History

I have a prompt which has several questions each question should be answered speratly in a paragraph. The answers should be from the book ( Bonnie G. Smith, et. al.,
Crossroads and Cultures: A History of the World’s Peoples, Vol. II) or power points which I have uploaded it or from this link ( 
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1nByszIFF1KqLB8I3x9Oyo0Ckjbxspvx6_SragXeKUUk/edit)

Make sure to answer the questions specifically and to use simple words and to answer all of the questions..

The first file is the prompt ( questions)

the second and third files are power points.

I need it before midnight ( after 6 hours aprox)

 

Prompt

1. What is fascism? Both the Germans and the Japanese developed politics in the 1930s that deeply challenged the parliamentary and democratic traditions that developed in England, France, and the United States. Some historians have called the kind of political organization in these countries Totalitarianism and have included the government Stalin formed in the USSR as well. What do you believe these historians meant by totalitarianism? What are the similarities between what the Japanese, Germans, and Soviets believed? What are the differences?

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Hitler and the Rise of Nazi Germany
Spodek: 687-690

Why Study Hitler/The Nazis?

Why the Nazis could rise to power in Germany
Defeat in World War I
Versailles Treaty—England and France “Stabbed Germany in the Back”
Great Depression: High Unemployment, Low Profits, People Lose Savings
German Military Tradition: Frederick the Great—Prussia; Otto Von Bismarck—Unified Germany; Luddendorf; Hindenburg
Anti-Semitism—Jews as Scapegoats: “Had all the jobs”; “Controlled Politics”; “Had all the money” (None of the above was true but it didn’t matter)

Adolph Hitler
Emblematic of German Problem:
Only success came in war—won a minor medal
Believed that Germany “stabbed in the back”
Germany should have won the war
Unemployed after the war—no jobs
Couldn’t get into art school—claimed only Jews got in. He had no artistic talent
Formed a paramilitary group to substitute for Germany Army—National Socialists

Adolph Hitler (continued)
Hitler promised Germans:
Stability
Jobs
To be Proud Again
To Reverse the Versailles Treaty
To End “Weak” Democracy
To “Get Rid of” the Jews
Lebenstraum— “Living Space for Germans”

Fascism
Nation comes first
Against Liberalism and Liberal Institutions
Irrational Politics—Emphasize Street Fighting
SA Storm Troopers (Ernst Rohm)—they wanted to get rid of Nazi’s enemies. They were called the “Brown shirts”
SS—Schutzstaffel (Heinrich Himmler)—they were called the black shirts.

Key Dates
October 1929—Great Depression
Summer-Fall 1932 –German Elections: Nazis 288; Nationalists 52; Center 74; Socialists 120; Communists 81; and others 23
The main points: Nazis won 44% of the vote; no center; Nazi’s powerful but can’t form government.

Key Dates Continued
President Hindenburg Names Hitler Chancellor in January 1933.
Street Violence
Reichstag Fire—Legislature Building Burns Down
March 23, 1933—Reichstag passes (with huge majority) the Enabling Act which made Hitler dictator until April 1, 1937
July 14, 1933—Nazi Party was made only legal party
November 12, 1933 Nazis win 92% of the vote
Main Point:
Only at this date does Hitler behave illegally
July 1934-SS and Army purge the SA and they begin to secretly arm the army
1935 Denounces Versailles Treaty
1936 Remilitarizes the Rhineland

1936-1937 Four Year Plan
War materials
Industrialization
Autobahn
VW
Daimler-Benz
General Motors
Ford

Racism in Nazi Germany
Belief German “Aryan” Race Master Race
Jews inferior
Slavs inferior
Gypsies inferior
Eugenics-Social Darwinism run amok
1935 Nuremberg Laws
Identify Jews (with Yellow Star
Deprive Jews of Citizenship
Allows only so many Jews in specific jobs
Outlaw marriage and sex between Jews and non-Jews

9 of November 1938
Night of Broken Glass or Kristallnacht
In response to assassination of German diplomat in Paris:
Nazis set synagogues on fire
Broke Jewish shop windows
Beat up Jews—91 killed; thousands injured
Confiscated Jewish property
Jews forbidden to collect insurance
20,000+ Jews sent to concentration camp

Why Hitler?
War Vets—Hated Government for Losing the War
Middle Class—Ruined by Inflation, Depression
Workers—Unemployed
Industrialists—Hated Socialist Labor Struggle
More than economy/defeat:
Emphasized a cult of war, physical danger, sexuality, future, speed, a “new life”
Airplanes, car, radio

Goebbels and Riefenstahl
Goebbels was the Chief Propaganda Officer. He promoted radios. By 1942, Germany had 23 million radios
Leni Riefenstahl was Hitler’s filmmaker. “Triumph of Will” and “Olympiad”

Hitler’s Road to War
March 1938—Annexed Austria
1938 German minority in Sudetenland (Czechoslovakia)
September 1938– “Munich Crisis”
Appeasement
Chamberlain— “There will be peace in our Time”
Spring 1939 Annexed all of Czechoslovakia
Summer 1939—Nazi-Soviet “Non Aggression Pact”

The Rise of Nazi Germany
*

World War II in Europe
1 September 1939 Nazis invade Poland
3 of September 1939 England, France declare war on Germany
Hitler defeats Poland in a month
“Phony War” (September 1939- May 1940)
May 1940 Germany invades the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and France
“Battle of Britain”
22 of June 1941 Germany invades Soviet Union.
1941 First Extermination Camp Created

Nazi Expansion and the Outbreak of World War II in Europe

Reading: Smith, et al., 925-932, 936-945

Causes of World War II In Europe

Versailles Treaty

Germans Believed they were “stabbed in the back”

Nationalism and Desire for Ethnic States in Eastern and Central Europe

Hitler Manipulated Ethnic Rivalries

Soviet Development and Expansionist Desires

Stalin’s Five-Year Plans modernized and industrialized USSR

Literacy Increased from 28.4% in 1897 to 87.4% in 1939

Life Expectancy (except for political murders) rose from 32 to 69 years

Soviet Union becomes model of turning Agrarian State into an Industrialized State.

Time Line
Hitler remilitarizes the Rhineland in 1936 and no one stops him
Japan occupies China and does the Rape of Nanjing and no one stops them. In one sense, Japanese occupation of China is the beginning of World War II

Time Line Continued
March 1938 Hitler annexes Austria and no one stops him.
September 1938 is the Czechslovakia Crisis. Hitler wants Sudentenland to be part of Germany. Sudentenland is given to appease Hitler

Time Line Continued
Spring of 1939—Hitler Annexes All of Czechoslovakia.
No one dares to do anything.
Britain totally unprepared for war.
French government doesn’t want war.
1939—Nazi-Soviet Non-Agression Pact
September 1939, Germany invades Poland
September 3, 1939 France and Britain declare war on Hitler
October 1939-May 1940 is the Phony War.
May 1940-Hitler invades and defeats Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg, and France.
Why was France defeated?
Poor military leadership
Thinking defensively—The Maginot Line

Time Line
Why French lost?
The Permanent Trench
Used Tanks as Taxis
Poor government leadership
June 1940-End of War “Battle of Britain
Air War
England bombs Germany
Germany bombs England
Radar
Hitler Invades Soviet Union
Stalin Depressed and does nothing
Problem: He killed too many generals in the Purges
1941 Germany constructs first death camp.