Changes in Attitudes Towards Dying, Death, and Bereavement

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Write a two- to three-page paper (excluding title page and reference page), in which you discuss how cultural attitudes toward dying, death, and bereavement have changed. Include the introduction of hospice care and its role in this shift. Support your ideas with information from the text and from at least two other academic resources. Make sure you cite your sources in the text and on the reference page in proper APA format. I do not have the current edition of this textbook. I will be sending pdf files of Chapter 14 that I have and some articles that may be used in this assignment. Below is the reference information for the textbook that I have. Quadagno, J. (2008). Aging & the Life Course: An introduction to social gerontology (4th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw Hill. I must request that my writer or writers for these assignments understand that I will verify any and all information in their work. It is absolutely imperative that he/she understands that there are just some resources that are unacceptable. Below are the grading criteria and the information regarding sources. Hospice and Attitudes toward Death 10 points possible Content Criteria Weight The student fully addresses all key elements listed in the assignment instructions 2 The content of the paper is comprehensive, accurate, well developed, and relates to the topic. 1 Thoughts and opinions are supported by specific details, facts, examples or analysis, and the content is logically organized. 3 Writing Skills The paper has well-developed paragraphs with fully-supported topic sentences. 1 The paper is correct with respect to correct spelling, punctuation, and grammar. .5 Research Criteria The paper includes at least two academic resources. 1 Style Criteria The paper is two- to three-double-spaced pages in length (excluding title and reference pages) and is correctly formatted according to APA guidelines. 1 The paper begins with a well written and cohesive introductory paragraph and concludes with a cohesively written concluding paragraph. .5 What sources are NOT acceptable for academic research and referencing? • Encyclopedias • Dictionaries • Wikipedia, other wikis, or blogs • Websites and other sources that do not provide quality researched materials (site does not use credible sources to support the information in the document) All research must reflect professional academic protocol and be documented according to APA standards.

Changes in Attitudes Towards Dying, Death, and Bereavement 1

Change in attitude towards death and bereavement

Numerous changes can be seen in the manner people are viewing mourning, medical progress and death. Palliative care was stated
three decades ago to address the lack of knowledge or not caring about the pain the victims of death are experiencing. The movement entered the public limelight as a major part of
hospice movement (Callahan, 2009). Recently there has come up a mixture of hospice care and clinical treatment, a kind of consideration that death is unavoidable.
In the meantime however, combining real progress, matching media hype about the past and death forestallation
with coming victories over death gives the impression that death is going to be seen as a biological accident an event that is contingent that is not fixed given (Callahan, 2009). Currently there is a belief that people die because of unfortunate genetics, misfortunes, lack of immediate medical attention, likewise, mourning has changed. The old way of laying the deceased in the living rooms then followed by a public funeral has been long forgotten and replaced by private funerals and
which are
followed by memorial ceremonies. There are no more dead bodies being displayed for a grief over, instead soothing ceremonies to remember the deceased have taken over (Quadagno, 2008).

In the war against aging and death, the modern period is characterized by
mainly by the change that contradicts death itself. The change that goes against death, that has slowly become the biggest predecessor. Death is slowly being changed from a fixed human and biological inevitability to an event of contingent nature that can be manipulable and accidental as well
. At first death was seen or believed to
a natural occurrence and something unchangeable. Currently the notion that death is a natural occurrence is slowly fading in the minds of those who are aggressively undertaking medical research (Callahan, 2009).

According to Hasteline
William who is a well known CEO of Human Genome Sciences, death is just a series of diseases which can be prevented (Fisher
1999). Also the statement concurs with the research agenda of international biomedical research that targeted all the lethal known diseases for conquest
. With enough financial resources and time, the belief was that all the lethal diseases could be conquered (Callahan, 2009). This contradicts the past belief that death is unpreventable natural occurrence.

Also today there is a lot of schism at the heart of medicine. There is an attempt by the palliative care movement to re-examine into way of taming death
. However in contrast, the research imperative
is moving towards conquering one disease at a time and finally death. Some researchers point out that it is their intention to do so. On the other hand the enterprise of medical research intensifies the same sentiments. Those who are skeptical on
the research have been called such names as moralists and apologists for considering death as human given as well as defending such an awful state of issues by researchers.

The net outcome of schism, conflicting medicine cannot avoid giving an expression of being at the bedside.
Rieff, (2008) describes a disease as an eventual death of his mum
. She lost the struggle but never gave up attempting
. The story helped to put into context the widespread and untrue perception that it is almost an impossible for anyone to need all-out effort to avoid death.
In 1970s
, there was a complaint by patients that some doctors would not let people who were supposed to die, die
. However nowadays, there are a lot of complaints about the same doctors that doctors are not doing enough to protect patients from dying.

Mourning nowadays is influenced mainly by two factors like; nature of occurrence of death and age of the deceased.
Those who die younger makes the mourners feel that it was not the right time for them to die unlike their older counterparts. Also those who die through tragic accidents leave mourners in a shocking state than those who have suffered a long time illness
.

References

Callahan, D. (2009). Perspectives in Biology and medicine. John Hopkins University Press.

Rieff, D. (2008). Swimming in a sea of death. Amazon.com
.

Quadagno, J. (2008). Aging and the Life Course: An introduction to social gerontology (4th Ed.). New York, NY: McGraw Hill.

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