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   Show:  Filter Below:         To DoClassTaskDueBUSN150 – 1302B – 011. Ethics, Morality and Legalities – The Legal System & Ethics06/16/2013Description:[removed][removed] Are you sure you want to save all changes now?[removed] [removed] Are you sure you want to delete the item?[removed] [removed]     2. Liability and Accountability – Internet Business and the LawExplain the differences and similarities of the types of invasion of privacy.What do lemon laws,The Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act, and general warranties have in common?What dangers do defective products pose to the public and the legal system?Please use at least one research site to support your statements.The deliverable length requirement is five pages. For additional research and APA information, please read Appendix A, B, C, G, and R.Please submit your assignment.For assistance with your assignment, please use your text, Web resources, and all course materials.Unit Materials(More)Reading Assignment: Business Law, chapters 2, 3, 4, & 5Due Date: 6/23/2013 11:59:59 PM (-3 Days)Total Pts: 125Points Earned: 0Category:  Instructions:  InstructorComments:  Deliverable Length: 5 pagesAssignment Type: Individual ProjectAttachments:  Task List: Submissions LearningMaterials Objectives: View All Objectives Other Info: Assignment will be countedSubmissions will not be added to student ePortfolioswhat_do_accountability x11 years ago01.07.201315Report issueAnswer(1)courseworkhero.co.uk3.1 (232)5.0 (4)ChatPurchase the answer to view itNOT RATEDliability_and_accountability_-_internet_business_and_the_law 11 years agoplagiarism checkPurchase $15Bids(1)courseworkhero.co.ukother Questions(10)The Wall Street Journal published an article in 2010 talking about school districts that will choose to take advantage of…Frank ate 9 hamburgers in a half hour. How many hamburgers per minute?
Suggest the reasons a business may conduct operations in a third world country and disregard any standards of pollution control6-(-16)
A car travels in a straight line for 2.6 hr at a constant speed of 95 km/hr what is the…The Grapes Of Wrath:
Each of the characters in the novel had a dream of what he or she wanted in…Find the length of a beam when one sixth of it is cement , two fifths of it is on…2-4 page paper on globalizationaccounts questionsAssignment 2: Management – Offshore Outsourcing HelpNOT RATED11 years agoApplied SciencesArchitecture and DesignBiologyBusiness & FinanceChemistryComputer ScienceGeographyGeologyEducationEngineeringEnglishEnvironmental scienceSpanishGovernmentHistoryHuman Resource ManagementInformation SystemsLawLiteratureMathematicsNursingPhysicsPolitical SciencePsychologyReadingScienceSocial ScienceLiberty UniversityNew Hampshire UniversityStrayer UniversityUniversity Of PhoenixWalden UniversityHomeHomework AnswersArchiveTagsReviewsContactCopyright © 2024 SweetStudy.com (Step To Horizon LTD)

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What do accountability, responsibility, and risk have to do with ethics in business? Everything. In today’s transparent society, there is no place for dishonesty, arrogance, or greed in the executive ranks of a corporation or its board. Increased media exposure and the speed of information exchange will ensure that the work of directors is scrutinized far greater than ever before.

Due to greater media and public scrutiny, and the accountability and legal liability inherent in executive roles, many qualified individuals are reluctant to take on the responsibility of being a director.

In a speech given by United States Treasury Secretary Paul H. O’Neill to the University of Chicago Graduate School of Business, Mr. O’Neill addressed the future leaders and future business leaders about the challenges they face (O’Neill, 2002).

In Mr. O’Neill’s opinion as to why corporate leaders have fallen, he had this to say, “…I think they strayed from their values in the anything-goes 90s, and by the time they realized how far they had strayed—after all, in their minds, everyone else was doing it, or would if they could—it was too late. Like frogs in boiling water, they didn’t feel the heat until they were cooked. There was nothing special about these people, except their hubris. They abandoned any pretense of moral direction to follow each dollar down its path, and figured they’d return to the main road before anyone noticed they were gone. But after the bubble popped, there was nowhere to hide” (O’Neill, 2002). Mr. O’Neill pointed out that while continuing with the accomplishments in the 90s-growth, productivity, and innovation-we need to actively work to make a new era of personal responsibility and public integrity.

In his conclusion, Mr. O’Neill stated, “In my view, the answer is simple: honest, accountable leadership. With leadership, everything is possible; without it, nothing is possible… Leaders must stand up and set an example not just for their employees, but for the general public as well. Honesty in business is the new patriotism. There is nothing better business leaders can do for this country right now than restore faith in the system that has made it great” (O’Neill, 2002).

