.000 0.00 164.000 298.000 1240.0000 145.0000 227.000 163.00000 1600.000000
WT18X243.5 R 19.7 1.500 17.1 2.680 3.630 71.700 2220.000 0.00 150.000 272.000 1120.0000 131.0000 206.000 128.00000 1250.000000
WT18X220.5 R 19.1 1.360 17.0 2.440 3.390 64.900 1980.000 0.00 134.000 242.000 997.0000 117.0000 184.000 96.60000 914.000000
WT18X197.5 R 18.9 1.220 16.8 2.200 3.150 58.200 1740.000 0.00 119.000 213.000 877.0000 104.0000 162.000 70.70000 652.000000
WT18X180.5 R 18.7 1.120 16.7 2.010 2.960 53.000 1570.000 0.00 107.000 192.000 786.0000 94.0000 146.000 54.10000 491.000000
WT18X165 R 18.5 1.020 16.6 1.850 2.800 48.500 1410.000 0.00 97.000 173.000 711.0000 85.5000 132.000 42.00000 372.000000
WT18X151 R 18.4 0.945 16.7 1.680 2.630 44.400 1280.000 0.00 88.800 158.000 648.0000 77.8000 120.000 32.10000 285.000000
WT18X141 R 18.3 0.885 16.6 1.570 2.520 41.500 1190.000 0.00 82.600 146.000 599.0000 72.2000 112.000 26.30000 231.000000
WT18X131 R 18.1 0.840 16.6 1.440 2.390 38.500 1110.000 0.00 77.500 137.000 545.0000 65.8000 102.000 20.80000 185.000000
WT18X123.5 R 18.0 0.800 16.5 1.350 2.300 36.300 1040.000 0.00 73.300 129.000 507.0000 61.4000 94.800 17.30000 155.000000
WT18X116 R 18.6 0.870 12.1 1.570 2.320 34.500 978.000 0.00 69.100 122.000 470.0000 57.0000 88.000 14.30000 129.000000
WT18X128 R 18.7 0.960 12.2 1.730 2.480 37.700 1210.000 0.00 87.400 156.000 264.0000 43.2000 68.500 26.40000 205.000000
WT18X115.5 R 18.6 0.870 12.1 1.570 2.320 34.100 1080.000 0.00 78.500 140.000 234.0000 38.6000 60.900 19.70000 151.000000
WT18X105 R 18.3 0.830 12.2 1.360 2.110 30.900 985.000 0.00 73.100 131.000 206.0000 33.8000 53.400 13.90000 119.000000
WT18X97 R 18.2 0.765 12.1 1.260 2.010 28.500 901.000 0.00 67.000 120.000 187.0000 30.9000 48.800 11.10000 92.700000
WT18X91 R 18.2 0.725 12.1 1.180 1.930 26.800 845.000 0.00 63.100 113.000 174.0000 28.8000 45.300 9.20000 77.600000
WT18X85 R 18.1 0.680 12.0 1.100 1.850 25.000 786.000 0.00 58.900 105.000 160.0000 26.6000 41.800 7.51000 63.200000
WT18X80 R 18.0 0.650 12.0 1.020 1.770 23.500 740.000 0.00 55.800 100.000 147.0000 24.6000 38.600 6.17000 53.600000
WT18X75 R 17.9 0.625 12.0 0.940 1.690 22.100 698.000 0.00 53.100 95.500 135.0000 22.5000 35.400 5.04000 46.000000
WT18X67.5 R 17.8 0.600 12.0 0.790 1.540 19.900 637.000 0.00 49.700 90.100 113.0000 18.9000 29.800 3.48000 37.300000
WT16.5X193.5 R 18.0 1.260 16.2 2.280 3.070 57.000 1460.000 0.00 107.000 193.000 810.0000 100.0000 156.000 73.90000 615.000000
WT16.5X177 R 17.8 1.160 16.1 2.090 2.880 52.100 1320.000 0.00 96.800 174.000 729.0000 90.6000 141.000 57.10000 468.000000
WT16.5X159 R 17.6 1.040 16.0 1.890 2.680 46.800 1160.000 0.00 85.800 154.000 645.0000 80.7000 125.000 42.10000 335.000000
WT16.5X145.5 R 17.4 0.960 15.9 1.730 2.520 42.800 1060.000 0.00 78.300 140.000 581.0000 73.1000 113.000 32.50000 256.000000
WT16.5X131.5 R 17.3 0.870 15.8 1.570 2.360 38.700 943.000 0.00 70.200 125.000 517.0000 65.5000 101.000 24.30000 188.000000
WT16.5X120.5 R 17.1 0.830 15.9 1.400 2.190 35.500 872.000 0.00 65.800 116.000 466.0000 58.8000 90.800 18.00000 146.000000
WT16.5X110.5 R 17.0 0.775 15.8 1.280 2.060 32.600 799.000 0.00 60.800 107.000 420.0000 53.2000 82.100 13.90000 113.000000
WT16.5X100.5 R 16.8 0.715 15.7 1.150 1.940 29.600 725.000 0.00 55.500 97.800 375.0000 47.6000 73.300 10.40000 84.900000
WT16.5X84.5 R 16.9 0.670 11.5 1.220 1.920 24.800 649.000 0.00 51.100 90.800 155.0000 27.0000 42.100 8.81000 55.400000
WT16.5X76 R 16.7 0.635 11.6 1.060 1.760 22.400 592.000 0.00 47.400 84.500 136.0000 23.6000 36.900 6.16000 43.000000
WT16.5X70.5 R 16.7 0.605 11.5 0.960 1.660 20.800 552.000 0.00 44.700 79.800 123.0000 21.3000 33.400 4.84000 35.400000
WT16.5X65 R 16.5 0.580 11.5 0.855 1.560 19.200 513.000 0.00 42.100 75.600 109.0000 18.9000 29.700 3.67000 29.300000
WT16.5X59 R 16.4 0.550 11.5 0.740 1.440 17.300 469.000 0.00 39.200 70.800 93.5000 16.3000 25.600 2.64000 23.400000
WT15X195.5 R 16.6 1.360 15.6 2.440 3.230 57.600 1220.000 0.00 96.900 177.000 774.0000 99.2000 155.000 86.30000 636.000000
WT15X178.5 R 16.4 1.240 15.5 2.240 3.030 52.500 1090.000 0.00 87.200 159.000 693.0000 89.6000 140.000 66.60000 478.000000
WT15X163 R 16.2 1.140 15.4 2.050 2.840 47.900 981.000 0.00 78.800 143.000 622.0000 81.0000 126.000 51.20000 361.000000
WT15X146 R 16.0 1.020 15.3 1.850 2.640 42.900 861.000 0.00 69.600 125.000 549.0000 71.9000 111.000 37.50000 257.000000
WT15X130.5 R 15.8 0.930 15.2 1.650 2.440 38.400 765.000 0.00 62.400 112.000 480.0000 63.3000 97.900 26.90000 184.000000
WT15X117.5 R 15.7 0.830 15.1 1.500 2.290 34.600 674.000 0.00 55.100 98.200 427.0000 56.8000 87.500 20.10000 133.000000
WT15X105.5 R 15.5 0.775 15.1 1.320 2.100 31.100 610.000 0.00 50.500 89.500 378.0000 50.1000 77.200 14.10000 96.400000
WT15X95.5 R 15.3 0.710 15.0 1.190 1.970 28.100 549.000 0.00 45.700 80.800 336.0000 44.7000 68.900 10.50000 71.200000
WT15X86.5 R 15.2 0.655 15.0 1.070 1.850 25.500 497.000 0.00 41.700 73.500 299.0000 39.9000 61.400 7.78000 53.000000
WT15X74 R 15.3 0.650 10.5 1.180 1.830 21.700 466.000 0.00 40.600 72.200 114.0000 21.7000 33.900 7.24000 37.600000
WT15X66 R 15.2 0.615 10.5 1.000 1.650 19.400 421.000 0.00 37.400 66.800 98.0000 18.6000 29.200 4.85000 28.500000
WT15X62 R 15.1 0.585 10.5 0.930 1.580 18.200 396.000 0.00 35.300 63.100 90.4000 17.2000 27.000 3.98000 23.900000
WT15X58 R 15.0 0.565 10.5 0.850 1.500 17.100 373.000 0.00 33.700 60.400 82.1000 15.6000 24.600 3.21000 20.500000
WT15X54 R 14.9 0.545 10.5 0.760 1.410 15.900 349.000 0.00 32.000 57.700 73.0000 13.9000 21.900 2.49000 17.300000
WT15X49.5 R 14.8 0.520 10.5 0.670 1.320 14.500 322.000 0.00 30.000 54.400 63.9000 12.2000 19.300 1.88000 14.300000
WT15X45 R 14.8 0.470 10.4 0.610 1.260 13.200 290.000 0.00 27.100 49.000 57.3000 11.0000 17.300 1.41000 10.500000
WT13.5X269.5 R 16.3 1.970 15.3 3.540 4.330 79.300 1530.000 0.00 128.000 242.000 1060.0000 138.0000 218.000 247.00000 1740.000000
WT13.5X184 R 15.2 1.380 14.7 2.480 3.270 54.200 939.000 0.00 81.700 151.000 655.0000 89.3000 140.000 84.50000 532.000000
WT13.5X168 R 15.0 1.260 14.6 2.280 3.070 49.500 839.000 0.00 73.400 135.000 587.0000 80.8000 126.000 65.40000 401.000000
WT13.5X153.5 R 14.8 1.160 14.4 2.090 2.880 45.200 753.000 0.00 66.400 121.000 527.0000 72.9000 113.000 50.50000 304.000000
WT13.5X140.5 R 14.6 1.060 14.4 1.930 2.720 41.400 677.000 0.00 59.900 109.000 477.0000 66.4000 103.000 39.60000 232.000000
WT13.5X129 R 14.5 0.980 14.3 1.770 2.560 38.000 613.000 0.00 54.700 98.900 430.0000 60.2000 93.300 30.70000 178.000000
WT13.5X117.5 R 14.3 0.910 14.2 1.610 2.400 34.700 556.000 0.00 50.000 89.900 384.0000 54.2000 83.800 23.40000 135.000000
WT13.5X108.5 R 14.2 0.830 14.1 1.500 2.290 32.000 502.000 0.00 45.200 81.100 352.0000 49.9000 77.000 18.80000 105.000000
WT13.5X97 R 14.1 0.750 14.0 1.340 2.130 28.600 444.000 0.00 40.300 71.800 309.0000 44.1000 67.800 13.50000 74.300000
WT13.5X89 R 13.9 0.725 14.1 1.190 1.980 26.200 414.000 0.00 38.200 67.700 278.0000 39.4000 60.800 10.00000 57.700000
WT13.5X80.5 R 13.8 0.660 14.0 1.080 1.870 23.800 372.000 0.00 34.400 60.800 248.0000 35.4000 54.500 7.53000 42.700000
WT13.5X73 R 13.7 0.605 14.0 0.975 1.760 21.600 336.000 0.00 31.200 55.000 222.0000 31.7000 48.800 5.62000 31.700000
WT13.5X64.5 R 13.8 0.610 10.0 1.100 1.700 18.900 323.000 0.00 31.000 55.100 92.2000 18.4000 28.800 5.55000 24.000000
WT13.5X57 R 13.6 0.570 10.1 0.930 1.530 16.800 289.000 0.00 28.300 50.400 79.3000 15.8000 24.600 3.65000 17.500000
WT13.5X51 R 13.5 0.515 10.0 0.830 1.430 15.000 258.000 0.00 25.300 45.000 69.6000 13.9000 21.700 2.63000 12.600000
WT13.5X47 R 13.5 0.490 10.0 0.745 1.340 13.800 239.000 0.00 23.800 42.400 62.0000 12.4000 19.400 2.01000 10.200000
WT13.5X42 R 13.4 0.460 10.0 0.640 1.240 12.400 216.000 0.00 21.900 39.200 52.8000 10.6000 16.600 1.40000 7.790000
WT12X185 R 14.0 1.520 13.7 2.720 3.220 54.400 779.000 0.00 74.700 140.000 581.0000 85.1000 133.000 100.00000 553.000000
WT12X167.5 R 13.8 1.380 13.5 2.480 2.980 49.200 686.000 0.00 66.300 123.000 513.0000 75.9000 119.000 75.60000 405.000000
WT12X153 R 13.6 1.260 13.4 2.280 2.780 44.900 611.000 0.00 59.400 110.000 460.0000 68.6000 107.000 58.40000 305.000000
WT12X139.5 R 13.4 1.160 13.3 2.090 2.590 41.000 546.000 0.00 53.600 98.800 412.0000 61.9000 96.300 45.10000 230.000000
WT12X125 R 13.2 1.040 13.2 1.890 2.390 36.800 478.000 0.00 47.200 86.500 362.0000 54.9000 85.200 33.20000 165.000000
WT12X114.5 R 13.0 0.960 13.1 1.730 2.230 33.600 431.000 0.00 42.900 78.100 326.0000 49.7000 77.000 25.50000 125.000000
WT12X103.5 R 12.9 0.870 13.0 1.570 2.070 30.400 382.000 0.00 38.300 69.300 289.0000 44.4000 68.600 19.10000 91.300000
WT12X96 R 12.7 0.810 13.0 1.460 1.960 28.100 350.000 0.00 35.200 63.500 265.0000 40.9000 63.100 15.30000 72.500000
WT12X88 R 12.6 0.750 12.9 1.340 1.840 25.800 319.000 0.00 32.200 57.800 240.0000 37.2000 57.300 11.90000 55.800000
WT12X81 R 12.5 0.705 13.0 1.220 1.720 23.900 293.000 0.00 29.900 53.300 221.0000 34.2000 52.600 9.22000 43.800000
WT12X73 R 12.4 0.650 12.9 1.090 1.590 21.500 264.000 0.00 27.200 48.200 195.0000 30.3000 46.600 6.70000 31.900000
WT12X65.5 R 12.2 0.605 12.9 0.960 1.460 19.300 238.000 0.00 24.800 43.900 170.0000 26.5000 40.700 4.74000 23.100000
WT12X58.5 R 12.1 0.550 12.8 0.850 1.350 17.200 212.000 0.00 22.300 39.200 149.0000 23.2000 35.700 3.35000 16.400000
WT12X52 R 12.0 0.500 12.8 0.750 1.250 15.300 189.000 0.00 20.000 35.100 130.0000 20.3000 31.200 2.35000 11.600000
WT12X51.5 R 12.3 0.550 9.00 0.980 1.480 15.100 204.000 0.00 22.000 39.200 59.7000 13.3000 20.700 3.53000 12.300000
WT12X47 R 12.2 0.515 9.07 0.875 1.380 13.800 186.000 0.00 20.300 36.100 54.5000 12.0000 18.700 2.62000 9.570000
WT12X42 R 12.1 0.470 9.02 0.770 1.270 12.400 166.000 0.00 18.300 32.500 47.2000 10.5000 16.300 1.84000 6.900000
WT12X38 R 12.0 0.440 8.99 0.680 1.180 11.200 151.000 0.00 16.900 30.100 41.3000 9.1800 14.300 1.34000 5.300000
WT12X34 R 11.9 0.415 8.97 0.585 1.090 10.000 137.000 0.00 15.600 27.900 35.2000 7.8500 12.300 0.93200 4.080000
WT12X31 R 11.9 0.430 7.04 0.590 1.190 9.110 131.000 0.00 15.600 28.400 17.2000 4.9000 7.850 0.85000 3.920000
WT12X27.5 R 11.8 0.395 7.01 0.505 1.010 8.100 117.000 0.00 14.100 25.600 14.5000 4.1500 6.650 0.58800 2.930000
WT10.5X100.5 R 11.5 0.910 12.6 1.630 2.130 29.600 285.000 0.00 31.900 58.600 271.0000 43.1000 66.500 20.40000 85.400000
WT10.5X91 R 11.4 0.830 12.5 1.480 1.980 26.800 253.000 0.00 28.500 52.100 241.0000 38.6000 59.500 15.30000 63.000000
WT10.5X83 R 11.2 0.750 12.4 1.360 1.860 24.400 226.000 0.00 25.500 46.300 217.0000 35.0000 53.900 11.80000 47.300000
WT10.5X73.5 R 11.0 0.720 12.5 1.150 1.650 21.600 204.000 0.00 23.700 42.400 188.0000 30.0000 46.300 7.69000 32.500000
WT10.5X66 R 10.9 0.650 12.4 1.040 1.540 19.400 181.000 0.00 21.100 37.600 166.0000 26.7000 41.100 5.62000 23.400000
WT10.5X61 R 10.8 0.600 12.4 0.960 1.460 17.900 166.000 0.00 19.300 34.300 152.0000 24.6000 37.800 4.47000 18.400000
WT10.5X55.5 R 10.8 0.550 12.3 0.875 1.380 16.300 150.000 0.00 17.500 31.000 137.0000 22.2000 34.100 3.40000 13.800000
WT10.5X50.5 R 10.7 0.500 12.3 0.800 1.300 14.900 135.000 0.00 15.800 27.900 124.0000 20.2000 30.800 2.60000 10.400000
WT10.5X46.5 R 10.8 0.580 8.42 0.930 1.430 13.700 144.000 0.00 17.900 31.800 46.4000 11.0000 17.300 3.01000 9.330000
WT10.5X41.5 R 10.7 0.515 8.36 0.835 1.340 12.200 127.000 0.00 15.700 28.000 40.7000 9.7400 15.200 2.16000 6.500000
WT10.5X36.5 R 10.6 0.455 8.30 0.740 1.240 10.700 110.000 0.00 13.800 24.400 35.3000 8.5100 13.300 1.51000 4.420000
WT10.5X34 R 10.6 0.430 8.27 0.685 1.190 10.000 103.000 0.00 12.900 22.900 32.4000 7.8300 12.200 1.22000 3.620000
WT10.5X31 R 10.5 0.400 8.24 0.615 1.120 9.130 93.800 0.00 11.900 21.100 28.7000 6.9700 10.900 0.91300 2.780000
WT10.5X27.5 R 10.4 0.375 8.22 0.522 1.020 8.100 84.400 0.00 10.900 19.400 24.2000 5.8900 9.180 0.61700 2.080000
WT10.5X24 R 10.3 0.350 8.14 0.430 0.930 7.070 74.900 0.00 9.900 17.800 19.4000 4.7600 7.440 0.40000 1.520000
WT10.5X28.5 R 10.5 0.405 6.56 0.650 1.150 8.370 90.400 0.00 11.800 21.200 15.3000 4.6700 7.400 0.88400 2.500000
WT10.5X25 R 10.4 0.380 6.53 0.535 1.040 7.360 80.300 0.00 10.700 19.400 12.5000 3.8200 6.080 0.57000 1.890000
WT10.5X22 R 10.3 0.350 6.50 0.450 0.950 6.490 71.100 0.00 9.680 17.600 10.3000 3.1800 5.070 0.38300 1.400000
WT9X155.5 R 11.2 1.520 12.0 2.740 3.240 45.800 383.000 0.00 46.600 90.600 398.0000 66.2000 104.000 87.20000 339.000000
WT9X141.5 R 10.9 1.400 11.9 2.500 3.000 41.600 337.000 0.00 41.500 80.200 352.0000 59.2000 92.500 66.50000 251.000000
WT9X129 R 10.7 1.280 11.8 2.300 2.700 37.900 298.000 0.00 37.000 71.000 314.0000 53.4000 83.100 51.10000 189.000000
WT9X117 R 10.5 1.160 11.7 2.110 2.510 34.400 261.000 0.00 32.700 62.400 279.0000 47.9000 74.400 39.10000 140.000000
WT9X105.5 R 10.3 1.060 11.6 1.910 2.310 31.100 229.000 0.00 29.100 55.000 246.0000 42.7000 66.100 29.10000 102.000000
WT9X96 R 10.2 0.960 11.5 1.750 2.150 28.200 202.000 0.00 25.800 48.500 220.0000 38.4000 59.400 22.30000 75.700000
WT9X87.5 R 10.0 0.890 11.4 1.590 1.990 25.700 181.000 0.00 23.400 43.600 196.0000 34.4000 53.100 16.80000 56.500000
WT9X79 R 9.86 0.810 11.3 1.440 1.840 23.200 160.000 0.00 20.800 38.500 174.0000 30.7000 47.400 12.50000 41.200000
WT9X71.5 R 9.75 0.730 11.2 1.320 1.720 21.000 142.000 0.00 18.500 34.000 156.0000 27.7000 42.700 9.58000 30.700000
WT9X65 R 9.63 0.670 11.2 1.200 1.600 19.100 127.000 0.00 16.700 30.500 139.0000 24.9000 38.300 7.23000 22.800000
WT9X59.5 R 9.49 0.655 11.3 1.060 1.460 17.500 119.000 0.00 15.900 28.700 126.0000 22.5000 34.500 5.30000 17.400000
WT9X53 R 9.37 0.590 11.2 0.940 1.340 15.600 104.000 0.00 14.100 25.200 110.0000 19.7000 30.200 3.73000 12.100000
WT9X48.5 R 9.30 0.535 11.1 0.870 1.270 14.300 93.800 0.00 12.700 22.600 100.0000 18.0000 27.600 2.92000 9.290000
WT9X43 R 9.20 0.480 11.1 0.770 1.170 12.700 82.400 0.00 11.200 19.900 87.6000 15.8000 24.200 2.04000 6.420000
WT9X38 R 9.11 0.425 11.0 0.680 1.080 11.200 71.800 0.00 9.830 17.300 76.2000 13.8000 21.100 1.41000 4.370000
WT9X35.5 R 9.24 0.495 7.64 0.810 1.210 10.400 78.200 0.00 11.200 20.000 30.1000 7.8900 12.300 1.74000 3.960000
WT9X32.5 R 9.18 0.450 7.59 0.750 1.150 9.550 70.700 0.00 10.100 18.000 27.4000 7.2200 11.200 1.36000 3.010000
WT9X30 R 9.12 0.415 7.56 0.695 1.100 8.820 64.700 0.00 9.290 16.500 25.0000 6.6300 10.300 1.08000 2.350000
WT9X27.5 R 9.06 0.390 7.53 0.630 1.030 8.100 59.500 0.00 8.630 15.300 22.5000 5.9700 9.260 0.83000 1.840000
WT9X25 R 9.00 0.355 7.50 0.570 0.972 7.330 53.500 0.00 7.790 13.800 20.0000 5.3500 8.280 0.61900 1.360000
WT9X23 R 9.03 0.360 6.06 0.605 1.010 6.770 52.100 0.00 7.770 13.900 11.3000 3.7100 5.840 0.60900 1.200000
WT9X20 R 8.95 0.315 6.02 0.525 0.927 5.880 44.800 0.00 6.730 12.000 9.5500 3.1700 4.970 0.40400 0.788000
WT9X17.5 R 8.85 0.300 6.00 0.425 0.827 5.150 40.100 0.00 6.210 11.200 7.6700 2.5600 4.020 0.25200 0.598000
WT8X50 R 8.49 0.585 10.4 0.985 1.390 14.700 76.800 0.00 11.400 20.700 93.1000 17.9000 27.400 3.85000 10.400000
WT8X44.5 R 8.38 0.525 10.4 0.875 1.580 13.100 67.200 0.00 10.100 18.100 81.3000 15.7000 24.000 2.72000 7.190000
WT8X38.5 R 8.26 0.455 10.3 0.760 1.470 11.300 56.900 0.00 8.590 15.300 69.2000 13.4000 20.500 1.78000 4.610000
WT8X33.5 R 8.17 0.395 10.2 0.665 1.370 9.840 48.600 0.00 7.360 13.000 59.5000 11.6000 17.700 1.19000 3.010000
WT8X28.5 R 8.22 0.430 7.12 0.715 1.120 8.390 48.700 0.00 7.770 13.800 21.6000 6.0600 9.420 1.10000 1.990000
WT8X25 R 8.13 0.380 7.07 0.630 1.030 7.370 42.300 0.00 6.780 12.000 18.6000 5.2600 8.150 0.76000 1.340000
WT8X22.5 R 8.07 0.345 7.04 0.565 0.967 6.630 37.800 0.00 6.100 10.800 16.4000 4.6700 7.220 0.55500 0.974000
WT8X20 R 8.01 0.305 7.00 0.505 0.907 5.890 33.100 0.00 5.350 9.430 14.4000 4.1200 6.360 0.39600 0.673000
WT8X18 R 7.93 0.295 6.99 0.430 0.832 5.290 30.600 0.00 5.050 8.930 12.2000 3.5000 5.420 0.27200 0.516000
WT8X15.5 R 7.94 0.275 5.53 0.440 0.842 4.560 27.500 0.00 4.640 8.270 6.2000 2.2400 3.510 0.23000 0.366000
WT8X13 R 7.85 0.250 5.50 0.345 0.747 3.840 23.500 0.00 4.090 7.360 4.7900 1.7400 2.730 0.13000 0.243000
WT7X365 R 11.2 3.070 17.9 4.910 5.510 107.000 739.000 0.00 95.400 211.000 2360.0000 264.0000 408.000 714.00000 5250.000000
WT7X332.5 R 10.8 2.830 17.7 4.520 5.120 97.800 622.000 0.00 82.100 182.000 2080.0000 236.0000 365.000 555.00000 3920.000000
WT7X302.5 R 10.5 2.600 17.4 4.160 4.760 88.900 524.000 0.00 70.600 157.000 1840.0000 211.0000 326.000 430.00000 2930.000000
WT7X275 R 10.1 2.380 17.2 3.820 4.420 80.900 442.000 0.00 60.900 136.000 1630.0000 189.0000 292.000 331.00000 2180.000000
WT7X250 R 9.80 2.190 17.0 3.500 4.100 73.500 375.000 0.00 52.700 117.000 1440.0000 169.0000 261.000 254.00000 1620.000000
WT7X227.5 R 9.51 2.020 16.8 3.210 3.810 66.900 321.000 0.00 45.900 102.000 1280.0000 152.0000 234.000 196.00000 1210.000000
WT7X213 R 9.34 1.880 16.7 3.040 3.630 62.600 287.000 0.00 41.400 91.700 1180.0000 141.0000 217.000 164.00000 991.000000
WT7X199 R 9.15 1.770 16.6 2.850 3.440 58.500 257.000 0.00 37.600 82.900 1090.0000 131.0000 201.000 135.00000 801.000000
WT7X185 R 8.96 1.660 16.5 2.660 3.260 54.400 229.000 0.00 33.900 74.400 994.0000 121.0000 185.000 110.00000 640.000000
WT7X171 R 8.77 1.540 16.4 2.470 3.070 50.300 203.000 0.00 30.400 66.200 903.0000 110.0000 169.000 88.30000 502.000000
WT7X155.5 R 8.56 1.410 16.2 2.260 2.860 45.700 176.000 0.00 26.700 57.700 807.0000 99.4000 152.000 67.50000 375.000000
WT7X141.5 R 8.37 1.290 16.1 2.070 2.670 41.600 153.000 0.00 23.500 50.400 722.0000 89.7000 137.000 51.80000 281.000000
WT7X128.5 R 8.19 1.180 16.0 1.890 2.490 37.800 133.000 0.00 20.700 43.900 645.0000 80.7000 123.000 39.30000 209.000000
WT7X116.5 R 8.02 1.070 15.9 1.720 2.320 34.200 116.000 0.00 18.200 38.200 576.0000 72.5000 110.000 29.60000 154.000000
WT7X105.5 R 7.86 0.980 15.8 1.560 2.160 31.000 102.000 0.00 16.200 33.400 513.0000 65.0000 98.900 22.20000 113.000000
WT7X96.5 R 7.74 0.890 15.7 1.440 2.040 28.400 89.800 0.00 14.400 29.400 466.0000 59.3000 90.100 17.30000 87.200000
WT7X88 R 7.61 0.830 15.7 1.310 1.910 25.900 80.500 0.00 13.000 26.300 419.0000 53.5000 81.300 13.20000 65.200000
WT7X79.5 R 7.49 0.745 15.6 1.190 1.790 23.400 70.200 0.00 11.400 22.800 374.0000 48.1000 73.000 9.84000 47.900000
WT7X72.5 R 7.39 0.680 15.5 1.090 1.690 21.300 62.500 0.00 10.200 20.200 338.0000 43.7000 66.200 7.56000 36.300000
WT7X66 R 7.33 0.645 14.7 1.030 1.630 19.400 57.800 0.00 9.570 18.600 274.0000 37.2000 56.500 6.13000 26.600000
WT7X60 R 7.24 0.590 14.7 0.940 1.540 17.700 51.700 0.00 8.610 16.500 247.0000 33.7000 51.200 4.67000 20.000000
WT7X54.5 R 7.16 0.525 14.6 0.860 1.460 16.000 45.300 0.00 7.560 14.400 223.0000 30.6000 46.300 3.55000 15.000000
WT7X49.5 R 7.08 0.485 14.6 0.780 1.380 14.600 40.900 0.00 6.880 12.900 201.0000 27.6000 41.800 2.68000 11.100000
WT7X45 R 7.01 0.440 14.5 0.710 1.310 13.200 36.500 0.00 6.160 11.500 181.0000 25.0000 37.800 2.03000 8.310000
WT7X41 R 7.16 0.510 10.1 0.855 1.450 12.000 41.200 0.00 7.140 13.200 74.1000 14.6000 22.400 2.53000 5.630000
WT7X37 R 7.09 0.450 10.1 0.785 1.380 10.900 36.000 0.00 6.250 11.500 66.9000 13.3000 20.200 1.93000 4.190000
WT7X34 R 7.02 0.415 10.0 0.720 1.310 10.000 32.600 0.00 5.690 10.400 60.7000 12.1000 18.400 1.50000 3.210000
WT7X30.5 R 6.95 0.375 10.0 0.645 1.240 8.960 28.900 0.00 5.070 9.150 53.7000 10.7000 16.400 1.09000 2.290000
WT7X26.5 R 6.96 0.370 8.06 0.660 1.250 7.800 27.600 0.00 4.940 8.870 28.8000 7.1500 11.000 0.96700 1.460000
WT7X24 R 6.90 0.340 8.03 0.595 1.190 7.070 24.900 0.00 4.490 8.000 25.7000 6.4000 9.800 0.72300 1.070000
WT7X21.5 R 6.83 0.305 8.00 0.530 1.120 6.310 21.900 0.00 3.980 7.050 22.6000 5.6500 8.640 0.52200 0.751000
WT7X19 R 7.05 0.310 6.77 0.515 0.915 5.580 23.300 0.00 4.220 7.450 13.3000 3.9400 6.070 0.39800 0.554000
WT7X17 R 6.99 0.285 6.75 0.455 0.855 5.000 20.900 0.00 3.830 6.740 11.6000 3.4500 5.320 0.28400 0.400000
WT7X15 R 6.92 0.270 6.73 0.385 0.785 4.420 19.000 0.00 3.550 6.250 9.7900 2.9100 4.490 0.19000 0.287000
WT7X13 R 6.96 0.255 5.03 0.420 0.820 3.850 17.300 0.00 3.310 5.890 4.4500 1.7700 2.760 0.17900 0.207000
WT7X11 R 6.87 0.230 5.00 0.335 0.735 3.250 14.800 0.00 2.910 5.200 3.5000 1.4000 2.190 0.10400 0.134000
WT6X168 R 8.41 1.780 13.4 2.960 3.550 49.400 190.000 0.00 31.200 68.400 593.0000 88.6000 137.000 120.00000 481.000000
WT6X152.5 R 8.16 1.630 13.2 2.710 3.300 44.800 162.000 0.00 27.000 59.100 525.0000 79.3000 122.000 92.00000 356.000000
WT6X139.5 R 7.93 1.530 13.1 2.470 3.070 41.000 141.000 0.00 24.100 51.900 469.0000 71.3000 110.000 70.90000 267.000000
WT6X126 R 7.71 1.400 13.0 2.250 2.850 37.000 121.000 0.00 20.900 44.800 414.0000 63.6000 97.900 53.50000 195.000000
WT6X115 R 7.53 1.290 12.9 2.070 2.670 33.900 106.000 0.00 18.500 39.400 371.0000 57.5000 88.400 41.60000 148.000000
WT6X105 R 7.36 1.180 12.8 1.900 2.500 30.900 92.100 0.00 16.400 34.500 332.0000 51.9000 79.700 32.10000 112.000000
WT6X95 R 7.19 1.060 12.7 1.740 2.330 27.900 79.000 0.00 14.200 29.800 295.0000 46.5000 71.200 24.30000 82.100000
WT6X85 R 7.02 0.960 12.6 1.560 2.160 25.000 67.800 0.00 12.300 25.600 259.0000 41.2000 62.900 17.70000 58.300000
WT6X76 R 6.86 0.870 12.5 1.400 2.000 22.400 58.500 0.00 10.800 22.000 227.0000 36.4000 55.600 12.80000 41.300000
WT6X68 R 6.71 0.790 12.4 1.250 1.850 20.000 50.600 0.00 9.460 19.000 199.0000 32.1000 48.900 9.21000 28.900000
WT6X60 R 6.56 0.710 12.3 1.110 1.700 17.600 43.400 0.00 8.220 16.200 172.0000 28.0000 42.700 6.42000 19.700000
WT6X53 R 6.45 0.610 12.2 0.990 1.590 15.600 36.300 0.00 6.920 13.600 151.0000 24.7000 37.500 4.55000 13.600000
WT6X48 R 6.36 0.550 12.2 0.900 1.500 14.100 32.000 0.00 6.120 11.900 135.0000 22.2000 33.700 3.42000 10.100000
WT6X43.5 R 6.27 0.515 12.1 0.810 1.410 12.800 28.900 0.00 5.600 10.700 120.0000 19.9000 30.200 2.54000 7.340000
WT6X39.5 R 6.19 0.470 12.1 0.735 1.330 11.600 25.800 0.00 5.030 9.490 108.0000 17.9000 27.100 1.91000 5.430000
WT6X36 R 6.13 0.430 12.0 0.670 1.270 10.600 23.200 0.00 4.540 8.480 97.5000 16.2000 24.600 1.46000 4.070000
WT6X32.5 R 6.06 0.390 12.0 0.605 1.200 9.540 20.600 0.00 4.060 7.500 87.2000 14.5000 22.000 1.09000 2.970000
WT6X29 R 6.10 0.360 10.0 0.640 1.240 8.520 19.100 0.00 3.760 6.970 53.5000 10.7000 16.200 1.05000 2.080000
WT6X26.5 R 6.03 0.345 10.0 0.575 1.170 7.780 17.700 0.00 3.540 6.460 47.9000 9.5800 14.500 0.78800 1.530000
WT6X25 R 6.10 0.370 8.08 0.640 1.140 7.300 18.700 0.00 3.790 6.880 28.2000 6.9700 10.600 0.85500 1.230000
WT6X22.5 R 6.03 0.335 8.05 0.575 1.080 6.560 16.600 0.00 3.390 6.100 25.0000 6.2100 9.470 0.62700 0.885000
WT6X20 R 5.97 0.295 8.01 0.515 1.020 5.840 14.400 0.00 2.950 5.280 22.0000 5.5000 8.380 0.45200 0.620000
WT6X17.5 R 6.25 0.300 6.56 0.520 0.820 5.170 16.000 0.00 3.230 5.710 12.2000 3.7300 5.730 0.36900 0.437000
WT6X15 R 6.17 0.260 6.52 0.440 0.740 4.400 13.500 0.00 2.750 4.830 10.2000 3.1200 4.780 0.22800 0.267000
WT6X13 R 6.11 0.230 6.49 0.380 0.680 3.820 11.700 0.00 2.400 4.200 8.6600 2.6700 4.080 0.15000 0.174000
WT6X11 R 6.16 0.260 4.03 0.425 0.725 3.240 11.700 0.00 2.590 4.630 2.3300 1.1500 1.830 0.14600 0.137000
WT6X9.5 R 6.08 0.235 4.01 0.350 0.650 2.790 10.100 0.00 2.280 4.110 1.8800 0.9390 1.490 0.08990 0.093400
WT6X8 R 6.00 0.220 3.99 0.265 0.565 2.360 8.700 0.00 2.040 3.720 1.4100 0.7060 1.130 0.05110 0.067800
WT6X7 R 5.96 0.200 3.97 0.225 0.525 2.080 7.670 0.00 1.830 3.320 1.1800 0.5930 0.947 0.03500 0.049300
WT5X56 R 5.68 0.755 10.4 1.250 1.750 16.500 28.600 0.00 6.400 13.400 118.0000 22.6000 34.600 7.50000 16.900000
WT5X50 R 5.55 0.680 10.3 1.120 1.620 14.700 24.500 0.00 5.560 11.400 103.0000 20.0000 30.500 5.41000 11.900000
WT5X44 R 5.42 0.605 10.3 0.990 1.490 12.900 20.800 0.00 4.770 9.650 89.3000 17.4000 26.500 3.75000 8.020000
WT5X38.5 R 5.30 0.530 10.2 0.870 1.370 11.300 17.400 0.00 4.050 8.060 76.8000 15.1000 22.900 2.55000 5.310000
WT5X34 R 5.20 0.470 10.1 0.770 1.270 10.000 14.900 0.00 3.490 6.850 66.7000 13.2000 20.000 1.78000 3.620000
WT5X30 R 5.11 0.420 10.1 0.680 1.180 8.820 12.900 0.00 3.040 5.870 58.1000 11.5000 17.500 1.23000 2.460000
WT5X27 R 5.05 0.370 10.0 0.615 1.120 7.910 11.100 0.00 2.640 5.050 51.7000 10.3000 15.600 0.90900 1.780000
WT5X24.5 R 4.99 0.340 10.0 0.560 1.060 7.210 10.000 0.00 2.390 4.520 46.7000 9.3400 14.100 0.69300 1.330000
WT5X22.5 R 5.05 0.350 8.02 0.620 1.120 6.630 10.200 0.00 2.470 4.650 26.7000 6.6500 10.100 0.75300 0.981000
WT5X19.5 R 4.96 0.315 7.99 0.530 1.030 5.730 8.840 0.00 2.160 3.990 22.5000 5.6400 8.570 0.48700 0.616000
WT5X16.5 R 4.87 0.290 7.96 0.435 0.935 4.850 7.710 0.00 1.930 3.480 18.3000 4.6000 7.000 0.29100 0.356000
WT5X15 R 5.24 0.300 5.81 0.510 0.810 4.420 9.280 0.00 2.240 4.010 8.3500 2.8700 4.410 0.31000 0.273000
WT5X13 R 5.17 0.260 5.77 0.440 0.740 3.810 7.860 0.00 1.910 3.390 7.0500 2.4400 3.750 0.20100 0.173000
WT5X11 R 5.09 0.240 5.75 0.360 0.660 3.240 6.880 0.00 1.720 3.020 5.7100 1.9900 3.050 0.11900 0.107000
WT5X9.5 R 5.12 0.250 4.02 0.395 0.695 2.810 6.680 0.00 1.740 3.100 2.1500 1.0700 1.670 0.11600 0.079600
WT5X8.5 R 5.06 0.240 4.01 0.330 0.630 2.500 6.060 0.00 1.620 2.900 1.7800 0.8870 1.400 0.07760 0.061000
WT5X7.5 R 5.00 0.230 4.00 0.270 0.570 2.210 5.450 0.00 1.500 2.710 1.4500 0.7230 1.150 0.05180 0.047500
WT5X6 R 4.94 0.190 3.96 0.210 0.510 1.770 4.350 0.00 1.220 2.200 1.0900 0.5510 0.869 0.02720 0.025500
WT4X33.5 R 4.50 0.570 8.28 0.935 1.330 9.840 10.900 0.00 3.050 6.290 44.3000 10.7000 16.300 2.51000 3.560000
WT4X29 R 4.38 0.510 8.22 0.810 1.200 8.540 9.120 0.00 2.610 5.250 37.5000 9.1300 13.900 1.66000 2.280000
WT4X24 R 4.25 0.400 8.11 0.685 1.080 7.050 6.850 0.00 1.970 3.940 30.5000 7.5100 11.400 0.97700 1.300000
WT4X20 R 4.13 0.360 8.07 0.560 0.954 5.870 5.730 0.00 1.690 3.250 24.5000 6.0800 9.240 0.55800 0.715000
WT4X17.5 R 4.06 0.310 8.02 0.495 0.889 5.140 4.820 0.00 1.430 2.710 21.3000 5.3100 8.050 0.38400 0.480000
WT4X15.5 R 4.00 0.285 8.00 0.435 0.829 4.560 4.280 0.00 1.280 2.390 18.5000 4.6400 7.030 0.26700 0.327000
WT4X14 R 4.03 0.285 6.54 0.465 0.859 4.120 4.230 0.00 1.280 2.380 10.8000 3.3100 5.040 0.26800 0.230000
WT4X12 R 3.97 0.245 6.50 0.400 0.794 3.540 3.530 0.00 1.080 1.980 9.1400 2.8100 4.280 0.17300 0.144000
WT4X10.5 R 4.14 0.250 5.27 0.400 0.700 3.080 3.900 0.00 1.180 2.110 4.8800 1.8500 2.840 0.14100 0.091600
WT4X9 R 4.07 0.230 5.25 0.330 0.630 2.630 3.410 0.00 1.050 1.860 3.9800 1.5200 2.330 0.08550 0.056200
WT4X7.5 R 4.06 0.245 4.02 0.315 0.615 2.220 3.280 0.00 1.070 1.910 1.7000 0.8490 1.330 0.06790 0.038200
WT4X6.5 R 4.00 0.230 4.00 0.255 0.555 1.920 2.890 0.00 0.974 1.740 1.3600 0.6820 1.070 0.04330 0.026900
WT4X5 R 3.95 0.170 3.94 0.205 0.505 1.480 2.150 0.00 0.717 1.270 1.0500 0.5310 0.826 0.02120 0.011400
WT3X12.5 R 3.19 0.320 6.08 0.455 0.705 3.670 2.290 0.00 0.886 1.680 8.5300 2.8100 4.280 0.22900 0.171000
WT3X10 R 3.10 0.260 6.02 0.365 0.664 2.940 1.760 0.00 0.693 1.290 6.6400 2.2100 3.360 0.12000 0.085800
WT3X7.5 R 3.00 0.230 5.99 0.260 0.559 2.210 1.410 0.00 0.577 1.030 4.6600 1.5600 2.370 0.05040 0.034200
WT3X8 R 3.14 0.260 4.03 0.405 0.655 2.370 1.690 0.00 0.685 1.250 2.2100 1.1000 1.690 0.11100 0.042600
WT3X6 R 3.02 0.230 4.00 0.280 0.530 1.780 1.320 0.00 0.564 1.010 1.5000 0.7480 1.160 0.04490 0.017800
WT3X4.5 R 2.95 0.170 3.94 0.215 0.465 1.340 0.950 0.00 0.408 0.720 1.1000 0.5570 0.856 0.02020 0.007360
WT3X4.25 R 2.92 0.170 3.94 0.195 0.444 1.260 0.905 0.00 0.397 0.700 0.9950 0.5050 0.778 0.01660 0.006200
WT2.5X9.5 R 2.58 0.270 5.03 0.430 0.730 2.780 1.010 0.00 0.485 0.970 4.5600 1.8100 2.760 0.15700 0.077500
WT2.5X8 R 2.51 0.240 5.00 0.360 0.660 2.350 0.845 0.00 0.413 0.801 3.7500 1.5000 2.280 0.09580 0.045300
WT2X6.5 R 2.08 0.280 4.06 0.345 0.595 1.910 0.526 0.00 0.321 0.616 1.9300 0.9500 1.460 0.07500 0.023300
MT6.25X6.2 R 6.27 0.155 3.75 0.228 0.563 1.800 7.290 0.00 1.610 2.920 1.0000 0.5360 0.839 0.02460 0.028400
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steelDesign.wpn

