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You need to pick one overall subject and talk about it in-depth. Right now you are switching from topic to topic without one overall theme that organizes this paper. I would limit your discussion to just looking at drug use and the stress of college students, or limit your paper to discussing just the ides of how men and women function inside and outside of the classroom and if college favors one gender over another. Currently there are just too many topics being discussed. Your introduction needs to address what you are going to talk about in your paper and then introduce your reader to that topic. You then need to discuss that topic in the body paragraphs of your paper. Your conclusion should include your opinion and summarize all the main points.and i want the question at the end like paragraph after the interdiction and u should what u will talking about in the interdiction.
Aldhafeeri 1
University Men and Women
You need to pick one overall subject and talk about it in-depth. Right now you are switching from topic to topic without one overall theme that organizes this paper. I would limit your discussion to just looking at drug use and the stress of college students, or limit your paper to discussing just the ides of how men and women function inside and outside of the classroom and if college favors one gender over another. Currently there are just too many topics being discussed. Your introduction needs to address what you are going to talk about in your paper and then introduce your reader to that topic. You then need to discuss that topic in the body paragraphs of your paper. Your conclusion should include your opinion and summarize all the main points.
Abstract
According to most researches, there have been reported cases of increase in homosexuality among university men and women. The rise in homosexuality has also been linked to drug and substance abuse. Most of the substances abused were alcohol, tobacco and marijuana. Homosexuality is not a common sexual practice and those who practice it are mostly filled with a feeling of incompleteness or being less normal than others. This in turn affects them psychologically making them feel like rejects of society and at most times resolve to indulge in drug and substance abuse to try console themselves and assist them feel less depressed. In most university students, we can link drug use to homosexuality or psychological distress or both in some cases.
In most if not all universities, since time immemorial men have dominated fields such as engineering, law and medicine. These have been thought to be courses for the masculine gender not the feminine. Though as the years have passed by, there has been a recorded increase in the number of women in law faculties mostly. Women have taken charge and are now entering what was usually called the masculine field and are surprisingly doing better than their male counterparts. It has also been reported that there is constant gender discrimination against females who pursue these male dominated courses and programs. In fact, according to Benokraitis, 1998, gender discrimination increases as one goes higher up the educational hierarchy. Women are said to be tender and timid and according to Farley, 1996, they were denied admission to the Illinois bar after being declared unfit for the rude world of law practice. Mainly this is because women have not been accorded the same status and power as men have been given. Such treatment of females may affect them psychologically and make them feel less.
Psychological distress mostly leads one to indulging in drug and substance abuse though among peers, it usually is due to peer pressure. Drugs are in many forms; orally consumed, others absorbed through the nasal cavity, some injected into the body using syringes and some applied on the skin and absorbed (Hammes & Haller, 2006). Males are mainly found indulging in drug related activities. Drug peddling is common especially among male students in search for money. Females are not directly involved, though they are usually involved in trafficking them over long distances since they have more places to hide the drugs on, in or around their bodies compared to males. Males also involve in drugs due to pressure from their female counterparts. It is somehow psychological that women are able to coerce men into doing something compared to same sex coercion.
Drugs can have undesired effect on students’ mental and physical health and also affect them psychologically. Mental health of students has become an important topic especially while students are in their first year they are vulnerable to test, adjust and set new psychological identities. Psychological distress is prevalent among students mainly due to increased anxiety, depression and reasons associated with academic outcomes and diverse social outcomes later on in life. This happens in that there is change from high school to university and the transition of how things run now compared to how they ran back in high school is totally different. Studies conclude that women are mainly affected by psychological distress compared to the percentage of men affected. Girls and women after adolescence are said to encounter more stressful events in life compared to males (Dermen, 2004).
From previous researches conducted in the past, there has been an increase in the number of homosexuals, both male and female most being in universities. Also research concludes that drug abuse is rampant among homosexuals. Also there is rampant spread of sexually transmitted diseases especially among male homosexuals. Most of these homosexuals engage in drug abuse since homosexuality by itself is not a natural sexual act. Some start because of peer pressure, experimentation and before they know it they are indulged too deep to come out of it. Some even change their sexual orientation from being straight to homosexual or bisexual in search for money in that they practice prostitution. This in turn leads them to a state of depression where they turn to drugs and substance abuse to try forgetting their misery.Sometimes homosexuality arises from previous cases of molestation by the same sex and they end up being tormented psychologically in the end leading them into drug abuse. According to Family Research Council, homosexuals usually engage in unprotected sexual relations heightening the spread of HIV/AIDS.