What do scenarios like corporate financial collapse, environmental disasters, layoffs, and consumer law suits all have in common? These actions may not have to happen at all if corporations managed risk to their stakeholders and stockholders. Risk management is more important today than ever before. What’s the answer? Effective corporate governance standards.

According to Brian Brown, president of the Winnipeg Chapter of the Institute of Internal Auditors and director of corporate audit services at Winnipeg-based Agricore United, there are four pillars that will prevent corporate problems. The four pillars are: the board of directors, management, internal auditors, and external auditors.” Brown continues, “…to be effective, each of these four must operate independently. When they don’t, massive problems can occur” (Diplock, 2002).

References

Diplock, J. (2002). Clarity begins at home. Retrieved August 24, 2009, from New Zealand Securities Commission Web site: http://www.sec-com.govt.nz/speeches/2002/jds151102.shtml

O’Neill, P. H. (2002). Remarks to the Harvard Business School. Retrieved August 24, 2009, from U.S. Department of Treasury Office of Public Affairs Web site: http://www.treas.gov/press/releases/po3649.htm

Tort is the French word for “wrong.” Tort law protects a variety of injuries and provides remedies for them. Tort damages are monetary damages that are sought from the offending party. They are intended to compensate the injured party for the injury suffered. They may consist of past and future medical expenses, loss of wages, pain and suffering, mental distress, and other damages caused by the defendant’s tortious conduct.

For members of society to peacefully coexist and commerce to flourish, people and their property must be protected from injury by other members of society. Federal, state, and local governments’ criminal laws are intended to accomplish this by providing an incentive to persons to act reasonably in society and imposing penalties on persons who violate them.

Under tort law, an injured party can bring a civil lawsuit to seek compensation for a wrong done to the party or to the party’s property. Many torts have their origin in common law. The courts and legislatures have extended tort law to reflect changes in modern society.

Torts can be:

· Intentional against persons, which can include assault, battery, defamation of character, and so on;

· Intentional against property, which can include trespassing to land or personal property;

· Unintentional, in which the offender is liable for harm that is the foreseeable consequence of his or her actions;

· Business-related, which can include failure to obtain a business license, unfair competition, or false advertising; or

· Strict liability, which means that a participant in a covered activity will be held liable for any injuries caused by the activity even if he or she was not at fault.

A crime is any act done by an individual in violation of those duties that he or she owes to society and for the breach of which the law provides that the wrongdoer shall make amends to the public. Many activities have been considered crimes through the ages, whereas other crimes are of recent origin. Felonies are the most serious type of crime because they are inherently evil. Misdemeanors are less serious in that they are not inherently evil, but are prohibited by society. Violations are neither felonies nor misdemeanors, but are punishable by a fine.

There are several types of crimes. For example, white collar crimes are those that are prone to be committed by businesspersons that involve cunning and trickery rather than physical force. Inchoate crimes are that that are incomplete or that are committed by nonparticipants, such a aiding and abetting a criminal.

There are several constitutional safeguards for those accused of crimes.

1. The Fourth Amendment Protection Against Unreasonable Searches and Seizures

2. The Fifth Amendment Privileges Against Self-Incrimination

3. The Fifth Amendment Protection Against Double Jeopardy, which means that someone cannot be tried twice for the same crime

4. The Sixth Amendment Right to a Public Jury Trial, and

5. The Eighth Amendment Protection Against Cruel and Unusual Punishment

Question 1: What are ethics, morals, and values, and how do they affect business decision making?

Answer 1: Ethics refer to a code of conduct for an individual or a group. Morals are habits that people develop according to their cultural development. Values are what an individual deems as important. The extent to which ethics play an important role in an organization depends on the organizational culture. Many firms have a code of ethics to help their employees make better decisions. The influence that organization has in ethical decision making depends on the following factors:

· How important are ethics to the company?

· How does top management view ethics?

· What are the organizational consequences for unethical behavior?

· Is there agreement among managers as to what is ethical and what is not?

· What probability for a harmful outcome causes unethical actions to be monitored?

· What is the length of time between the decision and the consequences?

· What number of people must be affected before consequential actions occur?

Question 2: What are some issues that should be included in an organization’s code of ethics?

Answer 2: Issues that should be considered for an organization’s code of ethics are acceptable business practices, internal control behavior, decision-making policies, and open discussion for acceptable and unacceptable behavior. Many companies have these policies, but it is up to the managers to ensure that they are put into effect and enforced.

Question 3: When does an action become a criminal act?