The RAM Structural System V8i
SELECTseries 6TM

Tutorial

Release 14.0

6

October 2013

Bentley Systems, Inc.
274

4

Loker Avenue West, Suite 103

Carlsbad, CA 920

10

Telephone: (760) 431-3610
Toll Free: (800) 726-7789

Fax: (760) 431-52

14

TRADEMARK NOTICE

Bentley and the “B” Bentley logo are registered or non-registered trademarks of Bentley Systems,
Incorporated.

RAM SBeam, RAM Structural System,

RAM Manager

,

RAM Modeler

, RAM Steel, RAM Frame, RAM
Foundation and RAM Concrete are registered or non-registered trademarks of Bentley Systems,
Incorporated.

All other marks are the property of their respective owners.

COPYRIGHT NOTICE
Copyright (c) 201

2

Bentley Systems, Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Contains CM2 MeshTools by Computing Objects
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8

C.F.R. 12.2

12

and 227.7202, and “restricted computer software” pursuant to

48

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include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors and may be revised without prior notice.

RAM Structural System Tutorial

Table of Contents

Introduction

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..1
RAM Structural System Outline ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1

RAM Manager …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………5
Model Status lights ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7
Selecting Criteria ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7
Selecting Tables ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9

RAM Modeler ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..13
Floor Layout Type …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13
Grid Layout …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 14
Concrete Beam and Column Section Properties …………………………………………………………………………………………… 21
Concrete Column Layout ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 23
Concrete Wall Layout ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

26

Copy Floor Types …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

28

Concrete Beam Layout …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 28
Steel Column Layout-Lower Levels ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

34

Moving and Sloping Columns …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 35
Steel Beam Layout – Lower Levels …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

36

Steel Member Layout – Typical Level ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 39
Steel Joist Layout – Roof ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 43
Slab Edge ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 45
Slab Opening …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

46

Floor Slabs and Deck ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 47
Story Data ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 53
Sloping the Roof ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

56

Construction Grids …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 57
Defining Loads ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

58

Applying Loads………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

62

Steel Beam Size Restrictions ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

66

Brace Points ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 67
Web Openings………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

68

Layout Bracing ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 69
Assigning Lateral Member Sizes ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 71
Assign Frame Numbers …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

72

Frame Fixity ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 73
Wall Openings …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

74

Layout Foundations ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

76

Renumber Members & Data Check ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 79

RAM Steel Beam Design

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………81
Selecting a Floor type ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 81
Design Codes …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

82

Design Criteria ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 83
Design and Investigation ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 89
Reports ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

92

RAM Steel Column Design

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..95
Brace Points and Splice Levels …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

96

Design Criteria …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

98

v

Column Design and Investigation ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 99
Copy and Clear User Sizes ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

102

Reports …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 103

RAM Frame – Analysis

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………105
General Analysis Criteria …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

106

Diaphragm Criteria ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

108

Ground Level …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 109
Redundancy Factors ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 109
Assign Menu Options ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

110

Mass and Exposure …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 113
Wind Load …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 115
Seismic Load …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 117
Analysis ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1

20

View/Update ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 121
Member Forces ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1

22

Deflected Shape: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 123
Mode Shape …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1

24

Drift ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 125
Reports ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

126

Load Combinations ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 127

RAM Frame – Shear Wall Analysis Module

…………………………………………………………………………………….129
Section Cuts …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 129
Reports …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1

32

RAM Frame Steel – Standard Provisions

…………………………………………………………………………………………133
Design Criteria ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

134

Member Code Check – Standard Provisions ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1

38

Joint Code Check – Standard Provisions……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1

40

Reports – Standard Provisions …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 141

RAM Frame Steel – Seismic Provisions

…………………………………………………………………………………………..143
Assign Frame Type ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1

44

Member Code Check – Seismic Provisions ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 145
Joint Code Check – Seismic Provisions ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

146

Reports – Seismic Provisions …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 147

RAM Frame – Drift Control

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..149
Defining Virtual Load Cases ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 149
Defining Load Pairs………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1

50

Reports …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1

54

RAM Concrete Analysis

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..155
Assign Beam Line Numbers……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

156

Analysis Criteria ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

158

Other Criteria …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 159
Gravity Analysis …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 161
On-Screen Results …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

162

View Options …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 165
Reports …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 167

RAM Concrete Beam

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….169
Beam Design Criteria ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 169
Detailing Defaults …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

172

Load Combinations …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

174

Design All and View/Update …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 175
Concrete Beam Deflection ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 179

vi

Copy Design …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1

80

Reports …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 183

RAM Concrete Column

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………185
Column Design Criteria ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 185
Assign Bar Patterns ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 187
Design All and View/Update …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 189
Copy Design ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

192

Reports …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 193

RAM Concrete Shear Wall

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….195
Concrete Shear Wall Criteria …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 195
Wall Design Groups………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

196

Assign Section Cuts ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

198

Create and Assign Bar Pattern Templates ………………………………………………………………………………………………….

200

Manual Reinforcement and Special Boundary Elements ……………………………………………………………………………..

202

Generate Load Combinations for Design ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 203
Design Wall Design Group 1 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

204

Modifying the Design ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

208

RAM Foundation

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….211
Optimization Criteria ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 213
Assign Soil Capacity ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 215
Assign Base Plate Sizes to Lateral Columns ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 2

16

Assign Geometry ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

216

Assign Surcharge …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2

18

Assign Pile Geometry …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 219
Load Combinations ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 221
Design All and View/Update ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

222

Reports …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 225

vii

viii

Introduction

Introduction
The RAM Structural System can be used to design nearly every structural component of a building
structure, from the foundations to the gravity beams and columns to the lateral framing system. This tutorial
provides you with step-by-step instructions for using the RAM Structural System. Every attempt has been
made to create a tutorial that addresses the many different uses of the program, but some features are still
not covered. Refer to the on-line documentation for each of the program design modules for more complete
information. The tutorial includes a chapter for each design module. If you do not own licenses for all of the
modules, or if you do not wish to perform every chapter, then you can skip sections that do not apply. If you
do not wish to model the structure from scratch, a completed model has been included in the installation.
Just open the file called RAMTutorial_v14_US.rss in the default Data directory and skip to the design
chapter that you are interested in.

Throughout this tutorial, action items are made in bulleted lists. References to menu commands are made in
bold text and a hyphen between words indicates a sub-menu selection. For example:

• Select File – New.
Means to click on the “File” menu at the top of the screen and from the sub- menu items pick “New”. When
you are expected to type specific the words in a particular edit box the instructions are written in courier
font as follows:

• Type MyTutorial in the File name field.

• Click [OK].

The term “Click” is used to indicate a single left-click with the mouse and “Fence” is another way of saying
hold the left mouse down while you window an area. It should be noted that nearly every menu command
that is available in the program is also available as a toolbar icon. These buttons allow you to access the
various commands more rapidly, saving time. To guide you, each button is equipped with a pop-up tool tip
indicating its function that will appear when you position the cursor over the icon.

The tutorial is written for use with both the English (Imperial) and SI systems of units. When input is
required the English value will be given followed by an SI equivalent in parenthesis. For the English units
model the IBC 2006, AISC 360-05 LRFD and ACI 318-08 codes are implemented. For the SI model, the
latest British codes are used.

RAM Structural System Outline
The RAM Structural System is an assembly of several distinct modules. These individual modules each
provide different capabilities and functionality to the RAM Structural System. The RAM Structural System
is comprised of up to eight modules, all of which are described below:

RAM Manager

The RAM Manager is the hub through which all of the RAM Structural System design modules are
activated. Using the RAM Manager you will create or open your structural model and establish your global
criteria (such as units). Some of the output generated by the other modules can also be printed from the
RAM Manager. Whenever you open one of the design modules, the RAM model or database is locked until
you close that module and return to the RAM Manager. Traffic signals in the center of the

RAM Manager

screen indicate the status of the current model.

1

Introduction

3-D viewer
The 3-D viewer is a program that can be launched directly from RAM Manager or from RAM Modeler once
a file has been opened. It allows you to view the entire structure in 3D with a variety of view controls. Some
of the design modules (e.g. RAM Steel Column and RAM Concrete) have been incorporated into an
interface that is identical in appearance to the 3-D viewer. No software license is required to view the model
in 3-D.

RAM Modeler

The RAM Modeler is used in the creation and modification of all RAM Structural System models.
Modeling a structure from scratch is done by defining the floors or levels and then specifying the floor-to-
floor heights in the story data. The program is set up for the layout of building structures but with a little
ingenuity other types of structures can also be modeled.

RAM Steel Beam Design

This module is a powerful tool to perform a rapid, interactive, design of all your steel gravity beams using a
variety of steel design codes. The program optimizes steel composite and noncomposite beams, open web
steel joists and SmartbeamsTM. Tributary loads for each member are automatically calculated by the
program based on the geometry of the members and the decking. Only the gravity loads applied to one-way
decking are used as design loads. The program can also be used to evaluate user selected members.

RAM Steel Column Design
This module designs of all your steel gravity columns and base plates. Tributary loading, including the
effects of pattern loading is automated and the columns are checked not only for axial loading but for the
effects of connection eccentricity as well. With the addition of sloping columns to the modeler the RAM
Steel Column program automatically divides the vertical gravity loads based on vertical angles and designs
all columns based upon column line dependencies. The Steel Column module and the Steel Beam module
are always licensed together and are sometimes referred to simply as RAM Steel. The steel column design
loads are the contribution from the loads in the one-way decking areas only

RAM Frame
This module provides an interactive lateral analysis of the structure with braced frames, moment frames or
shear walls in any material. It is further subdivided into sub-modules which are licensed separately. These
include the Steel Standard Provisions mode and the Steel Seismic Provisions mode for aiding in the
design of steel lateral systems as well as the Drift Control mode for performing a Virtual Work analysis of
the structure to determine the hardest working components of any system. A special interface for reviewing
shear wall forces in more detail referred to as the Shear Wall module can be launched from the RAM
Frame as well.

RAM Concrete
This module focuses on the analysis and design of one and two-way concrete framing systems. It can design
all of the gravity resisting concrete beams and columns as well as concrete moment frames when used in
conjunction with RAM Frame. The exact loading of each member is automatically calculated through finite
element analysis with options for patterning the live load and retrieving lateral forces from RAM Frame.
Similar to RAM Frame, the RAM Concrete design module is broken up into separate modes for Concrete
Analysis, Concrete Beam design, Concrete Column design and Concrete Shearwall design. When

2

Introduction

designing flat slab structures (post-tensioned or conventional reinforcing), you can also import the concrete
column reactions from a RAM Concept file and use those forces in the Concrete Column design.

RAM Foundation

This module performs an interactive design of concrete spread footings, continuous footings and pile cap
foundations. Loads are automatically calculated based on the results of the gravity and lateral analysis.
RAM Foundation requires at least one of the analysis modules above (RAM Steel, RAM Frame or RAM
Concrete).

Links with Other Programs
In addition to the design modules outlined above, RAM Structural System models can also link with other
programs. Here’s a list of the available external links to RAM International software from Bentley:

• A completed model may be exported into RAM Advanse for general purpose finite element analysis.

• Connection design for shear, moment and gusset plate connections can be performed on a RAM
Structural System model using RAM Connection.

• Concrete floors can be exported into RAM Concept for 2-way slab design with or without post-
tensioning. The revised column forces from the RAM Concept model can then be re-imported for the
final Concrete Column Design.

• Mat Foundations can also be exported into RAM Concept.

• The RAM CADstudio program can be used to generate high quality drawing files of the RAM
Structural System model with electronic coordination between analysis and drafting models
throughout the design cycle.

• The RAM SBeam program can be used to design individual composite and noncomposite beams. It
has the same design functionality as the RAM Steel Beam Design module except it gives
considerable control to you to modify any aspect of the geometry, properties, loads, etc.

• The RAM BasePlate program can be used to design the base plates for lateral steel columns with
considerations for shear and moment at the base.

Additionally, there is a two-way link between the RAM Structural System and Bentley Structural, a
powerful BIM program. Models can be created or modified in either, and passed back and forth to the other.

There is a similar link with Autodesk RevitTM.

3

Introduction

4

RAM Manager

RAM Manager
To begin the tutorial, double click on the RAM Structural System icon on the desktop. The screen that
appears is the RAM Manager program. In the middle of the screen there should be a Bentley logo which
indicates that you are running Release 14.00 (or later).

Before you even create your first model you can adjust the program defaults. The defaults cover everything
from User Name, to Steel preferences and beyond. If you had another version of RAM Structural System
prior to installing Release 14.00, those previous default settings should still be set. With each new version
there are new defaults for new features which should be checked however.

• Select Tools – RAM Defaults Utility. A message pops up indicating that the defaults only affect new
models. For existing models, the various criteria menu options throughout the program modules can
be used to modify the model. Click [OK] to close the warning.

Feel free to adjust any of the remaining defaults.

Once that is complete it’s time to create your tutorial model.

• Select File – New.
If this is the first time using the program then the following dialog box will pop-up asking you to
select a working directory. This is where temporary files will be saved while you are working on a
RAM Model. The directory should be a local directory on the hard drive with complete read and
write privileges. It needs to be set only once.

• If the default working directory is not what you would like, click the open folder icon on the right and

then browse to a directory you do want to use and Click [OK].

5

RAM Manager

• When the “New” dialog box opens, type MyTutorial in the File name field (notice the default file

type is *.rss).

• In the Job Name field type Fundamentals.

• Select the desired Units (English, SI or Metric).
NOTE: The units you select now set all the defaults for the model you are creating. There are a
complete set of English (Imperial) defaults and another set of Metric/SI defaults which can be set in
the Defaults Utility. There are subtle differences between SI and Metric units, but the default values
are all the same. When using “English” units you can switch between feet and inches while modeling.

• Click [Save].

6

RAM Manager

Model Status lights
The model status lights keep track of the global status of the current model. The manager has 5 different
light colors:

Green: The module has been completed by way of analysis or design. All information is current and
designs are valid.

Yellow: Something has changed in a module that has affected the validity of results. Use designs with caution.

Red: No analysis or design has been completed. A criteria has changed that invalidates designs or analysis.
Results are no longer available.

Light blue: Additional data is required before a design or analysis can be run.

Grey: the module has no relevance to the model. For example, if you create an all steel model, the concrete
modules will be grey.

The Manager also has a legend in the bottom left hand corner that gives live status info for each module.

Selecting Criteria
There are several different criteria that can be set from the RAM Manager. These typically have an impact
on all of the various design modules. Other, more specific design criteria are set within the individual design
modules.

7

RAM Manager

Live Load Reduction
To pick the appropriate code for Live Load Reduction:

• Select Criteria – Member Loads

• Under Code for Live Load Reduction select IBC LL Reduction Method – General (BS 6399)

• Under Snow vs. Roof Live Load select Consider Snow Loads, Ignore Roof Live Loads.
NOTE: While the program will allow you to model both kinds of loads it can only consider one type
or the other in the design at one time.

Notice that there are several Building Codes available for Live Load Reduction, including SBC, BOCA,
UBC, NBC of Canada, BS 6399, Eurocode, AS/NZ 1170.1, China GB 50009-2001 and Hong Kong.
Selecting certain codes will make additional criteria specific to these building codes available in the Criteria
Menu.

Also, there are three check boxes under Determining Number of Stories. If you have not changed the
installation defaults, the bottom two check boxes will be checked. This setting is used by the program to
determine how many levels are supported by a column. Some codes establish a maximum Live Load
Reduction depending on the number of floors supported by the column and differentiate between floor
levels and roof levels. For more information on the use of this setting, refer to the RAM Manager on-line
documentation.

• Click [OK] to exit this dialog.

Self – Weight Options
To control whether or not the program automatically includes member self weight as part of the Dead Load
case:

8

RAM Manager

• Select Criteria – Self-Weight.

• Check all of the items to match the above dialog and click [OK].

NOTE: The program will now apply a vertical load to all members based on self-weight. The self
weight forces generated by the program are automatically included as part of the Dead Load case
(downward loads). Also, note that the masses used in the seismic force determination and dynamic
behavior can be automatically determined according to the selections above, or can be assigned
separately in the modeler and an estimated mass for beams, columns and slabs must be input as part
of the loads. If the self weight of walls is checked above, then the mass of gravity and lateral walls
will be included in the building mass based on the full story height. Calculated wall dead loads and
masses are adjusted for openings in the walls.

Selecting Tables
The program references tables in the analysis and design of all models. The Master Steel Table includes all
section designations and section properties for all available steel shapes. The installed master tables reflect
the current state of available sections. When changes to the section properties or availability are made by
AISC or other governing organization we make every attempt to update the files accordingly. You may
modify the master tables yourself with any text editor (e.g. Microsoft Word Pad), but we recommend that
you make a copy of the file for alterations first, as the default files will be overwritten when the program is
reinstalled. Master table files have the extension “.TAB” and can be found in the Tables subfolder wherever
the RAM Structural System was installed. For more information on table format, please refer to the RAM
Manager on-line manual.

• Select Criteria – Master Steel Table.

9

RAM Manager

• Select RAMAISC (RAMUK) as the master table and Click [OK].

Besides the master table of sections, the program also utilizes Design Steel Tables in the optimization of the
steel members. There are Design Steel Tables for Deck, Column, Beam, Smartbeam and Joist; their
extensions are “.DCK”, “.COL”, “.BMS”, “.CAS”, “.JST” (and “.KCS”) respectively. The Design Steel
Tables include a listing of the sections in a particular order, which affects the program optimization. You
can customize these tables to meet your specific needs or create new tables. Again, the RAM Manager on-
line documentation has a complete description of the format of the design tables.

• Select Criteria –Design Steel Tables.

• Under the Decks tab choose RAMDECKS (RAMUK).

• Under the Column tab choose RAMAISC (RAMUK).

• Under the Beam tab choose RAMAISC (RAMUK) for both default and alternate tables.

• Under the Smartbeam tab select RAMSMI for all four tables.

• Under the Joist tab select RAMSJI for the two standard tables and RAMKCS for the two constant
shear tables and Click [OK].

10

RAM Manager

For concrete members, the gross dimensions are always created directly in the model, but there is a
Concrete Table which contains a list of reinforcement bar designations (names) along with cross sectional
areas and diameters. All the reinforcement in the table will be available for use in the design of both
concrete beams and columns. The Pan Joist Table contains a list of common pan sizes for use in pan joist
construction. The reinforcement tables have extension “.REN” and the pan joist tables have extension
“.PNJ”.

• Select Criteria – Concrete Tables.

• Under Reinforcement Table select RAMASTM (RAMUKTYPE1M)

• Under Pan Form Table select RAMCECO and Click [OK].

Selecting Units
The units for any model may be altered at any time. Changing the units does not affect the physical model
size of an existing model, it only alters the reports and on-screen displays. It is important to note that when
you create a new file and pick the units you are also selecting which set of defaults to use. Changing the
units after the model is created does not affect which set of defaults the program uses.

• Select Criteria – Units.

• Select English (or SI).

• Click [OK].

11

RAM Manager

Additional Commands
There are several additional commands and settings which do not need to be invoked for the tutorial model
at this time. These may be found under the Post-Processing and Tools menus in the menu bar. They include
more criteria settings, report styles defaults, export options, etc. Feel free to examine or adjust the other
items now.

RSS Feeds
The RSS feed at the bottom of the Manager window has news and links that are pertinent to you. Things
like version updates and patches as well as Bentley news and product info can be found here.

12

RAM Modeler

RAM Modeler
During this section of the tutorial, you will construct a 4 story building with a variety of member types and
configurations. You will start by creating the 2nd Floor Plan as shown below. Then you will copy and edit
that data to create additional floors. The model is intended to show many of the capabilities of the software
all in this one model and as such may be somewhat eclectic.

To invoke the RAM Modeler, from the RAM Manager Menu Bar,

• Select Model (or click the Square button labeled Model in the upper left corner).
The 3rd floor of the tutorial model is depicted below for your reference. Refer to it when the written
instructions are not clear.