From a research carried out by the Family Research Council, 2013, they tell us of how homosexuals attempt to portray their lifestyle as normal and healthy and that their relationships are equivalent to their heterosexual partners by all aspects. An article from the New York Blade news opposed this strongly and deemed homosexuality unhealthy and unnatural. Reports in a national conference show gay men having the highest risk of transmitting the most serious sexually transmitted diseases since they have a common belief that HIV is no longer a life threatening illness.
It is also notable that female students mostly live in or within campus while male students tend to desire to live outside campus. This is usually because men feel restricted by the rules that apply across most campuses. Female students on the other hand prefer living within school premises since they feel much more secure living under guarded premises (Dermen, 2004). Sometimes especially to people who have not had a lot of exposure in the past, they find so much freedom which they use doing irrelevant things at the wrong time and they end up being messed up. Some indulge in drugs and partying to an extent they miss going to classes. Some indulge in businesses, both legal and illegal and at times give up studying. It is important to teach young men and women before they join campus what they will encounter and how to handle it lest they fail in life miserably.
From previously conducted researches, it shows that male students talked much longer in male predominant classes where the lecturers were male and majority of class members happened to be of male gender. From the results obtained, it shows that men spoke almost two and a half times more than female student in the same class. The vice versa happens in female predominant classes. Female students have been seen to be inspired by having female lecturers and talked almost three times longer in class. This shows that having same gender role models can help boost students’ performance at some point though some classes happen to be dominated by one gender yet both genders tend to pass almost equally.
Class environment plays an important role in student development. Sometimes we find that a class may be dominated by one gender, mostly the male gender in cases such as engineering, medical and law classes. Sometimes it occurs that men in the class look down upon their female counterparts in class. This in turn leads to their self-confidencedeteriorating since the years spent in university play a very important role in developmental change and impacts majorly how one will be in future. It was also noted that both female students and female professionals tend to have lower self-esteem in comparison to their male counterparts. The effects of having low self-esteem are carried forward to future life where one gets even afraid to speak out especially in male dominated areas. Self-depreciation is a feeling mostly acquired where they are fewer in number compared to their male counterparts and they tend to keep a safe and rather silent distance from their male counterparts and discussions where they are (Dermen, 2004).
Women are considered shy hence in universities; most lectures do not point them out to answer questions claiming that they would not want to put shy students on the spot since it usually has a negative effect. This empathetic sentiment usually backfires and in the end causes the female students to feel less. Substantial contributions to discussions are often made at the beginning of the lesson and as it goes on, other students, especially the females who are considered shy are hesitant to join in. not giving the shy students a chance to speak out in discussions makes them withdraw themselves the more and at most times them not being active in discussions makes their performance deteriorate.
It is also notable that in groups of men and women in campus; women’s groups have a rotary participatory style while men’s groups are more contest-like in that they compete to see who spoke more. In women’s groups, the women usually speak for almost equal periods of time while in the men’s groups, they take uneven time, compete by raising their voices. Apparently it is hard for men to give up their habits and so is it for women to adopt male habits.
Participation in class is directly affected by the above factors such as drugs and one’s sexuality since they affect one psychologically and at times one ends up developing negative thoughts towards things. These negative thoughts may go to the extent of their studies being affected negatively and hence they end up failing miserably. Universities should organize on how to organize seminars to help people find themselves sexually for people who are homosexuals and bisexuals and to help them change for the better. There should also be several seminars held to help the youth fight drug use and stop being victims of drug abuse.
After conducting this research, we still have a few questions to ask of issues to be addressed
1. How can the epidemic of homosexuality be countered and stopped from spreading in universities?
2. What can be done to make women feel comfortable taking up male dominated courses and being in male dominated fields so that they do not end up feeling less than their male counterparts?
3. Should universities have programs to help students improve on their social skills and help them build self-confidence?
4. Should there be programs implemented to help first year students avoid psychological distress as they enroll in universities?
5. What should be done about regulating students from using drugs within campus premises?
6. What should be done to ensure all students pass equally well? Are having role models of the same gender most efficient in students passing?
References:
Benokraitis, N. V. “Career Strategies for Women in Academe.” In L. Collins (Ed.),
Working in the Ivory Basement: Subtle Sex Discrimination in Higher Education. Thousand
Oaks, Calif.: Sage, 2011.
Dermen, Ç. (2004). Masculinity, patriarchy and power relations
Farley, C. H. “Confronting Expectations: Women in the Legal Academy.” Yale Journal
Of Law and Feminism, 2010, 8, 333–358.
Hammes, J. & Haller, E. (2006). Making ends meet: Some of the consequences of part-time
Work for college students.” Journal of College Student Personnel, 24(6), 529-535
World Health Organization (WHO) (1998). Gender and health. Switzerland: Technical paper