Answer 3: Crimes are generally defined by mens rea (state of mind) and actus reus (an act or omission proscribed by law). Statutes require that mens rea and actus reus be present to constitute a criminal violation. There is a difference in the law between acts that are unethical, immoral, negligent, or just plain wrong and acts which are criminal. If an employee has been negligent—in other words, did not exercise due care—then a crime was not committed. If an employee knowingly committed an act, then the employee committed a crime. Like all other crimes, the intent of the alleged wrongdoer may be proven by either direct or circumstantial evidence. Direct evidence is evidence that is readily apparent and can be seen or heard. Examples of direct evidence are eyewitness statements and confessions. Circumstantial evidence is evidence that may be inferred from the facts and circumstances or chain of events that occur.

Question 4: What is white-collar crime?

Answer 4: The phrase white-collar crime typically refers to a type of crime committed by professionals using deception, as opposed to violent crimes that involve force. White-collar crimes, however, are listed in state and federal statutes and criminal codes right alongside of murder, drug trafficking, rape, robbery, and others. Examples of white-collar crimes are the following:

· mail fraud

· wire fraud

· embezzlement

· bank fraud

· securities fraud

· failure to report financial transactions as required by the Patriot Act or Internal Revenue Code

· tax evasion

· securities fraud

· transport or employment of persons in violation of immigration statutes, public corruption, money laundering, and conspiracy to commit those crimes

Depending upon the type of crime, defendants face imprisonment up to thirty years without parole and fines up to $250,000 or more.

Question 5: What is the pyramid of corporate social responsibility?

Answer 5: There are four types of social responsibility that make up the pyramid of corporate social responsibility. They are economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic. Economic social responsibility involves the motto of “be profitable” (Lamb, Hair, & McDaniel, 2003). Profit is the responsibility on which all other responsibilities rest. Legal social responsibility’s motto is “obey the law” (Lamb et al.,2003). Law is society’s codification of right and wrong. Philanthropic social responsibility suggests good corporate citizenship. There should be effort to contribute resources to the community and improve the organization’s quality of life.

Question 6: Are there guidelines for codes of ethics?

Answer 6: Yes, most professional organizations have codes of ethics. The American Marketing Association (AMA), Sales & Marketing Executives International (SMEI), and Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) all have codes of ethics pertaining to their business focus.

Question 7: What are the three levels of ethical development?

Answer 7: Ethical development occurs in the following three stages of development:

· Preconventional morality, which is at the most basic level, appears child-like, self-centered, and selfish.

· Conventional morality encompasses societal conventions.

· Postconventional morality represents the morality of the mature adult in which there is less concern about other people’s views toward him or her but a thoughtful introspection of his or her own desired morality.

Reference

Lamb, C. W., Hair, J. F., & McDaniel, C. M. (2003). Essentials of marketing (3rd ed.). Mason, OH: South-Western/Cengage.

When professional organizations create a code of ethics, the code’s purpose is to unify or compromise differences in morality. Different people may have different personal morals when dealing with a particular issue. Two people with differing personal values can share a set of values that they agree will promote their particular profession. Regardless of the nature of the profession, there are some basic concepts that generally span most professions, which may include protection of client’s privacy, avoiding conflicts of interest, being honest, and being competent in the profession.

The following will not focus on the philosophical definition of ethics. It will focus instead on the definition of ethics, “the standards that govern the conduct of a person, especially a member of a profession.” The following will examine the standards that govern the conduct of chemical dependency counselors. It will also examine why the rules are important, what the rules are, and ultimately, in understanding what motivates chemical dependency counselors to behave ethically. With this understanding, it may be easier for a new professional to make ethical decisions in those situations that can test an individual’s morals.

Why are the rules important? The rules are important because they promote a particular standard of ethical behavior. This means that the rules set a minimum standard, a baseline with respect to certain levels of acceptable behavior expected of all members of the organization. The rules are also important because they are the result of reasoned discussion and collaboration by successful professionals in the particular field and those interested in promoting ethical behavior. The process of creating an organization’s code of ethics can be a long and very involved process.

The result of that process is a set of rules relating to the professional conduct of members of the organization. The code of ethics not only sets a standard of behavior, it helps to ultimately shape the image and public opinion of that organization. The code of ethics will embody the values of that organization. These values are often presented in the mission statement of the organization. The code of ethics must establish standards that promote the achievement of the mission statement.

Many jurisdictions have adopted the ACA Code of Ethics; the code of ethics for the American Counseling Association. The code has a statement of purpose, which describes the five main purposes for the ACA Code of Ethics. In essence, the five main purposes are the following (ACA Code of Ethics, 2005):

· Clarify ethical responsibilities for members.

· Help “support the mission of the association”

· Establish principles of ethical behavior and best practices.

· A guide for ethical decision making.

· A mechanism for processing complaints against members.

Reference

ACA code of ethics. (2005). Retrieved June 24, 2009, from American Counseling Association Web site: http://www.counseling.org/Resources/CodeOfEthics/TP/Home/CT2.asp