Figure 1: 3rd Floor Plan Figure

Floor Layout Type
Each unique floor should be modeled as a different “layout type” in the RAM Modeler. The power of the
Floor Layout Type is that it allows the program to consider floor framing layouts the same way the Engineer
considers floor plans in construction drawings. That is, a typical floor layout may occur at multiple levels in
the structure. The RAM Structural System takes advantage of this same practice by employing floor layout
types. You will need to create at least one floor layout type for every model you create.

NOTE:The terms “layout type”, “floor type”, “floor layout type” and “floor layout” are used
interchangeably both in this document and in the program.

To create and select a floor type:

• Select Layout – Type – Select.

13

RAM Modeler

• Type 2nd for Floor Type ID and Click [Add].

• Type 3rd for Floor Type ID and click [Add].

• Type Typical for Floor Type ID and Click [Add].

• Type Roof for Floor Type ID Click [Add].

• Highlight 2nd and Click [Select].

NOTE: From this point on all the elements that are created are associated with the floor type labeled “2nd”.
The Layout Type dropdown list located in the toolbars indicates the currently active layout type. This drop
down list can also be used to switch between layout types.

At this point, there is the opportunity to import an AutoCAD .DXF file to generate the grids, beams and
columns of the current floor type. This option is not going to be used in order to illustrate the step-by-step
approach instead.

Grid Layout
The modeling of a structural floor plan or layout typically begins with the layout of the gridlines, just as you
would start a framing plan drawing. The primary gridlines are used to locate the columns and walls.
Construction grids are ideal for locating items like beams or loads. The grids can be adjusted later and the
model can be automatically stretched in the process.

The grids for this model are shown in Figure 1 on page 13 for the 3rd Floor. Note that while the 3rd floor is
used as the graphic, the grids are the same on all floor types.

First, create the Grid Systems:

• Select Layout – Grids – Create / Edit.

14

RAM Modeler

• Type Main for Grid System Label.

• Set Grid System Type to Orthogonal.

• X and Y offset and Rotation should all be set to 0.

• Click [Add].

• Type Radial for Grid System Label.

• Set Grid System Type to Radial.

• Type 62.5 (20) for X offset.

• Type 20 (6) for Y offset.

• Type 0 for Rotation.

• Click [Add].

Next, define the Grids for each Grid Systems:

• Highlight Main from the list box.

• Click [Edit Grids] and the Grids dialog box will open (double clicking the title Grid System label
will also open this dialog).

The X grids are the grids that run up-and-down the screen. They are located with a horizontal
measurement from the grid system origin.

15

RAM Modeler

Figure 2

Adding multiple grids at one time:

• Type A for Grid Label.

• Leave the Grid Coordinate set to 0.

• Type 25 (8) in the Grid Spacing field.

• Set the # of Additional Grids to 5 and set the Labeling to Automatic Ascending.

• Click [Add]. The program should generate grids A, B, C, D, E and F at once.
Adding single grids:

• Type B.4 for Grid Label.

• Enter 35 (11) for the Grid Coordinate.

• Set the # of Additional Grids back to 0.

• Under Extents set the Minimum Y to 19(5.5) and the maximum Y to 41(12.5).

• Change the Display label from I-end to J-end.

• Click [Add].

• Type D.4 for Grid Label.

• Enter 90( 29) for the Grid Coordinate.

• Under Extents set the Minimum Y to 19(5.5) and the maximum Y to 41(12.5).

• Click [Add].
Your screen should now have the grids shown in Figure 2 above.

Select the Y Grid tab.

16

RAM Modeler

Figure 3

• Type 1 for Grid Label.

• Type 0 for Grid Coordinate.

• Type 20 (6) in the Grid Spacing field.

• Set the # of Additional Grids to 4 and set the Labeling to Automatic.

• Click [Add]. The program should generate grids 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 at once.
Your screen should now have the grids shown in Figure 3 above.

• Click [OK] to exit the Edit Grid dialog.
This takes you back to the Create / Edit Grid Systems dialog box.

You will now define the grids for the Radial Grid System.

• Highlight Radial from the main list box.

• Click [Edit Grids]. The Radial Grids dialog box will open.

17

RAM Modeler

• Type R1 for Grid Label.

• Type

210

for Grid Angle and click [Add].

• Type R2 for Grid Label.

• Type 240 for Grid Angle and click [Add].

• Type R3 for Grid Label.

• Type 2

70

for Grid Angle and click [Add].

• Type R4 for Grid Label.

• Type 300 for Grid Angle and click [Add].

• Type R5 for Grid Label.

• Type 3

30

for Grid Angle and click [Add].

Select the Circular Grid tab.

18

RAM Modeler

• Type S1 for Grid Label.

• Type 37.5 (12) for Radial Distance.

• Check the Limit to Minimum angle and type 181 for the angle.

• Set the Limit to Maximum Angle at 359 and click [Add].

• Type S2 for Grid Label.

• Type 32.5 (10.5) for Radial Distance.

• Check the Limit to Minimum angle and type 181 for the angle.
• Set the Limit to Maximum Angle at 359 and click [Add].

• Type S3 for Grid Label.

• Type 27.5 (9) for Radial Distance.

• Check the Limit to Minimum angle and type 181 for the angle.
• Set the Limit to Maximum Angle at 359 and click [Add].

• Click [OK] to go back to the Create / Edit Grid Systems Dialog box.

• Click [OK] to finish the grid creation. If you made any mistakes, you can reopen the grids control and
change the coordinates or other property of the grids. Just select the grid first, make the desired
changes and click [Change].

To select the grid systems to be used for the various levels:

• Select Layout – Grids – Select. The Select Grid Systems dialog box should appear:

19

RAM Modeler

• Highlight 2nd under Layout Floor Type if it is not already.

• Check both Main and Radial boxes under Grid Systems.

• Click [OK].

Your screen should now show the grids as depicted in the 3rd Floor Plan figure at the beginning of this
chapter (see Figure 1 on page 13).

It is a good idea to save your work periodically, to do so now:

• Select File – Save.

20

RAM Modeler

Concrete Beam and Column Section Properties
The 2nd Floor Type consists of a combination of different concrete members. To prepare for laying out the
beams and column, the Material must first be set to Concrete. To do this:

• Select Material – Concrete or pull down the material drop down list and select “Concrete”.

To enter Column Sections:

• Select PropTable – Column Sections and the Concrete Column Sections Dialog will

appear.

There are two concrete column sizes required for this model:

• Type C18x26 (C45x66) for Section Label.

• Enter 26 (660) for H.

• Enter 18 (450) for B.

• Click [Add].

• Type C12x24 (C30x60) for Section Label.

• Change the Cracked Section Factor for Flexure from 0.70 to 0.35. 0.7 is the default value for
columns, but the C12x24 columns will be used like pilasters at the ends of a wall.

• Enter 24 (600) for H.

• Enter 12 (300) for B.

• Click [Add].

• Click [OK].

To enter the concrete beam properties:

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• Select PropTable – Beam Sections. The Concrete Beam Sections Dialog will open.

There will be three different concrete beam sections in this model. Enter them as follows:

• Enter B12x28 (B30x66) for Section Label.

• Set the Shape option to Rectangular.

• Enter 28 (660) for the Depth and 12 (300) for the Width

• Click [Add].

• Enter B18x30 (B45x75) for Section Label.

• Enter 30 (750) for the Depth and 18 (450) for the Width

• Click [Add].
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• Enter B8x20-T (B20x50-T) for Section Label.

• Set the Shape option to T-Section.

• Type 20 (500) for Depth.

• Set the Flange Width to Use Calculated (the program will determine the individual beam widths
based on the span, the distance to a slab edge or the distance to an adjacent beam, whichever
controls).

• Set the Flange Thickness to Use Slab Thickness.

• Set the Web Thickness to 8 (200).

NOTE: The program does not count any tapering of the T beam stem.

• Click [Add] and click [OK].

Concrete Column Layout
Columns can be located at the intersections of gridlines (On-Grid) or at any other location on the layout
(Off-Grid). Throughout the program output, columns are identified by the grid intersection they are on, so it
is recommended to place the column On-Grid. Placing columns On-Grid is also the best way to assure that
they line up from level to level. If a column is at the confluence of three or more grid lines, you may want to
stop all but two of the grid lines short of the intersection so that the program can identify the column
correctly.

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Figure 4: Concrete Column and Wall layout (2nd Floor Type)

To begin modeling the columns:

• Select Layout – Columns – Add On-Grid. The Add Concrete Column On-Grid Mode dialog box
should appear.

• Enter 4 for f’c (30 for fcu).

• Enter 145 (2350) for Unit Weight

• Enter

150

(2400) for Unit Weight for Self-Weight

• Enter 0.20 for Poisson’s Ratio

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• Select Normal Weight Concrete

• Select Use Calculated Value for Elastic Modulus

• For Reinforcement, enter

60

(410) for fy Longitudinal and 60 (410) for fy Shear

• Set Framing to Gravity.

• Set Orientation to (this is zero degree orientation).

• Click [Single].

This will take you back to the graphics screen with the plus sign cursor .

• With the cursor, place a column (Left Click one time) at these grid intersections:
A-1, A-2,

B-1, B-2, B-3, B-5,

C-5,

D-5,

E-1, E-2, E-3, E-5,

F-1, and F-2.

• Right Click with the mouse to return to the Add Concrete Column On-Grid Mode dialog box (right
clicking in the Modeler always returns you to the previous dialog box):

• Change Framing from Gravity to Lateral.

• Click [Single] to return to the graphics

screen:

• Place lateral columns by clicking at Grids
B-4, C-4, D-4 and E-4.

• Right Click to return to the Add Concrete Column On-Grid Mode dialog box.

• Change Orientation to (

90

degrees).

• Click [Single] to return to the graphics window.

• Place 3 lateral columns on the remaining grid intersections for grid lines A and F.

NOTE: If you accidentally place a member with an incorrect setting, you can undo the last command Using
Edit – Undo. If it’s too late to undo the command, then you can delete the erroneous column and model it
again, or you can fix it by using the Change Properties command. This is covered later in the tutorial.

Now assign concrete column section sizes.

• Select the Layout – Columns – Assign Size Command. The Assign Concrete Column Size Mode
dialog box will appear.

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• Select C18x26 (C45x66) from the list box and click [Fence]. This will take you back to the graphics

screen:

• With the cursor drag a window large just enough to encompass all of the columns. Window selections
in the modeler only work on items entirely within the window.

• Right click to return to the Assign Size command.

• Select the C12x24 (C30x60) from the list and click [Single].

• This time select only the gravity (blue) columns. This will override the previous assignment.
This completes the layout of concrete columns on the 2nd Floor. We have a few steel columns to add, but
we are going to put the concrete walls in first.

Concrete Wall Layout
Like columns, walls can be placed on or off of the established grids. You will only use the On-Grid feature
in this section. Walls can only be placed while the current material is set to either “Concrete” or “Other”.

• Select Layout – Walls – Add On-Grid. The Add Concrete Wall On-Grid Mode dialog box will open:

• Set Framing to Lateral.

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• Type 12 (300) for Thickness

• Type 4 for f’c (30 for fcu).

• Type 145 (2350) for UW (this is used to calculate E).

• Type 150 (2400) for UW for Self – Weight (this is only used if the RAM Manager self weight
criteria has walls selected).

• Type 0.2 for Poisson’s Ratio

• Type 0.35 for Cracked Factor

• Leave the other fields as their defaults

• Click [Single]

This will take you back to the graphics screen:

• With the cursor, place a wall by clicking once at the beginning and once at the end of the wall.
NOTE: In single mode, a white line appears after selecting the start point of a wall. This “rubber
band” displays the position of the wall before the other end is located. The same graphic also appears
when laying out slab edges, deck polygons, line loads, etc.

• Start by clicking at grid F-4

• Move the cursor to grid F-5.

• Once there, click to complete the wall layout.

• Add walls between the following grid intersections:

• From B.4-3 to B.4-2

• From B.4-2 to C-2

• From D-2 to D.4-2

• From D.4-2 to D.4-3
NOTE: In the modeler, walls and columns are placed according to the center location. In reality a concrete
wall between two pilasters may be shifted slightly from the column centerline or gridline. For simplicity of
modeling and analysis, it is highly recommended to place the columns and walls on the same centerline
regardless.

• Right click to return to the Layout Walls dialog box.

• Change the framing from Lateral to Gravity.

• Click [Single] to return to the graphics mode and add two walls

• From B.4-3 to C-3

• From D-3 to D.4-3

• The screen should then look like Figure 4 on page 24.
NOTE: These “flange walls” could be modeled as either gravity members or lateral members. As gravity
members they will not participate in the lateral finite element analysis in RAM Frame. The “L” shaped

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walls will act together to resist the lateral loads in both the N-S and E-W directions. In the Concrete
Shear Wall program special boundary conditions can be put into place to enforce the placement of
special confinement. This will be discussed in the Shear Wall section.

Copy Floor Types
In many buildings the various floor types are similar. The program has a feature for copying information
from one level type to another. The feature only works when you have a blank level type current.

• Select Layout – Type – Select.

• Highlight the Level called 3rd and Click [Select].

The graphics view is altered to show you the 3rd floor type. At this time, there is nothing on this floor type.

It is completely blank at this time. In the menu bar at the top of the modeler, you’ll notice that the current
level type has changed from 2nd to 3rd. This pull down menu is the quickest way to switch from level to
level.

• Select Layout – Type – Copy.

• Under Copy From highlight 2nd.

• Under Select Items check All.

• Click [OK].

The 3rd level will now be an exact duplicate of the 2nd floor. Any changes made from this point on will be
to one level only. We will copy to the Typical and Roof floor types later.

Concrete Beam Layout
Beams can either be located between the intersection of gridlines or existing members, or Off-Grid, which is
usually the case for secondary framing. Beams can also be automatically generated by the program at
regular spacing. Cantilevers can be added to beams after the main span is modeled. Not all beam layout

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commands will be illustrated in this tutorial, but all are explained in the on-line Help or RAM Modeler
documentation.

Figure 5: Concrete Beam layout (3rd Floor)

Since there are only 2 concrete beams to be added to the 2nd floor type, we will quickly add them then
move to the 3rd floor type for a detailed approach to adding beams. To add beams to the plan:

• Switch to the 2nd floor type by selecting Layout-Type-Select and selecting 2nd

NOTE: You can also change floor types by selecting 2nd from the drop down combo box on the
toolbar:

• Select Layout – Beams – Add On-Grid. The Add Concrete Beam On-Grid Mode dialog box should

appear.

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• Set Framing to Gravity.

• Type 4 (30) for f’c.

• Type 145 (2350) for UW.

• Type 150 (2400) for UW for Self-Weight.

• Type 0.2 for Poisson’s Ratio
• Select Normal Weight Concrete
• Select Use Calculated Value for Elastic Modulus
• For Reinforcement, enter 60 (410) for fy Longitudinal and 60 (410) for fy Shear
• Click [Single].

This will take you back to the graphics screen with the plus sign cursor .

• These beams will be added in the same way the walls were added; by clicking on a grid intersection,
moving the cursor to a second grid intersection and clicking to complete the member.

• With the mouse select the column on Grid B-2.

• Move the cursor to the concrete wall end at C-2, and left click the mouse to finish.

• Repeat to add a beam between the wall at D.4-2 and the column at E-2.

• This completes the 2nd floor type framing. At this point, please verify that the model is identical to
the following figure for the 2nd level floor type:

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Figure 6: 2nd floor type Concrete Beam layout

Now switch to the 3rd floor type to continue laying out concrete beams.

• Switch to the 3rd floor type by selecting Layout-Type-Select and selecting 3rd or by using the
drop down combo box on the toolbar as shown previously.

• Right click to return to the Add Beam On-Grid dialog box.

• Click [Fence] to return to the graphics window.

• Create a large enough box to encompass the entire floor plan.

A word about the Fence option: this will add beams from column to column (on grid) within the fenced
area. If you incorrectly add a beam, it can be deleted or you can undo the last steps. Fence mode is
extremely useful for adding beams in regular structures.

For this model, the fence command added a beam between grids B-1 and E-1 that is not needed. To remove
it:

• Delete the long beam that was created between B-1 and E-1 by selecting Layout-Beams-Delete and
selecting [Single].

NOTE: You can also delete the currently selected member type by using the delete button on
the toolbar.

Add additional beams as follows.

• Return to the Layout beams on grid dialog window, and select [Single] to return the graphics
window.

• Connect all of the columns together with beams and connect the ends of the walls to columns with
gravity concrete beams.

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Now change the gravity beams between lateral columns to lateral beams selecting Layout-Beams-Change
Properties, then selecting the Framing checkbox (which will activate the Framing dialog) and the framing
to lateral. The final Framing plan should look like this:

Figure 7: Concrete Beams On-Grid (3rd Floor Type)

Now it’s time to add the infill beams. These beams could be modeled as either beams or pan joists. When
adding pan joists, you must initially assign a size to the edge beams, then specify the pan size or the spacing
between the beams. If the spacing does not work out perfectly, then there will be one odd space. When
laying out beams, on the other hand, it is the centerline that you are defining. Since this tutorial needs to
work for two systems of units, we will add beams rather than pan joists. To add the intermediate, infill
beams:

• Select Layout – Beams – Add Generation. The following dialog box will appear:

• Change the number of Equal Spaces per beam from 2 to 3.

• Click [Add] to return to the graphics window.

• Click once at the column on Grid A-1 where the generation will start from. Then click a Second time
at Grid A-5 to terminate the string of beams.
A direction line appears at the center of the line just drawn to indicate the orientation of the beams
about to be generated. Click to the East side of line A to project the new beams in that direction.

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Notice the command line at the bottom of your screen. The brief instructions typically lead you
through the layout steps

• Repeat the steps above for all open spaces between framing in the same E-W direction except
between concrete walls as shown in Figure 5 above.

Like concrete columns, all concrete beams must be assigned a preliminary size in order to perform a
complete analysis. Before assigning sizes, it’s best to turn on the size display:

• Select Options – Show Sizes (you won’t see anything different).

• Select Layout – Beam – Assign Size.

• In the Assign Size dialog box, highlight the B8x20-T section (B20x50-T) and click [Fence].

• In the graphics mode, fence the entire floor plan.

• Right click to return to the previous window.

• Highlight the B18x30 (B45x75) section and click [Single].

• With the target cursor, select each of the Lateral Girders.

• Right click to return to the previous window.

• Highlight the B12x28 (B30x66) section and click [Single].

• Pick each of the gravity framing beams on Grids A through F and 1 through 5.

• Select File – Save.

That completes the layout of concrete members in the Tutorial model. If you purchased a license for the
RAM Concrete design module only, and do not have a license for RAM Steel then you should substitute
concrete beams and columns for steel beams and columns in the following sections, or omit those members
altogether. You are allowed to model steel members even if you don’t have a license for RAM Steel, but
you must assign a specific size to all of those members prior to running the model in RAM Concrete.

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Steel Column Layout-Lower Levels
Modeling Steel members is identical to modeling concrete members, but the gravity only steel members do
not have to be assigned any specific size. The RAM Steel design modules will select an optimum size for
each.

Now it’s time to add the extra columns for the entrance atrium canopy on the 2nd and 3rd level:

• Select the 2nd floor type.

• Select Layout – Columns – On-Grid.

• Set the Fy value to 50 (355).

• Change the shape to Rectangular HS

• Change the Framing type to gravity

• Change the orientation to “Perpendicular to X / Radial Grids.

• Click [Single].

• With the cursor, add steel columns to the Radial Grids at R1 through R5 at S1.

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2nd Level Steel Columns

• Change to the 3rd floor type using the drop down list on the top menu bar.

• Right click to resume adding columns.

• Add the same steel columns to grids R1 through R5 and S2 on this level.

3rd Level Steel Columns

Moving and Sloping Columns
In the modeler you have the option to move columns either completely or top or bottom only. With the top
or bottom only commands you can slope a column or join the top or bottom of multiple columns at a point.
In order to achieve the sloping face of the open atrium we will have to slope the steel columns of the 2nd and
3rd floor types.

• Select the 2nd floor type by using the drop down menu in to toolbar.

• Select Layout-Columns-Move or by selecting the column icon in the toolbar and then the move icon
to the right.

• In the dialog box select Top only and click [Single] (leave the location set to Specify New Location).
This allows you to select the new location of the TOP of the column in the modeler.

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• Select the column at grid intersection R1-S1 and notice that the column highlights. Move your cursor

to the intersection of grid line R1-S2 and click to move the top of the column. Notice that there is a
shadow of the column from the bottom location to the top.

• Repeat for all the columns along gridline S1.

• Switch to the 3rd floor type.

• Now slope the top of the steel columns on gridline S2 to gridline S3 in the same manner as the
columns on the 2nd floor type.

NOTE: You can also move the complete columns or top or bottom only by using the Increment
Current Coordinates command in the Column-Move dialog or in the Layout-Columns-Text dialog.
NOTE: For gravity columns, remember that RAM designs the columns for the vertical component of
the forces only. All horizontal thrust data is not used or stored. So, for columns with increasing
angles and lateral loads, the thrust that is resisted or transferred by these columns is neglected.

Steel Beam Layout – Lower Levels
Steel beams, like concrete beams, must be modeled to have two supports. Beams with cantilevers are
modeled as simple-span beams first, then the cantilevers are added to the end. Do not attempt to add a long
beam from the tip of the cantilever to the other end of the beam as it will cross the supporting beam or
column which is not allowed. When you have indeterminate systems, like two cantilevers meeting at a
point, simplifications may have to be made. To begin laying out beams:

• Select the 2nd floor type by using the drop down menu in to toolbar.

• Select Layout – Beams – Add On-Grid.

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• Change the shape to Channel

NOTE: In order for a beam to be designed as a composite beam, it not only needs to be defined as a
composite section, but it also needs to have a composite deck on top of it for the entire beam length.
If the beam is covered with noncomposite deck (or no deck at all) then it will always get designed as
noncomposite.

• Click [Single].

• Add steel beams connecting the new steel columns together.
NOTE: The direction you add the beam does not matter. Beams are always assigned a left end and a
right end based on the geometry.

2nd Floor Steel Beams On-Grid

We need a pair of beams to finish the framing of the open atrium. To add them:

• Select Layout – Beams – Add Off-Grid.

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There are many options for adding beams off-grid. Often it is a matter of adding a new beam parallel to an
existing beam with some specified offset. This can be done even if the new beam is in a different bay. In
this case the beams will be added from a column to a beam.

• Set the Graphics mode to Column-To-Beam

• Set the angle to 90. This will allow us to add new beams from a selected column to the closest beam
that is 90 degrees (global) from the column.

• Click [Add].

• With the target cursor, select the column at R1-S2 and then click to the north of that column. Repeat
for the column at R5-S2.

• Switch to the 3rd floor type.

• Repeat the above steps for all of the columns on grid line S3.

3-D view of first 2 floor types

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That completes the layout of beams on the 2nd level, but there is some more work to do on the other level
types.

Steel Member Layout – Typical Level
We’ll start our work on the Typical Level, by copying all items from the 3rd floor type.

• Select the Typical level type.

• Copy the 3rd floor type to the typical level and select All items to copy.

We will not use the radial grids on this level so it is best to turn them off.

• Go to Layout-Grids-Select

• Uncheck the box beside Radial and click [OK].

Not all of the walls from the 3rd floor type are used on the Typical level so some need to be deleted.

• Be sure the selected material mode is Concrete. If it is not, change to Concrete now using either of
the methods shown previously.

• Select Layout – Walls – Delete.

• Click [Single] and delete the wall on grid line F

We will now add a beam where the wall had been.

• Select Layout – Beams – Add on Grid.

• Add a beam where the wall had been as shown previously.
NOTE: At this time the beam is concrete, like the other members on the level.

The Typical floor is comprised of steel members but since we copied the framing from the 3rd floor, the
members are currently all concrete. Change the material of the beams as follows:

• Select Layout – Beams – Change Material.

• Change Fy to 50 ksi (355).

• Change the Shape to I section.

• Set the framing to Composite.

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• Click [Fence] and fence the whole floor to change all of the concrete beams into steel.

Now, clear all of the user assigned sizes (assigned to concrete beams prior to copy).

• Select Layout – Beams – Clear Size

• Click [Fence] and fence all of the beams on the Typical floor type.

NOTE: If the concrete sizes are not cleared from the steel beams, the Steel Beam Design Module will
search for the user assigned sizes in the steel tables resulting in design errors.

Now change the columns from concrete to steel.

• Select Layout – Columns – Change Material.

• For the Fy value type 50 (355 for py).

• Set Shape to I section.

• Click [Fence] and in the graphics mode fence the entire framing.
All of the columns are changed into Steel Wide flange shapes. The framing and orientation of the
original columns are maintained.

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Now we must change the lateral steel columns on grid line 5 to gravity and change their orientation to .

• Select Layout-Columns-Change properties and checking the Orientation and Framing boxes and
making the appropriate changes.

• Click [Single]

• Click on the columns at the ends of grid line 5.

Similarly, change the beam on grid A between grids 4 and 5 to gravity.

Move the columns on Gridline 5 by

• Select Layout-Columns-Move.

• Select the Top and Bottom option under Move

• Select the Increment Current Coordinates option under Location.

• Enter -8 (-2.5) in the Y text box, leaving the X box at 0.

• Select Maintain Relative Spacing under options,

• Click [Fence] and fence all the columns on Gridline 5.

We will now add a cantilevered balcony to the Typical level.

• Select Layout-Beams-Add Cantilevers.

• Choose the Input Value as Cantilever Length option

• Enter 8 in the length box.

• Click [Add/Change].

• Select the girder on Grid A between grids 4 and 5. Click the north end of that girder to add the
cantilever.

• Repeat for the same girders on grids B, C, D, E and F.

• Select Layout-Beams-Add Off Grid.

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• Choose the Beam-To-Beam (Dist, Dist).

• Enter 0 for both distances

• Click [Add].

• Click on the end of the cantilever beam on Gridline B, then on the north side of the same beam.

• Next click on the cantilever on Grid Line C, and again on the north side. Notice the beam gets added
to the ends of the cantilevered beams.

NOTE: You can also use the Add On Grid command for this situation as snap points are assigned to
the ends of all beams.

• Repeat for all of the cantilevered beams.

• Right Click to return to the Layout-Beam-Off Grid dialog.

• Chose Beam-to-Beam (Dist,Angle),

• Enter 4 (1.25) for dist

• Enter 90 for Angle.

• Click on the end of the cantilevered beams and into the bays to add a floor beam in those bays.

Verify the typical level framing in the picture below.

Complete Framing of the Typical Level

Now, we will place some lateral beam bracing for the moment frame beams.

• Select Layout Beams – Add Off-Grid.

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• Select Gravity for the Framing

• Select Composite for the Composite Flag.

• Select the option Beam-To-Beam (Dist, Angle).

• Select Angle Relative the Reference Beam 1 (0-90) as your Beam-To-Beam option.

• Set the Dist. to 12.5 (4)

• Enter 90 degrees for the Angle.

• Click [Add].

• With the target cursor, select the lateral beam from grid B-4 to C-4.

• Click to the west end of that beam.

• A white horizontal line will appear 12.5’ from the left end of that beam. Click to the south side and
the new beam will be placed on that side. This beam will brace the top and bottom flange of the
lateral beam which will improve the design.

• Repeat for the lateral beams on Grid 4.

Lateral Beam bracing.

Steel Joist Layout – Roof
To begin work on the roof level, copy information from the Typical level.

• Select the Roof level using the Floor Type drop-down combo box on the toolbar.

• Select Layout – Type – Copy.

• Copy All items from the Typical level.

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Delete the unneeded beams from the Roof floor type.

• Select Layout-Beams-Delete

• Click [Fence] and fence the floor beams between grids 4 and 5 to delete them. (Include the floor
beams on Grid line 5).

• Also delete the bracing beams south of the moment frame beams.

Delete the unneeded columns from the Roof floor type.

• Select Layout-Columns-Delete.

• Press [Fence] to return to graphics mode.

• Fence the columns between gridlines 4 and 5.

Now we’re going to change steel beams to Joists.

• Change the Current Material to Steel Joist

• Select Layout – Joists – Change Material.

• Click [Fence].

• Fence all the floor beams in between all the major grid lines as well as the ones on grid line 3.

Add additional Joists as follows.

• Select Layout – Joist – Add Generation.

• Enter 5 for Number of Equal Spaces Per Beam.

• Click [Add]

• Start at the frame beam at B-4 and stop at E-4 then click to the south of that line to add joists that
brace the frame beams.

Roof Beam and Joist Framing

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Slab Edge
Now that the floor framing layout is complete, the slab edges and slab openings must be laid out. Regardless
what type of deck you are using, the level needs to have a slab edge. The deck and surface loads need the
slab edges to define their boundaries. To layout the slab edge:

• Select the 2nd level type.

• Select Layout – Slab – Slab Edge.

• Type 12 (300) for Slab Overhang.

The slab edge overhang is measured from the beam centerline and must be at least 1”.

• Click [Add].

• Start at the column at A-1 and move clockwise to A-5, C-5, C-2, B-2, B-1, and close it at A-1.
NOTE: When “Left” is selected as shown above, always layout slab edges in a clockwise direction.
Moving in the opposite direction will result in errors.

• Repeat the clockwise addition of the next diaphragm by starting and ending at D-5.

Press the Esc key to dismiss the “Keyboard Entry” dialog and return to the arrow cursor.

You should see the slab edge (a green outline) surrounding the entire perimeter of each of the two
diaphragms on the 2nd Floor Plan. The slab edge must create a single, complete loop.

Now layout the slab edge on the other floor types.

• Select the 3rd floor type from the drop down combo box on the toolbar.

• Right click to return to the Slab Edge Layout.

• Click [Whole Perimeter].

• Notice the Slab Edge gets applied to all the beams on the perimeter including the Steel beams of the
atrium canopy.

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• Repeat the above steps for the Typical levels and Roof levels, but change the overhang to 6 inches
(150 mm).

Typical Floor plan with slab Edge

Slab Opening
Now that the slab edge is complete, you can now add an interior opening:

• Select the 2nd level type.

• Select Layout – Slab – Slab Openings.

• Type 6 (150) for Slab Overhang.

• Click [Add].

• With the target cursor, click once at the end of the concrete wall enclosing the elevator shaft at grid
intersection B.4-3. Move counter-clockwise to B.4-2, C-2, C-3, and close it at B.4-3. You should see
the four edges of each opening drawn along the adjacent framing.

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NOTE: When “Left” is selected as shown above, always layout slab openings in a counter-clockwise
direction. Moving in the opposite direction will result in errors.

• Repeat for the shaft on the other diaphragm.

Slab edge openings, like slab edge overhangs are always offset from the center line of the framing, but these
edges are offset towards the center of the opening. Also, when a bay is enclosed on all four sides, the In Bay
command can be used for a much easier opening addition.

• Repeat these steps on the 3rd and Typical floor levels except use the In Bay command by clicking in
the center of the bays.

Floor Slabs and Deck
To complete the physical model it is necessary to apply a slab or deck to the structure. The slab and the deck
properties are necessary both to determine composite beam section or T-Beam properties as well as to
facilitate the distribution of the gravity load. You do this in two stages, first you will define the properties of
the decks and slabs, and then you will layout the slab on the floor. To define the Slab Properties:

• Select PropTable – Decking.

On the Composite Floor System tab,

• Select VULCRAFT 2.0VL (Kingspan MD 60-V2) as the deck type.
Set the other attributes as follows:

• Concrete Thickness Above Flutes: 2.5 (65)

• Stud Length: 4 (100).

• Unit Weight: 115 (2400).

• f’c: 3 (fcu: 27.5).

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• Stud Fu: 60 (450).

• Self-Weight of Steel Deck: 3 (0.15).

• Set the Stud Diam to 3/4 (19).

• Set the Shored option to No.

• Click [Add].

On the Noncomposite Floor System tab, define two noncomposite decks.

