General Psychology Test

When psychologists discuss fear, anger, sadness, joy, surprise, disgust, and contempt, they are usually describing the:

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 b. 
primary emotions

Studies on sex differences in emotion have found that men are more likely to ruminate about _____________ thoughts whereas women are more likely to ruminate about ____________.

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 a. 
anger; depression

Positive emotions evoke more electrical activity in the __________, and negative emotions evoke more activity in the __________.

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 c. 
left hemisphere; right hemisphere

What limbic structure is a center for fear responses?

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 b. 
amygdala

Imagine that you have just discovered a space craft that landed in a remote field near your home. Fortunately, the aliens aboard the space craft share your language, but they do not know anything about how to interact appropriately within the cultural norms of North America. Using your knowledge of emotions and emotional expression, create a list of 5 important points to remember when expressing emotion in this culture.

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Smiling Frequently is ok
Dont kiss other male friends if male (european countries)
shake hands before hugging
Arms length of space between people, it can be seen as hostile or uncomfortable otherwise
Public displays of affection are often more acceptable then in other cultures

Cindy used to study with her friend Amanda but found that she had to quit studying with her because Amanda was always so hyper and anxious before taking tests. Cindy often felt anxious after the study sessions and was worried that this might have a negative influence on her test performance. Cindy was probably experiencing:

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 c. 
catharsis.

Social and cultural rules that regulate when, how, and where a person may express emotions are referred to as:

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 c. 
display rules

Why are polygraph tests considered invalid or unreliable?

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 d. 
There is no pattern of physical arousal that is specific to lying and distinct from other types of arousal

This term is the process by which the facial muscles send messages to the brain about the basic emotion being expressed.

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 c. 
facial feedback

___________, or how we explain events or behavior, affect our emotional responses.

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 a. 
Attributions

In one study, infants were put on a modified version of a visual cliff that is only moderately frightening because the cliff did not drop off sharply. The investigators found that:

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 c. 
33% of the infants crossed when the mother showed a negative expression.

The part of the brain that can override the signals sent by the amygdala is the:

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 c. 
cortex.

The adrenal glands will secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine in response to which one of the following stimuli?

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 d. 
falling down in public

The Schachter and Singer’s theory of emotion suggests that physiological arousal and ___________ are the important determinates of an emotion.

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 d. 
cognitive appraisal

A machine that detects nervous system arousal that may be associated with lying is called a(n) _____________.

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 a. 
polygraph

Studies of quarreling married couples have shown that:

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 b. 
males become more physiologically upset than females.

Lately you notice that your roommate seems to be spending all her spare time fighting with her boyfriend. As such, she seems to be angry all the time. Using your knowledge of emotions and the expression of anger, provide some recommendations to help your roommate deal with her anger more appropriately.

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I would encourage her to release the anger, stress and negative feelings inside her with her boyfriend. Explain to him thoroughly what he is doing and why it making her feel the way that she feels. Try to seperate the negative emotions from you, “get it off your chest.” 

One group of research participants is asked to arrange their facial muscles in a way that others would perceive as a smile. A second group is given no instructions. Both groups watch a short comedy film. Based on previous research, what would you predict about the outcome of this study?

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 b. 
Members of the first group would rate the comedy as funnier.

According to cross-cultural research, Americans:

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 d. 
smile more frequently than Germans.

Of the following individuals, the one who will do better at reading the signals of the other person is:

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 a. 
Marie, who is listening to her sister.

Why do researchers argue that infants cannot experience shame?

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 d. 
Both a and b are true.

In a study examining the emotional response of athletes in the Olympics, researchers found that:

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 c. 
bronze medallists were happier than silver medallists.