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I.
OBJECTIVES
1.
To analyze the characteristics of rectifying diode using theoretical, simulation, and physical construction of the circuit.
2.
To analyze the characteristics of voltage regulation (zener diode and voltage regulator) using theoretical, simulation, and physical construction of the circuit.
II. PARTS / Equipment
List:
Equipment:
IBM PC or compatible
Function Generator
DMM (digital multimeter)
Oscilloscope
Parts
:
|
Qty. |
Component |
Tolerance Band |
Wattage Rating, W |
|
|
1N4004 |
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|
1 kΩ Resistor |
±5% |
|||
|
10 kΩ Resistor |
gold |
|||
|
27 kΩ Resistor |
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|
30 kΩ Resistor |
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|
Other resistors as needed for the design of op-amp circuits |
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|
Proto Board |
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|
BNC to split-ends cable |
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|
Hook-up wires of different colors |
Software
:
MultiSim 11
III. PROCEDURE
A. Theoretical analysis of the rectifier diode
1. Given the circuit in Figure 1, the resistor R1 has a resistance of 1.0 kΩ. Sketch the theoretical waveforms for the input (CH-1) signal and the output (CH-2) signal when a 10 VPP 1.0 kHz sine wave is applied to the circuit, Record the positive and negative peak voltages and average voltage for both the input and output signals. Enter the results in Table 1.
Figure 1 – Rectifier circuit
B. MultiSim simulation of the rectifier diode circuit
1. Enter the circuit shown in Figure 1 in Multisim.
2. Connect the Agilent oscilloscope to the circuit. Channel 1 across the function generator and Channel 2 across the resistor R1. The resistor R1 has a resistance of 1.0 kΩ. Capture the waveforms for the input (CH-1) signal and the output (CH-2) signal when a 10 VPP 1.0 kHz sine wave is applied to the circuit, Record the positive and negative peak voltages and average voltage for both the input and output signals. Enter the results in Table 1.
C. Construction of the rectifier diode circuit
1. Construct the circuit in Figure 1. (For on-line students: Take a picture of your circuit and place it on the worksheet.)
2. Record the input and output signal waveforms (either sketch the signals or capture the scope image). Obtain the positive and negative peak voltages and average voltage for the input and output signals. Enter the results in Table 1.
3. Compare the theoretical, simulation, and hardware circuit results, and enter your comments on the worksheet.
D. Theoretical analysis of the filtered rectified circuit
1. Given the circuit in Figure 2, the resistor R1 has a resistance of 1.0 kΩ and the capacitor has a capacitance of 10 µF. Sketch the theoretical waveforms for the input (CH-1) signal and the output (CH-2) signal when a 10 VPP 1.0 kHz sine wave is applied to the circuit, Record the positive and negative peak voltages and average voltage for both the input and output signals. Enter the results in Table 2.
Figure 2 – Filtered rectified circuit
E. MultiSim Simulation of the filtered rectified circuit
1. Enter the circuit shown in Figure 2 in MultiSim.
2. Connect the Agilent oscilloscope to the circuit. Channel 1 across the function generator and Channel 2 across the resistor R1. The resistance of R1 is 1.0 kΩ and the capacitance of C1 is 10 µF. Capture the waveforms for the input (CH-1) signal and the output (CH-2) signal when a 10 VPP 1.0 kHz sine wave is applied to the circuit, Record the positive and negative peak voltages and average voltage for both the input and output signals. Enter the results in Table 2.
F. Construction of the filtered rectified circuit
1. Construct the circuit in Figure 2. (For on-line students: Take a picture of your circuit and place it on the worksheet.)
2. Record the input and output signal waveforms (either sketch the signals or capture the scope image). Obtain the positive and negative peak voltages and average voltage for the input and output signals. Enter the results in Table 2.
3.
Compare the theoretical, simulation, and hardware circuit results, and enter your comments on the worksheet.
G. Voltage Regulation using the zener diode
1. Construct the circuit shown in Figure 3 on MultiSim. .
2. Connect the Agilent oscilloscope to the circuit. Channel 1 across the function generator and Channel 2 across the resistor R1. The resistance of R1 is 1.0 kΩ, the resistance of R2 is 100 Ω and the capacitance of C1 is 10 µF. Capture the waveforms for the input (CH-1) signal and the output (CH-2) signal when a 20 VPP 1.0 kHz sine wave is applied to the circuit, Record the positive and negative peak voltages and average voltage for both the input and output signals.
Figure 3 – Zener diode regulation circuit
H. Voltage Regulation using the voltage regulator
1. Construct the circuit shown in Figure 4 on MultiSim. .
2. Connect the Agilent oscilloscope to the circuit. Channel 1 across the function generator and Channel 2 across the resistor R1. The resistance of R1 is 1.0 kΩ, the capacitance of C1 is 10 µF, and the capacitance of C2 and C3 is 0.1 µF. Capture the waveforms for the input (CH-1) signal and the output (CH-2) signal when a 20 VPP 1.0 kHz sine wave is applied to the circuit, Record the positive and negative peak voltages and average voltage for both the input and output signals.
3. Comment on the observations made using the zener diode and the voltage regulator for voltage regulation.
Figure 4 – Voltage Regulator circuit
IV. QUESTIONS:
Answer the following questions on the worksheet.
1. What would be different about the signal waveforms if the diode D1 is reversed?
2. Why would an individual desire to use a capacitor after the diode rectifier? What impact does the value of the capacitor have on the filter rectified circuit?
3. For negative voltages, what voltage regulator(s) would you suggest to use?
4. If an individual needs a positive voltage other than 5 V, what voltage regulator would you recommend? What must be the regulator input voltage for this voltage regulator to operate properly?