• Enter Non Composite-lower for Label

• Enter a deck Unit Weight for Self-Weight of 3 (0.15),

• Leave all other fields blank.
The program is not designing decks at this time, only using the deck self weight in the loads. It is up
to the user to make sure the deck selected can span the required distances in the model.

• Click [Add]

• Enter Non Composite –roof for Label.

• Enter 3(0.15) for the self weight again,

• Fill out the Diaphragm properties with the following information:

Enter 1.0 (25) for Effective Thickness,

Enter 0.22 for Poisson’s Ratio, and

Enter 29000 (200000) for Elastic Modulus.

NOTE: The diaphragm info entered is not typical and is used for illustration purposes only. This
information is only used in RAM Frame for semi-rigid diaphragm calculations.

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• Click [Add].

On the Concrete Slab System Tab, define three concrete slabs.

• Type 4.5 in 1 way for the Label.

• Type 4.5 (115) for Concrete Slab Thickness.

• Click [Add] and the information will be added to the large window.

• Type 10.5 in 2 way for the label.

• Type 10.5 (265) for Concrete Slab Thickness.

• Click [Add].

• Type Mat Foundation for the Label.

• Type 18 (450) for Concrete Slab Thickness.

• Click [Add].

• Click [OK].

You have now defined the decks/slabs to be applied to the floor plan.

A few notes on decks: ANY Steel members that are under ANY portion of two way deck will not be
completely designed. This means that any force coming from the two way slab will be lost to the steel
member. Decks can be used as supports for columns, therefore gravity and lateral forces can be applied to
other members through the diaphragm. Keep this in mind when placing lateral members in particular as the
deck must be meshed to transfer the lateral loads in RAM Frame. Walls cannot be supported by any deck.

We will now apply the decks to the 2nd floor type.

• Select the 2nd level type.

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• Select Layout – Slab – Deck Assign.

• Select the Two-Way option under Slab Action.

• Select the Concrete Framing System Option

• In the list box, highlight the 10.5 in 2 way slab that you defined in the previous step.

• Click [Whole Diaphragm].

• Click anywhere inside the region enclosed by the slab edge (a diaphragm). Do this for both
diaphragms on this floor type.

We will layout drop caps on this level as well.

• Right click to return to the Deck Assignment dialog.

• Check the Drop Cap check box to reveal the Drop Cap editor.

NOTE: Drop Caps can initially be made only square or rectangular. Once laid down, you can alter the
polygon to be almost any shape, similar to a standard deck. Please be aware that only the standard
shapes will have data under the Layout-Slab-Deck Assign-Show command.

• Select the Square button

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• Enter 4(1.25) for Size.

• In the list box, highlight the 4.5 in 1 way deck type.
NOTE: Drop caps are anchored to the columns that they are added to, so if a column is moved or
deleted the drop cap will follow suit.

• Click [Add Drop Cap – Single].
This takes you back to the graphics screen.

Notice that the entire floor area is now hatched with an indication of the decking. If the deck on this
level had One-Way slab action, lines in the hatch pattern would indicate the span direction of the
slab.

• Click on the columns at B-3, B-4, E-3 and E-4.
Notice the different hatch patterns associated with the caps. You can feel free to return to the editor
and add rectangular caps to the other columns under the deck if you wish at this point. Also, try the
show command described above for checking deck information.

Now layout decks on the other floors.

• Select the 3rd floor type from the drop down combo box.

• Right click to return to the Deck Assignment dialog box.

• Select One-Way under Slab Action.

• Select the 90 degree direction under orientation.

• Highlight the 4.5 in 1-way slab in the list box.

• Click [Whole Floor].

• Right click to return to the Deck assignment dialog and change the Framing System to
Noncomposite.

• Ensure that the slab action is still One-Way.

• Select the 0 degree Orientation.

• Select the Non Composite-lower deck type from the list box.

• Click [Add].

This will take you back to the graphics screen.

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With the “+” cursor, click at each of the corners of the slab edge around the steel beams that make up the
atrium canopy. A continuous white line should appear as you trace out this polygon. Once the polygon is
closed the area will be hatched differently that the concrete slab area

3rd Level Deck Areas

The entire floor, except the slab openings, should now be hatched indicating the slab placement. (If the
program does not display the deck, it means your slab edge or one of the slab openings are not closed
properly. Return to fix that now.). The deck itself is always truncated to the slab edge so it is fine to add
deck areas larger than the floor plan as you did here. By making the deck extra large you are assured that the
correct deck extends out to the slab edge overhang. This is recommended to prevent unwanted decking on
the overhang that might incorrectly brace the perimeter beams.

The points that define the deck or slab assignment area can also be established using the Keyboard Mode
Coordinate Entry dialog box that appears on screen. The X and Y fields are related to the global coordinate
system of the model. Once you have established a node of the deck polygon, those values can also be used
to generate an offset, or relative displacement, for the next node. The dialog box can be moved if it is in
your way when graphically selecting points.

You can also alter the deck polygon by using the change polygon command in the Deck Assignment Mode
dialog.

We will demonstrate that by separating the main concrete deck from the noncomposite deck.

• Right click to return to the Deck Assignment Mode dialog.

• Click [Change Polygon].

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• Click anywhere inside the main floor diaphragm and a solid white line will now be encompassing the
entire floor. Click on the bottom left hand side of the box at the white node. Click again to move the
node to the bottom left slab edge.

• Move the cursor to the midpoint east of the newly moved node. A midpoint node will appear. Click
on it and move it to the slab edge near B-1.

• Continue this until the deck polygon looks like this:

3rd floor type concrete deck polygon

Now you can assign decking to the other levels.

• Select the Typical level type.

• Select Layout – Slab – Deck Assign.

• Select the Composite Floor deck.

• Click [Whole Floor].

We will add the Roof decking once we have altered the pitch of the roof since each sloped plane of the roof
will need to be added separately.

Story Data
With all of the floor types defined, you can now designate the arrangement of these floor types in the
building. This is called the story data:

• Select Story.

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• Type 2nd for Story Label.

• Type 13 (4.25) for Flr to Flr Height.

NOTE: It is recommended to enter the deck/slab support elevation difference between stories (Top of
Steel-Top of Steel) when entering the story height data.

• Highlight 2nd in the Floor Type list box.

• Select Yes for Splice Level.

• Click [Add].
• Type 3rd for Story Label.

• Type 13 (4.25) for Flr to Flr Height.

• Highlight 3rd in the Floor Type list box.

• Select Yes for Splice Level.
NOTE: Since there are sloping columns on these two floor types, the program will place splices
automatically during column design if not selected here.

• Click [Add].

• Type 4th for Story Label.

• Type 11.5 (3.75) for Flr to Flr Height.

• Highlight Typical in the Floor Type list box.

• Select No for Splice Level.

• Click [Add].

• Type 5th for Story Label.

• Type 11.5 for Flr to Flr Height.

• Highlight Typical in the Floor Type list box.

• Select yes for Splice Level.

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• Click [Add].

• Type Roof for Story Label.

• Type 15 (4.75) for Flr to Flr Height.

• Highlight Roof in the Floor Type list box.

• Select Yes for Splice Level. (the splice above the top level does not matter)

• Click [Add].

• If your data appears like the figure above Click [OK], otherwise highlight the incorrect level, modify
the required settings and click [Change].

A full 3-D model of your structure has now been developed, albeit not quite complete. To view your 3D
model:

• Select View – 3D-View.
You should now see a 3D view of your model. Feel free to investigate some of the features in the 3D
Viewer.

• Press the arrow keys on the keyboard to rotate the model or hold down Ctrl and move the mouse to

rotate.

• Press the F2 function key to see other keyboard shortcuts.

• To exit 3-D View and return to Plan View, select File – Exit.
NOTE: the environment and interface of the 3D view is also used in some of the design modules.

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Sloping the Roof
The Modeler also has the ability to modify the slope of a level. This is done by adjusting the columns or
walls from the story reference datum. Foundations can also be raised or lowered. Before modifying the
elevations, you will want to turn on the display of the column elevations.

• Select Options – Show Property – Column and Wall Elevations.
If you have difficulty reading the text on the screen you can increase or decrease the text size with the
Options – Scale Text command.

• Select the Roof level type.

First we’ll modify the height of the columns.

• Select Layout – Columns – Modify Elevation.

• Set the Top of Column to extend and type 2 (0.75) for the value.

• Click [Fence].

• In the graphics mode, fence all of the columns on Grid 3.

• Right click to return to the Modify Column Elevations dialog.

• Change the value to 4 (1.5) and Fence the Columns on Grid 4

Now modify the height of the walls.

• Change the material to concrete.

• Select Layout-Walls- Modify Elevation.

• Choose Extend and enter 2(0.75) in the box under Top of Wall.

• Click [Fence].
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NOTE: You can also modify one side of any wall by using the [Single] command and following the
on screen prompts. Also note that any attached walls will automatically be adjusted for height.

• Fence the two gravity walls on grid line 3.

• De-select Options – Show Property – Column and Wall Elevations.

Construction Grids
In addition to these two grid systems, the model also needs a few construction grids to aid in the modeling
of certain features. Construction grids are useful for modeling loads or deck areas that do not fall exactly on
the framing. Construction grids will not appear in any other design module and they are not labeled. To
create a construction grid:

• Select Layout – Grids – Construction Grids.

• With the Add Mode set to Parallel-To-Beam/Wall type 0.5 (0.15) for the distance.

• Click [Add].

• With the cursor, select any of the beams along Grid A.

• Two parallel white lines 0.5 ft from grid A5 will appear. Click on or near the west (left) line to create
the new grid at that location.

• Repeat for Grid F.

• Right click to return to the Construction Grids dialog box.

• Change the Add Mode to Point-Angle

• Set the angle to 0 degrees, set the distance to 0.

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• Click [Add].

• With the “+” cursor, click at the grid coordinates A-2 and A-3.

These construction grids will aid in laying down the different deck planes.

• Select Layout-Slab-Deck Assign.

• Select the following:
One-Way Slab Action,
90 degree deck Orientation,
Noncomposite Framing System,
Non Composite-roof deck type from the list.

• Click [Add].

• Start at the slab edge near A-1 and move clockwise on the slab edge to A-2, F-2, F-1, and finish at A-
1 taking care to trace along the slab edge where available.

• Repeat for the planes enclosed by A-2, A-3, F-3, F-2 and A-3, A-4, F-3, F-4.

• The slab should look continuous in plan and 3-D view.
NOTE: You may want to try adding by whole floor to see how the sloping diaphragm is affected.

If you review the 3D view now you should be able to see the slope of the Roof.

Defining Loads
You will now define and apply the gravity loads for which the floor’s gravity system will be designed.
Loads must first be defined and then applied to the model.

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The applied loads on a typical floor consist of surface loads, including tapered snow loads, and line loads.
The gravity loads will be defined in the Load Properties dialog boxes. There are separate dialog boxes for
defining surface loads, line loads, point loads and snow loads. To define the Surface Loads:

• Select PropTable – Loads – Surface.

• Type Lower Floors for Label.

• Type 15 (0.75) for Dead Load.
These are only the superimposed dead loads on the slab. The weight of the beams, and slab are
already accounted for in the self weight.

• Type 40 (2) for Live Load.

• Set the Live Load Type to Reducible.

• Leave the Construction Dead Load and Construction live loads at zero. These are only used in
composite steel beam design and they are only required when there are construction loads greater
than the self weight.

• Type 15 (0.75) for Mass Dead Load. Mass Dead Load data is required in order to generate mass
properties for lateral analysis. If you have not selected the masses in the self weight criteria (RAM
Manager) enter 85 (4).

• Click [Add].

• Change the Label to Typical.

• Change the Live Load to 60 (3).

• Change the Mass Dead Load to 55 if the Mass self weight was not included.

• Click [Add].

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• Change the Label to Corridor

• Change the Live load to 80 (4)

• Change the type of load to Unreducible.

• Click [Add].

• Change the Label to Roof

• Change the Dead Load to 10 (0.5)

• Change the Live Load to 20 (1)

• Change the type of load to Roof.

• Change the Mass DL to 10 (0.5) or 25(1.25) (no mass included).

• Click [Add].

• Click [OK].

To define the Line Loads:

• Select PropTable – Loads – Line. The Line Load Properties dialog box should appear:

• Type Cladding for Label.

• Type 0.2 (3) for Dead Load.

• Type 0.2 (3) for Mass Dead Load.

• Click [Add].

• Change the Label to Atrium Glass.

• Change Dead Load and Mass Dead Load to 0.4 (6).

• Click [Add].
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• Click [OK].

Point load properties can be defined in a similar manner as the line and surface loads. Feel free to do so
now.

To define Snow Loads:

• Select Property Table – Loads – Snow.

• Type Flat Roof for the Label.

• Set the Type to Constant.

• Enter 30 (1.5) for the Snow Load magnitude.

• Click [Add].

• Change the Label to Drift Roof

• Change the Type to Drift

• Enter the three magnitudes 45, 45 and 30 (2, 2, 1.5).
When you layout the loads you can choose which corner of the load should be associated with the
values entered here. The snow loads you apply may have more than 3 corners, but only three are
required to define the load plane.

• Click [Add] and click [OK].

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Applying Loads
Now that the loads are defined, it’s time to apply them to the floor.

• Select the 2nd level type.

• Select Layout – Loads – Surface Loads.

• Highlight Lower Floors from the list box in the Surface Loads Layout Mode dialog box.

• Click [Whole Diaphragm].

• Click anywhere inside the diaphragms to add the load.

You should see the two floor diaphragms covered with a hatch pattern. At this stage you have the floor load
over the entire floor area. You could now place other loads over a portion of the floor (as in the case of
corridor, storage or equipment loads) and those loads would supersede (replace) the floor load in that area.
Surface loads are not cumulative.

• Select the 3rd Level type.

• Right click to return to the surface loads dialog box.

• Ensure the Lower Floors load is selected and click [Whole Floor].

• Right click to return to the assign dialog and select Corridor

• Click [Add].

• Click at the four corners of the corridor defined by the grids C-2, C-5, D-5 and D-2.
Snow loads are applied in much the same way as surface loads.

• Select Layout – Loads – Snow.

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• Select Drift Roof load type

• Click [Add].

• Start by clicking at the upper left corner of the canopy, then select the upper right corner, then
continue around clockwise around the slab edge close the polygon as indicated below.

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Snow Loads on the Canopy

• You will be prompted to select the 3 defining nodes of the snow load. Select the first two nodes that
you picked and the coordinate of the furthest point, in-order so that the load has the highest
magnitude across the north edge.

To layout the Line Loads:

• Select Layout – Loads – Line Loads.

• Highlight Cladding load from the list box.

• Click [Whole Perimeter].
A line indicating the load will appear along all perimeter beams. The line will be broken up into
segments, but this not a requirement when modeling line loads.

• Right click to return to the Line Load Layout Mode.

• Click [Delete – Fence].

• Fence the entire atrium to delete the line loads on the beams enclosing it.

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• Right click to return to the Line Load Layout Mode.

• Highlight Atrium Glass in the List

• Click [Add].

• Trace along the perimeter Atrium beams.

Add the Line loads to the 2nd level type in a similar fashion by clicking from column to column or wall.
NOTE: When adding line loads to a deck with no beams (two-way slab) you must add them by using the
[Add] command and clicking from column to column or wall. The [Whole Perimeter] command only
works if the perimeter of the structure is enclosed by beams or walls.

NOTE: Point Loads and Line Loads do not have to be placed directly on a beam for them to be recognized
by the program. When those loads are placed directly on the deck the program will distribute a portion of
the load to the adjacent framing based on the angle of the deck and the location of the load.

• Select the Typical level type.
• Select Layout – Loads – Surface Loads.

• Assign the Typical load to the [Whole Floor].

• Repeat the steps above for adding a Corridor load to this level.

• Select Layout – Loads – Line loads.

• Repeat the steps above for adding the Cladding load to the Typical level.

• Select the Roof level type.

• Assign the Roof surface load to the [Whole Floor].

• Select Layout – Loads – Line Loads and assign the Cladding load to the [Whole Perimeter].

• Select File – Save.

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Steel Beam Size Restrictions
You can assign specific sizes to steel beams using Layout – Beam – Assign Size which is nice for
evaluating existing structures. In this case, we want the program to pick the beam sizes for us, but we want
to make sure all the cantilever beams are the same

NOTE: When a gravity beam cantilevers over another beam or column, the behavior is assumed to be that
of a fulcrum. No moment is transferred into the supporting member. If you want moment to be transferred
as in the case of a fully restrained moment connection, then the beam and the support should be modeled as
Lateral members. With lateral members, you can control the end fixity of all the members.

• Select the 2nd level type.

• Set the Current Material to Steel.

• Select Layout – Beams – Size Restrictions.

• Check the Maximum depth limit and set it to 11 (275)

• Check the Minimum depth option and set it to 9 (225).
NOTE: These limits are literal limits on the beam depth. We are using a depth range here to insure
that we get nominal 10” beam.

• Click [Fence] and fence the entire Atrium canopy.
NOTE: While you are in the Steel material mode you cannot alter concrete beams.

• Repeat this for the 3rd story level Atrium beams.

With the Options – Set Show Options command, you can confirm the attributes assigned to the model
graphically. For example, you can use that feature to highlight all beams with an assigned size restriction.

• Select the Roof level type.

• Set the Current Material to Steel Joist.

• Right click and to return to the Size Restriction dialog.

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• Check to use only a Maximum Depth of 24 (600).

• Click [Fence] and select all of the joist girders on Line 3.

NOTE: For joist girders, the maximum depth field is used explicitly in labeling the member. These joists
will not be deeper than 24”, they will be exactly 24” deep. For more on the design labeling of joists and joist
girders, refer to the online documentation for the Steel beam module.

Brace Points
In the design of steel beams, the program automatically determines the unbraced length of the top and
bottom flanges. When a beam frames into a girder, that girder is braced on the top and bottom flange at that
location, but when a joist frames into a girder, only the top flange is braced by default.

• Set the Current Material back to Steel.

• Select Layout – Beams – Brace Points.

• Type 5 (1.6) for the Distance from selected span end.

• Check the Braces Bottom Flange box only.

• Click [Add].

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In the graphics mode, select one of the frame beams on Grid Line 4 and then pick at the left end. A yellow
triangle on the underside of the beam will appear. If top brace points are placed, the triangle would appear
on top.

• Repeat for the other end of the same lateral beam.

• Repeat for both ends of all the moment frame beams on Grid 4.

• Right click to return to the User Brace Point Layout dialog

• Change the Distance to 10 (3.2).
Continue adding brace points until there is one at or near each joist location on all lateral moment frame
beams. If you make a mistake select Edit Undo or use the Delete brace point option and remodel.

Web Openings

Steel beams can have openings modeled in the web. The size and the location of the opening must be
specified, but then the program can optimize the beam and the stiffener plates (when required). To model an
opening:

• Select the Typical level type.

• Select Layout – Beams – Web Openings – Add.

• For the Location, set the Horiz distance to 4 (1.25).

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• Set the Position in Web to Centered

• Set the Shape and Size to Rectangular

• Make the opening 10 (250) high by 12 wide (300).

• Click [Add].

• With the target cursor, select each one of the steel beams in the bay from E to F, 2 to 3.

• Pick the west end of those beams to place the opening relative to that end.

• Repeat for the rest of the beams indicated below.

Web Openings

Web openings which occur near the end of the beam or within a small distance of a supported beam will
always generate a warning in the design. For more information on web openings, refer to the Steel Beam
module on-line documentation.

NOTE: The program is equipped to model and design Smartbeams with repeated hexagonal or circular
openings down the length of the beam. This tutorial will not use any Smartbeams, however.

Layout Bracing
The next step in the layout of this structure is to define the vertical bracing system. The layout of vertical
bracing is performed in the elevation mode of the Modeler.

• Select View – Elevation Mode.

• With the cursor, select the frame on Grid A by selecting the Frame Beam or Shear wall. An elevation
of your frame will appear. Only the lateral members are displayed in this view.

In elevation mode, a new menu of commands is available to you. While some of the commands from plan
mode are included, other commands, such as Layout – Braces, are unique to elevation mode. To add braces:

• Select Layout – Braces – Add Standard.

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• Select the first Profile on the right for EBF braces.

• Enter 42 (290) for Fy

• Enter 24(600) for Link.

• Click [Single].

This will take you back to the elevation view:

• With the target cursor, click in the middle of the bay defined by the columns and beams of the 4th
level up to the Roof level.

• Select View – Plan Mode to return to the Plan View.

• Select View – Elevation View and pick the Frame on Line F.

• Select Layout – Braces – Add Standard.

• Select the 3rd (Inverted V) shaped profile.

• Enter 46 for Fy (315 for py)

• Click [Fence].

• Fence the bottom two steel frames to put the inverted V braces in the middle two levels.

• Right click to return to the add braces dialog.

• Select the standard “V” (the 4th profile) formation

• Click [Single].
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• Add this to the top bay of the frame.

• Select View – Plan Mode to return to plan mode.

Assigning Lateral Member Sizes
The RAM Steel Beam Design and RAM Steel Column Design modules optimize the design of the steel
gravity members. It is not necessary to assign sizes to these members. However, if you want the program to
use (check) a specific size for a particular gravity beam, the Assign Sizes command can be used to assign a
size to an individual gravity member. The selected member size would be checked for adequacy and no
design optimization will be performed for that member. If the steel beam is specified as composite then
RAM Steel Beam Design module will determine the number of studs required to meet the design criteria.

The lateral analysis performed in RAM Frame, on the other hand, requires that preliminary sizes be assigned
to the Lateral members in order to analyze those frames. The preliminary sizes can be assigned manually in
the RAM Modeler using the Assign Size commands, in RAM Frame using similar Assign Size commands,
or member size can be left out and the program will then automatically assign a size adequate for the gravity
loads only when the RAM Steel Beam and RAM Steel Column modules are executed.

• Select the elevation view of the braced frame on Grid A.

• Select Layout – Beams – Assign Size.

• From the list of sizes, select a W12x22 (UB305x102x33).

NOTE: You can simply type the section name in the box above the list or browse to it.

• Click [Fence].

• Fence all the beams of this frame.

• Select Layout – Columns – Assign Size.

• From the list of sizes, select a W10x33 (UC254x254x73)

• Click [Fence].

• Fence all the columns of this frame.

• Select Layout – Braces – Assign Size.

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• From the list of sizes, select a HSS5x5x3/8 (SHS120x120x6.3)

• Click [Fence].

• Fence all the braces of this frame.

• Repeat the same steps for the braced frame on line F.

That completes the braced frames, now you can move on to the moment frames.

• Select the elevation view of the Moment Frame on Grid 4.

• Assign all of the columns to be W14x48 (UC356x368x153) with a fence.

• Assign all the beams to be W16x40 (UB406x178x60).

• Return to plan view.

Assign Frame Numbers
Reference numbers, referred to as Frame Numbers, can be assigned to some or all the members of a frame.
RAM Frame uses these numbers to organize output to printed reports and screen output. While frame
numbers are not required by the program, they are an excellent way to organize output.

• Select View – Elevation Mode.

• With the cursor, select the frame on Grid 4.

• Select Options – Show Property – Frame Number. This command will cause the frame numbers of
each member to be displayed on the screen. Having these active while you make frame number
assignments provides visual confirmation.

• Select Layout – Frame Numbers.

• Check all four settings for Columns, Beams, Walls and Braces.

• Type 1 for Lateral Frame Number.

• Click [Fence].
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• Fence the entire frame. The frame numbers will change from 0 to 1. Any lateral member that is not
assigned a specific frame number is, by default, set to be part of Frame 0.

• Label the other frames as follows:
Braced Frame on Line A is #2,
Braced Frame on Gird F is #3.
(Refer to 3rd Floor Framing, Figure 1 on page 13, at the beginning of the Modeler section).

Frame Fixity
To change or review the member end fixities it is recommended that you display the end fixity on screen:

• Select Options – Show Fixity – All.

The default element fixity for lateral beams and columns is fixed in all degrees of freedom (Major, Minor,
Torsion). Gravity steel beams are always pinned, though concrete gravity beams can be fixed. The default
for braces is to be pinned in all directions.

The fixed condition is indicated by an “X” while a pinned end condition is indicated with an “O”. When all
fixity conditions are shown simultaneously, for the left or top end of a member, the first character (reading
left to right) is for the major axis, the second is for the minor axis and the third is for the torsion axis. For the
bottom or right end of the member the opposite order applies.

If the Frame numbers are interfering with the end fixity symbols then turn off the frame numbers by again
selecting Options – Show Property – Frame Number.

• Select the Elevation View of the Frame on Line A.

• Select Layout – Columns – Assign Frame Fixity.

The Assign Frame Column Fixity dialog box should appear. It has two sets of option buttons that give you
the choice of setting the column ends to fixed or pinned. One set is for the top of the column and the other
for the bottom.

• Set Major and Minor Axes of the Bottom to Pinned.

• Click [Single].
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• Select the third level columns (the bottom level of steel). Notice that the fixity display changes.

• Repeat for the braced frame on Grid F.
To change the Frame Fixity for the ends of the beams for the frame on Grid F only:

• Select Layout – Beams – Assign Frame Fixity.

• Set Major and Minor Axes of the Left and Right ends to Pinned.

• Click [Fence].

• Fence the entire elevation.

• Select View – Plan Mode.
This completes the layout of the frames. Now you can assign the fixity for all concrete beams.

• Select the 3rd level plan.

• Change the Current Material to Concrete.

• Select Layout – Beams – Fixity.

• Make sure all degrees of freedom are set to Fixed

• [Fence] the whole floor.

• Select File – Save.

Wall Openings
A lateral wall can be modeled with openings. Opening for doors and windows can easily be placed in the
walls. Openings can also be modeled that cross the edge boundaries of wall elements, but if the top edge of
the wall is going to be clipped by the opening we recommend that the wall be split into separate pieces.
Otherwise the floor framing might frame into the opening. To model an opening:

• Select View – Elevation Mode and select one of the walls on line 2.

• Select Layout – Walls – Wall Openings – Add.

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• For the Dimensions, type 8 (2.5) for H and 8 (2.5) for B

• For the Location, set the Reference corner to the Lower Left

• For the Distance in the X direction type 3.5 (1.2)

• For the Distance in the Y direction and 2 (0.75).

• Click [Fence].

• In the graphics mode, select all the walls in the view.

The opening will show as a black rectangle on the wall near the middle of the wall. The opening is tied to
this wall and if it should be altered (due to a change in the story height or a modification to the grids for
example) then the opening will maintain its position to the Reference corner. When an opening spans across
more than one wall segment, it is still associated with one wall or the other.

• Re-enter plan mode, then select the walls on Grid F to add a “Doorway” to the lower wall.

• For the dimensions use H=8(2.5), B=6(2), X=9.5(3), and Y=0.

• Click [Single].

• Click on the lower of the 2 walls.

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RAM Modeler

Wall openings can be changed using the command Layout – Walls – Wall Openings – Change. They can
also be deleted or reviewed using the delete and show options respectively. The wall openings are assigned
numbers and the numbers can be shown using Options – Show Property – Wall Opening Numbers.

Layout Foundations
The RAM Structural System also includes a module for the design of foundations. Like the other modules,
the foundations need to be modeled in the Modeler before they can be designed and they can be modeled
even if no license for the Foundation Design module is available. Below is a reference for the final
foundation layout. Note that the foundations are modeled on the lowest framed level, in this case the 2nd
floor. There is no need to define a separate foundation level.

Foundation Layout

NOTE: Foundations should be placed at the level where the column or wall stops. This is typically the
lowest level of a structure, but foundations may also be placed at elevated levels (e.g. in cases where you are
modeling a partial basement). The bottom of all columns and walls will always be supported whether a
foundation is modeled or not.

• Ensure the Floor type is set to 2nd.

• Select Layout – Foundations – Continuous – Add.

• Set the f’c to 4 (30).

• Set Unit Weight to 150 (2400).

• Set UW for Self-weight to 150 (2400).

• Set Fy to 60 (410).

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RAM Modeler

• Click [Add].

• In the graphics mode add a continuous footing by clicking once at Grid A-3 and again at Grid A-5.

• Add another footing under each of the lateral frames.

• Select Layout – Foundations – Single Column – Add.

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RAM Modeler

• Select all the same variables used with the continuous foundation.

• For the Orientation of the Footing’s Major axis, use Parallel to Column Web.

• Click [Single].

• Add a footing under each steel column and also the concrete columns on the perimeter.

• Right click to return to the Add Single command.

• Change the Footing Type to Pile Cap and click [Fence].

• Fence the interior columns on Grid 3.

• Select Layout – Foundations – Mat – Geometry.

• Type 2 (0.75) for the Edge Offset and click [Add].

• With the cursor, click at each of the 4 corners of the 2 elevator shafts. The program will add the

perimeter of the mat foundation to an area 3’ larger than the pit on all sides.

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RAM Modeler

• Select Layout – Foundations – Mat – Properties.

• Select the Mat Foundation

• Click [Whole Mat].

• In the graphics mode select anywhere within the mat perimeter and it should be filled in with a hatch
pattern.

NOTE: Mat foundations are currently not designed in the RAM Structural System. Due to the
increased interoperability of the program a mat foundation can exported to RAM Concept, for
example, to be designed for loads determined by the foundation program.

Renumber Members & Data Check
The program allows you to automatically reorder the members so that the first beam occurs in the lower-left
hand corner of the plan. The member numbers increase as you move left-to-right and bottom-to-top across
the screen. To renumber the members in the structure:

• Select Options – Renumber Members.

If you would like to see the member numbers on screen:

• Select Options – Show Property and choose from Column Numbers, Beam Numbers, Wall
numbers, etc.

The modeler includes a Data Check feature that verifies the layout of the model. If there are errors in your
model, the Data Check will print a detailed list of the errors and the steps necessary to correct the errors.
The Data Check can be invoked at any time during modeling to check for errors. Only the levels that are
included in the Story Data will be checked by the Data Check.

To perform the Data Check:

• Select Data Check.

The Data Check Options dialog box will appear:

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RAM Modeler

• Select Integrated.

• Click [OK].

If you have only the RAM Steel or RAM Concrete Design Modules, or if you only want to check the gravity
design sections of a model then select Gravity Only. The Frame Only option is used to verify that lateral
members have an assigned size and that all lateral members are supported by other lateral members all the
way down to the ground (plus a few other checks). The integrated data check does both.

If you receive any errors or warnings they can be viewed on screen. Review those aspects of the model and
follow the instructions given on how to solve the problem. Refer to the technical portion of the RAM
Modeler manual if you need further assistance.

Your model is now ready to be used to design the gravity and/or the lateral system. You can now proceed to
Beam, Column or Frame tutorials from here depending on the Modules you have licensed and information
you want to review.

• Select File – Save.

• Select File – Exit.

NOTE: If you have not completed the modeling of the structure as documented in the tutorial you may also
close the Modeler and open the file called Tutorial_v14_US_complete.rss which is installed with the
program. It is located in a sub-folder of default Data directory called Tutorial.

The completed model

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RAM Steel Beam Design

RAM Steel Beam Design
The RAM Steel Beam/Joist Module optimizes steel beams, Smartbeams and open web steel joists. Unsized
lateral beams are also assigned an optimum preliminary size based on gravity loads from one-way decks
only (and without consideration of end fixity or braces). Gravity beams and Smartbeams may be composite
or non–composite but must be covered entirely with composite deck to be designed as such. All beams in
this module are assumed to be simple supported and they are designed for Dead and Live Loads only. This
section can only be completed if you have installed the RAM Steel program and have a license available.

To invoke the gravity beam module from RAM Manager:

• Select Design – RAM Steel Beam. You can also click the second square button on the left side
depicting a steel beam.

When the Beam program is invoked for the first time after saving the model in the Modeler, the Framing
Table Options dialog box opens.

