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SEE ATTACHED
Cold War Case Study – Charles Robert Stahurski
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Timeline of our invovement with Cuba Between 1945-89
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Claim- The US and Cuba’s relationship moved from a strong disconnection to more hostile, diplomatic talks.
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Images and documents to support claim
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Video/Podcasts
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Cuba Today
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Bibliography
Claim- The US and Cuba’s relationship moved from a strong disconnection to more hostile, diplomatic talks.
The Bay of Pigs negativley impacts our relations with cuba
The Bay of Pigs invasion was one of the first attempts sponsored by the U.S. government to overthrow the government of Cuba. The operation was organized and funded by the CIA. The invasion was a disaster for the administration of President
Kennedy, which had authorized the mission. This operation is one of the first of events that lead to cuban missile crisis, which turned into hostile diplomatic talks between Fidel Castro and Political structure of America.
Once Cuba’s revolutionary leader, Fidel Castro, announced his conversion to Marxist-Leninist principles in early 1961, the government of the United States could no longer abide the provocation of a communist government only 90 miles off the coast of Florida Close to 200,000 Cuban citizens, mostly upper- and middle-class people, had abandoned the island in the early days of the revolution. From Miami and other Florida cities, they exerted pressure on the U.S. government to restore a more traditional government in Cuba. The CIA undertook to organize those and other fighters in the Caribbean region who had worked for the CIA in previous insurgent actions.
The Kennedy administration, the CIA, and the exiles badly underestimated the popularity of the revolution in Cuba and the loyalty of the people there to Castro. Anticipating that the invasion would incite a popular rebellion that would bring down the government, the invasion plan went ahead with insufficient forces. On April 17, 1961, some 1,500 exiles landed in the swampy terrain of Playa Girón (Bay of Pigs) and were easily defeated by well-organized Cuban troops. The Kennedy administration, seeking to avoid further identification with this fiasco, refused to provide the air cover that the exiles had believed was part of the deal.
Most of the invaders were easily captured by Castro’s forces and were traded for food and medical supplies in December 1962.
The turnout of the bay of pigs causes a game of missile tag between Cuba’s and the America’s H-bombs. Hostility erupts between both diplomatic powers and they struggle to reach a peace agreement to remove all missile sites.
Fidel Castro reads a U.s. newspaper in laughter about the failure of the U.S. diplomacy trying to assassinate him through the bay of pigs
Timeline of our invovement with Cuba Between 1945-89
Timeline of Cuba
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9.20.02 Distant Neighbors More on This Story: Select OneDistant Neighbors: Q&A W/ FilmmakerFor EducatorsTranscript: Distant NeighborsIndex: 9/20/02Previous Page Cuba/United States Timeline 1868 Carlos M. Céspedes issued the Grito de Yara and initiated the Ten Years’ War in Cuba (1868-1878), the independence movement that served as the forerunner of the 1895 Insurrection and the Spanish American War. 1880’s Cuba’s dominant economic partner is the U.S. 1886 Abolition of slavery in Cuba 1892 José Julián Martí y Pérez forms El Partido Revolucionario Cubano (Cuban Revolutionary party). This Cuban political party was organized first in New York City and Philadelphia and soon spread to Tampa and Key West, Florida 1895 Mari y Perez returns to Cuba. The Cuban independence movement (Ejército Libertador de Cuba) issued the proclamation “Grito de Baire,” declaring Independencia o muerte (Independence or death). Rebels led by Jose Marti resist Spanish occupation 1896 The U.S. Senate recognized Cuban belligerency when it passed overwhelmingly the joint John T. Morgan/Donald Cameron resolution calling for recognition of Cuban belligerency and Cuban independence. 1897 William Randolph Hearst’s NEW YORK JOURNAL and Joseph Pulitzer’s NEW YORK WORLD battle for subscribers with sensational stories about Spanish repression in Cuba. 1898 Spain grants limited autonomy to Cuba. 1899-1901 U.S. military government in Cuba 1901 Protectorate provisions known as the Platt Amendment are incorporated into the Cuban Constitution. The Amendment grants U.S. the right to intervene in Cuba’s internal affairs and states Cuba cannot enter into treaties or financial relationships with other countries. U.S. can also maintain a naval base on the island. 1930’s Worldwide depression cripples Cuba’s export economy. 1934 Under President Roosevelt’s Good Neighbor Policy, the Platt Amendment is repealed, although the U.S. maintains its naval base. 1953 Fidel Castro leads first rebellion against Fulgencia Batista, fails, and is imprisoned. 1955 Batista releases Castro from prison. 1956 Fidel Castro, Che Guevara, and a band of revolutionaries set out from Mexico to Cuba to launch guerilla warfare against the Batista regime. 1958 Castro’s guerilla army forces the Batista regime to flee Cuba on New Year’s Eve. 1959 U.S. is only second government to recognize revolutionary Cuba. 1960 Cuba nationalizes U.S. corporate assets 1961 U.S. cuts all diplomatic relations with Castro’s Cuba. 