At this stage the program will apply surface, line and point loads to members, transfer loads to supporting
members and calculate Live Load Reduction factors (this is referred to as “Building the Framing Tables”).
The option to design the members is presented to the user before building the framing tables. Since the
design criteria have not been reviewed:

• Leave the option unchecked and click [OK].

Selecting a Floor type
At first the graphical screen is empty. To see the typical floor in the model:

• Select Typical from the drop-down combo on the toolbar.

This sets the Typical floor to the current floor in much the same way as it is done in the modeler.

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RAM Steel Beam Design

Design Codes
Steel beams may be designed per requirements of seven different codes including AISC 360-05 (ASD and
LRFD), Allowable Stress Design (ASD), Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD), Canadian
(CAN/CSA – S16.1 – 94), British (BS5950:1990 or 2000), Eurocode and AS 4100-98. Smartbeams may
only be design according to the ASD and LRFD codes. Joists are not designed by the program but rather
selected from the manufacturer’s table of Total and Live Load capacities. These tables are in the
RAM\Tables directory, they have the extension .JST and may be edited with any text editor. For more
information about design codes see the Design Codes Section in the RAM Steel Beam on-line
documentation. For more information about joist tables see the Tables section in the Manager manual.

To establish the design code for steel beams:

• Select Criteria – Steel Design Codes.

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RAM Steel Beam Design

• Select AISC 360-05 LRFD Steel Code (or use BS 5950:2000)

• Click [OK].

Design Criteria
The design of beams is guided by the various criteria set under the Criteria menu. For each of the design
modules it is critical that the user understand the criteria completely. In this tutorial you can use the default
criteria of modify the settings to match the values shown hereafter. Refer to the Steel Beam Module
documentation for a more detailed explanation of the various criteria.

NOTE: These criteria can also be set through the RAM Defaults Utility in RAM Manager so that future
projects use the setting you choose.

• Select Criteria – Design Defaults.

• Modify the defaults as indicated if using LRFD.

• Click [OK].

NOTE: When using different design codes, the wording of the criteria dialog boxes may vary slightly. In
some cases there are even code-specific options to choose. Below are the same options when using the BS
5950:2000 code.

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RAM Steel Beam Design

• Modify the defaults as indicated if using BS 5950.

• Click [OK].

When the Design Criteria are altered, a warning will pop up indicating the following:

• Click [OK] to proceed.

• Select Criteria – Deflection Criteria.

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RAM Steel Beam Design

• Set the L/d Default criteria for Unshored construction to L/360 for Post Composite Live Load, 240

for Post Composite Superimposed and 240 for Net Total.

• Set the Noncomposite criteria for Live load to 360 and the Net Total to 240.

Note that this tutorial has noncomposite steel beams (and joists) as well as composite, unshored beams.
There are no shored beams because there is no shored deck defined in the model.

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RAM Steel Beam Design

• Select Criteria – Camber – Composite.

• Modify the defaults as indicated above (similar for SI models).

• Click [OK].

• Select Criteria – Camber – Noncomposite

• Check the box that says Do not Camber.

• Click [OK].

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RAM Steel Beam Design

• Select Criteria – Stud Criteria.

• Modify the defaults as indicated above (similar for SI models).
• Click [OK].

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RAM Steel Beam Design

• Select Criteria – Web Openings.

• Modify the defaults as indicated above (similar for SI models) and click [OK].

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RAM Steel Beam Design

• Select Criteria – Joists.

• Modify the defaults as indicated above.

• Click [OK].

Design and Investigation
Beam members are now ready to be designed. The Process – Design All menu item may be selected to
perform the design of all beam members or the Process – View/Update menu item may be selected to look
at one particular member.

• Select Process – Design All.
The program will design all beams, Smartbeams and joists. In order to track beam self weight reactions, the
program designed the top level infill beams first, then moves to the girders and then repeats for the levels
below.

A dialog box may appear indicating that there are design warnings in the model. If so click [Yes] to review
the Design Warnings report. Click the “X” in the corner to close the report.

Design warnings always include the beam number. Beam numbers can be displayed in the Steel Beam
module using the command View – Show Beam Numbers.

A beam can be also by found using the Find-Beam command.

• Select View – Show Designs.
NOTE: The View – Zoom command may be used to better see the selected beam sizes. The View –
Scale Text command can be used to adjust the text size as necessary. All of these controls can also be
accessed through toolbar buttons.

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RAM Steel Beam Design

To investigate a selected member size:

• Select Process – View/Update.

Notice that the cursor now has a “target” shape. Also notice that at the bottom left corner of the
screen there is a prompt for the expected action saying “Select a Beam to Edit or Update”.

• Click on the beam on Grid D from 2 to 3 (in front of the elevator).

The View/Update Dialog box opens. This dialog box is used to investigate, modify and update the design of
single members. You can change size, shape, yield stress, section type, composite flag or stud configuration
and re-analyze the beam. For a complete explanation of how the program designs beams refer to the RAM
Steel Beam documentation.

To view the loads on the beam:

• Click [View Loads].
A Loads Report will come up showing the line and point loads on the beam. When there is a change in the
uniform load at a given location, the value is listed just to the left and right of that point.

• Click to exit the report.

To view the shear moment and deflection diagrams for the beam:

• Click [View Diagrams]
The following interactive dialog box opens:

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RAM Steel Beam Design

Notice that force and deflection magnitudes on the right hand side reflect the cursor location on the graphic.
The mouse automatically controls the cursor when on top of the diagrams. The diagrams for this beam may
be printed by clicking [Print] button in this screen.

• Click [Cancel] to return to the View/Update dialog box.

To inspect the complete design results for the beam:

• Click [View Results].

A Design Report will come up showing various calculations for the beam. This includes information about
the composite properties of the member, controlling moments used in the design (along with the applicable
unbraced length) and deflections. If the report is more than one page long, click the forward triangle or press
the Page Down key to see the next page. Take time to become familiar with this report. This report can also
be called in the reports menu at Reports-Beam Design-Single.

• Click to exit the report.

To check the design of a different section:

• Select W14x22 (UB356x127x33) from the Beam Size list box.

• Click [Analyze].
Another dialog box will open showing the new optimized stud configuration based on the new beam
size. In this case the required number of studs is less than in the original design. In other situations,
the user selected size might produce a design warning.

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RAM Steel Beam Design

• Click [OK] to accept the new stud configuration.

At this point you can go on to review the loads, diagrams or design results for the new trial section.

To override the optimum selection with this new design

• Click [Update Data Base].

• A warning will appear indicating that the new information will override optimization.

• Click [OK].

NOTE: When the Update Data Base command is performed, the new section size will be assigned to that
beam permanently (the design is “frozen”). You will receive a design warning if that design should ever fail
the strength or deflection checks that the program performs, but a new size will not be selected unless you
clear the beam size. This can be done from within the Modeler using a Clear Size command or in the Beam
Module by selecting Process – Clear Size – Single.

At this point you may wish to review other beams or joists in the model. The cantilevered beams on the 3rd
and 4th levels and the Joists on the Roof level are of particular interest.

When finished, look into the lower-right corner of the screen. A model status light (a.k.a. traffic light)
indicates the status of the model. At this time, the light should be yellow, indicating that there has been
some change to the model that has affected reactions on other members. This is the result of changing a
beam size in the View/Update dialog. The change in self-weight affects the reactions on other members.

To make sure all the designs are current:

• Select Process – Design All.
Notice that the model status light is now green which means that all beams in this model are
designed.

Another way to investigate a single beam is by using the RAM SBeam program. You can export any steel
beam from your models to the SBeam program(if currently installed) and investigate resize and design them
in a 3-d view not offered in the steel beam module. To do this ensure a current floor layout is displayed,
then select Process-Export to SBeam and use the target cursor to select a beam. See the SBeam manual
for further instructions on how to use the program.

Reports
All printable reports except for the shear, moment, and deflection diagrams are available under the Reports
menu item. The Reports – Map Fence and Reports – Map Floor reports print the plan view of a floor type

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RAM Steel Beam Design

with options to show surface, line and point loads together with beam designs. The Framing Check and
Connection Check reports check the intersection of beams and report possible fit-up problems. For a better
explanation of the various reports available see the Beam Manual.

To see any of these reports on the screen first:

• Pull down the repots menu. A check mark should appear next the Screen menu item. If not, select
Screen now. The other options (Printer, Text File, Viewer file) can be used to send the reports
directly to the print or to file.

The Summary Design report lists all gravity beams by Floor and by Number with the controlling Moments,
Section Size, Studs, etc. To see the Summary of beam designs for the tutorial model:

• Select Reports – Summary.

• When the “Items to Print” windows opens, check both Steel Beams and Joists, then Click [OK]

NOTE: If Smartbeams are included in a model, a third choice for Smartbeams appears in this dialog.

• Click to exit the report.

Feel free to review other design reports at this time. Of particular interest is the Material Takeoff report. The
Connection design report only functions after a connection table is written. Refer to the RAM Manager
documentation for instructions on creating connection check tables.

• Select File – Exit.

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RAM Steel Beam Design

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RAM Steel Column Design

RAM Steel Column Design
The RAM Steel Column Module is the module where gravity columns and gravity base plates are
optimized. Unsized lateral columns are also assigned a preliminary size. All columns in this module are
assumed to be simply supported and they are designed for Dead and Live Load applied on one-way decks
only. Base plates are optimized for Dead and Live Load only although the columns will be designed for
moments induced by the eccentricity of the supported beam connections. This section can only be
completed if you have installed the RAM Steel program and have a license available. To invoke the Steel
Column module from RAM Manager:

• Select Design – RAM Steel Column from the Manager. You can also click the third square button
on the left side depicting a steel column and Base Plate.

The graphical area will then show a 3D view of the building with the steel columns show in design colors
and the other members in grey. You might think of them as status colors. The various colors and the
meanings are listed below. (Note that you should only see yellow steel columns upon entering the steel
column program with the tutorial model).

Light
Blue

The column is not designable. This situation is
caused by one of three modeling errors:
1) column has a kinked situation which occurs
when there is a change in slope between the
columns when moving from one level to another
and there is no bracing in one or two axes
directions at the kink location,
(2) columns self-weight flag is switched on and it
has some columns above which cannot be designed,
(3) the steel column supports load from a two-way
deck.

Yellow The column is ready to be designed.

Green The column has been design and the design passes
all of the code checks.

Dark
Blue

The column has been designed, passed and has
been frozen.

Red The column has been design and failed one or more
code checks. All columns with failed designs are
shown in red regardless of whether they are frozen
or not.

• Select View – Colors – Model Colors.
The graphics will change to the pen colors used in the Modeler.

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RAM Steel Column Design

A third color option called Interaction Colors is available after the columns have been designed.

Besides altering colors, you may also want to change the information or members displayed in the graphics
window. To alter the text or members that are shown:

• Select View – Members.

This dialog box is organized by the various types of members. Each can be labeled with a variety of labels
or turned off completely.

• Click on the Misc. tab and Uncheck the Display of Foundations.

• Click [OK].

Sometimes it’s easier to work in Plan or Elevation mode than in 3D. If that’s the case you can select View –
Elevation or View – Plan. An additional option in the Steel Column module is to View – Column Plan.
This takes you to a compressed aerial view where you can see the entire 3D structure from above with no
perspective.
As with the Beam design module, a light in the lower right corner indicates the current status of the file.
When the designs are all current the light will be green.

Brace Points and Splice Levels
The RAM Steel Column module automatically detects the brace points for columns based on the framing.
When a beam or joist frames into a column it braces the column in that axis. In the case of skewed framing,
there is a maximum angle for which this is true.

• Select Criteria – Bracing.

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RAM Steel Column Design

Notice that the deck can also be sufficient to brace interior columns when there are no beams framing into it.
In some cases you may wish to alter the program determined brace points. To do so now:

• Select Assign – Bracing.

As soon as the command is started, the graphic will indicate the current brace locations using green triangles
in the plan of the bracing.

• Set the Major and Minor Axis to Unbraced

• Click [Single].

• Select each of the two levels of the sloping columns at R-2 to illustrate the process.

Column splices are also preset when entering the Steel Column Module. When we defined the story data in
the modeler, this also established the splice levels. When the story data was specified to have a splice at the
4th floor (story #3), that tells the program to change size for the columns above this level. The columns
between 4th and 5th floors won’t change size. There are exceptions to this rule, places where the program
will splice the column at non-splice levels. These automatic or temporary splice location result whenever the
column changes material, shape or orientation between levels. Lateral columns can also have splice at non-
splice levels since the column sizes are specified level-by-level.

• To view the splice locations Select View – Splicing.

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RAM Steel Column Design

The splices are indicated as red squares at the levels where the splice occurs. In practice, the splice will be a
few feet above the floor but for the purpose of design, the column size changes just above the level.

• Turn off the display of Splices using the toolbar button or use the View menu option again.

Design Criteria
Columns and Base Plates may be designed per requirements of five different codes including Allowable
Stress Design (ASD), Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD), Canadian (CAN/CSA – S16.1 – 94),
British (BS5950:1990 or 2000) and Eurocode. For more information about design codes see the Design
Codes Section in the RAM Steel Column documentation. To set the design codes:

• Select Criteria – Steel Design Codes.

• Select AISC 360-05 LRFD (BS 5950:2000) for the Column and Base Plate Steel Design Codes.

• Click [OK].

The Gravity Column program uses trial groups to optimize column sizes. In the Modeler, columns are
assigned shape (I, HSS, Pipe), material strength and orientation. The design of the columns is performed by
selecting the lightest adequate column size from a maximum of three column groups.
Column groups are identified by the section depth in the designation (e.g. W12, UC254, etc.). The program
will select the lightest column from the available column groups which are defined in the Column Design
Table.

• Select Criteria – Trial Group Defaults.

• Check to use each of the three trial groups. If you want to consider fewer options, uncheck one of the

Trial groups on the left.

• For each shape there are a number of trial groups available to choose from.

• For US models, select the trial groups listed in the figure above. For SI models using the RAMUK
tables, select the following:

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RAM Steel Column Design

• Click [OK].

If any changes are made to the trial groups, you will receive a message asking if you want to assign new
trial groups to existing column lines.

• Click [Yes].

NOTE: This criteria applies to the whole model globally. When one column line needs to be designed using
a different sizes, they may be assigned to that column line by selecting the Assign – Trial Groups
command.

Column Design and Investigation
The columns are now ready to be designed. The Process – Design All menu item may be selected to
perform the design of all columns or the View/Update menu item may be selected to look at one particular
column line.

• Select Process – Design All.

Once complete, the view will automatically shift to showing the interaction colors. A dialog box labeled
Color Scale opens.

NOTE: This box may be moved if it is in the way of a menu item or icon you wish to use.

• Click [Show Values] to see the interaction values on screen.

Notice that all of the columns are checked, even the lateral columns. It is important to note that the design of
the lateral columns is not complete. So far, the columns have been checked for gravity loads only (and those
loads are based on simple, tributary areas). The effect of moment connections, braces, and lateral loads is
only examined in RAM Frame.

When a column spans multiple levels, each segment of the column will be checked independently, but each
will use the overall, multi-story unbraced length in the design. To review the results for a particular
member:

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RAM Steel Column Design
• Select Process – View/Update.

• Click any part of the Sloping Column at Grid R-2.

The interactive View/Update dialog box that opens has many important functions. In the upper left corner is
the final design, the sizes selected by the program for each level. If there are more than 8 stories, the slider
on the right side will allow you to scroll down. Information about the splicing, bracing and yield stress of
the columns as well as the current interaction ratio also appear in the upper left area.

If a sloping column is selected you will notice a series of colors indicating dependencies of that column. For
more information on column dependencies see the steel column manual by clicking Help-Manual.

In the upper right area are the results for the three trial groups (assuming three were used). The program will
select the lightest working design from the three trial groups. In this case, there were no HSS6x6 columns
sufficient to support the loads with no intermediate bracing so the Trial Group 1 indicates “None Worked”.
Either HSS10x10 or HSS 12×12 will work, but the 10×10 sections are lighter, so they were selected by
default.

When the View/Update dialog opens for a particular column line, the top column of the column line will be
highlighted in white between splices. In this case, that is the 3rd level only.

• In the Size drop down combo box, change the section size to HSS9x9x3/8 (SHS200x200x8.0).

• Click [Analyze].

• The interaction value listed on the Story – Analyze tab is adjusted for the new size.
NOTE: At this time, nothing in the grid has changed. The original optimized size and interaction
value are still listed under the Final Design.

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RAM Steel Column Design

• Click [Select] to move that size up to the final design section for that level. The interaction values
above will then be adjusted. If the design should fail, the interaction value will be written in red. A
design warning will also appear in the Design Warnings list box.

Notice that the weight of the column is also updated to reflect the change in size.

• Click [Update Database] to return to the graphics screen.
Update Database results in the new size being saved as a user assigned or “Frozen” size. The column
line will now be drawn in Dark Blue if the design passed.

Now we will investigate the design of another column line.

• Click on the column line at B-1.
Initially the Roof column of the column line is highlighted.

• Click on the Story cell labeled 4th.
NOTE: If a View/Update is done on a column line containing floors with unspliced levels,
highlighting one of the floors (4th for example) causes the program to highlight the continuous levels
together.

• Change the Size to W10x39

• Click [Analyze].

The result of the controlling column segment (in this case the 4th floor controls) will be indicated on the
Story – Analyze tab.

Do NOT click the Select button to choose this new size as part of the final design.

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RAM Steel Column Design

• Click in the Roof cell under Story to select the Roof level.

• Press [Select T.G. 2]. Notice that all levels are changed to the selected size.

• Click [Analyze].

To review the results for the selected column:

• Click [View Results].

The design report starts with the top level. Click page down to proceed to the other levels. Notice that the
columns are being designed for axial loads and moments using the full unbraced length. The moments are a
result of the eccentricity of the beam connections. The column eccentricity may be set in the Modeler using
Layout – Columns – Assign Eccentricity. The program considers all possible patterns of live load when
evaluating the column design and the governing combination of patterns used at the top and bottom of the
column determines the design data that is reported here. To turn off the skip loading altogether, go to
Criteria – Design Defaults. Refer to the technical notes in the RAM Steel Column documentation for an
explanation of the design methods and results.

• Click to exit the report.

• This time exit the View/Update dialog using the [Close] button.
Notice that the column line is drawn in green rather than dark blue. By closing the dialog without
doing an Update Database, this column line will continue to be optimized as the model changes.

In the graphics mode, the column now appears with the modified interaction colors. Feel free to
View/Update other columns in the model.

The Story – Optimize and Column Line tabs provide other options for investigation. Using the Story –
Optimize tab for example, you can see what size “HSS” section would work for the column at B-1 even
though it was initially modeled as an I section.

Copy and Clear User Sizes
If you have one column saved with the sizes you want to keep, that column line design can be easily copied
to other column lines.

• Select Process – Copy from the menu bar.

• A target cursor with an arrow pointing to 2 o’clock now appears. At the bottom left corner of the
screen the program indicates that you should select the column line to copy from:

• Select the Column at Grids R-2. The cursor changes slightly and a new message at the bottom left
corner of the screen indicates to now select the column line to copy to.

• Click the Column at Grids R-4 (you can rotate the model or view in it in elevation mode if
necessary).

At this point, the program is going to make the column at R-4 just like the column at R-2. This saves you the
step of performing a View/Update on all columns with identical designs.

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RAM Steel Column Design

NOTE: If the new design is insufficient for the column at R-4, then a warning message will pop up asking if
you want to cancel the operation.
At certain stages of the project you might want to freeze the column designs without making any changes to
the program selected sizes.

• Select Process – Freeze Design – Column line.

The Target cursor will appear and any column line you select will be frozen. The sizes will not be re-
optimized by the program unless cleared first. Using the [Update Database] button in the View/Update
dialog box is the same as freezing a column line.

User assigned or frozen column sizes may be cleared by using one of the Process – Clear Design
commands from the menu.

NOTE: Process – Clear Design – All will only clear sizes from the gravity columns. If you want to clear
the sizes of lateral columns, you must use the Process – Clear Design – Column Line command.

Reports
Several reports are available from the Reports Menu including all Summary Reports for column, column
loads and base plate design.

Because the program alternates Live Loads on columns to obtain the controlling combination of unbalanced
moment and axial loads, the Column Summary report should not be used to obtain maximum loads at
column bases. The total loads are reported in the Loads Report or Loads Summary report. A steel takeoff of
all gravity columns is also available from the Reports menu:

• Select Reports – Takeoff.

• Click to exit the report.

• Select File – Exit.

NOTE: You can save your model at any time form any module, but you are not required to save before
exiting. If you close the Manager completely or change to another model, then the program will prompt you
to save any recent changes.

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RAM Steel Column Design

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RAM Frame – Analysis

RAM Frame – Analysis
This section illustrates the analysis and design of the lateral frame elements in an integrated model. This
section can only be completed if you have licensed and installed the RAM Frame module. You may begin
with the model that you generated in the previous portions of this tutorial, or you may open the model called
Tutorial_v14_US_Complete.RSS from the RAM Manager.

RAM Frame Basics
A little background information is needed before beginning work with the RAM Frame program. RAM
Frame has three modes of operation, Analysis mode, Steel Post Processing Mode and Drift Control Mode.

In Analysis Mode, the structure is analyzed for individual load cases. Results for the member forces,
reactions, drift etc can be obtained for the individual load cases in the Load Cases sub-mode, or the results
can be combined in the Load Combinations sub-mode.
In Steel Mode, the previously analyzed load cases are combined and used to determine their design status
of steel members. Various design codes can be selected to perform code checks. The steel Mode is sub-
divided in to Standard Steel Provisions (e.g. LRFD 3rd edition) and a Special Seismic Provisions (e.g.
AISC Seismic Provisions for Structural Buildings).

The third mode, Drift Control allows you to investigate the relative participation of the various members
with the structure related to the control of drift. The Steel mode and Drift Control modes are discussed in the
following sections of this tutorial.

Concrete members that are designated as Frame Members are analyzed in RAM Frame, but their design is
performed in RAM Concrete.

To invoke RAM Frame from the RAM Manager:

• Select Design – RAM Frame or click the 4th square button that depicts part of a braced frame.

When the framing process is complete, a three dimensional wire-frame view of your model will appear on
the screen.

The RAM Frame program has a toolbar from which many commands can be issued with just a click of the
mouse button. As with the other modules, this tutorial will present the commands as selected through the
menus. There are two pull-down lists in the second row of buttons than can be used to switch the program
mode and sub-mode. They are also useful for checking the mode you are currently in. The Status Bar at the
bottom of the screen also tells you which RAM Frame mode you are currently working in. It also has a light
to indicate the status of the current model. If the status indicator light is red, the model has not yet been
analyzed. A yellow light is used when the results are available, but may not be absolutely current due to a
change in member size for example.

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RAM Frame – Analysis

NOTE: Upon entry into the RAM Frame program, you are always placed in Analysis Mode – Load Cases
Sub-Mode. An analysis of the load cases is required before the other modes can be entered.

The View menu has controls for displaying general model information such as finite element node numbers
or to modify the rotation of the 3d view. To view the Wall Mesh for example:

• Select View – Meshed Walls.

Notice how the mesh works around the openings in the south walls.

Help is available in any of the following ways:

Allowing the cursor to rest on top of a toolbar button causes a Tool Tip to appear, as well as a brief
explanation of the command in the status bar.

Each dialog box has direct access to its related help topic via a help button.

The Help index is also accessible from the main menu.

General Analysis Criteria
Before performing the analysis you should always establish your criteria using the Criteria menu. To set the
general analysis criteria:

• Select Criteria – General.

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RAM Frame – Analysis

• Set Rigid End Zones to Include Effects and Type 50 for Reduction %. This means that the beams in

the rigid frames will be shorted in the analysis to the face of the column.

• Set Member Force Output to At Face of Joint (when using rigid end zones you have no choice).

• Set P-Delta to Yes and Type 1 for Scale Factor. This means that second-order, P-Delta effects will be
calculated for all load cases utilizing the building mass Dead Load as the P in the P-delta
calculations. If you wanted to also consider part of the Live Loads in the P-Delta calculations, then
you can increase the value somewhat.

• Check the Use Reduced Stiffness for Steel Members checkbox, and click on the τb = 1 radio button.

• For the Wall Mesh set the Max. Distance Allowed between Nodes to 8 (2.5). This means that the
program will mesh the walls in such a way that no single element is more than 8’ on a side (though
they may be smaller due to geometric constraints). More Mesh options are available by clicking the
[Advanced] button.

• Check the Store Wall Stresses checkbox for use in the Concrete Shear wall module.

• Click [OK].

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RAM Frame – Analysis

Diaphragm Criteria

• Select Criteria – Diaphragm.

By default, all floor levels are assumed to be Rigid diaphragms. A rigid diaphragm creates a horizontal
constraint for all of the nodes connected to it. For sloped levels, the diaphragm constraint is still horizontal.
The size of the diaphragm is dictated by the extent of the slab edge. Since we entered the information for
our Semirigid diaphragm in modeler, we will demonstrate now how that information is used.

• Click in the cells for the Roof and both diaphragms on the 2nd floors.

• Select Semirigid from the drop down combo box.

• Enter 1 for the “Hard Node Density Factor”

• Leave the other floors as Rigid.

• Click [Disconnect].

• Make sure the option is checked. This means that any lateral elements that fall outside of the slab

edge will automatically be disconnected from that diaphragm. Internal nodes on beams occur in
places like our chevron braces where the beam is intersected by another lateral member.

• Set the Semirigid Diaphragm Controls at the bottom of the dialog as shown below.

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RAM Frame – Analysis

• Click [OK]
NOTE: For more information on diaphragm types click Help-Manual.

• The Semirigid diaphragm uses a Finite Element Mesh similar to the wall mesh for shear walls. To see

the floor mesh, click on View-Meshed Floors or use the menu button on the toolbar as seen above.

Ground Level
The Criteria – Ground Level command is used to specify the level at which the ground intersects the
structure.

• Select Criteria – Ground Level.

The default is for the ground level to be at the base of the model. In this tutorial the default will be accepted
and no changes need be made. When a level other than the base is selected as the ground level two things
will happen. First, the program generated loads will be adjusted for the new building height and the forces
will be applied to the above ground levels only. Second, the ground level and any level below grade will be
laterally restrained as if by a vertical roller.

• Click [OK].

Redundancy Factors
Redundancy factors are determined by the program and then used to modify the load factors applied to the
seismic load cases in the generated load combinations. It’s important to note that the redundancy factors
always calculated for every seismic load case, even if your model is in an area of low seismic activity. They
only apply to US codes.

• Select Criteria – Redundancy Factors.

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RAM Frame – Analysis

• For the Code choose IBC 2000/2003 (when code references are separated with a slash, it indicates

that the two codes are identical).

• Set the other variable as indicated above and click [OK].

Assign Menu Options
In order for the program to perform a Finite Element Analysis, every lateral member must have an assigned
size. For our model, that was initially done in the Modeler, but the assign menu in RAM Frame can also be
used to assign sizes to lateral members as we will illustrate below for braces we want to make Buckling
Restrained Braces.

Buckling Restrained Braces require you to designate a section that is appropriate for the core (yielding
section) of the Buckling Restrained Brace. In this model we will assign a solid rod to the bottom braces of
the Frame along Grid F and a flat bar to the braces of the level above. This frame will become our Buckling
Restrained Brace Frame.

To Assign a Round Bar to the bottom braces.

• Select View-Elevation and click on any beam in the frame along Grid F (the chevron braced frame).

• Select Assign – Braces – Size.

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RAM Frame – Analysis

• Select the Material, Shape and Size as illustrated.

• Click Assign [Fence]
The Fence cursor will appear, fence the braces of the lower chevron braces.

Repeat this exercise to assign a flat plate (1/2×6) to the next level of chevron braces to end up with a
frame sizes as shown below.

Obviously these braces are small and slender so to appropriately design we designate these as Buckling
Restrained Braces.

• If you are not still in elevation mode select View-Elevation and click on any beam in the frame along
Grid F (the chevron braced frame).

• Select Assign – Braces – Buckling Restrained.

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RAM Frame – Analysis

• Select Assign Brace as Buckling Restrained

• Enter 1.4 for Axial Stiffness Multiplier.

• Click Assign [Fence].

Buckling Restrained Frame

• In the graphics mode, Fence all of the lower two chevron braced frame stories.
As the assignments are made, a symbol illustrated above will appear in the middle of the Buckling
Restrained Brace with the assigned multiplier value shown.

When complete if you want to turn off the labels:

• Select View – Reset Model.

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RAM Frame – Analysis

To learn more about buckling restrained braces and their impact on analysis and design refer to the RAM
Frame Steel Design Manual.

A variety of information, including the tension-only symbols, the member sizes, end fixity, etc. can all be
displayed on screen using the command View – Members similar to the Steel Column module
command of the same name.

The assign menu commands can also use used to assign diaphragm connections, frame numbers, wall group
numbers and foundations springs.

Mass and Exposure
The load cases for which the structure is to be analyzed and designed must be defined. User defined and
program generated load cases can be created. If the program is to automatically generate seismic load cases
it requires information on the structure’s mass properties, and for the program to generate wind loads, the
building’s dimensional properties are required. (Mass information is also used any time that second order
analysis is performed).

In this model all of the information required by the program to generate seismic and wind forces is already
provided. If desired, this data can be overridden. Only the building extents affecting wind generated forces
will be modified in this example.

• Select Loads – Exposure.

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RAM Frame – Analysis

The extents that were determined by the program using the slab edges of the model are listed in the Building
Extents portion of the window. To change those values:

• Select Use Calculated Values.

The Parapet field is used to indicate the height of the parapet. If a parapet height is specified, additional
wind loads will be attributed to that level. If there is another level above the level with a parapet, then the
additional wind loads will only get applied to the portion of the lower level that is wider than the level
above.

The Exposure column is used to indicate if a particular level does not resist wind loads at all. This might be
the case if there is only a partial slab at that level (such as in a mezzanine or stair landing between floors).
By changing the exposure flag from Full to None a level is designated as having no exposure, and the wind
force is distributed to the adjacent levels instead.

• Click [OK].
It’s important to note that the program does not currently calculate wind uplift pressures. The program only
calculates horizontal wind forces and applies them to the meshed nodes if the deck is meshed, and the
magnitude of the force at the roof level is based on the height of the meshed surface.

NOTE: For Rigid diaphragms the horizontal wind forces are applied at the story height. Modifying the
elevations of the columns has no direct impact on the horizontal wind force.

For structures that are partially shielded or structures that have more than one windward and leeward face,
the wind loads will have to be entered as User Defined Story Forces (or Nodal Loads), rather than using the
code generated lateral loads as done in the next section.

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RAM Frame – Analysis

Wind Load
This model already includes the gravity load cases created in the Modeler. These loads cannot be modified
or deleted within the RAM Frame program. If other load cases are to be considered, such as Wind Loads,
Seismic Loads or Dynamic Loads, they must be created in RAM Frame. To define a Wind Load case:

• Select Loads – Load Cases.

• Type Wind in the Label edit box.

• Click the Wind option button under Type.

• Click the down arrow to access the wind load building code selection list and select ASCE 7-05 /
IBC 2006 (BS6399: Part 2: 1997)

• Click [Add].

The Wind dialog box should appear allowing you to define specific characteristics of the wind load:

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RAM Frame – Analysis

• Fill out all the fields as indicated in the figure above for US models.

NOTE: In the section marked Natural Frequency, the load is set to use the calculated n. In order to
calculate the building frequency for Wind Load (or period for seismic load) the model must have
rigid diaphragm levels with masses defined. If diaphragm masses are zero the load case will not run.

• For SI models, select the BS6399: Part 2: 1997 as the building code rather than ASCE 7-05 and set
up the load as indicated below.

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RAM Frame – Analysis

• Click [OK].

New load cases are now added to the Load Cases list box, one for each direction selected in the direction
box. Some building codes require consideration of winds eccentric to the building. This results in additional
wind load cases. Since the wind load here was created with additional tension-only load cases, both the
positive and negative direction load cases appear in the list.

Seismic Load
Seismic loads are input similar to wind loads.

• In the Load Cases dialog, type Seismic in the Label edit box.

• Select the Seismic option under Type.

• Click the down arrow to access various building codes and select ASCE 7-05/IBC06 Equivalent
Lateral Force option.

• Click [Add].

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RAM Frame – Analysis

• In the dialog that opens, fill in the fields as indicated in the previous figure.

NOTE: Ss and S1 are percentage of gravity values. Also note that the program is set to use the
calculated period, but if the calculated period should exceed the upper bound limitation of the code,
that maximum period will be used.

• Click [OK].

8 new load cases are added to the Load Cases list box, this covers the different directions and horizontal
eccentricities.

• Without closing the Load Cases dialog, type Modes in the Label edit box.

• Select the Dynamic option under Type.

• Leave the drop down list set to Eigen Solution.

• [Add].
The Eigen Solution dialog box should appear allowing you to define the number of periods you wish
to generate.

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RAM Frame – Analysis

NOTE: When Semirigid diaphragms are generated the program has to calculate how many degrees of
freedom the structure contains, then determine how many modes are associated with those degrees of
freedom. For demonstration purposes use the number of floors times 6 here. A higher number may be
needed for the code required participation, but this should be sufficient for this tutorial.

• Click [OK] to select the default number of periods.

• Without closing the Load Cases dialog, type Center in the Label edit box.

• Select the Center of Rigidity option under Type.

• Click [Add].
NOTE: The center of rigidity load case has no options and does not affect the analysis at all, it simply
allows you to review the center of stiffness graphically in the model.

• Without closing the Load Cases dialog, type Notional in the Label box

• Select the AISC 360-05 (BS 8110) Load case in the Notional drop down menu.

• Click [Add].

• Click [OK] to create Notional Loads with the above defaults.

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RAM Frame – Analysis

• Click [OK] to exit the Load Cases Dialog box.

If you need to edit any of the load cases you can select the load case in the Load List at the bottom of the
Load cases window and click Change. When a load with multiple cases is selected, like wind load, the full
set of loads will be edited together.

Analysis
You have now defined all the load cases for which the frames will be analyzed. To start the analysis and
display the Analyze dialog box:

• Select Process – Analyze.

The Analyze dialog box displays all the load cases available for analysis. Those load cases which are
preceded by a green dot are available to be analyzed. A red light means that something is preventing that
load case from being analyzed (e.g. no diaphragm or diaphragm masses are defined). In this example all
load cases should be available.

• Click [Select All].

• Click [OK].

The analysis will commence and a status message box will keep you informed of the progress. Upon
completion of the analysis, click [OK] and notice that the status indicator light on the status bar turns green
(if the self weight reactions of beams and columns are not current then he light will be yellow – see the
RAM Manager documentation for a complete explanation on status lights). This indicates that the structure
has now been analyzed for each of the load cases selected, and analysis results can be viewed for each load
case separately.

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RAM Frame – Analysis

If there is a stability problem with your model it will result in a warning during the analysis. Adjusting the
member fixity can usually correct a stability problem. If there is too little stiffness in your structure, and the
analysis is being performed with the P-Delta consideration, that might result in an excess P-Delta warning.
You will see a message about the springs taking some of the lateral load. To see the report select Reports-
Spring Forces.

The results of the analysis of each load case can now be viewed either on-screen or in printed reports. In
either case you can select the load case(s) for which you want results displayed. If you have analyzed many
load cases you may find your reports to be quite lengthy. The Reports – Select Cases command acts as an
“Output Filter”, allowing you to select which load cases will appear in the output.

View/Update
The Process – View/Update command provides information about an individual selected member. While in
the Analysis mode for Load Cases, it provides access to the individual member results for each load case
analyzed. The View/Update command also allows you to change the member size if desired. To review the
results for an individual member:

• Select Process – View/Update.

• Click the cursor on one of the Roof beams in a moment frame.

• Click [View Results].

• Scroll through the report and get familiar with format of the output.

• Click to exit the report.

• Selecting another member size does not immediately affect the member forces, but if the member
size is updated, the status light will change to yellow until the analysis is performed again.

It is not necessary to close the dialog box before selecting another member to View. Just click the target
cursor on any other lateral member and the dialog box will be updated.

• Click [Close] to close the View/Update dialog box.

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RAM Frame – Analysis

Member Forces
The analysis results may also be displayed on-screen. While in Load Cases mode all results, whether on-
screen or in reports, are for the individual, unfactored load cases. By switching to the Load Combinations
mode and generating load combinations, you can also review the combined values for reactions, member
forces and deflections.

• Select Process – Results – Member Forces.

• In the Load Case Member Forces dialog box that opens, select the first Wind Load case.

• Click [OK].

• In the Load Case Member Forces dialog that opens, select Shear – Major as the Force type.

• Check the box labeled Show Diagrams with a Scale Factor of 1.

• Click [Apply].

• The 3D graphic will now indicate the member strong axis (Major) shear values diagrammatically.

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RAM Frame – Analysis

NOTE: The commands in the View menu, such as Zoom, View – Extents, View – Options – Scale
Text and View – Members, can be used to make the output on the screen more readable (see the on-
line Help for instructions).

To review forces in Elevation view

• Select View – Elevation and select one of the Moment Frame beams.

• To view the member forces that resulted from a different load case click the [Change Case] button
in the Load Case Member Forces dialog box.

• Highlight the Dead Load.

• Click [OK].

• Set Force Type to Axial.

• Click [Apply].

• Click [Close] to close the Load Case Member Forces dialog box.
Your last force display remains on the screen. Use the View – Reset Model command to clear the
display.

Deflected Shape:
The deflected shape which results from applying any of the load cases can be viewed on screen. This is a
great way to identify any unusual model behavior.

• Select Process – Results – Deflected Shape.

• In the Load Case Deflected Shape dialog box that opens highlight the first Wind load case,
Wind_IBC06_1_X.

• Click [OK].

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RAM Frame – Analysis

• In the Load Case Deflected Shape dialog type 100 for Scale Factor.

• Click [Apply].
NOTE: If the Include Undeflected Shape box is checked, then both the deflected and undeflected
shapes will be displayed.

• Click [Start].
NOTE: The scale factor and speed can be altered and the animation can be restarted if necessary.

• Click [Stop].

The deflected shape for other load cases can be displayed by clicking the [Change Case] button and
making a new selection from the list box.

• Click [Close].

• Click View – Reset Model.

Mode Shape
If an Eigen Solution load case has been analyzed, then the Modal Shapes menu choice can be selected:

• Select Process – Results – Mode Shapes.

• In the Mode Shapes dialog box that opens click [Start].

The on-screen graphic will be animated to show the first principal mode of the structure. In this tutorial,
that’s the principal X mode, the period of which will is used in the seismic load calculations.

• When finished, click [Stop].

• Change the Mode number to 2 and click [Apply] or [Start].

• When finished, click [Close].

As with the Member Forces and Deflected Shapes, [Close] removes the dialog box from the screen and the
View – Reset Model returns you to the screen display you had prior to issuing this command.

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RAM Frame – Analysis

Drift
A drift report for all the load cases can be displayed on screen for any point on the model. The Drift report
will only include the load cases selected using the Select Cases button. The drift is only reported for
locations within the diaphragm. For points outside the diaphragm or points on levels with no diaphragm,
zero drift is always reported. In those cases, the report – Nodal Displacements can be used. To view a Drift
Report for a point:

• Select Process – Results – Drift – At a Point.

• In the Select Plan dialog box that opens, Highlight Roof from the list box.

• Click [OK].

• This takes you back to the graphics screen. Click the cursor on any point on the floor plan to view
drift for that point for all load cases.

• This report starts with a listing of the load cases by name. Click the Forward arrow “►” to continue
to the next page where the results begin. The report includes the total displacement as well as the
inter-story displacement.

• Click to exit the report.

Upon exiting the drift report, you are returned to the floor plan with the target cursor indicating that you are
still in Results – Drift – At a Point mode. You can either continue investigating drift at other points or
issue other commands.

A drift report for up to four predefined points, can also be displayed on screen. To Obtain a Drift Report at
Control Points:

• Select Process – Results – Drift – At Control Points.

The Drift at Control Points dialog box will appear on the screen:

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RAM Frame – Analysis

• In the row marked 1 type 0 for X and 0 for Y (you can use the arrow or tab keys to move from cell-

to-cell..

• In the second row type 125 (40) for X and 60 (18) for Y.

• Click [View Results] to get the drift values at these two corners of the building.

• Click to exit the report.

Reports
Many different reports can be generated from the results of the analysis of the structure subject to the
various load cases. All reported values are for the unfactored, uncombined load cases while in Load Cases
Mode. In the next section you’ll see how to get combined results. Printed output is generated using the
Reports menu, but the reports can be viewed on screen as well.

• Select Reports – Screen (if it’s not already checked).

• Select Reports – Reactions.

• Click [Unselect All].

• Highlight 2 from the Frame Number list box.

• Click [OK]. The Frame Reactions report should come up for the support nodes of Frame #2 only.
NOTE: The report can be printed from within the report viewer or it can be printed directly to the
printer by selecting Reports – Printer, rather than Reports – Screen.

• Click to exit the report.
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RAM Frame – Analysis

Feel free to review other reports. Some of the reports can be quite long and make take some time to generate
onto the screen.

Load Combinations
The Load Combinations Mode allows you to manually define or generate a set of custom load
combinations. The member forces and other analytical results from those combinations of load cases can
then be displayed on screen or reported. If your model is made of steel frames and if you are going to be
using the RAM Frame – Steel Mode for the design of those frames, then there will be a separate set of load
combinations defined in that mode which are used only in the steel member design. To initiate the Load
Combinations Mode:

• Select Mode – Analysis – Load Combinations.

The mode will change and some of the menu options will be affected.

• Select the new menu item Combinations – Custom Combinations.

The program can generate load combinations using templates. The templates are text files stored along with
the rest of program tables. The templates are grouped in categories like Concrete combos, Soil Combos,
LRFD combos, etc. Those templates are further broken down by building code (at least in the US).

• In the Custom Load Combinations dialog box that opens select CONCRETE_ACI
(CONCRETE_BRITISH) as the template ID.

• In the Code for Combinations select ACI 318-08 (BS8110 1997).

Different codes modify load combinations in various ways and the program doesn’t always know which
approach to take. In the case of ACI 318-08 load combinations, the program needs to know if the seismic

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RAM Frame – Analysis

load was initially defined as a service level load case or an ultimate load case. In our case, the ASCE 7-05
seismic load case we defined was an ultimate level load case.

• Uncheck the first box labeled Seismic is Service. Multiply by 1.4

• Leave the second box checked, this model did utilize the Kd factor in our wind load case (for British
code users check the box labeled Use 0.9 Instead of 1.0 for Dead Load Factor).

• Click [Generate] and the program will generate the full set of code combos. This could result in
several hundred load combinations. The new load combinations are automatically checked to be
Used. You can uncheck any of the boxes in the “Use” column to inactivate a particular load
combination without deleting it entirely.

NOTE: If you generate more load combinations in the Custom Load Combinations dialog box, those
additional combos are appended to the end of the list.

Now the analysis results of the selected load combinations can be viewed using the same commands as
described in previous sections.

• Select Report – Member Force Envelope – Single.

• Select any lateral member.

The program will generate a report of the minimum and maximum forces in that member for any load
combination. The envelope values reports are algebraic. In other words, the minimum moment might be a
bigger negative number than the maximum, positive moment. Note that the maximum value may occur at
the end or at any point along the length of the member. The location of the maximum force, along with the
load combination which produces it are both reported.

• Select Mode – Analysis – Load Cases to return to that mode.

You have completed the analysis of the structure for each of the individual load cases. You will now
proceed to design your frame members using combinations of those loads.

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RAM Frame – Shear Wall Analysis Module

RAM Frame – Shear Wall Analysis Module
Whether your shear walls have opening in them or not, the RAM Frame – Shear Wall Analysis module can
be used to get more precise information about the force in the lateral walls.

To start the Shear Wall Analysis Module:

• Select Process – Results – Wall Analysis Results.
The program launches a separate application in the 3D view akin to the Steel Column module. Most of the
actions in this mode are done from an elevation view of a shear wall.

• Select View – Elevation and select the wall elevation on Grid F.
NOTE: If you start this program from an elevation view in the RAM Frame analysis mode, the same
elevation will automatically come up.

Section Cuts
The Shear Wall Module works by reporting the forces on user-specified section cuts through walls. The
section forces can be obtained graphically or through reports. When the program is launched from the RAM
Frame Analysis Mode – Load Cases, then the results are for individual load cases. When the program is
launched from the Load Combinations mode, then the section results are all given for the combinations.

• Select Assign – Section Cuts – Add.

The cursor will change into a cross-hair type cursor at this point.

• Click and hold the mouse just left of the wall and drag the mouse horizontally through the entire
length of the wall as pictured below.

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RAM Frame – Shear Wall Analysis Module

Final Section Cuts

When you let go of the cursor, an options box will pop up.

• Set the offset distance to 12 (300).

• Click [OK].
The Green section cut will be adjusted to be exactly 12” from the lowest left corner of the wall where the
section cut started.

• Create a second section cut by dragging horizontally through the left part of the wall only, just below
the top of the opening.

• Set the elevation of the section cut to 96 (2500) and click [OK].

• Now drag a slice vertically through the lintel near the middle of the opening, starting inside the
opening and dragging up.

• For this cut the distance is measured relative to the corner of the opening (since the slice started in the
opening). Set the offset distance to 24 (600) and click [OK].

• To see the labels on the section cuts, select View – Section Cut Labels.

NOTE: Section cuts can be altered after created using the command Assign – Section Cuts – Change. To
review a table of the section cuts all at once, select Assign – Section Cuts – List.

Once complete, the three completed cuts should look like the following figure.

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RAM Frame – Shear Wall Analysis Module

Completed Section Cuts

To see the shear forces on the various section cuts:

• Select Process – Results – Display.

• In the options box that opens, select the first wind load case in the Y direction (Wind_IBC06_1_Y).

• For the Force Type select Shear – Major. At this point, the shear forces will appear on the graphic.
If the text is too large or too small to read, it can be adjusted using the buttons to increase or decrease
text size in the top menu bar.

• When finished, click [Close].

To see a table of the forces on an individual section:

• Select Process – Results – Wall Section Forces.

• With the Target cursor, select one of the section cuts.

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RAM Frame – Shear Wall Analysis Module

A table of the section forces will appear. The forces are separated into axial forces P (positive =
compression), overturning moment (Mmajor), out-of-plane moment (Mminor), shear along the length of the
cut (Vmajor), shear perpendicular to the wall (Vminor) and torsion. For a wall with no included lateral
columns, the minor axis shear and moment values (as well as torsion) will be zero since the walls are not
assumed to have any significant out-of-plane stiffness in the analysis.

• When finished, Click [OK].

Reports
The reports menu has printable versions of the section cut information. For a printable version of the section
cut forces:

• Select Reports – Wall Section Forces – Single.

• Select a single section cut to generate a printable report.

• Close the report when finished.

Another useful report is the Envelope report. This report includes the maximum and minimum forces on
each section cut similar to the force envelope reports in the analysis mode of RAM Frame. It is more useful
to generate this report while working with load combinations. To get such a report:

• Select File – Exit to exit the Shear Wall Module and return to the primary RAM Frame window.

• Select Mode – Analysis – Load Combinations to switch into that mode.

• Select Process – Results – Wall Analysis Results to reopen the Shear Wall Module now in Load
Combinations mode.

• Select View – Elevation and reselect the west shear wall.

• Select Reports – Envelope – Single.

• Select one of the section cuts previously defined.

• Close the report when finished.

• Select File – Exit to close the module and return to RAM Frame.

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RAM Frame Steel – Standard Provisions

RAM Frame Steel – Standard Provisions
Within RAM Frame there are two steel post-processing modes: the Standard Provisions mode and the
Seismic Provisions mode. In Standard Provisions mode the ability of the structural members to carry the
applied gravity and lateral loads (including seismic) is checked according to the primary design code. In
Seismic Provisions mode the structure is checked for the seismic detailing and design requirements of the
selected seismic code (US codes only).

These are optional modules and are not always included with the RAM Frame basic module. In order to
perform this section of the tutorial you must have the RAM Frame – Standard Provision Module installed
and licensed.

To switch to the Steel – Standard Provision mode:

• Select Mode – Steel – Standard Provisions.

• In the Steel Design Code dialog box that opens, check the button for AISC 360-05 LRFD. If your

model was built using SI and British code selections, feel free to select the BS 5950:2000 code.

• Click [OK].

• This dialog can be displayed any time while in Standard Provision mode by selecting the Criteria –
Codes menu item.

• The AISC 360-05 LRFD Load Combination Generation dialog box should appear:

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RAM Frame Steel – Standard Provisions

• Select IBC06/ASCE7-05 LRFD (BS 5950) from the Code Combo drop-down list.

• Type 0.5 for LL Factor f1

• For Sds type 1.113 (this was taken from the loads and Applied Force report in Analysis Mode – Load
Cases).

• Select Use for Rho, with values of 1.0.

• For Snow Factor, select Use Reduced Factors on Snow in Combinations with Seismic (for British
code models Generate the combinations using the default criteria).

• For the Notional Loads select, Consider with Combinations containing only gravity loads.

• Click [Generate].

• Click [OK].

NOTE: Load combinations will only be generated using the load cases checked in the Analyzed Load Cases
to include section. If the program generates any load combinations that you do not wish to be considered,
uncheck the Use box for that combo.

Additional Customized Load Combinations can be defined and selected in the same way that they are in
Analysis – Load Combinations Mode. The load combinations created within each mode are unique to that
mode. Load combinations can be copied from one custom combination dialog to another using the cut and
paste tool buttons in the dialog box.

Design Criteria
As in the analysis mode, the Steel Mode has a set of criteria that govern effect the design results of the
structure. A complete discussion of these criteria appears in the RAM Frame documentation. It is
recommended that you review and understand each of these criteria before accepting RAM Frame design
results.

• To assign the characteristic of the building:

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RAM Frame Steel – Standard Provisions

• Select Criteria – B1 and B2 Factors (Moment amplification factors).

• In the dialog box that opens, select Both Apply B1 Factors and Apply B2 Factors.

• Leave the Rmx and Rmy at 1.00.
NOTE: Since P-delta was selected in the original analysis, these factors are not necessary to complete
the Direct Analysis Method set forth by the AISC 360-05 design spec. If P-delta was not selected this
step would be required to complete the selected analysis.

• Click [OK].

To assign Global Effective Length or K factors,

• Select Criteria – K Factors (Effective Length).

• In the K Factor dialog box that opens, notice the only values that can be modified are the braces.
Again this is due to the analysis code chosen at the beginning. Different codes give different levels of
control (for British code models use the defaults).

• Click [OK].

To set the flange bracing criteria for beams and columns:

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RAM Frame Steel – Standard Provisions

• Select Criteria – Flange Bracing.

• Check Top Flange Continually Braced for Beams.

• Check Deck Braces Column for Columns.

• Uncheck the other options.

• Type 60 for Maximum angle from column axis for which beam or brace braces column.

• Click [OK].

The Column Moments criteria can be used if you wish for the moment connections in the building to
transfer only a portion of the end moment to the supporting column. This can be helpful in designing
partially restrained, Type 2 connections (Refer to AISC Steel Specifications for more information), but will
not be covered in this Tutorial.

To turn off the Axial Slenderness limits prescribed by the code:

• Select Criteria – Axial Slenderness Limits.

• Check both options.

• Click [OK].

Besides member design criteria, RAM Frame also checks moment connections for stiffener and web plate
(doubler) requirements.

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RAM Frame Steel – Standard Provisions

To assign the criteria to be used in the Joint Design:

• Select Criteria – Joints.

• Click [OK] to accept all the defaults.

For the Special Moment Frames in this model, we can also assign Reduced Beam Section Criteria (US
models only).

• Select Criteria – Reduced Beam Sections.

• For the W16X40, type 8,10 and 1.75 (200,, 250, 44) for a, b and c respectively.

• Click [OK].

• In order to have the reduced beam sections considered an assignment must be made to the Beams in
the Special Moment Frames.

• Select View – Elevation and pick one of the moment frames.

• Select Assign – Beams – Reduced Beam Sections.

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RAM Frame Steel – Standard Provisions

• Set the Action to Use Reduced Beam Section and select the beams with a single or fence option.

• Repeat for all other Moment Frame beams.

Member Code Check – Standard Provisions
You will now perform a code check on all lateral members using the load combinations you selected
previously. To perform a code check:

• Select Process – Member Code Check.

A progress bar will keep you informed of the progress of the code check. Because the program needs to
check each unbraced segment of each member for each load combination, the process can take several
minutes.

When the code check is complete, the lateral system of the model will appear color coded to indicate to
what degree the members are stressed. A color scale correlates the colors to the interaction values of the
members. The display of each member is based on the controlling Interaction Equation from all the selected
load combinations.

• Click [Show Values] to display the interaction equation values on screen.
NOTE: An interaction value of “–1” indicates that the member fails some prescriptive limitation (e.g.
KL/r > 200).

The View/Update command can be used to interactively modify individual member sizes to improve the
design.

• Select Process – Member View/Update.

• With the cursor, select one of the red beams in the braced frames at the roof level.

The Beam View/Update dialog box should appear. In the lower left hand corner is an indication of the
maximum interaction equation or design warning. In this case, the bottom flange of the beam is completely
unbraced. When there is compression in the member it will thus fail the KL/r limit of 200 (US codes) or it

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RAM Frame Steel – Standard Provisions

will fail the L/r limit of 300 when the member is in tension. The stoplight in the box will be red to indicate
when the member has a design warning.

• Click [Close].

• Select one of the Moment Frame beams.

• This beam should pass and the interaction value will be listed at the bottom.

• To see the details of the design Click [View Results].

The Member Code Check Report should come up. Review the report. In particular, take note of the
unbraced length for bending – Y-axis value.. A beam is typically broken into several unbraced segments,
each with a different unbraced length. The single segment that yields the highest interaction ratio is the one
segment that gets reported on the design report.

NOTE: When a member fails a prescriptive limit, the reports results are for the first combo that causes the
problem. The reported forces are not necessarily the critical forces.

For more information on the design performed in this check, refer to the technical portion of the RAM
Frame Manual.

• Click to exit the report.

• Select a different section from the Beam Size list box.

• Click [Analyze]. The interaction equation and signal light will be updated to reflect the results of the
analysis.

• Click [Close] to exit without saving the modified design. (Click [Update Database] if you want to
make the change permanent.)

If you modify any member size using the view/update command, the color of the member will change to
indicate the new level of stress. As with View/Update in Analysis Mode, a second member can be selected
without closing the View/Update dialog box.

NOTE: The program uses the member forces from the original analysis, but uses the section properties of
the currently selected size when a redesign is performed. Once sizes have been changed the analysis of the
model is no longer technically valid. Notice that the status indicator light on the status bar in the lower right
corner has turned yellow to indicate that you should view all results with caution as they no longer represent
the analysis of the current member sizes in the database. Whenever member sizes are changed, the analysis
should be re-run to insure accuracy. This applies to all of the View/Update commands in RAM Frame.

To rerun the analysis and verify the new sizes:

• Select Mode – Analysis – Load Cases.

• Select Process – Analyze.

• When the Analyze dialog box opens, make sure that all of load cases are selected and Click [OK].

• Select Mode – Steel – Standard Provisions.

• If you want to skip the slenderness limit checks this time, select Criteria – Axial Slenderness Limits
and turn off both parameters.

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RAM Frame Steel – Standard Provisions

• Select Process – Member Code Check.

The new code check results should be indicated on screen. By working through a few cycles of this process,
you can quickly converge on an efficient working design.

Joint Code Check – Standard Provisions
You will now perform a code check on the rigid beam to column connections. To perform a joint code
check:

• Select Process – Joint Code Check.

A progress bar will keep you informed of the progress of the code check. When the code check is complete,
the nodes of the lateral system will appear as colorful dots indicating the status of the joint. The status
represents if the joint is valid (refer to Technical Section in the RAM Frame manual), and what
strengthening is required of the joint.

The View/Update command can be used to interactively modify individual column sizes to improve the
connection design.

• Select Process – Joint View/Update.

• With the cursor, select one of the green colored nodes.

The Joint Web Plates and Stiffeners dialog box should appear. A graphic shows the various member sizes
that meet at the selected joint and the signal light indicates the status of the column. The size of stiffeners
and web plate are listed when necessary.

NOTE: The graphic displayed in the View/Update dialog represents a view from the minor axis direction of
the column. The graphic shows the steel beams that frame into the flanges of the steel column. No members
supported on the web of the column are shown.

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RAM Frame Steel – Standard Provisions

As with Member – View/Update, this dialog box allows you to select other column sizes and investigate
the stiffener plate requirements by clicking [Analyze]. You can view the Joint Code Check Report by
selecting [View Results] and you can update the column size if desired by Clicking [Update Database].

Moment frame joint code check

Reports – Standard Provisions
Many different reports can be generated from the design results of the structure subject to the various load
combinations. The printed output is generated using the Reports menu. The print options available in Steel
Mode are different than those available in Analysis Mode. The forces and reactions printed while in Steel
Mode are based on load combinations in that mode. To print the minimum and maximum reactions for any
load combination:

• Select Reports – Screen.

• Select Reports – Reaction Envelope.

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RAM Frame Steel – Standard Provisions

• In the Select Frame Numbers dialog box that opens, choose which frames you would like to review
and click [OK].

The Reactions Envelope report should come up. Hit the Page Down Key to see the rest of the report. Notice
that the reaction values are given for the worst case among all load combinations in that mode.

• Click to exit the report.

To print a summary of the results for all the member code checks:

• Select Reports – Member Check Summary.

• Select a frame or frames and click [OK].

• The Member Check Summary report should come up.

• Click to exit the report.

Take time now to review the various reports available in the Reports menu. See the Direct Analysis
Validation report in particular for the AISC 360-05 design code.

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RAM Frame Steel – Seismic Provisions

RAM Frame Steel – Seismic Provisions
In Seismic Provision mode the structure is checked in accordance with the detailing and design
requirements of a selected seismic code. The checks performed in this mode rely heavily on the load
combinations and design criteria established in the Standard Provision Mode. Note that only the AISC 05 –
LRFD post processor will be used in this tutorial although the AISC-02, AISC – 97 and UBC – 97 codes
work in a similar manner.

The Seismic Provision Mode is only accessible if one of the AISC Steel Design codes (ASD or LRFD) is
used in Standard Provision Mode. There must also be at least one seismic load case defined. If your model
is based on the British code or if you do not have a license of the Special Seismic provisions module, skip
this entire section.

To switch to the Steel – Seismic Provision mode:

• Select Mode – Steel – Seismic Provisions.

• In the Special Seismic Provision Codes dialog box that opens, select the button for AISC 05 – LRFD.

• Under Options, Check all checkboxes.

• Type 1.1 for the Cpr Factor and 4 for the EBF Cd Factor.

Note that you are not able to change to the AISC-05 ASD or the UBC 97 – ASD code because this requires
that an AISC – ASD Steel Design Code be selected in Standard Provision mode prior to entering the seismic
mode.
This dialog can be displayed any time while in Seismic Provision mode by selecting the Criteria – Codes
menu item.

• Click [OK].

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RAM Frame Steel – Seismic Provisions

In the Seismic Provisions Load Combinations dialog box that opens

• Set the Live Load factor to 0.5

• Set the Sds value to 1.113

• Set Omega to 3.

• Click [Generate].

• Click [OK].

Additional Customized Load Combinations can be defined and selected in the same way that they are in
Standard Provision mode.

Assign Frame Type
In order to check the members and joints for these provisions you must first define what type of lateral
frames exist in the model:

• Select View – Elevation and pick the Moment frame on Grid 4, if not already selected.

• Select Assign – Frame Type.

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RAM Frame Steel – Seismic Provisions

• In the Assign Frame Type dialog box select Special Moment Resisting Frame as the Frame Type.

• Click [Fence].

• Fence the entire moment frame.

• Click the 3D View icon in the toolbar to return to the 3D View.

• Select View – Elevation and pick the braced frame on Grid A, if not already selected.

• Select Assign – Frame Type again.

• Change the Frame Type to Eccentrically Brace Frame.

• Click Fence and fence all of the steel members in the braced frame on Grid A.

• Repeat for the braced frames on grid F except change the frame type to Special Concentric Braced
Frame for the upper 2 bays, and SCBF –Chevron for the lower bay.

• Return to 3D View.

Member Code Check – Seismic Provisions
To check the member design against the special seismic provisions, you will follow the same steps as for
standard provisions: To start the code check:

• Select Process – Member Code Check.
A progress bar will keep you informed of the progress of the code check. When the code check is complete,
the lateral system of the model will appear color coded to indicate the design status of the members.

The View/Update command can be used to interactively modify individual member sizes to improve the
design.
• Select Process – Member View/Update.

• With the cursor, select one of the lowest steel columns in the moment frame.

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RAM Frame Steel – Seismic Provisions

The Column View/Update dialog box should appear. In the lower box is a list of the various design
provisions and an indication of which checks the member has passed, or failed. The signal light in the box
will be lit red to indicate the member has failed one of these provisions.

NOTE: Double click on any icon in the results list box to view a short explanation of that icon. Refer to the
technical manual for a description of all the View/Update icons.

• To see the details of the design Click [View Results].
The Seismic Provisions Member Code Check Report should come up. Review the report. For more
information on the designs performed in this check refer to the technical portion of the RAM Frame –
Special Seismic Provisions documentation.

• Click to exit the report.

• Select the W14x43 section from the Column Size list box.

• Click [Analyze]. The design checks and signal light will be updated to reflect the results of the
analysis.

• Click [Cancel] to revert to the original size.
NOTE: Some of the beams and braces in the chevron braced frames will fail the special seismic provisions
code check. Feel free to increase the size of those members now. An HSS6x6x3/8 should work for the
braces and a W12x30 should work for the beams. Besides using the View/Update command, member sizes
can also be assigned directly using the assign menu options.

Joint Code Check – Seismic Provisions
You will now perform a code check on of the rigid beam to column connections according to the Special
Seismic Provisions of the selected code. To perform a joint code check:

• Select Process – Joint Code Check.
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RAM Frame Steel – Seismic Provisions

When the code check is complete, the steel beam – column joints of the lateral system will appear as colorful
dots indicating the status of the joint.

The View/Update command can be used to interactively modify individual column sizes to improve the
connection design.
• Select Process – Joint View/Update.

• With the cursor, select one of the top floor (blue) nodes in the moment frame (Frame on Grid F).

• To see the details of the design Click [View Results].

• Feel free to investigate other sizes and click [Cancel] when finished. If you make the column slightly
larger you can possibly avoid the need for stiffener plates.

Reports – Seismic Provisions
Many different reports can be generated from the seismic code check of the structure. The printed output is
mostly generated using the Reports menu. The print options available in Seismic Provisions Mode are
different than those available in Analysis Mode. To print the detailed seismic code check results for one or
more member:

• Select Reports – Member Code Check – Single.

• Pick any lateral member.

• Close the report.
To print a summary of the results for all the member code checks:

• Select Reports – Member Check Summary.
A similar output is available for the joint code checks.

• Select Reports – Joint Check Summary.

Take time now to review the various reports available in the Reports menu.

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RAM Frame Steel – Seismic Provisions

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RAM Frame – Drift Control

RAM Frame – Drift Control
In addition to the member design provisions of each design code, building structures are also required to
meet certain drift limitations. The Drift Control Module provides you with a means to see how each of the
lateral members contributes to the resistance of that drift. For the Tutorial, drift at the Roof Level in the X
and Y directions is the primary concern. In this section you will define a virtual load case in both directions,
pair those load cases with the governing seismic load cases and review the results in order to determine
which members provide the greatest resistance to that drift. You will also determine how to improve the
overall structural performance.