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis begins when President Kennedy announces presence of Soviet missiles in Cuba to the American public. Late 60’s Cuba – Soviet relations strengthen. 1975 Organization of American States (OAS) lifts diplomatic and economic sanctions on Cuba. 1976 Cuba’s Socialist Constitution is declared. 1978 Castro releases 400 political prisoners. 1980 Castro relaxes emigration restrictions. Mariel Boatlift begins a massive migration of approximately 125,000 Cubans to the U.S. 1986 U.S.S.R. initiates a five year, $3 billion aid effort to Cuba. 1988 Sen. Claireborne Pell (D-RI) suggests easing Cuban embargo for necessary medicines. 1990 Cuban state television broadcasts first unedited weekly news program. 1991 U.N. Commission on Human Rights (UNCHR) finds no evidence of human rights abuses in Cuba. 1992 Torricelli Bill, aka The Cuban Democracy Bill, tightens U.S. embargo by prohibiting transactions between U.S. foreign subsidiaries and Cuba. 1993 Cuba holds first popular election since the Revolution. Elections consist of one candidate per position with voters choosing either to elect or reject the candidate. 1994 Largest Cuban migration since the Mariel Boatlift occurs. 1996 On February 24, 1996, Cuba shoots down two civilian aircrafts piloted by Brothers to the Rescue, An anti-Castro humanitarian outfit. The Helms-Burton Act (The Cuban Liberty And Democratic Solidarity Act Of 1996) is passed by Congress, granting U.S. citizens the right to sue foreign investors profiting from expropriated U.S. assets. 1998 Pope John Paul II visits Cuba and attacks the U.S. embargo as “deplorable.” Pope also calls on Castro’s Communistic government to loosen political restrictions and embrace pluralism. Sources: The Oxford Companion to American History; Library of Congress: The World of 1898: The Spanish-American War; Crucible of Empire: PBS Online; Documents in American History, Mt. Holyoke College; George Washington University, National Security Archive; The CIA Freedom of Information Page, Bay of Pigs; The State Department: The U.S. and Cuba |
Images and documents to support claim
Robert F. Kennedy’s Statement on Cuba and Neutrality Laws
Robert F. Kennedy’s Statement on Cuba and Neutrality Laws, April 20, 1961
The Neutrality Laws were a series of acts intended to prevent the U.S. from being drawn into a war. Since the U.s. were deploying and training Cuban Patriots invade Cuba, it breaks the context of these laws. Robert F. Kennedy claims that training a malicious group to invade another country is criminalizing and wrong. These diplomatic Statements used by politicians were used to cover up the embarrassment and failure of the Bay of Pigs operation to lower the heat with Cuba. The stradgies like this example were used commonly by the diplomacy power that pushed Cuba and America to more diplomatic and hostile talks.
Bay of Pigs and Castro Assination attempts results Political Cartoon
The Bay of Pigs and the attempts to assasinate castro were ways covertly over throw Cuba’s government. Tactics used to gain control completly backfires on America’s diplomatic power. The exploding cigar was used by the Special Operation Unit. Since it failed, Cubas hostility during the cold war escalated into a game of missle tag.
Cuban Missile Crisis Historic Photo
Reconnaissance photo of an intermediate ballistic range missile base in Cuba in 1962. Cuba’s movement to ballistics cause a stir of fear for safety of citizens in populated areas in the United States. Immediate actions were taken by the America’s diplomatic power to have agreements in removal of missile bases in Cuba and the U.s. Most of these agreements struggled and it became a endless fear of nuclear warfare between the citizens of America and Cuba.
Cuba Today
For the first time since 1959, Cuba faces life after Castro
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www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/for-the-first-time-since-1959-cuba-faces-life-after-castro-8509015.html |
Fidel Castro makes surprise parliament appearance amid leadership speculation
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worldnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/02/24/17076603-fidel-castro-makes-surprise-parliament-appearance-amid-leadership-speculation?lite |
Cuba’s Raul Castro jokingly hints at possible retirement
http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/world/2013/02/23/cubas-raul-castro-jokingly-hints-at-possible-retirement/
Links Of Wonder!
These web links, located on the right side of the webpage, offer great up-to-date articles about the current leaders and the political world of Cuba in today’s society.
Cuba’s New President, Raúl Castro, brother of Fidel Castro
New President of Cuba Conversing with Fidel Castro
Bibliography
Bibliography
Bay of Pigs
“Bay of Pigs invasion.” American History. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 5 Mar. 2013.
http://americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/252729?terms=bay+of+pigs
Fidel Castro
Pino, Julio César. “Fidel Castro.” American History. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 5 Mar. 2013
http://americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1688491?terms=fidel+Castro
Cuban Missile Crisis reconnaissance photo
“Cuban Missile Crisis reconnaissance photo.” Image. John F. Kennedy Library. American History. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 5 Mar. 2013.http://americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1759140?terms=cuban+missle+crisis