This is an optional module and is not included with the RAM Frame basic module. In order to perform this
section of the Tutorial you must have the RAM Frame – Drift control Module installed and the hardware
lock programmed for that module. You can skip this section otherwise.

Defining Virtual Load Cases
To define the virtual load cases for analyzing roof drift:

• Select Mode – Analysis – Load Cases.

• Select Loads – Load Cases. The Load Cases dialog box will open.

• Type VX in the Label edit box.

• Click the Virtual Work option button.

• Click [Add] and the Virtual Load Case Story Forces dialog box will open.

• For the Roof Level Type 100 in the Force column (100 can also be used for SI models).

• Leave the Dir. Angle set to 0.

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RAM Frame – Drift Control

• Leave the X and Y coordinates at the default. This represents the calculated center of mass for the
respective level.

• Leave the forces for the other floors set to 0.

• Click [OK].
This returns you to the Load Cases dialog box.

• Type VY in the Label edit box.

• Click the Virtual Work option button.
• Click [Add].

• For the Roof Level Type 100 (100) in the Force column.

• Type 90 for Dir. Angle.

• Click [OK].

• Click [OK] to dismiss the Load Cases dialog box.

Next, you need to analyze the new virtual load cases:

• Select Process – Analyze.

• When the Analyze dialog box opens, make sure that all of load cases are selected by clicking [Select
All].

• Click [OK].

Defining Load Pairs
In Order to pair the virtual loads with real load cases and perform the Drift Control Analysis, you must now
enter the Drift Control Mode of RAM Frame:

• Select Mode – Drift Control.

• Select Loads – Load Pairs. The Load Pairs dialog box should appear:

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RAM Frame – Drift Control

In the center portion of the box under Define Pairs:

• Type X Pair for Label.

• Type 1.0 for Factor.

• Type or select W1 for Real column.

• Type or select V1 for the Virtual column.

• Click the Blue Down Arrow to establish the pair.

• Type Y Pair for Label.

• Type 1.0 for Factor.

• Type W2 for Real.

• Type V2 for Virtual.

• Click the Blue Down Arrow to establish the pair.

• Click [OK].

This takes you back to the graphics screen. To analyze the load pairs:

• Select Process – Analyze.

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RAM Frame – Drift Control

The screen should now display a color coded image of the structure. Members shown in warm colors (i.e.
red, orange, yellow…) are participating more in the resistance of the roof drift based on the current load pair
(X Pair) and the current evaluation method (Total Displacement). In this case, you can see the beams of the
north moment frame do the most work, indicated by their color.

To review the results for the other load pair:

• Click the center drop-down list in the toolbar that indicates the current load pair. Select Y Pair from
this list. The screen should be updated to reflect the results of Y direction loads.

Another way of reporting participation is to divide a member’s participation by its own volume. In this way
you can see where increasing a member provides the most benefit.

To review the results as Total Displacement/Volume:

• Select Process – Results – Total Displacement/Volume or use the third drop-down list.

A dramatic change should occur in the screen output. The walls that were red or yellow are now blue. This
happens because while that member does a lot to resist drift in the Y direction (even at the roof), it is also
has a much larger volume than the steel members. Now the lower level braces the frames should be the
highest participating members by volume.

There are several other features in the Drift Control Module as described in the Drift Control portion of the
RAM Frame manual. Examine some of those options now.

To review an individual member to evaluate its participation:

• Select Process – View/Update.

• With the cursor select a brace in the lowest level of the EBF.

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RAM Frame – Drift Control

The Brace View/Update dialog box should appear. In the center of the box you can see the participation of
that beam due to the current load pair.

As in the other modes, you can investigate other member sizes by selecting them from the list and clicking
analyze.

• Select another brace size from the list.

• Click [Analyze].

• The participation values will change slightly.

• Click [Update Database] if you want to make the change official.

• Click [Close] to dismiss the View/Update dialog box.

The fact that one or more members are drawn red is only an indication that those members are working the
hardest on a relative scale. It does not mean that they are failing in any way. An optimized structure in terms
of drift is one where the majority of the members are all performing equally. If a model has a few red
members and the rest are blue, that is an indication that the red members are overworked while the rest of
your framing isn’t helping that much with respect to drift control.

As with any Update Database command, the analysis results considered when recalculating the participation
factors are from the previous analysis run, and those results are invalidated by any modification to the
stiffness matrix. Another analysis run should be performed before the Drift Control results are accepted.

To rerun the analysis and review the new sizes:

• Select Mode – Analysis – Load Cases.
• Select Process – Analyze.
• When the Analyze dialog box opens, make sure that all of load cases are selected and Click [OK].
• Select Mode – Drift Control.
• Select Process – Analyze.

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RAM Frame – Drift Control

The participation factors should be shown on screen. The colors may be a little different than they appeared
before.

Reports
Reports can be generated from the Drift Control Mode just like the other modes. The printed output is
generated using the Reports menu. To print the Displacement Participation / Volume Summary report:

• Select Reports – Displacement/Volume Summary.

The Displacement Participation / Volume Summary report should appear:

• Hit the Page Down Key to see the rest of the report.

• Click to exit the report.

Take time now to review the various reports available in the Reports menu.

• Select File – Exit to exit RAM Frame and return to RAM Manager.

This completes the RAM Frame portion of the tutorial. Proceed to the next section to perform the concrete
member design. If you do not own that module you can skip ahead to the RAM Foundation section of the
Tutorial.

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RAM Concrete Analysis

RAM Concrete Analysis
RAM Concrete is completely integrated into the RAM Structural System. It uses the same model and
database as RAM Frame and RAM Steel. While most of the information needed for concrete gravity
analysis and design is taken from the database, some data does need to be entered in the Concrete program
itself.

You must have a license to RAM Concrete to perform this part of the tutorial. If no license is available, skip
to the next section, RAM Foundation. At this point, only the US codes are implemented in the RAM
Concrete module. SI units will not be presented in this section, but an SI units model can still be used.

To invoke RAM Concrete from the RAM Manager:

• Select Design – RAM Concrete or select the 5th square button depicting a concrete beam and
column.

In order for the program to design the concrete members correctly, a separate gravity analysis needs to be
performed. The lateral force results from RAM Frame are added to these gravity results automatically. For
this reason you should always perform a RAM Frame analysis prior to running RAM Concrete.

Concrete Program Organization
The RAM Concrete program is comprised of three modes: the Concrete Gravity Analysis Module, the
Concrete Beam Design module and the Concrete Column Design module. When you enter RAM Concrete
you will always be placed in the Concrete Gravity Analysis Module. These modules function as follows:

Concrete Gravity Analysis Module
When you select Design – RAM Concrete you will be placed in the Concrete Gravity Analysis Mode. The
mode drop-down on the upper left toolbar will indicate you are in this mode.

In this mode a finite element analysis of each story is performed. This analysis determines the gravity forces
for both concrete column and beam design. In this module you have some control over the finite element
analysis which will be discussed. You also assign beam lines which affects how the beams are detailed.

It’s important to note that the concrete analysis requires all members, even steel members to have an
assigned size. If a model includes optimized members, then the RAM Steel Beam and Column design
modules must be run prior to analyzing the model in RAM Concrete.

Concrete Beam Design Module
In this module the design of all concrete beams is performed. The gravity analysis forces are automatically
combined with the lateral forces (from RAM Frame) to obtain design beam forces. The program
automatically designs reinforcement considering user preferences and code requirements. An interactive
view/update command provides a means of modifying the programs design.

Concrete Column Design Module
In this module the design of all concrete columns is performed. The gravity analysis forces are
automatically combined with the lateral forces (from RAM Frame) to obtain design column forces. Column
forces from the external program RAM Concept can also be utilized. A comprehensive moment interaction
surface is calculated for the design of each column. Multiple reinforcement patterns can be considered for

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RAM Concrete Analysis

each column line, and the program automatically selects the optimal pattern and reinforcement size. An
interactive view/update dialog provides a means of altering the programs designs.

Assign Beam Line Numbers
In order to establish which beams will be skip loaded, and which gravity concrete beams should be
considered continuous for analysis, you must first assign beam line numbers to the beams. A beam line
number defines which beams will be designed as a single continuous beam in the beam program. Beams in a
contiguous line are typically assigned the same beam line number, but you can manually assign almost any
continuous line of beams to the same beam line as described below.

• Select Assign – Beam Line – Automatic from the menu bar to display the dialog box.

Our model should not have any skewed beams but the beams on either side of a girder might be slightly off
center.

• Set the Beam offset to accept as continuous to 2.

• In the Gravity Beam Fixity box, check the box to Automatically Assign Fixity and Fix all beams.

• Click [OK].

• Select View – Plan and select the Second story.
The second story (the story with concrete beams) will have the following beam lines automatically
generated. Notice that the only concrete beams are assigned beam line numbers.

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RAM Concrete Analysis

Generated Concrete Beam Lines

We will now the end segments of beam line eleven and assign it to be a separate line manually. Zoom into
the area if you cannot easily see the beam line numbers using View – Zoom Fence.

• Select Assign – Beam Line – Manual from the menu bar.
If you are not already in plan mode you will be asked to select a floor plan,

• Select the 3rd floor and click [OK].
The Assign Beam Line manual dialog will open. It may be helpful to turn off the decks display at this point
by selecting View-Members, Then selecting Decks/Slabs (Last icon).

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RAM Concrete Analysis

• Select the option to Remove from Beam Line.

• Click [Single].

• Click on the beam between Grids A and B and E and F on Grid 4.

Hint: Beams in a single beam line must be must be continuous. If you select two beams, that are not
continuous, to be in the same beam line you will be issued an error message.

• Right click to return to the previous window

• Set the Assign Mode to Add to New Beam Line.

• Click [Single] and pick one of the beams again.

• Repeat for the other beam

This span will now be detailed separately from the beams in the moment frame. To clear up the display:

• Select View – Reset Model.

Analysis Criteria
Before the analysis is performed make sure the analysis criteria are appropriate.

• Select Criteria – Analysis. The analysis criteria dialog will appear.

Set the various analysis criteria as follows:

• Minimum number of stations per beam: 10.

• Maximum spacing between stations: 12in (250mm).

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RAM Concrete Analysis

• Rigid End Zones: Include Effects.

• Reduction %: 50

• Check: Skip-Load the Live Load on Beam Line Beams

• Check: Skip-Load the Live Load on Non-Beam Line Beams

• Check: Consider Live Load Reduction

• Concrete Beam Torsional Constant Reduction: Use Torsional Cracked Factor from Section
Property
This prevents girders with unbalanced loads from taking too much torsion. It accounts for the
additional cracking in the concrete.

• Check: Consider Column Slenderness

• No checks in the Analysis Constraints section.

• Accept the defaults for Mesh Controls.

• Check: Save Results for Display Purposes (slower analysis).

• Use the In-Core Sparse Solver (Speeds up analysis slightly for complex models).

• Click [OK].

NOTE: Many of the settings in this dialog can have a significant effect on the speed of the analysis and
design. In particular the greater the number of stations per beam and the larger the number of load cases to
be analyzed the longer the analysis and design. If you are only interested in performing a quick preliminary
design, increase the maximum space between stations and switch off skip loading. You can also turn off the
option to Save results for display purposes – this won’t prevent you from designing the members.

Other Criteria
The other criteria should also be set before running the analysis. Start with the design code.

• Select Criteria – Code.

• Select ACI 318-08 (BS 8110-97) for the code.

• Click [OK].

The criteria for column Design Forces allows you to choose whether to use the forces from the RAM
Concrete analysis or to use the column design forces from one or more RAM Concept models instead.

• Select Criteria – Column Forces.

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• Click [OK].

The sidesway criteria establishes whether the column should be considered Braced or Unbraced.

• Select Criteria – Sidesway.

• Select the option for Partially Braced.

• Check the second box for Global Y axis.
This means that our moment frames will be unbraced in the X axis and braced in the Y where there
are shear walls.

• Click [OK].

• Select Criteria – K Factor.

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• Select to use the Nomograph Values in both axes.

• Click [OK].

Gravity Analysis
Now that the various criteria are set it time to perform the analysis. To perform the analysis:

• Select Process – Analyze.
The analysis progress window will appear:

This window shows the progress of the analysis and the number of load cases that were automatically
generated for each story. The two progress bars at the top of the window show the progress of the analysis.

It is required that all members have an assigned size to complete the concrete analysis. In order to assure
that all the steel members have an assigned size, be sure to run the steel beam and columns modules
first.
In the RAM Concrete analysis, a finite element model is generated for each story and skip load patterns are
automatically generated for the live loads. For each story a full finite element analysis is performed and the

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reactions carried down to be applied to the analysis of the story below. For this reason mainly, the results
obtained from RAM Concrete may differ from the results for the gravity loads in RAM Frame or in RAM
Steel for that matter.

• When the analysis is complete click [Close] to close the window.

On-Screen Results
Once the analysis is complete you can display several different analysis results on the screen. Depending on
the current view and the model size the screen could be extremely cluttered when results are displayed. It
may be desirable to view the results in elevation or plan view and/or with the extruded shape setting
removed (i.e. in stick drawing mode).

To ready the model view for best display of results on the entire structure:

• Select View – 3D.

• Select View – Zoom – Full.

• Select View – Resolution – Low.

Results – Finite Element Model information
To view the finite element model for a particular story:

• Select Process – Results – FE Model.

The FE Model Information dialog will open. To view the finite element model that was created and
analyzed for the second story:

• Select 3rd from the Story drop down box.

• Keep all the display options selected.

• Click [Apply].

The display will change to show only those members that were considered in the analysis of the 3rd floor.
The member fixity conditions (released, fixed) are displayed, as are the finite elements, node numbers and

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restraint conditions. Note that nodes are restrained, at the levels above and below the current story, where
they are braced according to the column bracing criteria.

You can zoom, rotate and print the screen display while the FE Model Info window is displayed. Closing
the window will reset the model and remove all the finite element settings.

If there is an error during the analysis it is possible that a node number (or location) will be provided in the
error message. The analysis will terminate, but the Finite Element Model of the story under analysis should
be available so that you can identify the location (node) of the problem and perform corrective action.

Results – Vertical Reactions
To view the vertical reactions for each load case on a particular story:

• Select Process – Results – Vertical Reactions.

The Vertical Reactions dialog will open. To view the vertical reactions from each load case in the analysis
of the second story:

• Select 2nd from the Story drop down box.

• Select DL1 from the Load Case drop down box.

• Click [Apply].

The display will change to show only the members used in the selected stories analysis, and the vertical
reactions from the selected load case. The reactions displayed represent the reactions for the current story
and load case analysis. However, one or more of the load cases will include the reactions from all the upper
stories analyses. For dead load the loads from the previous stories analysis will have been transferred into
the analysis for the current story. The reactions for the DL1 case therefore include the loads that are
transferred from the upper stories.

Notice that the Live Loads have been separated into several load cases to account for load patterns. The total
live load reaction can be obtained more easily through a report.

Results – Member Forces
To view the beam and column forces for each load case on a particular story:

• Select Process – Results – Member Forces.

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The Member Forces dialog will open. To view the member forces from each load case in the analysis of the
second story:

• Select 3rd from the Story drop down box.
• Select DL1 from the Load Case drop down box.

• Check Beam Force Major Moments (1/4 pts).

• Uncheck Column Force and Wall Force.

• Click [Apply].

• Select View – Plan or zoom in if the text is difficult to read.

Only significant member forces are shown for each load case selected. If beams are skip-loaded then each
type (reducible, unreducible, roof or storage) of live load on a single span will be considered its own load
case. The loads on one member will affect other members due to the continuity, but the forces are not
displayed when the values are insignificant.

Results – Displacements
To view the displacements of members and decks on a particular story:

• Select Process – Results – Displacements.

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• The Displacements dialog will open with some options and controls.

• Select 2nd in the Story drop down

• Select DL1 from the Load Type drop down.

• Leave all the checkboxes checked

• Click [Apply].
The graphics screen will now display the members and meshed surface of the two-way flat slab of the
2nd story (Decks/Slabs must be turned on in the view menu to display). The Displacements dialog will
remain on the screen. By selecting and dragging the small triangles (sliders) at each end of the legend
the engineer can set the limit at which all displacements larger than will be colored in the extreme
color (red or blue). This way an engineer can easily identify locations where the slab deformation
exceeds a specific user defined limit. Also, the transparency of the meshed surface can be controlled
by the Transparency slider. Take this opportunity to use the various controls and familiarize yourself
with the dialog.

• Click [Close] to leave the dialog and return to the normal view.

View Options
In the concrete gravity analysis mode there are several other useful display options under the view menu.
Take the time to select the various menu options to view different model data or adjust your view of the
model. Two menu options are particularly relevant to the Concrete Gravity Analysis mode, namely the
command for viewing Beam Lines and for viewing Gravity Loads.

View Beam Lines
To view the currently assigned Beam Line Numbers:

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• Select View – Beam Lines.

The View Beam Line window will be displayed.

• Select 3rd from the Story drop down box.

• Select the beam line numbers whose beams you want to highlight.
If the Show Beam Line Numbers check box is checked, the beam line number will also be displayed
on screen for the selected beam line/s.

• Click [Apply].

View Gravity Loads
To view all the member line and point loads that were applied by the user and also calculated by the
program:

• Select View – Gravity Loads.

• Select one of the gravity load types that you would like to view.

• Click [Apply].

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NOTE: Depending on the current view and the selected load to display the screen could be extremely
cluttered. It may be desirable to view the gravity loads in elevation view and/or with the extruded shape
setting removed (i.e. in low resolution drawing mode).

More complete gravity load information can be obtained in report form. Select the Reports – Load Diagram
command to obtain beam gravity loads.

Reports
Reports can be generated from the Concrete Analysis just like the other modes. The printed output is
generated using the Reports menu. There are several important and useful reports generated in the Concrete
Gravity Analysis Mode, some of which are discussed below.

To view the analytical member properties used in the finite element analysis (this includes the calculation of
effective flange width for concrete T beams and consideration of cracked section factors):

• Select Reports – Member Analysis Properties.

• After a few seconds the Analysis Member Properties report will open. Hit the Page Down Key to see
the rest of the report.

• Click to exit the report.

For column design the program considers the worst skip loaded condition for live loads about each axis of
the column, both top and bottom. To view the gravity column forces that will be used in the column design
mode:

• Select Reports – Column Design Forces – Single.

• Click on one of the concrete columns below the Third floor.

For beam design, the program also considers an envelope of results. To view the gravity beam envelope
forces that will be considered in the beam design mode:

• Select Reports – Beam Line Force Envelope – Single.

• Click on one of the concrete columns below the second floor

NOTE: For lateral beams and columns the gravity forces shown in these reports will normally be combined
in the Design Modes with lateral forces from the analysis performed in RAM Frame.

Take the time now to review the various other reports available in the Reports menu.

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RAM Concrete Beam

RAM Concrete Beam
To design all your concrete beams you need to be in the Concrete Beam Design Mode. To switch to the
concrete beam mode:

• Select Mode – Concrete Beam.
The mode drop-down on the toolbar will indicate when you are in the Concrete Beam Design Mode. The
same toolbar can be used to switch between modes rather than using the menus.

NOTE: Before you can enter the concrete beam design mode, the concrete gravity analysis must be
performed. If you have lateral concrete beams you will also want to make sure your model has been
analyzed in RAM Frame. If you are unsure of the current status of the model:

Beam Design Criteria
The program has an extensive set of design defaults to customize the way concrete beams are designed and
detailed. First you need to designate the concrete moment frame type:

• Select Criteria – Frame Type.

• Set the Frame Type to Special Moment Frame.

• Set the Load Combination Factors to ACI 318-02 Sec. 21.3.4.1.

• Click [OK].

To set up the beam design defaults which will be used for all beams:

• Select Criteria – Beam Design.

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• For Clear Bar Spacing, Clear Bar Cover and Longitudinal Reinf. Ratio, select the Code option.

This will result in the program using the code limits for all cover and spacing.

• For Bar Sizes to Consider for Design select the following:
For Longitudinal #5 through #10
For Transverse #3 and #4

• Use the defaults for Cover to Center of Bars.
This is the value used by the program to establish the depth of the reinforcing.

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• Click on the Bar Selection Tab to set the more beam design defaults:

• Enter 2 for both Minimum Number of Bars Top and Minimum Number of Bars Bottom

• Deselect Keep all bars in layer the same size.

• Type 2 for Adjacent bars may differ in size by ___ sizes.

• For Transverse Bars, set the following:
Type 12 for Segment Length Increment
Type 3 for Bar Spacing Increment

• Accept the defaults for both “Select bars base on” and “Bar Selection Bias”.

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• Click on the Design Checks/Forces tab:

• For now, include both Design Checks.

At this time, the concrete beam design program does not design beams for additional torsional
reinforcing. Nor does it consider the special detailing requirements of deep beams. When a beam
exceeds the torsional limit of the concrete or the maximum depth to span ratio a warning will be
given. Some users prefer not to get these warnings so that they can concentrate of other types of
design issues.

• For Gravity Forces on Lateral Beams. Select to Use RAM Concrete Analysis Forces.
In rare cases, the 3D finite element analysis performed by RAM Frame may actually be more
accurate than the floor-by-floor approach used in the Concrete Analysis mode.

• Click [OK].

Detailing Defaults
To set the defaults for concrete beam bar placement

• Select Criteria – Detailing Defaults.
The Detailing Defaults window will open with separate tabs for Gravity Beams, Gravity Joists and Lateral
Beams. Set the various bar lengths and Stirrup start Locations to the values shown in the figure below.

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• Set the Longitudinal Bar End Condition to be Hooked.

• Set the Stirrup Type to be Closed.

• Set the number of Stirrup Legs to be 2.

• Accept all other defaults.

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• Click on the Lateral Beam tab.

• Set the Minimum number of Continuous Top Bars to 2.

• Change the Splice Type to Class B

• Change the Stirrup Type to Hoop.

• Set the Stirrup legs to 4.

• Accept all other defaults.
• Click [OK].

At this point you could also choose to make individual member assignments using the options under the
Assign Menu, but for this example we will allow the default settings to apply to all members.

Load Combinations
Before any beams can be designed, you must specify the load combinations to consider. These may be
created manually as User Defined Load Combinations or Code Generated Combinations can be utilized. To
establish the Combinations for Concrete Design:

• Select Combinations – Generated.

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• Select IBC 2006 from the Code for Combinations drop down box.

• Type 1.113 for Sds.

• Set Rho to Use Calculated.

• Set the Snow Factor to Use Reduced Factor (0.2)…

• Click [Generate].
The Load Combinations box will be filled with load combinations and each should be checked to
Use.

• Click [OK].

Design All and View/Update
With the design criteria set and the load combinations defined, we are ready to design the concrete beams.
At this point, the beams should have changed from a light blue color to yellow, indicating that they are
ready to be designed. To design the concrete beams:

• Select Process – Design All.

The design process requires numerous code checks for all of the Load Combinations and may take some
time to run on large concrete models. The status indicator again displays the progress of the design and
indicates when the design is complete.

Click [Close] to dismiss this window. The Model graphics will be updated to display in design colors.

Green – Indicates that the beam was designed successfully with no design warnings.
Red – Indicates some aspect of the Concrete Beam design is insufficient or incomplete. Design warnings
that elaborate on why a beam design failed can be seen in the View/Update dialog.

Blue – Indicates a successful design is Frozen. (A beam that has failed will always appear red even if it is
frozen.) In either case, the way to review the details of the design and make changes if desired is through the
View/Update command.

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• Select View – Plan and choose the 3rd Floor plan.

• Select Process – View/Update.

• With the mouse, select a beam in the southernmost beam line between Grids 3 and 4.
The View/Update dialog box will open as shown below. There are many options available from this dialog.
For a complete explanation of the View/Update window see the RAM Concrete manual. For this example,
we will touch a couple of the highlights.

The View\Update dialog is broken into 5 separate tabs. The first tab for Longitudinal reinforcement shows
by default. The Top Reinforcement is shown by default.

Notice the diagram at the bottom which graphically indicates the reinforcing and plots the demand envelope
(yellow diagram) and capacity (blue line) for the length of the member.

To switch the display to show Bottom Reinforcement:

• Click the radio button near the top labeled Bottom Reinforcement.
The graphic along with the reported Capacity information will be updated.

To see the capacity at a particular location:

• Click on the bottom graphic where the moment diagram is displayed somewhere near the greatest
moment.

The red line slider will move to that position and the required and provided member capacity
information on the right side will be updated to reflect that particular location.

Changes to the reinforcement can be made in the spreadsheet of reinforcement in the top portion of the
dialog.

While reviewing Bottom Reinforcement,

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RAM Concrete Beam

• Click in the Bar Size field for the first bar set

• Increase the bars by one size (#7).
After doing this, the traffic light changes to yellow indicating that the results are no longer current.

• Repeat for the second bar set.

• Click [Analyze] to have the results updated.
The light should still be red in this case indicating that this new layout fails the design checks.

Now we will look at the Transverse Reinforcement.

• Click on the Transverse Reinforcement tab.
Notice that the bottom graphic is adjusted to show shear information rather than bending now.

Here the stirrups are grouped into three sections. The first section has #3 stirrups at6” on center and
continues for 13’ from the face of the column.

• Click in the second row where the bar size is blank.

• Reduce the End location by 3 ft (e.g. from 13.33 to 10.33).
The third row start location will automatically be bumped back as well, making the third bar set
longer.

• Click in the 4th row and increase the end location by 3 ft (e.g. from 8.67 to 11.87) Be sure to modify

the 5th row to match.

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• Click [Analyze] again to review the altered design.

• To see the reported details of the design click [View Results].
The Concrete Beam Design Report will open. Review the report. For more information on the designs
performed in this check refer to the technical portion of the RAM Concrete Manual.

• Close the report and return to the View/Update dialog box.

• Assuming the modified design works, click [Update Database] to save the changes.

• Click [Close] to return to the screen display.
If the new design is acceptable, the color of the member will change to dark blue indicating that the design
has been modified. This design will not change again unless it is changed manually, or the design is cleared
using the Process – Clear Beam Design command.

• Now select one of the frame beams on Grid F with View/Update.
There are two significant differences about this beam line. First note that the envelope of the demand
moments (the yellow diagram) is thicker than the earlier gravity beam. That’s because this is a lateral
member with more load combinations to consider. The second is the traffic light. If the traffic light is red
then some aspect of the design has a warning.

To see what that warning is:

• Click the Design Warnings tab at the top of the window.
This beam happens to have the following warning for each span:

* Torsional Reinforcement Required. Section Torsional Capacity Not Acceptable (Ld/Cap = 2.72) per
ACI 318-02 Sec. 11.6.4.1 a.

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This warning will occur whenever the member Torsion exceeds the minimal capacity of the concrete as
specified in the code. It is important to note that the rest of the design is still applicable, despite this
warning. To avoid seeing torsion warnings at all:

• Select Criteria – Beam Design.

• Click on the Design Checks/Forces tab.

• Uncheck both optional design checks for Torsion and Deep Beams.

• Click [OK].
When you change one of the design criteria you will get a reminder that the designs will have to be
rechecked.

• Select Process – Design All.

Concrete Beam Deflection
Any beams that are still red at this point have some other kind of warning.

• Select Process – View/Update.

• Pick the center girder on Grid 5.

• Click on the Deflections tab.

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Here the table lists the controlling deflection criteria. The first and long spans of the beam line are all within
the long term deflection limits set in the deflection criteria.

To see the deflection ratios for all beams at once:

• Select Process – Results – Deflections.
The screen will be updated to display the deflection using a color scale. The graphic can also be set to show
Span to deflection ratio, Effective moment of Inertia or Deflection ratio.

• Click [Close] when finished.

• Select View – Reset Model to clear the screen.

Copy Design
Because the design and detailing of concrete beams can be complicated, it is often desired to use an
identical bar layout for typical beams. In this example, many of the beams can be detailed the same. To
apply identical design of one beam to another:

• Select Process – Copy Design.

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• In the Items to Copy box,

Check Reinforcing
Check Beam Section Assignments

• Under Tolerance Settings, select Perform copy only if beam lines are geometrically identical.

• Click [Single-to-Single].

A target cursor with an arrow will appear with the arrow pointing up indicating that the program is
expecting you to select the beam to copy the design from.

• Click on the infill beam behind the beam previously designed between Grids 3 and 4
The beam will highlight in white to show it has been selected as the “copy from” beam.

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The arrow on the cursor will now point down indicating that the program expects you to select the
beam to copy that design to.

• Click on the infill beam behind it.

When a design is copied to a beam, the new design is checked for code compliance. If the design is
acceptable, the color of that beam will change to Blue indicating the design is frozen.

If the design is insufficient in the applied beam, then it will be painted red to show that the new design has
failed.

The new design can be cleared from the beam by using the Process – Clear Beam Design command as
before. The beam will then be colored Yellow to indicate it is no longer frozen and it is ready to be
designed. The optimum design will be restored during the next Design-All or View/Update.

Tolerance and the copy command:

While the Tolerance Setting is set to “Perform copy only if beam lines are geometrically identical” copying
the design from one beam to another will only occur if the geometry is identical. For example, you could not
copy the beam reinforcing from a beam that spans between two columns to one of the infill beams because
the support conditions are different. This makes the Single-to-Fence and Single-to-All copy options quite
useful because you don’t have to worry about copying rebar that won’t fit in the various beams.

When the Tolerance Setting is set to “Perform copy if clear length of each corresponding spans is with
___%”, a greater number of beams can receive the copied design.

• Select Process – Copy Design – Single to All.

• This time click on the same beam that was designed during the View/Update portion of the tutorial
(running between Grids 3 and 4).

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Because we selected to only allow copying between beams with identical geometry, the only beam
that is affected by this copy is the other beam on gridline 1. The rest of the beams maintain their
design.

Reports
Many different reports can be generated from the Concrete Beam Module. The printed output is mostly
generated using the Reports menu.

To print the load combinations used in concrete design:

• Select Reports – Screen (if it is not already selected).

• Select Reports – Load Combinations.

• Click to exit the report.

To print a summary of the concrete beam designs:

• Select Reports – Beam Design Summary.

• Close the report.

A similar output is available for a single member through the View/Update dialog box by clicking [View
Summary]. The complete design results are also available from the report menu.

Take time now to review the various reports available in the Reports menu.

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RAM Concrete Column

RAM Concrete Column
To design all of your concrete columns you need to be in the Concrete Column Design Mode.

Before you can enter the concrete column design mode the concrete gravity analysis must have been
performed. If you have lateral concrete columns you will also want to make sure your model has been
analyzed in RAM Frame. Finally, if you are using Special Moment resisting frames, all of the concrete
beams must be designed before designing the columns.

To switch to the concrete column mode:

• Select Mode – Concrete Column.
The mode drop-down on the toolbar will indicate you are in column design mode.

Column Design Criteria
The program has an extensive set of design defaults to customize the way concrete columns are designed
and detailed. To set up the column design defaults which will be used for all columns in the model:

• Select Criteria – Column Design.

• Select the Code for each of the options under the Reinforcement tab.

• Click on the Bar Selection Tab to set more column design defaults.

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• For Transverse Design Spacing,

Type 12 for Segment Spacing Increment.
Type 1 for Transverse Bar Spacing Increment (the special moment frame columns may
require tie spacing other than 3’, 6” etc.)

• For Shear Legs, Type 3 for the Number of Shear Bar Legs for both the Major and Minor directions.

• Click on the Design Checks/Forces tab.

• Uncheck the option to Include the Max Column Axial Load Limit.

• For Gravity Forces on Lateral Columns, select Use RAM Concrete Analysis Forces.

• Click [OK].
The other design criteria for Reinforced Concrete Columns is the Lap Spacing which can be customized.

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• Select Criteria – Column Lap Splice.

• Use the Lap Splice options shown above.

Assign Bar Patterns
Before the Columns can be designed we must specify a bar patterns that we wish to use. You can define any
number of bar patterns or layout and the program can consider up to three of these layout for each column
that it designs. To define the bar patterns:

• Select Assign – Edit Bar Patterns.

For this example we will define three bar patterns.

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RAM Concrete Column

• Select 3 for Top/Bottom Face Bars (B).

• Select 1 for Additional Bars Each Side (H).

• Select #5 (T08) for Min. Longitudinal Bar Size.

• Select #9 (T12) for Max Longitudinal Bar Size.

• Select #3 (T06) for Transverse Bar Size.

• Click [Add].
A new line of data will appear in the Bar Pattern Groups Created list box.

• Increase the Min Longitudinal Bar size to #8(T10).

• Increase the Max Longitudinal Bar size to #11(T32).

• Increase the Transverse Bar Size to #5(t08).

• Click [Add] to create the second pattern.

• Increase the Additional Bars Each Side to 2.

• Select #5(T08) for Min. Longitudinal Bar Size.

• Select #9 (T12) for Max Longitudinal Bar Size.
• Select #3 (T06) for Transverse Bar Size.

• Click [Add] to create the last pattern of 10 total bars.

• Click [OK].

Now the bar patterns we just defined must be assigned to the concrete columns in the model. To do this:

• Select Assign – Bar Patterns.

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RAM Concrete Column

• Check the box next to each of the patterns that we defined. The graphic on the side indicates the

pattern information for the highlighted pattern.

NOTE: As you click on each bar pattern the graphic and data to the right are updated to provide a
description of that bar pattern.

• Click [All] to assign those two pattern options for design to all of the concrete columns.

NOTE: You can access the Edit Bar Patterns dialog box directly from this window as well.

At this point you could generate the Load Combinations for design, but the combinations used in the
Concrete Beam Module are already defined so we can skip ahead to designing the columns.

Design All and View/Update
With the design criteria set and the load combinations defined, we are ready to design the concrete columns.
At this point, the columns should have changed from a light blue color to yellow, indicating that they are
ready to be designed. To design the concrete columns:

• Select Process – Design All.

The design process requires numerous code checks for all of the Load Combinations and may take some
time to run on large concrete models. The status indicator again displays the progress of the design and
indicates when the design is complete.

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RAM Concrete Column

• Click [Close] to dismiss this window.

The Model graphics will be updated to display the interaction colors similar to Steel Column. Design colors
are either Green or Red columns. To see the design colors: View-Colors-Design Colors.

Green – Indicates that the column was designed successfully with no design warnings.
Red – Indicates some aspect of the Concrete Column design is insufficient or incomplete. Complete design
warnings can be seen in View/Update.

Blue – Indicates a successful design that is Frozen or Updated. (Columns that have failed will always appear
red even if they are frozen.)

• Select Process – View/Update.

• With the Target cursor select one of the interior gravity columns (this can be done from any plan
view, elevation view or directly from the 3D view).

The View/Update dialog box will open. There are many options available to in this dialog. For a complete
explanation of the View/Update window see the RAM Concrete manual.

The Column View/Update dialog box is separated into three tabs for Longitudinal Reinforcement which is
initially displayed, Transverse Reinforcement and Material Properties.

The program determined bar pattern is listed in the upper left corner. This reflects the optimum working
design from the assigned bar pattern groups. The design can be changed by simply clicking in the cell with
the design and picking another set of bars.

On the right side is an interaction surface for the currently selected level of the column. The program creates
an interaction surface for each 2-degree increment around the column. When designing the column, the
program investigates each data point (a set of axial forces and moments from a particular load combination
or pattern). The data point that is closest to the interaction surface is the point initially shown in the diagram.

At the bottom of the widow is an area for design warnings related to longitudinal reinforcement. There is a
separate area for transverse design warnings on the second tab.

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• Click in the Final Design Pattern cell for the 1st level

• From the drop down list, select 8-#11 (3×1), #5.

• Click [Analyze] to check the validity for the modified design.

The display will update to provide feedback on the success of the design.

• Notice that the program optimized to the 10 bar pattern since none of the 8 bar patterns worked. The
8 bar pattern selected issues a design warning. Feel free to create new bar patterns or edit the existing
ones to get a feeling of the design process.

• Click [Close] to return to the main graphic.
The lateral columns in this model have many more design requirements, not only because of the additional
loads, but also because they were designated as Special Moment Frames.

• While in View/Update mode, select one of the moment frame columns.
In this case, the program selects one of the bar sets with #5 ties. To review the transverse reinforcement
click on the Transverse Reinforcement Tab.

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Notice that the shear reinforcement has to be quite concentrated near the ends of the column in order to meet
the special detailing requirements of the code.

To review the complete design results.

• Click [View Results].

The Concrete Column Design Report will open. Review the report. For more information on the designs
performed in this check refer to the technical portion of the RAM Concrete Manual. Note; with multi-level
columns, the report will start from the top level and work down to the base.

• Close the report to return to the View/Update dialog box.

• Click [Close] to return to the main graphics window.

Copy Design
As with concrete beams, it is often desired to use an identical bar layout for typical columns. To apply the
same design to another column:

• Select View – Elevation.

• Click on any beam on Grid 3 to see the interior columns.

• Select Process – Copy Column Line – Single to Fence.
A target cursor with an arrow will appear with the arrow pointing up indicating that the program is
expecting you to select the column to copy the design from.

• Click on the gravity column previously modified.

• The fence cursor will then be ready for you to select all other columns that you wish to use this same
design. Fence all the interior gravity columns from B-3 to E-3.

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An analysis of the new design for the columns will be performed. The log window will open to
provide feedback while this is happening.

• Click [Close] to close the pop-up window.

If the design is acceptable, the color of that column will change to Blue indicating the design is frozen.

The new design can be cleared from the beam by using the Process – Clear Column Line command. The
columns selected will then be colored Yellow to indicate they are no longer frozen and are ready to be
designed. The optimum design will be restored during the next Design-All or View/Update.

Unlike the copy beam design command, the copy column design command transfers not only the
reinforcement, but the column size as well. Do not copy to columns that need to retain their size. It should
also be noted that the entire column line is copied with this command so you will not be able to copy
column of different height or number of stories.

Reports

Many different reports can be generated from the Concrete Column Module. The printed output is mostly
generated using the Reports menu.
To print a summary of the concrete column designs:

• Select Reports – Column Design Summary.

• Click to exit the report.

A similar output is available for a single member through the View/Update dialog box by clicking View
Summary. The complete column design results are also available from the report menu.

Take time now to review the various reports available in the Reports menu.

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RAM Concrete Column

RAM Concrete Shear Wall
To design all your concrete Shear Walls you need to be in the Concrete Shear Wall Design Mode. To switch
to the concrete column mode:

• Select Mode – Concrete Shear Wall.
Before you can enter the concrete Shear Wall design mode the RAM Frame analysis should have been
performed.

The mode drop-down on the toolbar will indicate you are in Shear Wall design mode.

Concrete Shear Wall Criteria
The criteria by which concrete shear walls are designed is dependent on the design code selected. For this
example, select the ACI 318-08 (BS8110:1997) design code.

• Select Criteria – Code…

• Choose ACI 318-08 and click [OK]

Review the Design Code Parameters:

For the purposes of this tutorial, copy these settings:

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RAM Concrete Column

Wall Design Groups
In the Concrete Shear Wall program, walls are grouped for design into “Wall Design Groups”. A Wall
Design Group can consist of a single wall or multiple walls. To assign Wall Design groups, do the
following:

• Select Assign – Wall Design Groups…

• Click [Add – Single]

• Click on the bottom L shaped walls in both stacks (4 walls total).

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RAM Concrete Column

Right click the mouse to return to the Assign Wall Design Groups dialog.

Note that the Wall Design Group number is update to 2, indicating that the next assignment will default to
Wall Design Group number 2. The “new” in parentheses denotes that no walls are currently assigned to
Wall Design Group 2.

• Click [Single]

• Click the target cursor on the remaining walls that comprise the elevator shaft boundaries.

• Right click to return to the dialog.

• Click [Fence]

• Fence the remaining 2 walls of the model.
Now all of the walls in the model belong to a wall design group.

You can also assign a wall panel priority to any wall panel which will force the program to design that wall
panel first. To assign a Wall Panel Priority:

• Select Assign-Wall Panel Priority

• For Priority Enter 1.
NOTE: This is an arbitrary number, but the higher number will get the higher priority. All walls have
Priority zero unless otherwise assigned.

• Click [Single].

• Select the two walls in Wall Group 1 between grids B and C.

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Wall Panels with an assigned priority.

Assign Section Cuts
There are two ways to assign section cuts to a wall design group: automatic generation or manual
assignment.

We’ll start with automatically generating section cuts.

• Select Assign – Section Cuts – Add Automatic…

The Assign Autogenerated Section Cuts dialog will open with the following defaults. Note that the “Max
Cut Spacing” of 0.0 results in the greatest possible spacing between cuts.

• Click [Single]

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• Click the target cursor Wall Design Group 1. Notice how the section cuts are generated around the
wall opening per the selected criteria.

• Right click to return to the dialog

• Click [Single]

• Click the target cursor on Wall Design Group 2.

Now we will manually add section cuts to Wall Design Group 3. To assign section cuts manually, you must
be in elevation view. You can select elevation view before issuing the add command or, if you issue the
command first, you will be prompted to do so.

• Select the Elevation View toolbar button

• Click the target cursor on the wall in Wall Design Group 3.

• Select Assign – Section Cuts – Add Manual…

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Before the dialog opens, you must draw a line through your wall using the mini-target cursor at the
approximate location of where you want your section cut.

When you release the mouse, the Add Section Cut dialog will open.

• Adjust the value in the Offset Distance edit box to 100.00 inches (2550 mm).

• Click [OK].

• Add another to the upper wall at 10 inches.

If there were multiple walls in this wall design group, checking the “Include All Wall in Wall Design
Group” would result in the section cut being assigned to all walls, even if they are out of plane of the
originally selected wall.

• Click the 3D View toolbar button to return to 3D View.

Create and Assign Bar Pattern Templates
During the design process, reinforcement is selected for the walls based on the Bar Pattern Template
assigned to the Wall Design Group. This is similar to the bar groups in the concrete column program.

You can access the “Edit Bar Pattern Template” dialog to create bar pattern templates either from the menu
or from the Assign Bar Pattern Template dialog. For this example, we will access it through the assign
dialog.

• Select Assign – Bar Pattern Templates…

• Click [Edit Templates] at the bottom of the dialog.

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• Check the Automatically Generate box beside the label

• For the SI Model use the defaults.

• Enter 2 for the Number of Curtains

• For Horizontal Bars select:
Minimum Bar Size = #5
Maximum Bar Size = #14
Maximum Spacing = 12 in
Minimum Spacing = 4 in
Spacing increment = 4 in

• For Vertical Bars select:
Minimum Bar Size = #6
Maximum Bar Size = #18
Maximum Spacing = 12 in
Minimum Spacing = 4 in
Spacing increment = 4 in

• Click [Add].

• Click [OK] to return to the Assign Bar Pattern dialog.

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• Select the newly created bar pattern template in the list box.

Notice that the information about that template is shown on the right.

• Click [All] to assign this bar pattern template to all of the wall design groups in the model.

Manual Reinforcement and Special Boundary Elements
In accordance with the design requirements of many design codes, Special boundaries can be assigned to a
wall or walls through the manual reinforcing command.

• Select Assign-Manual Reinforcement.

• Use the target cursor to select left most wall of Wall Group 1.

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• When the Manual reinforcement dialog comes up add 3 new reinforcing zones.

• Use your cursor in the graphics portion of the dialog to move the boundaries as displayed. Change the
2nd zone boundary to No, but Check.

• Click [OK].

• Repeat for the adjoining wall but move the boundaries to the wall edges.

Generate Load Combinations for Design
The design of concrete shear wall is based on combinations of loads rather than individual loads. Use the
load combination generator to create the code specified load combinations.

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• Select Combinations – Generated….

• Select IBC2006 (BS 8110 1997) in the Code for Combinations dropdown.

• Enter 1.113 for Sds

• Use reduced factor for snow.

• Click [Generate]

• Click [OK]

Load combinations can be turned on and off for consideration in the design. The more load combinations
that are turned “on”, the longer a design will take.

Design Wall Design Group 1
• Select Process – View/Update…

• Select Wall Design Group 1

When the View/Update dialog opens, use the target cursor to select a section cut for which results will be
displayed. The selected section cut will be highlighted in orange. At the top of the wall is a group of buttons
that allow you to zoom and alter the keyboard and mouse functions. Familiarize yourself with these buttons.
In the bottom portion of the screen you will notice the manual reinforcement you entered earlier displayed
graphically.

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Review Axial-Flexural Design Results:

• Select Axial/Flexural from the back row of tabs. This is the default and most likely already selected.

• Select Results from the front row of tabs.
The axial-flexural design results for the selected Section Cut are displayed in tabular form in the screen to
the right. Each row in the spreadsheet corresponds to a load combination. Above the spreadsheet is a
summary of the design, including information on the controlling load combination.

• Select a load combination in the spreadsheet by clicking on it.
The locally (Mumaj, Mumin) and globally (Muxx, Muyy) oriented required moments for the selected load
combination is then displayed below the spreadsheet.

• Once the Section cut has been selected and a load combo chosen, you can view the wall stresses from
RAM Frame.

• At the bottom of the graphics screen select the show/hide mesh button. Then click the next one called
mesh options.

• Notice that the wall now has a stress contour.

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• In the mesh options menu you will see several stress types to select from. Take this opportunity to
switch between them and see the behavior of the program. The stresses correspond to the load
combos at a section cut, so changing the section cut and combo will yield different results.

• Select Interaction Surface from the front row of tabs.
The axial verses flexural plot that is shown corresponds to the angle resulting from Mumaj and Mumin for the
selected load combination, referred to as the β angle.

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RAM Concrete Column

Review Shear Design Results:

• Select Shear from row of tabs.

Review the boundary Element Design Results:

• Select Boundary Elements from row of tabs.

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• Select the Tie/Link Design tab for information about the Tie design.

• Further information on boundary element design can be found in the shear wall manual.

Modifying the Design
Design wall group 3 in a similar fashion to Wall Group 1 by using the View/Update command. Notice that
only the 2 user assigned section cuts are available for display.

• Select the elevation view button in the toolbar above the 3D view window.

• Select a wall in the Wall Design Group to indicate the elevation view to display. Note that, just as in

the main program, the zoom, pan and rotate commands can be used to adjust the view on the screen.
See the Concrete Shear Wall manual for more details.

• From the mouse tool bar button, select Mouse Selects Section Cut

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• Select horizontal section cut SC3H:2

• Display the wall stresses for the controlling load combo, or display the reinforcing for the walls using
the reinforcing button next to the show/hide mesh button.

• Select the Reinforcing tab.

• Change to Reinforcing select mode by using the drop down menu shown in the figure below.

• Select any of the vertical reinforcing bars in the upper wall section. It will be highlighted in light gray
and the bar will be selected in the table on the right.

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• Change the bar size to #11.
Note that the Section Cuts for the Wall Panel to which the bar belongs have turned yellow, indicating
that the design is not current and needs to be run again.

• Make the same change in bar size to the next four cells directly below.
NOTE: When a new cell is selected, the bar is highlighted in the 3D view window.

• Click [Analyze]

Review the Design Results:

• Select the 3D View button from the toolbar.

• Select Mouse Selects Section Cut

• Select horizontal section cut SC3H:2

• Click [View Summary] to review the design report. (Additional reports are available from the
Reports menu).

• Click [Close] to exit View/Update

This completes the Tutorial for RAM Concrete. Proceed to the next section in order to work the RAM
Foundation Tutorial.

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RAM Foundation

RAM Foundation
This section illustrates the analysis and design of the spread footings and continuous foundations in an
integrated model. This section can only be completed if you have licensed and installed the RAM
Foundation module. You may begin with the model that you generated in the previous portions of this
tutorial, or you may open the model called RAMTutorial_v14_US.rss from the RAM Manager.

RAM Foundation Basics
To invoke RAM Foundation from the RAM Manager:

• Select Design – RAM Foundation or click the last square button on the left.
Because RAM Foundation is integrated into the RAM Structural System, it uses the same model and
database as RAM Frame and RAM Steel when designing foundations. In order for the program to design the
foundations, the loads must be determined by running the gravity column design and/or lateral analysis in
RAM Frame. If this has not been done, do so now, then proceed with this Tutorial. While most of the
information needed for foundation design is taken from the database, some data does need to be entered in
the Foundation program itself.

Before foundations can be designed, the following must be defined:

Soil Capacity.

Base plate size for lateral steel columns.

Width for Continuous foundations.

At least one load combination for Concrete.

At least one load combination for Soil.

Pile capacity information and layout.

Once this is complete, a design can be performed, but we recommend that you review the design and
optimization criteria closely first.

To establish the source for the design loads:

• Select Criteria – Forces.

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RAM Foundation

Leave the Forces on Gravity Members criteria set to use the third option: RAM Steel for steel members
and RAM Concrete for concrete members.
Since this model has 2 way decks RAM Steel cannot account for the loads on members underneath those
decks. This is why the first option is grayed out.

To set the design criteria:

• Select Criteria – Design.

• Choose ACI 318-08 (BS8110-97) as the desired code on the Code Tab

• Click the Design tab.

These parameters have a significant effect on the way the foundations are designed. For a complete
description of the option see the RAM Foundation manual. For this example:

Under Design Method:

• For Spread Footings,

Select Design footings based on applied forces (rather than soil capacity)
sub-option = Select optimum footing design for each column.

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RAM Foundation

• For Pile Cap Footings select Design pile caps based on pile load.

Under Design Method:

• Check all three footings for Include Moments Due to Shear in Column for:

• Check: Include Spread Footing Self-Weight When Checking Soil Stress.

• Check: Keep Spread Footing Square During Optimization.

• Uncheck to Increase Spread Footing Size to Prevent Uplift in Concrete Load Combinations.

• Check to Design Continuous Footing as Beam when Footing’s Full Width to Depth Ratio is less
than.

• Enter 2 for the ratio.

• Click on the Reinforcement tab

• Set the Clear Bar Spacing, Clear Bar Cover and Reinforcement Ratios to Code (as shown above)

• For Bars Sizes to Consider for Design, select

Shear: #3 and #4 bars (F08 and F10)
Flexure: #4 through #14 (F10-F20).

• Click [OK].

Optimization Criteria
There are additional criteria that affect the design of the foundations. To set those options now:

• Select Criteria – Optimize.

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RAM Foundation

• Set the Minimum distances from the base plate to 12 (250).

• Set the minimum from the column center to 18 (500).

• Set the Plan dimension increment to 6 (125).

• Set the minimum Thickness to 18 (500).

• Set the Thickness Increment to 6 (250).

• Set the Uplift Safety Factor to 1.

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RAM Foundation

• Click on the Pile/Pile Cap tab.

• Set the spacing variables to 0.5, 18 and 6 (0.5, 450 and 150).

• Set the Center to Center of Piles options to 2, 32, and 24 (2, 800, 600).

• Set the Thickness options to 24, 6 (600, 150).

• Click [OK].

Assign Soil Capacity
To assign soil capacity to this model

• Select Assign – Soil.
Initially, only the Allowable Bearing Capacity option for entering the soil capacity is available. This option
allows the engineer to idealize the soil capacity by using just one value to represent the soil capacity
regardless of dimensions of the foundation or depth of the soil.

You can also create a soil table by using the wizard. This feature allows you to assign the modulus of
subgrade reaction that affects the springs that will be used in the analysis of the footing.

To assign an Allowable Bearing Capacity:

• Enter 4 (200) in the Allowable Bearing Capacity edit box.

• Click [All].

NOTE: All of the Assign commands in RAM Foundation give the option of Single, Fence or All for making
assignments. [Single] will change the cursor to the target and allow for assignments on a foundation – by –

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RAM Foundation

foundation basis. [Fence] will change the cursor to a rubber band. Assignments are made to foundations
completely enclosed within the rubber band. [All] assigns the value to all foundations within the model. If a
new foundation is added to the model it must also have a soil assignment made.

Assign Base Plate Sizes to Lateral Columns
The Assign – Base Plate Size command allows the engineer to assign different base plate sizes to different
columns on a continuous foundation.

In our example the columns are mostly concrete columns with a specified size. For the gravity steel
columns, base plates are already provided by the RAM Steel Column design. These sizes can be overridden
with the Assign – Base Plate Size command. This size will only be used in RAM Foundation. It will NOT
be exported back to RAM Steel Column Design. Additionally, once an override is made in the foundation
module, this size will continue to be used by RAM Foundation even if the size is changed in RAM Steel
Column Design. To update a base plate so that that the optimum base plate size is again obtained from the
RAM Steel Column Design module, the “Clear User Defined Base Plate Size” option must be selected and
assigned. Upon re-running the RAM Steel Column Design, the new optimized base plate size will
automatically be assigned.

Assign Geometry
The footing module allows you to assign any of the footing dimensions that you do not wish to have
optimized. For spread footings, all of the dimensions may be optimized. Continuous footing design requires
you to assign at least the width.

To assign the geometry of the spread foundations:

• Select Assign – Geometry – Spread.

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RAM Foundation

• In the Assign – Spread Footing Geometry dialog box that opens, Check the Assign boxes for all

three dimensions.

• Check the Optimize box for all variables.

• Click [All].

NOTE: The footing need not be centered under the column. Any of the length dimensions may be set or
limited and the eccentricity will be considered in the design.

To assign the geometry of the continuous foundations:

• Select Assign – Geometry – Continuous.

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RAM Foundation

• Check the Optimize box for lengths and thickness.

• Type 3 (1) for both width dimensions.

• Type 4 for the Number of Shear Reinforcement Legs.

• Click [All].

Assign Surcharge
Since the footing is typically underground, you can assign a surcharge load to be considered in the design.
The surcharge will affect the soil check and the possibility of uplift, but does not enter into the design
calculations for the foundation itself. The self weight of the foundation is automatically accounted for by the
program.

To assign a surcharge:

• Select Assign – Surcharge.

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RAM Foundation

• Type 120 (6) for the Dead Load Surcharge.

• Click [All].

Assign Pile Geometry
In order for the program to check the pile design, you must provide the unfactored capacity of the piles and
the layout which should be used.

• Select Assign – Edit Piles.

• For the Label type 14in.

• Set the Diam to 14 (300)

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RAM Foundation

• Compression capacity to 120 (500)

• Tension Capacity to 20 (100)

• Shear capacity to 5 (25)

• Click [Add].
• Click [OK].

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RAM Foundation

To assign the pile cap geometry:

• Select Assign – Geometry – Pile Cap.

• Select the 14in pile on the left and the 3 Pile Group on the right

• Leave the other options in the default position and click [All].

Load Combinations
Before any foundations can be defined, you must specify the load combinations to consider. These may be
created manually as User Defined Load Combinations or Code Generated Combinations can be utilized..

• Select Combinations – Generate for Concrete.

• Select IBC 2006 (BS 8110 1997) from the Code Combo list box.

• Type 0.5 for Live Load Factor

• Type 1.113 for Sds.
• Set Rho to Use Calculated.

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RAM Foundation

• Choose reduced snow factor…

• Click [Generate].
The Load Combinations box should be filled with load combinations and each should be checked to
Use.

• Click [OK].

• Select Combinations – Generate for Concrete.

• Select IBC 2006/ASCE7-05 (BS 8110 1997) from the Code Combo list box.

• Type 1.113 for Sds.

• Used Reduced factor for snow…

• Set Rho to Use Calculated.

• Click [Generate] and click [OK].

Design All and View/Update
The foundations should now appear yellow indicating that the foundations are all ready to be designed (with
the exception of the mat foundation which can only be designed using RAM Concept). To design the
foundations:

• Select Process – Design – All Footings.
The program will calculate the optimum sizes for all of the footings. When finished, each should be drawn
in green and sized appropriately. Any foundations that appear in red could not be successfully designed.

This may take a few minutes to complete. Keep in mind that the program is running an individual finite
element analysis of each continuous foundation considering compression-only springs representing the soil
below. The progress is indicated in the status bar in the lower left hand corner of the screen. For a complete
explanation of how foundations are designed by the program refer to the RAM Foundation manual.

To investigate the design of individual spread footing:

• Select Process – View/Update.
With the target cursor, select the spread footing at Grid B – 2.

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RAM Foundation

The dialog box will open to the Results Tab provided a successful design was accomplished. From here you
can see the size of the footing and the reinforcement required. The signal light indicating the status of the
design is shown. From here you can change the sizes or the reinforcement, redesign the footing and update
the model if desired.

NOTE: The orientation of the foundation in the view/update dialog box is adjusted to so that the footing
length points to the right. This may not match the orientation on the plan.

• Uncheck the box marked Optimize Reinforcement. New text boxes will appear allowing you to
specify the reinforcement to use.

• Select #6 for Major and Minor Axis Bar Size. Notice that the provided steel area is immediately
updated and it appears red since the quantity of bars is no longer adequate.

• Type 8 for Major and Minor Axis Bar Quantity.

• Click [Redesign].

• Take a moment to become familiar with the contents of the other two Tabs: Design and Material
Properties. The Design tab summarizes the current design. When there is a problem with the
foundation design this page will indicate why the footing could not be designed. There is no need to
change any of the Material Properties at this time.

• Click [View Results].

• The Spread Footing Design Report should appear. Read through the results.

• Close the report and return to View/Update.

• Click [Update Database].

• Click [Close].

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RAM Foundation

The foundation will now appear blue since it is user assigned. Note that the arrow should still appear green.
This indicates that the design is still satisfactory. If something should change later causing the foundation to
fail, the arrow will change to red.

To investigate the design of individual continuous foundations:

• Select Process – View/Update.

• With the target cursor, select the continuous footing along Grid A.

The dialog box will open to the Results Tab provided a successful design was accomplished. From here you
can see the size of the footing and the reinforcement required. The signal light indicated the status of the
design as shown. In this case you have optimized for the length of the footing beyond the last column as
well as the thickness. Furthermore, the top and bottom reinforcement has been selected. The reinforcement
box shows what reinforcing bars have been selected. It defaults to the Longitudinal Top bars.

To change the selection:

• Select Longitudinal Reinf – Bottom from the drop down list. The data in the box should be updated
for bottom bars. You can also view the transverse and shear reinforcement in this way.

• If you wish to change the bar selection – uncheck the Optimize Reinforcement box. Then you can
change the numbers in the table directly.

• When finished Click [Redesign] to have the foundation checked.
Take a moment to become familiar with the contents of the other two Tabs: Design and Material Properties.

• Click [View Results] to see a complete design report for the foundation.

• Close the report when finished and click [Close] to exit the View/Update dialog box without making
any changes.

To investigate the design of individual continuous foundations:
• Select Process – View/Update.

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RAM Foundation

• With the target cursor, select one of the pile cap foundations.

As with the other foundations, the pile cap thickness or rebar may be altered through the view/update
command.

• To see the design results, select [View Results].

• To see the maximum individual pile forces click [View Pile Forces].

• Click [Close] when finished.

Reports
Many different reports can be generated from the Foundation Module. The printed output is mostly
generated using the Reports menu.

To print the service loads for a foundation design:

• Select Reports – Screen.

• Select Reports – Foundation Loads – Single.
Click the same continuous footing along Grid A. The Foundations Load report should appear. Notice that
the various elements that are supported by the foundation are listed separately. For an explanation of sign
convention see the Foundation manual.

• Click to exit the report.

To print a summary of the spread footing designs:

• Select Reports – Spread Footing Design Summary.

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RAM Foundation

• Click to exit the report.

For a continuous foundation design report:

• Select Reports – Continuous Footing – Single.

• Select one of the continuous foundations.

• Click to exit the report.

The foundation envelope report is also available from the reports menu. This report lists the maximum
design forces and soil stresses along the length of the foundation. This is the same report that you see when
you select [View Envelope] from the View/Update dialog box.

Take time now to review the various reports available in the Reports menu.

Thank you for taking time to complete this tutorial for the RAM Structural System. Refer to the various
program manuals for additional information on any aspect of the program that you do not fully understand.

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DISCLAIMER
RAM Structural System Tutorial
Table of Contents
Introduction
RAM Structural System Outline
RAM Manager
3-D viewer
RAM Modeler
RAM Steel Beam Design
RAM Steel Column Design
RAM Frame
RAM Concrete
RAM Foundation
Links with Other Programs

RAM Manager
Model Status lights
Selecting Criteria
Live Load Reduction
Self – Weight Options
Selecting Tables
Selecting Units
Additional Commands
RSS Feeds

RAM Modeler
Floor Layout Type
Grid Layout
Concrete Beam and Column Section Properties
Concrete Column Layout
Concrete Wall Layout
Copy Floor Types
Concrete Beam Layout
Steel Column Layout-Lower Levels
Moving and Sloping Columns
Steel Beam Layout – Lower Levels
Steel Member Layout – Typical Level
Steel Joist Layout – Roof
Slab Edge
Slab Opening
Floor Slabs and Deck
Story Data
Sloping the Roof
Construction Grids
Defining Loads
Applying Loads
Steel Beam Size Restrictions
Brace Points
Web Openings
Layout Bracing
Assigning Lateral Member Sizes
Assign Frame Numbers
Frame Fixity
Wall Openings
Layout Foundations
Renumber Members & Data Check
RAM Steel Beam Design
Selecting a Floor type
Design Codes
Design Criteria
Design and Investigation
Reports
RAM Steel Column Design
Brace Points and Splice Levels
Design Criteria
Column Design and Investigation
Copy and Clear User Sizes
Reports
RAM Frame – Analysis
RAM Frame Basics
General Analysis Criteria
Diaphragm Criteria
Ground Level
Redundancy Factors
Assign Menu Options
Mass and Exposure
Wind Load
Seismic Load
Analysis
View/Update
Member Forces
Deflected Shape:
Mode Shape
Drift
Reports
Load Combinations
RAM Frame – Shear Wall Analysis Module
Section Cuts
Reports
RAM Frame Steel – Standard Provisions
Design Criteria
Member Code Check – Standard Provisions
Joint Code Check – Standard Provisions
Reports – Standard Provisions
RAM Frame Steel – Seismic Provisions
Assign Frame Type
Member Code Check – Seismic Provisions
Joint Code Check – Seismic Provisions
Reports – Seismic Provisions
RAM Frame – Drift Control
Defining Virtual Load Cases
Defining Load Pairs
Reports
RAM Concrete Analysis
Concrete Program Organization
Concrete Gravity Analysis Module
Concrete Beam Design Module
Concrete Column Design Module
Assign Beam Line Numbers
Analysis Criteria
Other Criteria
Gravity Analysis
On-Screen Results
Results – Finite Element Model information
Results – Vertical Reactions
Results – Member Forces
Results – Displacements
View Options
View Beam Lines
View Gravity Loads
Reports
RAM Concrete Beam
Beam Design Criteria
Detailing Defaults
Load Combinations
Design All and View/Update
Concrete Beam Deflection
Copy Design
Reports
RAM Concrete Column
Column Design Criteria
Assign Bar Patterns
Design All and View/Update
Copy Design
Reports
RAM Concrete Shear Wall
Concrete Shear Wall Criteria
Review the Design Code Parameters:
Wall Design Groups
Assign Section Cuts
Create and Assign Bar Pattern Templates
Manual Reinforcement and Special Boundary Elements
Generate Load Combinations for Design
Design Wall Design Group 1
Review Axial-Flexural Design Results:
Review Shear Design Results:
Review the boundary Element Design Results:
Modifying the Design
Review the Design Results:

RAM Foundation
RAM Foundation Basics
Optimization Criteria
Assign Soil Capacity
Assign Base Plate Sizes to Lateral Columns
Assign Geometry
Assign Surcharge
Assign Pile Geometry
Load Combinations
Design All and View/Update
Reports